remote-sensing image U. S. Geological SurveyUnpublished MaterialUnknownfirstData Series390FISC Saint PetersburgU. S. Geological Survey A bare earth elevation map (also known as a Digital Elevation Model or DEM) of the Vicksburg National Military Park in Mississippi was produced from remotely-sensed, geographically-referenced elevation measurements in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Park Service (NPS), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Elevation measurements were collected over the area using the NASA Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL), a pulsed laser ranging system mounted onboard an aircraft to measure ground elevation, vegetation canopy, and coastal topography. The system uses high frequency laser beams directed at the earth's surface through an opening in the bottom of the aircraft's fuselage. The laser system records the time difference between emission of the laser beam and the reception of the reflected laser signal in the aircraft. The plane travels over the target area at approximately 50 meters per second at an elevation of approximately 300 meters. The EAARL, developed by NASA at Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia, measures ground elevation with a vertical resolution of 15 centimeters. A sampling rate of 3 kHz or higher results in an extremely dense spatial elevation data set. Over 100 kilometers of coastline can be easily surveyed within a 3- to 4-hour mission time period. When subsequent elevation maps for an area are analyzed, they provide a useful tool to make management decisions regarding land development. The purpose of this project was to produce a highly detailed and accurate bare earth digital elevation map of the Vicksburg National Military Park in Mississippi for use as a management tool and to make this map available to natural resource managers and research scientists. Raw lidar data is not in a format that is generally usable by Park Service resource managers and scientists for scientific analysis. Converting dense lidar elevation data into a readily usable format without loss of essential information requires specialized processing. The U. S. Geological Survey's Coastal and Marine Geology (CMG) Program has developed custom software to convert raw lidar data into a GIS compatible map product to be provided to GIS specialists, managers, and scientists. The primary tool used in the conversion process is Airborne Lidar Processing System (ALPS), a multi-tiered processing system developed by a USGS/NASA collaborative project. Specialized processing algorithms are used to convert raw waveform lidar data acquired by the EAARL to georeferenced spot (x,y,z) returns for "first surface" and "bare earth" topography. These data are then converted to the North American Datum of 1983 and the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (using the Geoid 03 model). Each file contains data located in a 2 km by 2 km tile where the upper left bound can be quickly assessed through the file name. The first 3 numbers in the filename represent the left most UTM easting coordinate (e###000) in meters, the next 4 numbers represent the top most UTM northing coordinate (n####000) in meters, and the last 2 numbers (##) represent the UTM zone the tile is located in (ex. fs_e386_n2400_16). The development of custom software for creating these data products has been supported by the USGS CMG Program's 'Decision Support for Coastal Parks, Sanctuaries, and Preserves' project. Processed data products are used by the USGS CMG Program's 'National Assessments of Coastal Change Hazards Project' to quantify the vulnerability of shorelines to coastal change hazards such as severe storms, sea-level rise, and shoreline erosion and retreat. en 20080306 ground condition Complete Irregular 706000 704000 3584000 3582000 Advanced Lidar Processing System ALPShttp://remotesensing.usgs.govDigital Elevation ModelDEMEAARLExperimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidarlaser altimetryLIDARremote sensingtopography http://nationalmap.govVicksburg National Military ParkVicksburgMississippi http://lidar.cr.usgs.gov/Bare Earthhttp://www.esri.com/news/arcuser/1104/temporal.html2008 Any use of these data signifies a user's agreement to comprehension and compliance of the U.S. Geological Survey Standard Disclaimer. Ensure all portions of metadata are read and clearly understood before using these data in order to protect both the user and the U.S. Geological Survey's interests. See section 6.3 Distribution Liability. Although the U.S. Geological Survey is making these datasets available to others who may find the data of value, the U.S. Geological Survey does not warrant, endorse, or recommend the use of this data for any given purpose. The user assumes the entire risk related to the use of these data. mailing and physical address

