METADATA FOR ARCVIEW HAZPAC THEMES ======================================================================== Publication Reference: Bemis, Brynn L., Goss, Heather V., Yurkovich, Eric S., Perron, J. Taylor, and Howell, David G., 2002, HAZPAC: An interactive map of Pacific Rim natural hazards, population, and infrastructure: U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series DDS-76 (CD-ROM). ======================================================================== Metadata are arranged alphabetically by theme name: AGE OF ROCKS POPULATION DENSITY(**) COUNTRIES RAILROADS COUNTRY BOUNDARIES SEAFLOOR SEDIMENT EARTHQUAKES SEISMIC HAZARD(**) ENERGY RESOURCES SHADED RELIEF (Image) GEOLOGY OF ROCKS SUBSEA TELECOMMUNICATION CABLES LAND USE AND VEGETATION(*) TOPOGRAPHY & BATHYMETRY(**) LIGHTS AT NIGHT(**) TROPICAL STORM ZONES MAJOR AIR ROUTES TSUNAMI RUNUPS MAJOR AIRPORTS UTILITIES MAJOR CITIES VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS MAJOR RIVERS VOLCANOES - ACTIVE IN LAST 10,000 YEARS MAJOR ROADS WATER (*)This theme is not included in the HAZPAC_NOSPATIALANALYST.APR version of HAZPAC. (**)These grid themes appear as images in the HAZPAC_NOSPATIALANALYST.APR version of HAZPAC. ======================================================================== Note: For each theme, "Attribution Information" contains descriptions of the attribute field names as they are shown in the ArcView version of HAZPAC, as well as shows the original attribute field names [in brackets] from the original datasets. ======================================================================== AGE OF ROCKS Originators: Paper map prepared cooperatively by the Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey. Circum-Pacific Map Project Panel Chairmen: Kenneth J. Drummond (Northeast Quadrant); José Corvalán D. (Southeast Quadrant); Tomoyuki Moritani (Northwest Quadrant); R.W. Johnson (Southwest Quadrant); George W. Moore (Arctic Region); and Ian W.D. Dalziel (Antarctic Region). Map compilation coordinated by George Gryc, Circum-Pacific Map Project General Chairman. Cartography coordinated by Frances Mills and Douglas Aitken. Date: 2001 Title: Geologic Map of the Circum-Pacific Region, Pacific Basin Sheet Publication Reference: Drummond, Kenneth J.; Corvalán D., José; Inoue, Eiji; Palfreyman, W. David; Doutch, H. Frederick; Craddock, Campbell; Sato, Tadashi; McCoy, Floyd W.; Moore, George W.; Richards, Paul W.; Swint-Iki, Theresa R.; and Gartner, Anne L., 2001, Geologic Map of the Circum-Pacific Region, Pacific Basin Sheet: U.S. Geological Survey Circum-Pacific Map Series Map CP-49, scale 1:17,000,000, 81 p. [prepared by the Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources]. Abstract: The following is quoted directly from the pamphlet that accompanies the original paper map: "The Geologic Map of the Circum-Pacific Region, Pacific Basin Sheet, is a compilation at a scale of 1:17,000,000 of a series of five overlapping 1:10,000,000-scale map sheets. The maps in the 1:10,000,000 series include the Northeast Quadrant, Southeast Quadrant, Northwest Quadrant, Southwest Quadrant, and the Antarctic Region sheets." Each 1:10,000,000-scale map sheet was composed by a special international working group (from the Circum-Pacific Council), who also prepared explanations for each separate map project, and then a joint group created the final copy of the Circum-Pacific Geologic Map. Supplemental Information: This database originated from the (unpublished) digital files used in the production of the original paper map of the Geologic Map of the Circum-Pacific Region, Pacific Basin Sheet; however, several changes were made in order to make the data suitable for HAZPAC. As a result, data was manipulated during this process; thus, manual editing may have resulted in minor errors. The geologic-age data in HAZPAC result from merging five separate geologic-age polygon coverages into one "Age of Rocks" coverage. A new field called "geologic_age" was created, and the original "ptype" values were copied into this new field (note that the "geologic_age" attribute field is now called "Geologic age of rocks"). Non-land polygons, which are labeled as 'water_lake,' were not symbolized and thus are not displayed in the View or the Legend. Polygons labeled 'ultramafic' were moved to the "lithology" field in the "Geology of Rocks" coverage. Several "mask" polygons that were used in the paper-map production process were deleted. Access Constraints: Public Domain Use Constraints: Data is considered public information and may be distributed or copied. Use of appropriate byline/photo/image credit is requested. U.S. Geological Survey provides no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of furnished data. Contact Address: Circum-Pacific Map Project George Gryc, General Chairman Frances Mills, Cartographer U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park, CA, 94025, U.S.A. Paper map available from: U.S. Geological Survey Information Services Box 25286, Federal Center Denver, CO, 80225, U.S.A. telephone: (888) ASK-USGS or (888) 275-8747 Preparation of digital map for HAZPAC: Brynn Bemis U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park, CA, 94025, U.S.A. Online: http://www.circum-pacificcouncil.org/ Attribute Information [original attribute field name in brackets]: Geologic age of rocks [GEOLOGIC_A] -- Geologic age of rock unit ======================================================================== COUNTRIES Originator: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (for the Department of Defense) Date: 1998 Title: LandScan Global Population 1998 Database Abstract: The following is quoted directly from the LandScan CD-ROM: "The LandScan Global Population Project is a worldwide population database at 30-second X 30-second resolution for estimating ambient populations at risk. ... Verification and validation (V&V) studies have been conducted routinely for all regions and more extensively for portions of the Middle East and the Southwestern United States." "Considerable effort is required to reconcile the positional accuracy of diverse global databases, and mismatches among databases are most conspicuous on coastlines. Globally, LandScan coastlines are based on NIMA's [National Imagery and Mapping Agency] World Vector Shoreline (WVS) at 1:250,000 scale. Typically, this coastline differs somewhat from the related line representing the seaward boundary of administrative units, and both of these differ from the land/water boundary indicated on the GLCC [Global Land Cover Characteristics, by the U.S. Geological Survey] gridded database. ... The WVS takes precedence, and no population is apportioned to cells extending more than one-half cell beyond the WVS coastline." Supplemental Information: For incorporation into HAZPAC, this vector data was rasterized into a gridded surface with 30-second by 30-second resolution. The rasterized coastal boundaries were clipped based on the "POPULATION DENSITY" grid, and then the countries were returned to their original vector format. This allows the country boundaries to closely match the "POPULATION DENSITY" grid extent. Access Constraints: Public Domain Use Constraints: As required by U.S. Copyright Statute Title 17 Section 403 (17 U.S.C. 403), third parties producing copyrighted works consisting predominantly of the material produced by U.S. Government agencies must provide notice with such work(s) identifying the U.S. Government material incorporated and stating that such material is not subject to copyright protection. The information on U.S. Government web pages are in the public domain unless specifically annotated otherwise and may therefore be used freely by the public. Contact Address: Eddie A. Blight Oak Ridge National Laboratory Building 4500-N, MS 6237 P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, U.S.A. Online: http://www.ornl.gov/gist/projects/LandScan/landscan_doc.htm Attribute Information [original attribute field names in brackets]: Nation [NATION] -- Name of country National identification number [NATION_NUM] -- Unique identifier for each country Continent [CONTINENT] -- Name of continent that contains country Region [REGION] -- Name of country's geographic region ======================================================================== COUNTRY BOUNDARIES Originator: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (for the Department of Defense) Date: 1998 Title: LandScan Global Population 1998 Database Abstract: The following is quoted directly from the LandScan CD-ROM: "The LandScan Global Population Project is a worldwide population database at 30-second X 30-second resolution for estimating ambient populations at risk. ... Verification and validation (V&V) studies have been conducted routinely for all regions and more extensively for portions of the Middle East and the Southwestern United States." "Considerable effort is required to reconcile the positional accuracy of diverse global databases, and mismatches among databases are most conspicuous on coastlines. Globally, LandScan coastlines are based on NIMA's [National Imagery and Mapping Agency] World Vector Shoreline (WVS) at 1:250,000 scale. Typically, this coastline differs somewhat from the related line representing the seaward boundary of administrative units, and both of these differ from the land/water boundary indicated on the GLCC [Global Land Cover Characteristics, by the U.S. Geological Survey] gridded database. ... The WVS takes precedence, and no population is apportioned to cells extending more than one-half cell beyond the WVS coastline." Supplemental Information: For incorporation into HAZPAC, this vector data was rasterized into a gridded surface with 30-second by 30-second resolution. The rasterized coastal boundaries were clipped based on the "POPULATION DENSITY" grid, and then the countries were returned to their original vector format. This allows the country boundaries to closely match the "POPULATION DENSITY" grid extent. Access Constraints: Public Domain Use Constraints: As required by U.S. Copyright Statute Title 17 Section 403 (17 U.S.C. 403), third parties producing copyrighted works consisting predominantly of the material produced by U.S. Government agencies must provide notice with such work(s) identifying the