Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+)

<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:st1="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> <head> <meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> <meta name=ProgId content=Word.Document> <meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 11"> <meta name=Originator content="Microsoft Word 11"> <link rel=File-List href="geo_dd_met_files/filelist.xml"> <link rel=Edit-Time-Data href="geo_dd_met_files/editdata.mso">  <title>Russian 1:200,000 Scale Topographic Maps, Geographic coordinates</title> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="date"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="stockticker"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="phone"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="Street"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="address"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="country-region"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="State"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="City"/>  <style>  </style>  <link rel=schema.dc href="http://purl.org/metadata/dublin_core"> <meta name=dc.title content="Russian 1:200,000 Scale Topographic Maps, Geographic coordinates "> <meta name=dc.creator content="USGS "> <meta name=dc.subject content="Russian topographic maps Afghanistan Soviet General Staff "> <meta name=dc.description content="This data set contains a seamless, digital, topographic map base for the country of Afghanistan as derived from scanned Soviet General Staff topographic map sheets at 1:200,000 scale. "> <meta name=dc.publisher content="US Geological Survey"> <meta name=dc.date content=2005> <meta name=dc.type content="data.raster digital data"> <meta name=dc.identifier content="\\GDMAP270-2\C$\TOPOS\GEO_DD\200KTOPO_2920_6000_GEO_DD.tif"> <meta name=dc.source content="Downloadable Data"> <meta name=dc.lang content=en> <meta name=dc.coverage.x.min scheme=DD content=59.999851> <meta name=dc.coverage.x.max scheme=DD content=60.999873> <meta name=dc.coverage.y.min scheme=DD content=29.333473> <meta name=dc.coverage.y.max scheme=DD content=30.000155> <meta name=dc.coverage.placeName content=Afghanistan> <meta name=dc.rights content="Access constraints: This data is in the public domain, but users of this data set should reference USGS Data Series 245 for attribution.; Use constraints: Uses of the topographic map data contained in this publication should be relative to the 1:200,000 scale of the source data.">  </head> <body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=blue style='tab-interval:.5in'> <div class=Section1> Soviet 1:200,000 Scale Digital Raster Topographic Maps, Projected in Geographic Coordinates<o:p></o:p> Metadata also available as <h2>Metadata:</h2> <ul type=disc> <li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#1">Identification_Information</a></li> <li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#2">Data_Quality_Information</a></li> <li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#3">Spatial_Data_Organization_Information</a></li> <li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#4">Spatial_Reference_Information</a></li> <li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#5">Entity_and_Attribute_Information</a></li> <li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#6">Distribution_Information</a></li> <li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#7">Metadata_Reference_Information</a></li> </ul> <div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><a name=1></a> <hr size=2 width="100%" align=center> </div> Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS Publication_Date: 2005 Title: Soviet 1:200,000 Scale Digital Raster Topographic Maps, Projected in Geographic Coordinates Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: USGS Data Series 131 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Reston</st1:City>, <st1:State w:st="on">VA</st1:State></st1:place> Publisher: USGS Online_Linkage: Description: Abstract: This data set contains a seamless, digital, topographic map base for the country of <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Afghanistan</st1:country-region></st1:place> as derived from scanned Soviet General Staff topographic map sheets at 1:200,000 scale. Purpose: The purpose of the dataset is to form a functional and consistent digital topographic map base to support the USGS and USAID natural resource assessments for the country of <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Afghanistan</st1:place></st1:country-region>. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1985 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1991 Status: Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: 60.000000 East_Bounding_Coordinate: 75.000000 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.400000 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.200000 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword: Russian Theme_Keyword: topographic maps Theme_Keyword: <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Afghanistan</st1:place></st1:country-region> Theme_Keyword: Soviet General Staff Place: Place_Keyword: <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Afghanistan</st1:place></st1:country-region> Access_Constraints: This data is in the public domain, but users of this data set should reference USGS Data Series ##### for attribution. Use_Constraints: Uses of the topographic map data contained in this publication should be relative to the 1:200,000 scale of the source data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Peter G. Chirico Contact_Organization: US Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: <st1:Street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">12201 Sunrise Valley Drive</st1:address></st1:Street> Address: <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">National Center</st1:City>, <st1:State w:st="on">MS</st1:State></st1:place> 926A City: <st1:place w:st="on">Reston</st1:place> State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 20192 Country: <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">USA</st1:place></st1:country-region> Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: <st1:phone o:ls="trans" phonenumber="$6648$$$" w:st="on">703-648-6953</st1:phone> Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pchirico@usgs.gov Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 <div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><a name=2></a> <hr size=2 width="100%" align=center> </div> Data_Quality_Information: Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The USGS is not the original producer of the topographic map but has verified that they are accurate to within 1/50 of an inch and are consistent with topographic maps produced at 1:200,000 scale. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Scale_Denominator: 200000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Process_Step: Process_Description: Using a large format scanner, each map was scanned at 300 dots per inch (dpi) resolution and 24 bit color depth. Each image was then resampled to an 8 bit .jpeg file with an associated color lookup table for features corresponding to the colors present on the original maps. The maps were then geographically registered into their respective projection. For maps falling within Zone 41, Longitude range 60° - 66°E, the Projection parameters are: Projection: Gauss-Kruger, Datum: Pulkovo 1942, Spheroid: Krasovsky, Scale Factor at Central Meridian: 1.0, Longitude of Central Meridian: 63° 0 0.00, Latitude of Origin of Projection: 0 0 0.00, False Easting: 11500000, False Northing: 0. For maps falling within Zone 42, Longitude range, 66° - 72°E, the Projection parameters are: Projection: Gauss-Kruger, Datum: Pulkovo 1942, Spheroid: Krasovsky, Scale Factor at Central Meridian: 1.0, Longitude of Central Meridian: 69° 0 0.00, Latitude of Origin of Projection: 0 0 0.00, False Easting: 12500000, False Northing: 0. For maps falling within Zone 43, Longitude range 72° - 78°E, the Projection paramaters are: Projection: Gauss-Kruger, Datum: Pulkovo 1942, Spheroid: Krasovsky, Scale Factor at Central Meridian: 1.0, Longitude of Central Meridian: 75° 0 0.00, Latitude of Origin of Projection: 0 0 0.00, False Easting: 13500000, False Northing: 0. Using Erdas Imagine's batch projection utility, the maps were reprojected into Geographic, Decimal Degrees format. The resulting Erdas Imagine files (.img), were then imported into PCI's Geomatica Focus module. Within PCI's Focus module, a shapefile, in the same projection, was used to delineate quadrangle boundaries to clip map collars from the topographic information. The resulting clipped images were then exported as .tif files. Subsets of data were created for UTM Zones 41, 42 and 43 by using PCI's Geomatica Focus module. The reprojection utility was used to reproject the images from Geographic, Decimal Degrees format into the respective UTM Zone coordinates. A shapefile, projected in the appropriate UTM Zone, was used to delineate quadrangle boundaries to re-clip NoData values from the edges of the projected raster data. The resulting clipped images were exported as .tif files. Process_Date: 2005 <div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><a name=3></a> <hr size=2 width="100%" align=center> </div> Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 4024 Column_Count: 6036 Vertical_Count: 1 <div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><a name=4></a> <hr size=2 width="100%" align=center> </div> Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Planar: Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000166 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000166 Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 <div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><a name=5></a> <hr size=2 width="100%" align=center> </div> Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: ObjectID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Value Attribute: Attribute_Label: Red Attribute: Attribute_Label: Green Attribute: Attribute_Label: Blue <div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><a name=6></a> <hr size=2 width="100%" align=center> </div> Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Peter G. Chirico Contact_Organization: US Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: <st1:Street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">12201 Sunrise Valley Drive</st1:address></st1:Street> Address: <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">National Center</st1:City>, <st1:State w:st="on">MS</st1:State></st1:place> 926A City: <st1:place w:st="on">Reston</st1:place> State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 20192 Country: <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">USA</st1:place></st1:country-region> Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 703-648-6953 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pchirico@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Transfer_Size: 23.197 <div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><a name=7></a> <hr size=2 width="100%" align=center> </div> Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20050617 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: US Geological Survey Contact_Person: Peter G. Chirico Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: <st1:Street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">12201 Sunrise Valley Drive</st1:address></st1:Street> Address: <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">National Center</st1:City>, <st1:State w:st="on">MS</st1:State></st1:place> 926A City: <st1:place w:st="on">Reston</st1:place> State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 20192 Country: <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">USA</st1:place></st1:country-region> Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 703-648-6953 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pchirico@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-<st1:stockticker w:st="on">STD</st1:stockticker>-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: time Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: <a href="http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html"><http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html></a> Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile <div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'> <hr size=2 width="100%" align=center> </div> Generated by <a href="http://geology.usgs.gov/tools/metadata/tools/doc/mp.html"><tt>mp</tt></a> version 2.8.6 on Fri <st1:date Year="11" Day="17" Month="6" ls="trans" w:st="on">Jun 17 11</st1:date>:25:04 2005 </div> </body> </html> 2007021516101200FALSE20070215161043002007021516104300{F43B7C46-C11D-4DA8-9F82-162A2B0E9478}The calibration of the Landsat ETM+ maps produced by Davis (2006) are relative reflectance and need to be "grounded" with ground reflectance data, but the difficulties in performing field work in Afghanistan precluded ground reflectance surveys. For natural color calibration, which only involves the blue, green, and red wavelength bands of Landsat, we could use ground photographs, Munsell color readings of ground surfaces, or another image base that accurately depicts the surface color. Ground photography is the least reliable of these three approaches. On four separate field trips to the north-central part of Afghanistan, we acquired ground photographs and Munsell color readings for a variety of ground surfaces, but the field areas did not include the wide range of surface colors found in Afghanistan, especially the desert areas. Therefore, we had to supplement our ground color-sample data with a less direct source of color information.Davis, P. A., 2006, Calibrated Landsat ETM+ nonthermal-band image mosaics of Afghanistan. U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 2006-1345, 18 p.2006042513444400Phil DavisUSGSScientistmailing address

2255 North Gemini Drive

FlagstaffAZ86001USApdavis@usgs.govKalluri, S., Grant, D., Tucker, C., Policelli, F., Dykstra, J., and Bearden, P., 2000, NASA creates global archive of ortho-rectified Landsat data. EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 81, no. 50, p. 609, 617-618.Escadafal, R., Girard, M.-C., and Courault, D., 1989, Munsell soil color and soil reflectance in the visible spectral bands of Landsat MSS and TM data. Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 27, p. 37-46.Goddard, E. N., Trask, P. D., De Ford, R. K., Rove, O. N., Singewald, J. T., and Overbeck, R. M., 1980, GSA Rock Color Chart, Munsell Corporation, 115 color chips,16 p.Munsell Color, 2000, Munsell Soil Color Chart, Baltimore, Maryland, 322 color chips, 22 p.ENVI 4.x and ArcMap 9.x2005-2007Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) USGS and NASA LandSat Program2001http://www.usgs.gov28.5-m spatial resolutionCD-ROM19992001ground conditionLandSat ETM+USGS and NASA LandSat ProgramThe MODIS (Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) satellite collects 36 spectral images at relatively low resolution (250 m to 1 km per picture element), but the instrument's spectral bands allow accurate atmospheric corrections. The MODIS science team has provided ground-calibration sites that allow the sensor data to be calibrated to ground reflectance. The MODIS science team has prepared "true color" image mosaics for many countries in the world, including Afghanistan, and these are posted on www.truecolorearth.com website by WeatherStreet.com. We obtained the "true color" image mosaic for Afghanistan from this website and registered the image to our Landsat image mosaic so we could determine the correspondence of the blue, green, and red band digital values in the Landsat mosaic with their respective color values in the MODIS "true color" mosaic. The relation between Landsat band value and MODIS color value is best modeled with a third-order polynomial, which we have also observed in "true color" calibrations for IKONOS satellite data. Previous studies have found a linear relation between surface reflectance values of Landsat visible bands and Munsell red, green, and blue values for various surfaces (Escadafal et al., 1989), but the surface reflectance values used in that study did not exceed 40 percent (a digital value of 102 in our Landsat dataset), which is near the change from the linear trend at lower reflectance to a third-order polynomial at higher reflectance. In addition, closer examination of the data collected by Escadafal et al. (1989) shows that their reflectance-Munsell "linear" relation becomes less distinct with increasing reflectance and may actually be better modeled by a second- or third-order polynomial. Our field studies were conducted after our Landsat-to-MODIS calibration was performed. During our field work, we recorded Munsell colors (Munsell Color, 1975; Goddard et al., 1995) for more than 100 rock and soil surfaces. The field work was not intended for this purpose, nor could field work be conducted in many parts of Afghanistan, so our Munsell color samples do not cover the wide range of colors that exist within Afghanistan. We extracted the blue, green, and red digital values from the MODIS-calibrated Landsat data for the sites that we sampled in the field. We converted the sample Munsell values to blue, green, and red values using a Munsell conversion program (http://colorpro.com/info/software/munsell.htm). The relations between the MODIS-calibrated Landsat blue, green, and red image values and those values derived from the Munsell samples. The red and green values correspond quite well, but the blue values in the MODIS-calibrated Landsat data are lower than that of the ground-surface Munsell values. We performed a linear least-squares regression analysis on the set of blue values and applied the resulting equation to the Landsat blue-band data and displayed it with the MODIS-calibrated Landsat green- and red-band data. The resulting color-composite image had too much red in many areas of Afghanistan. Therefore, we applied a transformation that is halfway between the MODIS calibration and the Munsell calibration, which produced much better results. This hybrid calibration replaced the subtle green tint in the MODIS-calibrated images of the alluvium and deserts with more realistic shades of gray, yellow, and red and its colors also more closely correspond to the colors of the rock outcrops that we sampled and photographed during our field studies in the Khamard district of the Bamian Province.We applied the hybrid MODIS-Munsell natural-color transform to the Landsat 28.5-m and 14.25-m image data that were produced as 1º x 2º map-tile mosaics in UTM projection by Davis (2006). The resulting natural-color map tiles were then reprojected to the WGS84 geographic reference system using a second-order polynomial transformation and over 5,000 grid control points for the 28.5-m data and over 20,000 grid control points for the 14.25-m data in order to retain the 50-m positional accuracy of each dataset. Each map tile overlaps adjacent tiles by at least 100 picture elements. The digital map files begin with the map tile name, which starts with the letter "Q" (for quadrangle) and four digits that designate the lower-left corner latitude and longitude coordinates of the 1º x 2º map tile (as shown in Figure 5). The map tile index is followed by the map's resolution and coordinate system (UTM for Universal Transverse Mercator or GEOG for WGS84 geographic coordinates) and the designation "NC" for natural color. The following shows the two filename examples for map tile Q3460 from this Data Series publication. Q3460_14m_UTM_NC.tif Q3460_28m_GEOG_NC.tif All of the 28.5-m and 14.25-m map tiles for Afghanistan (in both UTM projection and WGS84 geographic reference system) are stored as lossless-compressed, embedded geotiff files (with associated world files). The files can be downloaded from http://gisdata.usgs.net/website/afghan. Only the 14.25-m UTM and 28.5-m WGS84 geographic Geotiff data sets are available on this Data Series publication to decrease the number of DVDs needed.The 50 images in this published set are natural color renditions of the calibrated 6-band Landsat 7 ETM+ mosaics.For natural color calibration, which only involves the blue, green, and red wavelength bands of Landsat, we could use ground photographs, Munsell color readings of ground surfaces, or another image base that accurately depicts the surface color. All areas have been completed.The map tiles retained the original 28.5-m spatial resolution and were constructed from orthorectified Landsat scenes that have a positional accuracy of 50 meters.Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.1.0.722enThe 50 images in this published set are natural color renditions (Landsat bands 3, 2, 1) of the calibrated 6-band Landsat 7 ETM+ mosaics. We applied the hybrid MODIS-Munsell natural-color transform to the Landsat 28.5-m image data that were produced as 1º x 2º map-tile mosaics by Davis (2006).The purpose of the dataset is to form a functional and consistent digital natural color image base to support the USGS and USAID natural resource assessments for the country of Afghanistan. Reference: Davis, P. A., 2006, Calibrated Landsat ETM+ nonthermal-band image mosaics of Afghanistan. U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 2006-1345, 18 p.Q3672_14m_UTM_NC.tifQ3672_14m_UTM_NC.tifremote-sensing imageNatural-Color Image Mosaics of Afghanistan: Digital Databases and MapsData Series 245Suggested citation: Davis, P.A., and Hare, T.M., 2007, Natural-color image mosaics of Afghanistan; digital databases and maps: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 245. [available on the World Wide Web at URL http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2007/245/ ] 2007U.S. Geological Survey Denver Federal Center2006Calibrated Landsat ETM+ nonthermal-band image mosaics of AfghanistanDavis, P. A., 2006, Calibrated Landsat ETM+ nonthermal-band image mosaics of Afghanistan. U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 2006-1345, 18 p.Davis, P.A.Calibrated Landsat ETM+ nonthermal-band image mosaics of AfghanistanOpen-File Report 2006-1345 U.S. Geological SurveyDenver Federal Centerhttp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1345/remote-sensing imageDavis, P.A.\\IGSWZAWGWSAG091\I\GIS_E\afghan\afghan_dds\USGS_DS245_AFGHAN_Product_Num_036\UTM_Z43_14M\Q3672_14m_UTM_NC.tif\\IGSWZAWGWSAG091\I\GIS_E\afghan\afghan_dds\USGS_DS245_AFGHAN_Product_Num_036\UTM_Z43_14M\Q3672_14m_UTM_NC.tifHare, T.M.DS 245, version 1.0\\IGSWZAWGWSAG091\I\GIS_E\afghan\afghan_dds\USGS_DS245_AFGHAN_Product_Num_036\UTM_Z43_14M\Q3672_14m_UTM_NC.tifground condition19992001CompleteAs needed71.94470974.02895237.04659635.953224228156.750000412466.2500003982960.5000004100494.500000NASALandsat 7ETM+ScenePathOrthorectifiedNatural ColorRasterBands 3, 2, 1 = R,G,BAfghanistanUSGSThis data is in the public domain, but users of this data set should reference the USGS Data Series number. noneRaster DatasetTrent HareU.S. Geologic SurveyIT/GIS Specialistmailing address

2255 North Gemini Drive

FlagstaffAZ86001USA928-556-7126928-556-7014thare@usgs.govUnited States Geological SurveyU.S. Geological Survey2006Calibrated Landsat ETM+ nonthermal-band image mosaics of Afghanistaremote-sensing imagehttp://www.usgs.govSouth DakotaUSGSDavis, P. A. U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 2006-1345, 18 pUnclassifiedMicrosoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.1.0.722Q3672_14m_UTM_NC.tif228156.75412466.254100494.53982960.5171.94470974.02895237.04659635.9532241enFGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial MetadataFGDC-STD-001-1998local timemailing addressFlagstaffAZ86001

2255 North Gemini Drive

USA928-556-7126Trent HareU.S. Geological Surveythare@usgs.govIT/GIS Specialist20070215http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.htmlESRI Metadata ProfileISO 19115 Geographic Information - MetadataDIS_ESRI1.0datasetUSGS Digital Series (DS) Publication0.0000.000TIFFGeoTiffno compression appliedhttp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/http://gisdata.usgs.net/website/afghanDVD-ROMISO/UDFPlease visit http://pubs.usgs.gov/of , http://gisdata.usgs.net/website/afghan , or call 1-888-ask-usgs1-888-ask-usgscustserv@usgs.govU.S. Geologic SurveyUSGS Earth Science Information Centernonehttp://www.usgs.gov http://gisdata.usgs.net/website/afghanThese are georeferenced Tiffs (GeoTiffs) and is best used in remote sensing or GIS application. Although simple image processing applications should work.2007002file://\\IGSWZAWGWSAG091\I\GIS_E\afghan\afghan_dds\USGS_DS245_AFGHAN_Product_Num_036\UTM_Z43_14M\Q3672_14m_UTM_NC.tifLocal Area Network0.000Raster DatasetRasterPixel82481293414.25000014.25000081Upper LeftFALSENone3pixel codesFALSETIFFGCS_WGS_1984WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_43ND_WGS_1984WGS_19846378137.000000298.257224row and columnmeters14.25000014.250000Universal Transverse Mercator430.99960075.0000000.000000500000.0000000.000000WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_43N211293414.25Meter1 Meter = 1 Meter(s)824814.25Meter1 Meter = 1 Meter(s)20070215