600 4th Street South

Saint Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727 803-8747 ext3026 Monday-Friday, 8-5, EST Amar Nayegandhi or John Brock at USGSJacobs Technology, contracted to USGSanayegandhi@usgs.gov727-803-2031Computer Scientist The U. S. Geological Survey is providing these data "as is", and the U. S. Geological Survey disclaims any and all warranties, whether expressed or implied, including (without limitation) any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. In no event will the U. S. Geological Survey be liable to you or to any third party for any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, special, or exemplary damages or lost profits resulting from any use or misuse of these data. Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey, Florida Integrated Science Center as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgement as is standad for citation and legal practices for data source is expected by users of this data. Sharing new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U. S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other data sets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photo interpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such. Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.2.1350 Raster Dataset unclassifiedUnclassifiednone The expected accuracy of the measured variables are as follows: attitude within 0.07 degree, 3-cm nominal ranging accuracy, and vertical elevation accuracy of +/-15 cm for the topographic surface. Quality checks are built into the data-processing software. Raw elevation measurements have been determined to be within 1 meter horizontal accuracy. Elevations are vertically consistent with the point elevation data, +/-15 cm. The data are collected using a Cessna 310 aircraft. The NASA Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) laser scanner collects the data using a green (532nm) raster scanning laser, while a digital camera acquires a visual record of the flight. The data are stored on hard drives and archived at the USGS office in St. Petersburg and the NASA office at Wallops Flight Facility. The navigational data are processed at Wallops Flight Facility. The navigational and raw data are then downloaded into the Airborne Lidar Processing System (ALPS). Data are converted from units of time to x,y,z points for elevation. The derived surface data can then be converted into raster data (geotiffs). Airborne Lidar Processing System 20080306 through 20080716U. S. Geological Survey, FISC St. Petersburgmailing and physical address

600 4trh Street S

Saint PetersburgFL33701USA727.803.8747 U. S .Geoloigcal SurveyUnpublished MaterialUnknownfirstremote-sensing imageData Series390FISC St. PetersburgU. S. Geological Survey1Point elevation measurements collected by the EAARL sensor.20080306ground conditionnonenone unknownSeveral regions of the dataset are labeled as "No Data", which corresponds to a cell value of -32767 m in the XYZ file. These "No Data" areas are a result of the survey not covering a particular region, or the manual removal of lidar processing artifacts. Tiling Index Raster Pixel 2001 2001 1 3 32 FALSE None pixel RGB Upper Left FALSE 1.000000 meters 1.000000 meters -32767XYZ row and column 1.000000 1.000000 meters Universal Transverse Mercator North American Datum of 1983 Geodetic Reference System 80 6378137.000000 298.257222 GCS_North_American_1983 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 15 cm meters Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates The variables measured by EAARL are: distance between aircraft and GPS satellites (m), attitude information (roll, pitch, heading in degrees), scan angle (degrees), second of the epoch (sec), and 1-ns time-resolved return intensity waveform (digital counts). Z value is referenced to orthometric elevations derived from National Geodetic Survey Geoid Model, Geoid03. This raster represents LIDAR-derived elevations. XYZ grid encoded with a 1 meter resolution. mailing and physical address

600 4th Street South

Saint Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727-803-8747 U. S. Geological Survey, FISC St. PetersburgProject ManagerProject ManagerM-F 8:30-5:00 EST DS-390 The U. S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. These data and related graphics are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such. The information contained in these data is dynamic and may change over time. The data are not better than the original sources from which they were derived. It is the responsibility of the data user to use the data appropriately and consistent within the limitations of geospatial data in general and these data in particular. The related graphics are intended to aid the data user in acquiring relevant data; it is not appropriate to use the related graphics as data. The U. S. Geological Survey gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of these data. It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from a U. S. Geological Survey server and not indirectly through other sources which may have changed the data in some way. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U. S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the utility of the data on another system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data and aggregate use with other data. VaryASCIIXYZDVDDVDcontact USGSVary Contact USGS for Details. 20080306 20080716 mailing and physical address Saint Petersburg FL 33701

600 4th Street South

USA 727-803-8747 Metadata SpecialistUnited States Geological Survey, Center for Coastal and Watershed StudiesMetadata SpecialistM-F 8:00-5:00 EST FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time en http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.htmlESRI Metadata Profile Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.2.1350 -90.810368776133 -90.8320447164481 32.3743647960127 32.3559681052849 1 706000 3584000 3582000 704000 1 0.000 Raster Dataset 20080710 20080716 17034000 20080407 FALSE 12551300 15033700 {1AB15531-8EE0-4167-9A78-7357570F0928} 20080716 dataset ISO 19115 Geographic Information - Metadata DIS_ESRI1.0 2 1 20011Meter1 Meter = 1 Meter(s)20011Meter1 Meter = 1 Meter(s)