U.S. Government material incorporated and stating that such material is not subject to copyright protection. The information on U.S. Government web pages are in the public domain unless specifically annotated otherwise and may therefore be used freely by the public. Contact Address: Eddie A. Blight Oak Ridge National Laboratory Building 4500-N, MS 6237 P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, U.S.A. Online: http://www.ornl.gov/gist/projects/LandScan/landscan_doc.htm Attribute Information [original attribute field names in brackets]: Nation [NATION] -- Name of country National identification number [NATION_NUM] -- Unique identifier for each country Continent [CONTINENT] -- Name of continent that contains country Region [REGION] -- Name of country's geographic region ======================================================================== EARTHQUAKES Originator: National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) Date: 2001 Title: a) Significant Earthquake Database b) Seismicity of the Earth Database Abstract: a) The Significant Earthquake Database is a global digital database containing information on more than 5,000 destructive earthquake events that date from 2150 B.C. to 2001 A.D. The events in the file must have met at least one of the following criteria: moderate damage (approximately $1 million or more), 10 or more deaths, Richter magnitude 7.5 or greater, or Modified Mercalli intensity X or greater (for events lacking Richter magnitude). b) The Seismicity of the Earth Database recorded earthquake events of only Richter magnitude 6.0 or greater. The events occurring prior to 1900 A.D. were assigned an epicenter based on the locations where damage occurred. Supplemental Information: The earthquake database used in this publication was customized at the NGDC. Both the Significant Earthquake Database and the Seismicity of the Earth Database were combined into one final earthquake dataset. Redundant earthquakes were excluded. The database now contains earthquake events that date from 780 B.C. to Fall 2001 A.D. Richter magnitude is based on surface waves (Ms) or the equivalent derived from intensities for pre-instrumental events. The magnitude is a logarithmic measure of seismic energy: an increase of 1.0 in magnitude represents a tenfold increase in the recorded wave amplitude; however, the energy release associated with an increase of 1.0 in magnitude is about thirty fold. Access Constraints: Public Domain Use Constraints: As required by U.S. Copyright Statute Title 17 Section 403 (17 U.S.C. 403), third parties producing copyrighted works consisting predominantly of the material produced by U.S. Government agencies must provide notice with such work(s) identifying the U.S. Government material incorporated and stating that such material is not subject to copyright protection. The information on U.S. Government web pages are in the public domain unless specifically annotated otherwise and may therefore be used freely by the public. Contact Address: National Geophysical Data Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration E/GC 325 Broadway Boulder, CO, 80303-3328, U.S.A. Online: a) Significant Earthquakes Database: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/seg/hazard/sig_srch.shtml b) Seismicity of the Earth Database: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/seg/hazard/SeismicityoftheEarth.shtml Attribute Information [original attribute field names in brackets]: Magnitude [MAGNITUDE] -- Richter magnitude of earthquake Year [YEAR] -- Year of earthquake Month [MONTH] -- Month of earthquake Day [DAY] -- Day of earthquake Time [TIME] -- Time of earthquake (hours:minutes:seconds) Depth (kilometers) [DEPTH_KM] -- Earthquake depth, in kilometers Latitude [LATITUDE] -- Latitude of earthquake epicenter, in decimal degrees; minus sign ('-') indicates south latitude Longitude [LONGITUDE] -- Longitude of earthquake epicenter, in decimal degrees; minus sign ('-') indicates west longitude ======================================================================== ENERGY RESOURCES Originators: Paper map prepared cooperatively by the Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey. Circum-Pacific Map Project Panel Chairmen: Kenneth J. Drummond (Northeast Quadrant); José Corvalán D. (Southeast Quadrant); Ian W.D. Dalziel (Antarctic Region); R.W. Johnson (Southwest Quadrant); George W. Moore (Arctic Region); and Tomoyuki Moritani (Northwest Quadrant). Map compilation coordinated by George Gryc, Circum- Pacific Map Project General Chairman. Cartography coordinated by Frances Mills and Douglas Aitken. Date: 2000 Title: Energy-Resources Map of the Circum-Pacific Region, Pacific Basin Sheet Publication Reference: Drummond, Kenneth J.; Salas, Guillermo P.; Yrigoyen, Marcelo R.; Sumii, Tomoaki; Natori, Hiro'o; Kato, Masakazu; Palfreyman, W. David; Fujii, Keizo; Inoue, Eiji; Sogabe, Masatoshi; Wood, Gordon H.; Richards, Paul W.; Bour, William V., III; Swint-Iki, Theresa R.; Matsubayashi, Osamu; Wakita, Koji; Corvalán D., José; and Doutch, H. Frederick, 2000, Energy-Resources Map of the Circum-Pacific Region, Pacific Basin Sheet: U.S. Geological Survey Circum-Pacific Map Series Map CP-50, scale 1:17,000,000, 109 p. [prepared by the Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources]. Abstract: The following is quoted directly from the pamphlet that accompanies the original paper map: "The Energy-Resources Map of the Circum-Pacific Region, [Pacific] Basin Sheet is a compilation at a scale of 1:17,000,000 of a series of four overlapping 1:10,000,000-scale map sheets. The maps in the 1:10,000,000 series include the Northeast Quadrant, Southeast Quadrant, Northwest Quadrant, and the Southwest Quadrant, and an Arctic Sheet." Each 1:10,000,000-scale map sheet was composed by a special international working group (from the Circum-Pacific Council), who also prepared explanations for each separate map project, and then a joint group created the final copy of the Circum-Pacific Energy-Resources Map. Supplemental Information: This database originated from the (unpublished) digital files used in the production of the original paper map of the Energy-Resources Map of the Circum- Pacific Region, Pacific Basin Sheet; however, several changes were made in order to make the data suitable for HAZPAC. As a result, data was manipulated during this process; thus, manual editing may have resulted in minor errors. The energy-resources data in HAZPAC result from merging five separate energy-resources polygon coverages into one coverage. A new field called "type" was created, and the original "ptype" values were copied into this new field. Original categories included oil, natural gas, oil sand, oil shale, and six subcategories of coal. Then, all values of the various coal subcategories were replaced with one 'coal' value, which allows easier display of the data while preserving the original data in the database. A sixth energy-resources category, geothermal (a point coverage), was excluded. Access Constraints: Public Domain Use Constraints: Data is considered public information and may be distributed or copied. Use of appropriate byline/photo/image credit is requested. U.S. Geological Survey provides no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of furnished data. Contact Address: Circum-Pacific Map Project George Gryc, General Chairman Frances Mills, Cartographer U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park, CA, 94025, U.S.A. Paper map available from: U.S. Geological Survey Information Services Box 25286, Federal Center Denver, CO, 80225, U.S.A. telephone: (888) ASK-USGS or (888) 275-8747 Preparation of digital map for HAZPAC: Brynn Bemis U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park, CA, 94025, U.S.A. Online: http://www.circum-pacificcouncil.org/ Attribute Information [original attribute field name in brackets]: Energy type [TYPE] -- Non-renewable energy type ======================================================================== GEOLOGY OF ROCKS Originators: Paper map prepared cooperatively by the Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey. Circum-Pacific Map Project Panel Chairmen: Kenneth J. Drummond (Northeast Quadrant); José Corvalán D. (Southeast Quadrant); Tomoyuki Moritani (Northwest Quadrant); R.W. Johnson (Southwest Quadrant); George W. Moore (Arctic Region); and Ian W.D. Dalziel (Antarctic Region). Map compilation coordinated by George Gryc, Circum-Pacific Map Project General Chairman. Cartography coordinated by Frances Mills and Douglas Aitken. Date: 2001 Title: Geologic Map of the Circum-Pacific Region, Pacific Basin Sheet Publication Reference: Drummond, Kenneth J.; Corvalán D., José; Inoue, Eiji; Palfreyman, W. David; Doutch, H. Frederick; Craddock, Campbell; Sato, Tadashi; McCoy, Floyd W.; Moore, George W.; Richards, Paul W.; Swint-Iki, Theresa R.; and Gartner, Anne L., 2001, Geologic Map of the Circum-Pacific Region, Pacific Basin Sheet: U.S. Geological Survey Circum-Pacific Map Series Map CP-49, scale 1:17,000,000, 81 p. [prepared by the Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources]. Abstract: The following is quoted directly from the pamphlet that accompanies the original paper map: "The Geologic Map of the Circum-Pacific Region, Pacific Basin Sheet, is a compilation at a scale of 1:17,000,000 of a series of five overlapping 1:10,000,000-scale map sheets. The maps in the 1:10,000,000 series include the Northeast Quadrant, Southeast Quadrant, Northwest Quadrant, Southwest Quadrant, and the Antarctic Region sheets." Each 1:10,000,000-scale map sheet was composed by a special international working group (from the Circum-Pacific Council), who also prepared explanations for each separate map project, and then a joint group created the final copy of the Circum-Pacific Geologic Map. Supplemental Information: This database originated from the (unpublished) digital files used in the production of the original paper map of the Geologic Map of the Circum-Pacific Region, Pacific Basin Sheet; however, several changes were made in order to make the data suitable for HAZPAC. As a result, data was manipulated during this process; thus, manual editing may have resulted in minor errors. The geologic data in HAZPAC result from merging five separate geology polygon coverages into one "Geology of Rocks" coverage. A new field called "lithology" was created, and the original "ptype" values were copied into this new field (note that the "lithology" attribute field is now called "Rock type"). Non-land polygons that were labeled as 'no_pattern' were relabeled as 'Sedimentary:mostly marine.' The coverage showing metamorphic rocks with foliation, as well as the polygons labeled 'ultramafic' that were originally in the "geologic_age" field in the "Age of Rocks" coverage, were incorporated into the "lithology" field. Several "mask" polygons that were used in the paper-map production process were deleted. Access Constraints: Public Domain Use Constraints: Data is considered public information and may be distributed or copied. Use of appropriate byline/photo/image credit is requested. U.S. Geological Survey provides no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of furnished data. Contact Address: Circum-Pacific Map Project George Gryc, General Chairman Frances Mills, Cartographer U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park, CA, 94025, U.S.A. Paper map available from: U.S. Geological Survey Information Services Box 25286, Federal Center Denver, CO, 80225, U.S.A. telephone: (888) ASK-USGS or (888) 275-8747 Preparation of digital map for HAZPAC: Brynn Bemis U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park, CA, 94025, U.S.A. Online: http://www.circum-pacificcouncil.org/ Attribute Information [original attribute field name in brackets]: Rock type [LITHOLOGY] -- Type of rock ======================================================================== LAND USE AND VEGETATION(*) (*)This theme is not included in the HAZPAC_NOSPATIALANALYST.APR version of HAZPAC. Originator: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (for the Department of Defense) Date: 1998 Title: LandScan Global Population 1998 Database Abstract: The following is quoted directly from the LandScan CD-ROM: "The LandScan Global Population Project is a worldwide population database at 30-second X 30-second resolution for estimating ambient populations at risk. ... Verification and validation (V&V) studies have been conducted routinely for all regions and more extensively for portions of the Middle East and the Southwestern United States." "The LandScan Land Cover Database is derived from the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Global Land Cover Characteristics (GLCC) database with the following substantial modifications: 1. The LandScan Land Cover Database has been georegistered at 30 arc second resolution in a common grid for the entire globe. The original GLCC database was in Goode's Homolosine projection. 2. Considerable effort has been devoted to reconciling the positional accuracy of diverse global databases. Mismatches among databases were most conspicuous on coastlines. ... Globally, the LandScan Land Cover database coastlines are based on NIMA's [National Imagery and Mapping Agency] World Vector Shoreline (WVS) at 1:250,000 scale. Typically, this coastline differs somewhat from the related line representing the seaward boundary of administrative units, and both of these differ from the land/water boundary indicated on the GLCC gridded database. ... The WVS takes precedence, and water is assigned to all cells extending more than one-half cell beyond the WVS coastline. Wherever the land surface had to be expanded to reach the WVS shoreline, we inserted an "unclassified land." 3. The LandScan Land Cover Database contains a much improved "urban" class. We replaced the USGS "urban" class with two new classes--developed and partly developed. ... The "partly developed" class typically includes suburban areas, small towns, and scattered industries, airports, etc." Access Constraints: Public Domain Use Constraints: As required by U.S. Copyright Statute Title 17 Section 403 (17 U.S.C. 403), third parties producing copyrighted works consisting predominantly of the material produced by U.S. Government agencies must provide notice with such work(s) identifying the U.S. Government material incorporated and stating that such material is not subject to copyright protection. The information on U.S. Government web pages are in the public domain unless specifically annotated otherwise and may therefore be used freely by the public. Contact Address: Eddie A. Blight Oak Ridge National Laboratory Building 4500-N, MS 6237 P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, U.S.A. Online: http://www.ornl.gov/gist/projects/LandScan/landscan_doc.htm (for more information on U.S. Geological Survey land use classifications, see also, http://edcdaac.usgs.gov/glcc/glcc.html) Attribute Information [original attribute field names in brackets]: Value [VALUE] -- Numeric value indicating type of land use or vegetation Land use or vegetation type [LAND_USE] -- Description of land use or vegetation Count [COUNT] -- Number of cells that have a particular value of land use or vegetation type ======================================================================== LIGHTS AT NIGHT(**) (**)This grid theme appears as an image in the HAZPAC_NOSPATIALANALYST.APR version of HAZPAC. Originator: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (for the Department of Defense) Date: 1998 Title: LandScan Global Population 1998 Database Abstract: The following is quoted directly from the LandScan CD-ROM: "The LandScan Global Population Project is a worldwide population database at 30-second X 30-second resolution for estimating ambient populations at risk. ... Verification and validation (V&V) studies have been conducted routinely for all regions and more extensively for portions of the Middle East and the Southwestern United States." "LandScan employs the Nighttime Lights of the World light frequency data processed and provided by NOAA's National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC). Frequency data cover the Northern Hemisphere and South America, but most areas south of the equator are limited to a binary value indicating lights present versus no lights present." Supplemental Information: For inclusion as an image for the HAZPAC_NOSPATIALANALYST.APR version of HAZPAC, the LandScan data have been resampled to 2.5-minute by 2.5-minute resolution, and then converted to JPEG format. The file "COLORMAP.JPG" (located in "HAZPAC_ARCVIEW\DATA\IMAGE") contains a legend for this image. Access Constraints: Public Domain Use Constraints: As required by U.S. Copyright Statute Title 17 Section 403 (17 U.S.C. 403), third parties producing copyrighted works consisting predominantly of the material produced by U.S. Government agencies must provide notice with such work(s) identifying the U.S. Government material incorporated and stating that such material is not subject to copyright protection. The information on U.S. Government web pages are in the public domain unless specifically annotated otherwise and may therefore be used freely by the public. Contact Address: Eddie A. Blight Oak Ridge National Laboratory Building 4500-N, MS 6237 P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, U.S.A. Online: http://www.ornl.gov/gist/projects/LandScan/landscan_doc.htm Attribute Information, for the HAZPAC_ARCVIEW.APR project [original attribute field names in brackets]: Intensity of brightness [VALUE] -- Value of light intensity ('100' is the brightest value; '0' is the dimmest) Count [COUNT] -- Number of cells that have a particular value of light intensity Explanation of Colors, for the HAZPAC_NOSPATIALANALYST.APR project: Red and orange areas are the most densely lit, and blue areas are less densely lit. Pale-blue and yellow areas represent intermediate brightness values (note the blue areas off the west coast of Japan, which are from the lights of squid-fishing operations). Black indicates that no reflected light was detected. ======================================================================= MAJOR AIR ROUTES Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Date: 1999 Title: World Map of Volcanoes and Principal Aeronautical Features Publication Reference: Casadevall, Thomas J., Thompson, Theodore B., and Fox, Tom, 1999, World Map of Volcanoes and Principal Aeronautical Features: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Investigations Series Map I-2700, scale 1:34,268,000 at equator (Mercator projection), 12 p. Abstract: This dataset contains great circle routes that connect selected city-pairs around the Pacific Basin. A great circle route is the shortest distance between two points on the Earth's surface. Actual air routes can vary significantly from the great circle routes, which are for reference purposes only and should not be used for navigational purposes. Supplemental Information: Actual air routes also are too detailed and numerous to be shown on this map; therefore, this dataset shows only principal air routes. All great circle routes for city-pairs in this dataset were created digitally from the original paper map, except for the following three city-pairs, which were added to incorporate Latin American countries: Mexico City - Los Angeles; Mexico City - Caracas; and Mexico City - Santiago. Access Constraints: None Use Constraints: Data is considered public information and may be distributed or copied. Use of appropriate byline/photo/image credit is requested. U.S. Geological Survey provides no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Contact Addresses: Thomas J. Casadevall U.S. Geological Survey Reston, VA, 20192, U.S.A. Theodore B. Thompson Jeppesen Sanderson, Inc. Englewood, CO, 80112-5498, U.S.A. Tom Fox International Civil Aviation Organization Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3C 5H7 Paper map available from: U.S. Geological Survey Information Services Box 25286, Federal Center Denver, CO, 80225, U.S.A. telephone: (888) ASK-USGS or (888) 275-8747 Preparation of digital map for HAZPAC: Brynn Bemis U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park, CA, 94025, U.S.A. Attribute Information [original attribute field name in brackets]: Air route [AIR_ROUTE] -- Names of two cities connected by a great circle route ======================================================================== MAJOR AIRPORTS Originators: a) U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); derived from National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) data b) Airports Council International (ACI) Date: a) USGS: in press [anticipated publication date, Fall 2002]; derived from 1997 NIMA data b) ACI: 26 March 2001 (Preliminary results) Title: a) Global GIS Database: Digital Atlas of the Earth b) ACI 2001 Annual Worldwide Airport Traffic Report Publication Reference, Global GIS Database: Hare, Trent, Hearn, Paul, Jr., and Schruben, Paul, in press [anticipated publication date, Fall 2002], Global GIS Database: Digital Atlas of the Earth: U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series DDS-62-H (DVD-ROM). Abstract: The Global GIS Database was derived from National Imagery and Mapping Agency's (NIMA) Vector Map Level 0 (VMAP0) database (Digital Chart of the World, 3d ed.). The following is quoted directly from USGS's Global GIS Database website (and published CD-ROMs): "The Vector Map (VMap) Level 0 database represents the third edition of the Digital Chart of the World. VMap Level 0 is a comprehensive 1:1,000,000 scale vector basemap of the world. It consists of cartographic, attribute, and textual data ... . The primary source for the database is the National Imagery and Mapping Agency's (NIMA) Operational Navigation Chart (ONC) series. This is the largest scale unclassified map series in existence that provides consistent, continuous global coverage of essential basemap features." The Operational Navigation Chart (ONC) series was assembled at a scale of 1:1,000,000 from medium- and low-altitude aerial photographs, and the themes were digitized from the photographs. Additional sources enhance the accuracy of the dataset. Supplemental Information: The Global GIS Database world airport dataset contains data on 7016 airports in the Circum-Pacific region. The ACI data, which were attached to the Global GIS Database dataset by International Air Transport Association (IATA) codes, provide additional data on passenger and cargo load for 670 of the 7016 airports. Although the "Global GIS Database: Digital Atlas of the Earth" DVD-ROM publication (DDS-62-H) is at present [Summer 2002] still "in press," the USGS has published CD-ROMs in the "Global GIS Database" series for three areas in the Circum-Pacific region (all are available from U.S. Geological Survey; see below for address): DDS-62-A, Digital Atlas of Central and South America (Hearn and others, 2000); DDS-62-C, Digital Atlas of South Asia (Hearn and others, 2001); and DDS-62-D, Digital Atlas of South Pacific (Hearn and others, 2001). Access Constraints: a) USGS: None b) ACI: None Use Constraints: a) USGS: The following is quoted directly from USGS's Global GIS Database website (and published CD-ROMs): "Cite National Imagery and Mapping Agency" b) ACI: None Contact Addresses: a) NIMA: National Imagery and Mapping Agency Attn: COS, MA-A30 8613 Lee Highway Fairfax, VA, 22031-2137, U.S.A. b) ACI: Airports Council International P.O. Box 16 1215 Geneva 15 -- Airport Switzerland telephone: (41 22) 798 41 41 fax: (41 22) 788 09 09 email: aci@uniplus.ch CD-ROMs and DVD-ROM available from: U.S. Geological Survey Information Services Box 25286, Federal Center Denver, CO, 80225, U.S.A. telephone: (888) ASK-USGS or (888) 275-8747 Online: a) NIMA: http://webgis.wr.usgs.gov/globalgis/ http://164.214.2.59/publications/vmap0.html http://www.nima.mil/publications/specs/printed/DCW/dcw.html b) ACI: http://www.airports.org/ Attribute Information [original attribute field names in brackets]: Airport [AIRPORT] -- Name of airport IATA code [IATACODE] -- International airport code, unique to airport Cargo rank [CARGRANK] -- Rank of airport, in terms of cargo load ('1' indicating the busiest) Cargo net [CARG_NET] -- Weight of cargo load (loaded freight, unloaded freight, and mail), in metric tons Passenger rank [PASSRANK] -- Rank of airport, in terms of passenger load ('1' indicating the busiest) Passenger net [PASS_NET] -- Total number of passenger load (arriving, departing, and direct-transit passengers) Movement rank [MVMTRANK] -- Rank of airport, in terms of movements ('1' indicating the busiest) Movement net [MVMT_NET] -- Total number of movements (landings and takeoffs) ======================================================================== MAJOR CITIES Originator: United Nations Statistical Division Date: 1997 Title: The Demographic Yearbook 1995 Abstract: The world cities dataset contains both country capitals and cities that have a population greater than 100,000. Each city was georeferenced using coordinate information located in the U.S. National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) database of foreign features. Note: The population census years differ between different locations. Supplemental Information: Some cities do not have population data; others only have data for urban- agglomeration rather than city-proper population. Populations originally labeled '...' (no data) by the U.N. Statistical Division were changed in this publication to '-9999' for both urban-agglomeration and city-proper information. [The value '-9999' is a standard value used in GIS database management that keeps the data field numeric, which allows data to be mathematically analyzed and queried.] A binary data field was added for "CAPITAL": cities that are capitals were assigned a '1' value, and non-capitals a '0' value. Cities without population data have been removed. Access Constraints: None Use Constraints: Three year usage starting December 2000, Permission Number 2000/088. Any third party who utilizes the data must acknowledge the United Nations as the data source in any disseminated use of the city data. Contact Address: Director Statistics Division United Nations New York, NY, 10017, U.S.A. fax: (212) 963 4116 email: statistics@un.org Online: http://www.un.org/Depts/unsd/demog/index.html Attribute Information [original attribute field names in brackets]: City name [CITY_NAME] -- Name of city City population [CITY_POP] -- Population of city proper, based on administrative boundaries Suburban population [AREA_POP] -- Population of city proper and contiguous built-up areas, characterizing an urban agglomeration Latitude [LATITUDE] -- Latitude of city, in decimal degrees; minus sign ('-') indicates south latitude Longitude [LONGITUDE] -- Longitude of city, in decimal degrees; minus sign ('-') indicates west longitude Capital [CAPITAL] -- Binary category describing city as either a capital city ('1') or not a capital city ('0') Date data collected [DATE] -- Day, month (as Roman numerals), and year of data collection ======================================================================= MAJOR RIVERS Originator: Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI) Date: 1999 Title: ArcWorld Data and Maps CD-ROM Abstract: The following is quoted directly from the ArcWorld Data and Maps CD-ROM: "The Rivers GeoDataset was generalized from ESRI's ArcWorld 1:3,000,000 and 1:25,000,000 databases. Names were added from the Rand McNally New International Atlas, the Times Atlas of the World, and the Digital Chart of the World." Access Constraints: None Use Constraints: The following is quoted directly from the ArcWorld Data and Maps CD-ROM: "Redistribution rights are granted by the data vendor for static images including hard-copy renditions that are plotted or printed, and/or .gif or .jpeg images with metadata or source attribution to the respective data vendor(s). Geodata are distributable with a Value-Added Software Application developed by ESRI Business Partners on a royalty-free basis with proper metadata or source attribution to the respective data vendor(s). Geodata are distributable without a Value-Added Software Application (i.e., adding the sample data to an existing, [non]commercial data set for redistribution) with proper metadata or source attribution to the respective data vendor(s)." Contact Address: Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. 380 New York Street Redlands, CA, 92373-8100, U.S.A. telephone: (909) 793 2853 fax: (909) 793 5953 Online: http://gis.esri.com/metadata/details.cfm?id=294 Attribute Information [original attribute field names in brackets]: River name [NAME] -- Name of river River system name [SYSTEM] -- Name of main river system of which the river is a part ======================================================================== MAJOR ROADS Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); derived from National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) data Date: In press [anticipated publication date, Fall 2002]; derived from 1997 NIMA data Title: Global GIS Database: Digital Atlas of the Earth Publication Reference: Hare, Trent, Hearn, Paul, Jr., and Schruben, Paul, in press [anticipated publication date, Fall 2002], Global GIS Database: Digital Atlas of the Earth: U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series DDS-62-H (DVD-ROM). Abstract: The Global GIS Database was derived from National Imagery and Mapping Agency's (NIMA) Vector Map Level 0 (VMAP0) database (Digital Chart of the World, 3d ed.). The following is quoted directly from USGS's Global GIS Database website (and published CD-ROMs): "The Vector Map (VMap) Level 0 database represents the third edition of the Digital Chart of the World. VMap Level 0 is a comprehensive 1:1,000,000 scale vector basemap of the world. It consists of cartographic, attribute, and textual data ... . The primary source for the database is the National Imagery and Mapping Agency's (NIMA) Operational Navigation Chart (ONC) series. This is the largest scale unclassified map series in existence that provides consistent, continuous global coverage of essential basemap features." The Operational Navigation Chart (ONC) series was assembled at a scale of 1:1,000,000 from medium- and low-altitude aerial photographs, and the themes were digitized from the photographs. Additional sources enhance the accuracy of the dataset. Supplemental Information: The roads from each country were merged together in ArcInfo. Data quality varies. For example, data are missing for countries where data do exist. In addition, the data are derived from aerial photographs, and they often reflect what pilots consider to be important for navigation. Although the "Global GIS Database: Digital Atlas of the Earth" DVD-ROM publication (DDS-62-H) is at present [Summer 2002] still "in press," the USGS has published CD-ROMs in the "Global GIS Database" series for three areas in the Circum-Pacific region (all are available from U.S. Geological Survey; see below for address): DDS-62-A, Digital Atlas of Central and South America (Hearn and others, 2000); DDS-62-C, Digital Atlas of South Asia (Hearn and others, 2001); and DDS-62-D, Digital Atlas of South Pacific (Hearn and others, 2001). Access Constraints: None Use Constraints: The following is quoted directly from USGS's Global GIS Database website (and published CD-ROMs): "Cite National Imagery and Mapping Agency" Contact Address: National Imagery and Mapping Agency Attn: COS, MA-A30 8613 Lee Highway Fairfax, VA, 22031-2137, U.S.A. CD-ROMs and DVD-ROM available from: U.S. Geological Survey Information Services BOX 25286, MS 306 Denver, CO, 80225-0046, U.S.A. telephone: (888) ASK-USGS or (888) 275-8747 Online: http://webgis.wr.usgs.gov/globalgis/ http://164.214.2.59/publications/vmap0.html http://www.nima.mil/publications/specs/printed/DCW/dcw.html Attribute Information [original attribute field name in brackets]: Road [ROAD] -- Type of road ('Divided Highways,' 'Path or Trails,' or 'Primary/Secondary Roads') ======================================================================== POPULATION DENSITY(**) (**)This grid theme appears as an image in the HAZPAC_NOSPATIALANALYST.APR version of HAZPAC. Originator: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (for the Department of Defense) Date: 2000 Title: LandScan Global Population 2000 Database Abstract: The following is quoted directly from the LandScan website: "The LandScan Global Population Project is a worldwide population database at 30-second X 30-second resolution for estimating ambient populations at risk. ... Verification and validation (V&V) studies have been conducted routinely for all regions and more extensively for portions of the Middle East and the Southwestern United States." "Best available census counts (usually at province level) are allocated to 30-second X 30-second cells through a "smart" interpolation based on the relative likelihood of population occurrence in cells due to road proximity, slope, land cover, and nighttime lights. Probability coefficients are assigned to each value of each input variable, and a composite probability coefficient is calculated for each LandScan cell." "Coefficients for all regions are based on the following factors: Roads, weighted by distance from major roads, Elevation, weighted by favorability of slope categories, Land Cover, weighted by type with exclusions for certain types, and Nighttime lights of the World, weighted by frequency." "The resulting coefficients are weighted values, independent of census data, which can then be used to apportion shares of actual population counts within any particular area of interest. Coefficients vary considerably from country to country even within a particular region. Control totals can be based on any administrative unit (nation, province, district, minor civil division) or arbitrary polygon for which census data are available. The resulting population distribution is normalized and compared with appropriate control totals to ensure that aggregate distributions are consistent with census control totals. Successful operation of the model has been demonstrated for various control totals, control areas, and weighting values." Supplemental Information: For inclusion as an image for the HAZPAC_NOSPATIALANALYST.APR version of HAZPAC, the LandScan data have been resampled to 2.5-minute by 2.5-minute resolution, and then converted to JPEG format. The file "COLORMAP.JPG" (located in "HAZPAC_ARCVIEW\DATA\IMAGE") contains a legend for this image. Access Constraints: Public Domain Use Constraints: As required by U.S. Copyright Statute Title 17 Section 403 (17 U.S.C. 403), third parties producing copyrighted works consisting predominantly of the material produced by U.S. Government agencies must provide notice with such work(s) identifying the U.S. Government material incorporated and stating that such material is not subject to copyright protection. The information on U.S. Government web pages are in the public domain unless specifically annotated otherwise and may therefore be used freely by the public. Contact Address: Eddie A. Blight Oak Ridge National Laboratory Building 4500-N, MS 6237 P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, U.S.A. Online: http://www.ornl.gov/gist/projects/LandScan/landscan_doc.htm Attribute Information, for the HAZPAC_ARCVIEW.APR project [original attribute field names in brackets]: Population density [VALUE] -- Population for each cell Count [COUNT] -- Number of cells that have a particular value of population density Explanation of Colors, for the HAZPAC_NOSPATIALANALYST.APR project: Population density increases in value from beige areas (0-2 people/sq. km), to orange areas (26-50 people/sq. km), to red areas (501-2,500 people/sq. km), to black areas (25,001-200,000 people/sq. km) ======================================================================== RAILROADS Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); derived from National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) data Date: In press [anticipated publication date, Fall 2002]; derived from 1997 NIMA data Title: Global GIS Database: Digital Atlas of the Earth Publication Reference: Hare, Trent, Hearn, Paul, Jr., and Schruben, Paul, in press [anticipated publication date, Fall 2002], Global GIS Database: Digital Atlas of the Earth: U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series DDS-62-H (DVD-ROM). Abstract: The Global GIS Database was derived from National Imagery and Mapping Agency's (NIMA) Vector Map Level 0 (VMAP0) database (Digital Chart of the World, 3d ed.). The following is quoted directly from USGS's Global GIS Database website (and published CD-ROMs): "The Vector Map (VMap) Level 0 database represents the third edition of the Digital Chart of the World. VMap Level 0 is a comprehensive 1:1,000,000 scale vector basemap of the world. It consists of cartographic, attribute, and textual data.... The primary source for the database is the National Imagery and Mapping Agency's (NIMA) Operational Navigation Chart (ONC) series. This is the largest scale unclassified map series in existence that provides consistent, continuous global coverage of essential basemap features." The Operational Navigation Chart (ONC) series was assembled at a scale of 1:1,000,000 from medium- and low-altitude aerial photographs, and the themes were digitized from the photographs. Additional sources enhance the accuracy of the dataset. Supplemental Information: The railroads from each country were merged together in ArcInfo. Data quality varies. For example, data are missing for countries where data do exist. In addition, the data are derived from aerial photographs, and they often reflect what pilots consider to be important for navigation. Although the "Global GIS Database: Digital Atlas of the Earth" DVD-ROM publication (DDS-62-H) is at present [Summer 2002] still "in press," the USGS has published CD-ROMs in the "Global GIS Database" series for three areas in the Circum-Pacific region (all are available from U.S. Geological Survey; see below for address): DDS-62-A, Digital Atlas of Central and South America (Hearn and others, 2000); DDS-62-C, Digital Atlas of South Asia (Hearn and others, 2001); and DDS-62-D, Digital Atlas of South Pacific (Hearn and others, 2001). Access Constraints: None Use Constraints: The following is quoted directly from USGS's Global GIS Database website (and published CD-ROMs): "Cite National Imagery and Mapping Agency" Contact Address: National Imagery and Mapping Agency Attn: COS, MA-A30 8613 Lee Highway Fairfax, VA, 22031-2137, U.S.A. CD-ROMs and DVD-ROM available from: U.S. Geological Survey Information Services BOX 25286, MS 306 Denver, CO, 80225-0046, U.S.A. telephone: (888) ASK-USGS or (888) 275-8747 Online: http://webgis.wr.usgs.gov/globalgis/ http://164.214.2.59/publications/vmap0.html http://www.nima.mil/publications/specs/printed/DCW/dcw.html Attribute Information [original attribute field name in brackets]: Railroad status [STATUS] -- Status of railroad line ('Doubtful,' 'Not Useable,' 'Operational,' 'Under Construction,' or 'Unexamined/Unsurveyed') ======================================================================== SEAFLOOR SEDIMENT Originators: Paper map prepared cooperatively by the Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey. Circum-Pacific Map Project Panel Chairmen: Kenneth J. Drummond (Northeast Quadrant); José Corvalán D. (Southeast Quadrant); Tomoyuki Moritani (Northwest Quadrant); R.W. Johnson (Southwest Quadrant); George W. Moore (Arctic Region); and Ian W.D. Dalziel (Antarctic Region). Map compilation coordinated by George Gryc, Circum-Pacific Map Project General Chairman. Cartography coordinated by Frances Mills and Douglas Aitken. Date: 2001 Title: Geologic Map of the Circum-Pacific Region, Pacific Basin Sheet Publication Reference: Drummond, Kenneth J.; Corvalán D., José; Inoue, Eiji; Palfreyman, W. David; Doutch, H. Frederick; Craddock, Campbell; Sato, Tadashi; McCoy, Floyd W.; Moore, George W.; Richards, Paul W.; Swint-Iki, Theresa R.; and Gartner, Anne L., 2001, Geologic Map of the Circum-Pacific Region, Pacific Basin Sheet: U.S. Geological Survey Circum-Pacific Map Series Map CP-49, scale 1:17,000,000, 81 p. [prepared by the Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources]. Abstract: The following is quoted directly from the pamphlet that accompanies the original paper map: "The Geologic Map of the Circum-Pacific Region, Pacific Basin Sheet, is a compilation at a scale of 1:17,000,000 of a series of five overlapping 1:10,000,000-scale map sheets. The maps in the 1:10,000,000 series include the Northeast Quadrant, Southeast Quadrant, Northwest Quadrant, Southwest Quadrant, and the Antarctic Region sheets." Each 1:10,000,000-scale map sheet was composed by a special international working group (from the Circum-Pacific Council), who also prepared explanations for each separate map project, and then a joint group created the final copy of the Circum-Pacific Geologic Map. Supplemental Information: This database originated from the (unpublished) digital files used in the production of the original paper map of the Geologic Map of the Circum-Pacific Region, Pacific Basin Sheet; however, several changes were made in order to make the data suitable for HAZPAC. As a result, data was manipulated during this process; thus, manual editing may have resulted in minor errors. The seafloor-sediment data in HAZPAC result from merging five separate seafloor-sediment polygon coverages into one coverage. A new field called "sediment" was created, and the original "ptype" values were copied into this new field (note that the "sediment" attribute field is now called "Sediment type"). Polygons that are labeled as 'ice_shelf,' 'lake,' 'land,' 'unknown,' and 'no_unit_assigned' were not symbolized and thus are not displayed in the View or the Legend. Access Constraints: Public Domain Use Constraints: Data is considered public information and may be distributed or copied. Use of appropriate byline/photo/image credit is requested. U.S. Geological Survey provides no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of furnished data. Contact Address: Circum-Pacific Map Project George Gryc, General Chairman Frances Mills, Cartographer U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park, CA, 94025, U.S.A. Paper map available from: U.S. Geological Survey Information Services Box 25286, Federal Center Denver, CO, 80225, U.S.A. telephone: (888) ASK-USGS or (888) 275-8747 Preparation of digital map for HAZPAC: Brynn Bemis U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park, CA, 94025, U.S.A. Online: http://www.circum-pacificcouncil.org/ Attribute Information [original attribute field name in brackets]: Sediment type [SEDIMENT] -- Type of seafloor sediment ======================================================================== SEISMIC HAZARD(**) (**)This grid theme appears as an image in the HAZPAC_NOSPATIALANALYST.APR version of HAZPAC. Originators: Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program (GSHAP), through the combined efforts of the U.S. Geological Survey, Golden, Colorado, U.S.A., for North/South America; State Seismological Bureau (CSB), Beijing, China, for Central and Eastern Asia; Australian Geological Survey Organization, Canberra, Australia, for Australia-Western Pacific margin; GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany, for Europe-Mediterranean-Africa-Middle East; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland, global coordination. Authors: D. Giardini (ETH), G. Grünthal (GFZ Potsdam), K. Shedlock (USGS), and P. Zhang (CSB). Date: 1999 Title: Global Seismic Hazard Map Abstract: The GSHAP Global Seismic Hazard Map has been compiled by joining the regional maps produced for different GSHAP regions and test areas; the map depicts the global seismic hazard as peak ground acceleration (PGA) with a 10 percent chance of exceedance in 50 years, corresponding to a return period of 475 years. Supplemental Information: The peak ground acceleration (PGA) values were combined with a shaded relief base map using ArcInfo v.7.2.1 Geographic Information System (GIS) software. The cell size of the PGA and relief base grids is 0.0833 degrees. The site classification is "rock" everywhere except Canada and the United States, which assume "rock/firm soil" reference ground conditions. This GSHAP map depicts the likely level of short-period ground motion from earthquakes in a 50-year window. The Crowding the Rim GIS Development Team converted the grid cell values from meters per second to centimeters per second. This created an integer grid rather than a grid with decimal places, allowing for a smaller file. For inclusion as an image for the HAZPAC_NOSPATIANALYST.APR version of HAZPAC, the GSHAP data have been resampled to 2.5-minute by 2.5-minute resolution, and then converted to JPEG format. The file "COLORMAP.JPG" (located in "HAZPAC_ARCVIEW\DATA\IMAGE") contains a legend for this image. Access Constraints: None Use Constraints: All GSHAP products and maps are available freely and are not covered by copyright, provided that the source is cited. Contact Address: Domenico Giardini, GSHAP Coordinator Swiss Seismological Service ETH-Hoenggerberg/ HPP P 6.1 CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland email: giardini@seismo.ifg.ethz.ch Online: http://seismo.ethz.ch/GSHAP/ Attribute Information, for the HAZPAC_ARCVIEW.APR project [original attribute field names in brackets]: PGA (centimeters per second squared) [VALUE] -- Peak ground acceleration (PGA), in centimeters per second squared Count [COUNT] -- Number of cells that have a particular value of PGA Explanation of Colors, for the HAZPAC_NOSPATIALANALYST project: Different colors represent areas of relative shaking intensities, as indicated by different values of peak ground acceleration (PGA), in centimeters per second: Dark green, 20-40 cm/s ('Low' intensity of shaking) Medium green, 40-80 cm/s Yellow-green, 80-160 cm/s ('Moderate' intensity of shaking) Yellow-orange, 160-240 cm/s Orange, 240-320 cm/s ('High' intensity of shaking) Red, 320-400 cm/s Dark red, 400-480 cm/s ('Very high' intensity of shaking) Brown, 480-1000 cm/s ======================================================================= SHADED RELIEF (Image) Originator: National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) Date: a) ETOPO2: 1997 b) ETOPO5: 1988 Title: a) ETOPO2: Global Sea Floor Topography from Satellite Altimetry and Ship Depth Soundings b) ETOPO5: Data Announcement 88-MGG-02, Digital relief of the Surface of the Earth Abstract: This shaded-relief image, derived from a mosaic of topography and bathymetry grids covering the Pacific Rim region, visually displays the relative elevation change of Pacific Rim region. This dataset is composed of 2-minute resolution data for the areas from latitude -72 degrees to 70 degrees North, and 5-minute resolution data north and south of those parallels. a) ETOPO2: Digital databases of seafloor and land elevations on a 2-minute resolution latitude/longitude grid. The resolution of the raster data varies from true 2-minute to 5-minutes. b) ETOPO5: Generated from a digital database of land and seafloor elevations on a 5-minute resolution latitude/longitude grid, the resolution of the raster data varies from true 5-minute to 1-degree resolution. Data values are in whole meters, representing the elevation of the center of each cell. Accuracy of the data set is hard to define, due to the disparate sources of the data. Supplemental Information: a) ETOPO2: The dataset was obtained in ASCII format from the internet. It was formatted in order to generate a coverage, and then a grid, in ArcInfo. The coverage was projected into the Mollweide Projection, and then the POINTGRID command was used. The Mollweide-projected coverage had no missing bands of data; however, after using the POINTGRID command, 10 horizontal bands of "nodata" existed between -10 degrees and 10 degrees North. In order to fill these in, the focal mean grid function was employed, and then the resultant values for the bands of "nodata" were merged into the grid. b) ETOPO5: The ETOPO5 values were merged with the manipulated ETOPO2 values. Finally, the grid function INT was used to truncate the numbers at the decimal point (all numbers originally ended in '.000'). For inclusion as a shaded-relief image for HAZPAC, the final topography and bathymetry grid was converted to a hillshade format by the Crowding the Rim GIS Development Team using the ArcInfo HILLSHADE command. The hillshade was computed with the Sun Azimuth at 315 degrees, at an altitude of 45 degrees. Then grid data was transformed into an image format using the GRIDIMAGE command. Access Constraints: None Use Constraints: As required by U.S. Copyright Statute Title 17 Section 403 (17 U.S.C. 403), third parties producing copyrighted works consisting predominantly of the material produced by U.S. Government agencies must provide notice with such work(s) identifying the U.S. Government material incorporated and stating that such material is not subject to copyright protection. The information on U.S. Government web pages are in the public domain unless specifically annotated otherwise and may therefore be used freely by the public. Contact Address: Dr. Peter W. Sloss NOAA/NGDC Mail Code E/GC3 325 Broadway Boulder, CO, 80305, U.S.A. telephone: (303) 497 6119 fax: (303) 497 6513 email: Peter.W.Sloss@noaa.gov Preparation of shaded-relief image for HAZPAC: Brynn Bemis U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park, CA, 94025, U.S.A. Online: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/global/seltopo.html (see also, http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/bathymetry/predicted/explore.HTML) ======================================================================= SUBSEA TELECOMMUNICATION CABLES Originator: Thales GeoSolutions (Pacific), Inc. Date: 2001 Title: Optical Fibre Submarine Systems Abstract: The majority of the routes were taken from graphic displays obtained from the cable owners or through the internet. They are of low accuracy and are only intended to show the general configuration of the cable systems. No numerical accuracy should be quoted, as they are indicative of possible routes only. They do not represent actual installed locations. Route details including exact landfall coordinates, cable separation distances or crossings cannot be determined from this product. None of the displayed routes should be used for cable engineering analysis or considered as "official issue" route position listings. Use Constraints: Distribution is OK as long as the disclaimer and notes are attached. Disclaimer: This data has been compiled and prepared by Thales Geosolutions (Pacific), Inc. from Source data prepared by Third parties and is therefore not based on or results from survey or position fixing services carried out by or for Thales Geosolutions (Pacific) Inc. and consequently Thales Geosolutions (Pacific) Inc. cannot and does not guarantee, warrant or make any promise as to the accuracy of this map nor does it accept or assume any liability or responsibility for any loss, damage, claims, cost and expenses suffered or incurred whether direct or indirect and whether foreseeable or not by any person who uses or relies on this data for any purpose whatsoever and the customer in using or relying on this map or any part thereof does so entirely at his own discretion and risk. In no event shall the company or any of its respective officers, directors, agents or employees be liable for direct, consequential or incidental damages of any kind to the customer or any third party arising out of or connected with this data. Contact Address: Bill Gilmour Survey Manager Thales GeoSolutions (Pacific), Inc. 3738 Ruffin Road San Diego, CA, 92123, U.S.A. telephone: (858) 292 8922 fax: (858) 292 5308 e-mail: Bill.Gilmour@thales-geosolutions.com Preparation of digital data: Robert Hansen Thales GeoSolutions (Pacific), Inc. 3738 Ruffin Road San Diego, CA, 92123, U.S.A. telephone: (858) 292 8922 fax: (858) 292 5308 Attribute Information [original attribute field name in brackets]: Cable type [LAYER] -- Name of cable ======================================================================== TOPOGRAPHY & BATHYMETRY(**) (**)This theme appears as an image in the HAZPAC_NOSPATIALANALYST.APR version of HAZPAC. Originator: National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) Date: a) ETOPO2: 1997 b) ETOPO5: 1988 Title: a) ETOPO2: Global Sea Floor Topography from Satellite Altimetry and Ship Depth Soundings b) ETOPO5: Data Announcement 88-MGG-02, Digital relief of the Surface of the Earth Abstract: This dataset is composed of 2-minute resolution data for the areas from latitude -72 degrees to 70 degrees North, and 5-minute resolution data north and south of those parallels. a) ETOPO2: Digital databases of seafloor and land elevations on a 2-minute resolution latitude/longitude grid. The resolution of the raster data varies from true 2-minute to 5-minutes. b) ETOPO5: Generated from a digital database of land and seafloor elevations on a 5-minute resolution latitude/longitude grid, the resolution of the raster data varies from true 5-minute to 1-degree resolution. Data values are in whole meters, representing the elevation of the center of each cell. Accuracy of the data set is hard to define, due to the disparate sources of the data. Supplemental Information: a) ETOPO2: The dataset was obtained in ASCII format from the internet. It was formatted in order to generate a coverage, and then a grid, in ArcInfo. The coverage was projected into the Mollweide Projection, and then the POINTGRID command was used. The Mollweide-projected coverage had no missing bands of data; however, after using the POINTGRID command, 10 horizontal bands of "nodata" existed between -10 degrees and 10 degrees North. In order to fill these in, the FOCALMEAN grid function was employed, and then the resultant values for the bands of "nodata" were merged into the grid. b) ETOPO5: The ETOPO5 values were merged with the manipulated ETOPO2 values. Finally, the grid function INT was used to truncate the numbers at the decimal point (all numbers originally ended in '.000'). For inclusion as an image for the HAZPAC_NOSPATIANALYST.APR version of HAZPAC, the topography and bathymetry data have been resampled to 2.5-minute by 2.5-minute resolution, and then converted to JPEG format. The file "COLORMAP.JPG" (located in "HAZPAC_ARCVIEW\DATA\IMAGE") contains a legend for this image. Access Constraints: None Use Constraints: As required by U.S. Copyright Statute Title 17 Section 403 (17 U.S.C. 403), third parties producing copyrighted works consisting predominantly of the material produced by U.S. Government agencies must provide notice with such work(s) identifying the U.S. Government material incorporated and stating that such material is not subject to copyright protection. The information on U.S. Government web pages are in the public domain unless specifically annotated otherwise and may therefore be used freely by the public. Contact Address: Dr. Peter W. Sloss NOAA/NGDC Mail Code E/GC3 325 Broadway Boulder, CO, 80305, U.S.A. telephone: (303) 497 6119 fax: (303) 497 6513 email: Peter.W.Sloss@noaa.gov Online: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/global/seltopo.html (see also, http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/bathymetry/predicted/explore.HTML) Attribute Information, for the HAZPAC_ARCVIEW.APR project [original attribute field names in brackets]: Elevation [VALUE] -- Elevation above or below mean sea level, in meters; minus sign ('-') indicates elevation below sea level Count [COUNT] -- Number of cells that have a particular elevation value Explanation of Colors, for the HAZPAC_NOSPATIANALYST.APR project: Blues represent areas below mean sea level; browns, areas above mean sea level; lightest blues and lightest browns, areas at or around mean sea level. The darkest blue areas are the deepest waters, and the darkest brown areas are the highest mountains. ======================================================================== TROPICAL STORM ZONES Originator: Munich Reinsurance Company (Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft) Date: 1998 Title: World Map of Natural Hazards (3rd edition) Abstract: The coverage shows probable maximum intensity of wind speed with an exceedance probability of 10 percent in 10 years. The polygon coverage contains an item called "Tc_zone", which ranks each polygon from 1 to 5 on the basis of the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale (wind speed). Supplemental Information: The original coverage was in decimal degrees and had the Atlantic Ocean in the middle. First, the coverage was reprojected into Mercator projection with the Pacific Ocean in the middle; it was then clipped to our target boundaries. Next, polygons were merged around longitude 180 degrees East/West. The coverage was then reprojected into Mollweide projection. Access Constraints: None Use Constraints: The following is quoted directly: "Texts, pictures, graphics and their appearance on the Munich Re CD-ROM are protected under copyright law and other protective legislation. These materials or any portions thereof may be used solely for personal and non-commercial purposes. Any contents and components of the Munich Re CD-ROM stored, reproduced or distributed, provided that permission has been granted to do so, must contain a reference to Munich Re's copyright." Contact Addresses: Andreas Siebert Munich Reinsurance Company Geoscience Research Group (R&D/Geo) 107 Koeniginstrasse D-80791 Munich, Germany telephone: (49 89) 3891 5292 fax: (49 89) 3891 5696 (central) email: ASiebert@MunichRe.com Anselm Smolka Deputy head, geologist Munich Reinsurance Company Geoscience Research Group (R&D/Geo) 107 Koeniginstrasse D-80791 Munich, Germany email: asmolka@munichre.com Attribute Information [original attribute field names in brackets]: Storm zone [STORM_ZONE] -- Value of storm zone rating, based on Saffir- Simpson Hurricane scale (zone 1, 118-153 km/hr; zone 2, 154-177 km/hr; zone 3, 178-209 km/hr; zone 4, 210-249 km/hr; zone 5, 250+ km/hr) Maximum wind speed [WIND_SPEED] -- Maximum wind speeds calculated for Saffir-Simpson Hurricane scale, which rates wind speeds with a 10 percent exceedance in 10 years, 100-year return period Count [COUNT] -- Number of polygons in a particular storm zone ======================================================================== TSUNAMI RUNUPS Originator: National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) Date: 2001 Title: National Geophysical Data Center Tsunami Runup Database Abstract: The online tsunami databases consist of the event database and the runup database. The event database (1410 B.C. to Summer 2001 A.D.) contains information on the tsunami, such as the cause of the tsunami, the source location, the magnitude and intensity of the tsunami, etc. The runup database contains information on locations where tsunami effects occurred. However, there is not a one-to-one correspondence between these two datasets. Some events do not have runup information; on the other hand, some events have many locations where a runup height was recorded. The Crowding the Rim GIS Development team has decided to only use the tsunami runup database for HAZPAC. Supplemental Information: Some attributes that did not have values were assigned either 'Unknown' or '-9999' values. [The value '-9999' is a standard value used in GIS database management that keeps the data field numeric, which allows data to be mathematically analyzed and queried.] Tsunamis labeled 'Less than' or 'Greater than' were assigned the value 'Questionable' to avoid ambiguity. Also, runups lacking geospatial coordinates were dropped from the database. Access Constraints: None Use Constraints: As required by U.S. Copyright Statute Title 17 Section 403 (17 U.S.C. 403), third parties producing copyrighted works consisting predominantly of the material produced by U.S. Government agencies must provide notice with such work(s) identifying the U.S. Government material incorporated and stating that such material is not subject to copyright protection. The information on U.S. Government web pages are in the public domain unless specifically annotated otherwise and may therefore be used freely by the public. Contact Addresses: Paula Dunbar National Geophysical Data Center E/GC 325 Broadway Boulder, CO, 80305-3328, U.S.A. telephone: (303) 497 6084 email: Paula.Dunbar@noaa.gov Online: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/seg/hazard/tsuintro.shtml (see also, references, http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/seg/hazard/tsuref.shtml) Attribute Information [original attribute field names in brackets]: Runup country location [COUNTRY] -- Country location of tsunami runup Runup location [LOCATION] -- Location of tsunami runup Runup height (m) [RUNUNP_HT_M] -- Height of runup, in meters above mean sea level (note that some data points might not have used mean sea level as reference point) Year [YEAR] -- Year of tsunami origin (dates and times are in Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) if Year, Month, and Day fields are complete; otherwise, they reflect local dates and times) Month [MONTH] -- Month of tsunami origin (dates and times are in Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) if Year, Month, and Day fields are complete; otherwise, they reflect local dates and times) Day [DAY] -- Day of tsunami origin (dates and times are in Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) if Year, Month, and Day fields are complete; otherwise, they reflect local dates and times) Number of deaths [NUM_DEATHS] -- Number of deaths from tsunami (may also include deaths from earthquake that triggered tsunami) Latitude [LATITUDE] -- Latitude where tsunami effect was observed or recorded, in decimal degrees; minus sign ('-') indicates south latitude Longitude [LONGITUDE] -- Longitude where tsunami effect was observed or recorded, in decimal degrees; minus sign ('-') indicates west longitude Period in minutes [PERIOD_MIN] -- Time taken by tsunami to complete period of first cycle, in minutes First movement [FIRST_MTN] -- First motion of wave, whether rise ('R'), fall ('F'), or 'Unknown' Description [DESCRIPTIO] -- 'Observed' indicates runup height was not known; 'Questionable' indicates an uncertain runup height; 'Unknown' indicates no recorded description ======================================================================== UTILITIES Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); derived from National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) data Date: In press [anticipated publication date, Fall 2002]; derived from 1997 NIMA data Title: Global GIS Database: Digital Atlas of the Earth Publication Reference: Hare, Trent, Hearn, Paul, Jr., and Schruben, Paul, in press [anticipated publication date, Fall 2002], Global GIS Database: Digital Atlas of the Earth: U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series DDS-62-H (DVD-ROM). Abstract: The Global GIS Database was derived from National Imagery and Mapping Agency's (NIMA) Vector Map Level 0 (VMAP0) database (Digital Chart of the World, 3d ed.). The following is quoted directly from USGS's Global GIS Database website (and published CD-ROMs): "The Vector Map (VMap) Level 0 database represents the third edition of the Digital Chart of the World. VMap Level 0 is a comprehensive 1:1,000,000 scale vector basemap of the world. It consists of cartographic, attribute, and textual data ... . The primary source for the database is the National Imagery and Mapping Agency's (NIMA) Operational Navigation Chart (ONC) series. This is the largest scale unclassified map series in existence that provides consistent, continuous global coverage of essential basemap features." The Operational Navigation Chart (ONC) series was assembled at a scale of 1:1,000,000 from medium- and low-altitude aerial photographs, and the themes were digitized from the photographs. Additional sources enhance the accuracy of the dataset. Supplemental Information: Utilities from each country were merged together in ArcInfo. Data quality varies. For example, data are missing for countries where data do exist. In addition, the data are derived from aerial photographs, and they often reflect what pilots consider to be important for navigation. Although the "Global GIS Database: Digital Atlas of the Earth" DVD-ROM publication (DDS-62-H) is at present [Summer 2002] still "in press," the USGS has published CD-ROMs in the "Global GIS Database" series for three areas in the Circum-Pacific region (all are available from U.S. Geological Survey; see below for address): DDS-62-A, Digital Atlas of Central and South America (Hearn and others, 2000); DDS-62-C, Digital Atlas of South Asia (Hearn and others, 2001); and DDS-62-D, Digital Atlas of South Pacific (Hearn and others, 2001). Access Constraints: None Use Constraints: The following is quoted directly from USGS's Global GIS Database website (and published CD-ROMs): "Cite National Imagery and Mapping Agency" Contact Address: National Imagery and Mapping Agency Attn: COS, MA-A30 8613 Lee Highway Fairfax, VA, 22031-2137, U.S.A. CD-ROMs and DVD-ROM available from: U.S. Geological Survey Information Services BOX 25286, MS 306 Denver, CO, 80225-0046, U.S.A. telephone: (888) ASK-USGS or (888) 275-8747 Online: http://webgis.wr.usgs.gov/globalgis/ http://164.214.2.59/publications/vmap0.html http://www.nima.mil/publications/specs/printed/DCW/dcw.html Attribute Information [original attribute field name in brackets]: Utility type [UTILITY] -- Type of utility ('Buried Pipeline,' 'Pipeline (above ground),' and 'Power Line') ======================================================================== VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS Originator: National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) Date: 2000 Title: National Geophysical Data Center Worldwide Volcano Database Abstract: Online, searchable database of historical volcanic eruptions rated using the VEI, Volcanic Explosivity Index. The Volcanic Explosive Index (VEI) was defined by Newhall and Self in a paper in the Journal of Geophysical Research. The National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) compiled volcano data from several present and historical records (79 A.D. to Spring 2000 A.D.). Supplemental Information: Volcano data only includes known historical eruptions; some unknown (or unrecorded) eruptions might not be listed. This database contains data on known eruptions from 186 A.D. to Spring 2000 A.D. In the "VOL_NAME" field (now called "Volcano name"), the Crowding the Rim GIS Development team removed spaces and and replaced the spaces with underscores '_'. Access Constraints: None Use Constraints: As required by U.S. Copyright Statute Title 17 Section 403 (17 U.S.C. 403), third parties producing copyrighted works consisting predominantly of the material produced by U.S. Government agencies must provide notice with such work(s) identifying the U.S. Government material incorporated and stating that such material is not subject to copyright protection. The information on U.S. Government web pages are in the public domain unless specifically annotated otherwise and may therefore be used freely by the public. Contact Addresses: Lowell Whiteside National Geophysical Data Center E/GC 325 Broadway Boulder, CO, 80305-3328, U.S.A. telephone: (303) 497 6477 email: low@ngdc.noaa.gov Paula Dunbar National Geophysical Data Center E/GC 325 Broadway Boulder, CO, 80305-3328, U.S.A. telephone: (303) 497 6084 email: Paula.Dunbar@noaa.gov Online: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/seg/hazard/volcano.shtml (see also, references, http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/seg/hazard/vol_ref.shtml) Attribute Information [original attribute field names in brackets]: Volcano name [VOL_NAME] -- Name of volcano Location [LOCATION] -- Location of volcano Magnitude [MAGNITUDE] -- Explosion intensity during eruption ('0,' lowest magnitude; '8,' highest) Year [YEAR] -- Year of volcanic eruption Month [MONTH] -- Month of volcanic eruption Day [DAY] -- Day of month of volcanic eruption Latitude [LATITUDE] -- Latitude of volcano, in decimal degrees; minus sign ('-') indicates south latitude Longitude [LONGITUDE] -- Longitude of volcano, in decimal degrees; minus sign ('-') indicates west longitude ======================================================================== VOLCANOES - ACTIVE IN LAST 10,000 YEARS Originator: Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian Institution. Digitally compiled by Tom Simkin and Lee Siebert from their publication "Volcanoes of the World." Date: 1994 Title: Volcanoes of the World Publication Reference: Simkin, T., and Siebert, L., 1994, Volcanoes of the World, 2d ed.: Geoscience Press, in association with the Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program, Tucson, AZ, 368 p., 33 illustrations, 50 color maps [out of print]. Abstract: The dataset was adapted from the above Simkin and Siebert book and is presented digitally by the Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program. It is a collection of information by Smithsonian Institution volcanologists summarizing 1,511 volcanoes active in the last 10,000 years. Supplemental Information: Attributes that did not have attribute values were assigned 'Unknown' or 'N/A' values. With few exceptions, the Crowding the Rim GIS Development team used the names listed by the compilers of the Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World (CAVW), the contributors to the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI) post-Miocene data sheets, and individual volcanologists reporting on additional volcanoes. Access Constraints: None Use Constraints: Please acknowledge "Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program" as the data source in any disseminated use of the data file. Also, they would appreciate a copy of whatever published work results from use of the data. Contact Addresses: Lee Siebert Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program Natural History Bldg., Rm. E-503A Washington, DC, 20560-0119, U.S.A. telephone: (202) 357 3041 fax: (202) 357 2476 email: siebert@volcano.si.edu Tom Simkin Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program Natural History Bldg., Rm. E-503A Washington, DC, 20560-0119, U.S.A. telephone: (202) 357 2786 email: simkin@nmnh.si.edu Online: http://www.nmnh.si.edu/gvp/volcano/index.htm Attribute Information [original attribute field names in brackets]: Volcano name [NAME] -- Name of volcano Location [LOCATION] -- Region of volcano Elevation [ELEVATION] -- Elevation above or below mean sea level, in meters; minus sign ('-') indicates elevation below sea level Type [TYPE] -- Type of volcano Status [STATUS] -- Reason for including in database Last activity [LAST_ACTIV] -- Time period of most recent activity Latitude [LATITUDE] -- Latitude of volcano, in decimal degrees; minus sign ('-') indicates south latitude Longitude [LONGITUDE] -- Longitude of volcano, in decimal degrees; minus sign ('-') indicates west longitude ======================================================================= WATER Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Date: 2002 Title: Water Abstract: This is a background theme for display purposes only and contains no georeferenced data. Access Constraints: None Use Constraints: Data is considered public information and may be distributed or copied. Use of appropriate byline/photo/image credit is requested. U.S. Geological Survey provides no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Contact Address: David G. Howell U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park, CA, 94025, U.S.A.