Metadata:
  Identification_Information:
    Citation:
      Citation_Information:
        Originator: USGS
        Publication_Date: 2009
        Title:
          Terrestrial Lidar Data of New Orleans, Louisiana Levee Failures
          From Hurricane Katrina, August 29, 2005
        Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital data
        Series_Information:
          Series_Name: Data Series
          Issue_Identification: 470
        Publication_Information:
          Publication_Place: Menlo Park, CA
          Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Western Earth Surface Processes Team
        Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/470/>
        Larger_Work_Citation:
          Citation_Information:
            Originator: Brian D. Collins
            Originator: Robert Kayen
            Originator: Diane Minasian
            Originator: Thomas Reiss
            Publication_Date: 2009
            Title:
              Terrestrial Lidar Data of New Orleans, Louisiana Levee
              Failures From Hurricane Katrina, August 29, 2005
            Edition: 1.0
            Series_Information:
              Series_Name: Data Series
              Issue_Identification: 470
            Publication_Information:
              Publication_Place: Menlo Park, CA
              Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Western Earth Surface Processes Team
            Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/470/
    Description:
      Abstract: Provides topographic point data of levees and surrounding terrain
      Purpose:
        This data set was developed to present topographic point data of the
        post-failure condition of levee failures in New Orleans, Louisiana
        following Hurricane Katrina.  The data sets can be used by engineers,
        scientists, and GIS specialists to inform public officials, policy
        makers, and the general public.
      Supplemental_Information:
        Additional information about the field activities
        from which this data set was derived are available online
        from the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology InfoBank at
        http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/n/no105la/html/n-o1-05-la.meta.html
        and at
        http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/n/no106la/html/n-o1-06-la.meta.html.
    Time_Period_of_Content:
      Time_Period_Information:
        Range_of_Dates/Times:
          Beginning_Date: 20051009
          Ending_Date: 20051013
      Currentness_Reference: ground condition
    Status:
      Progress: complete
      Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
    Spatial_Domain:
      Bounding_Coordinates:
        West_Bounding_Coordinate: -90.124093
        East_Bounding_Coordinate: -89.932038
        North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.037132
        South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.968044
    Keywords:
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
        Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
        Theme_Keyword: USGS
        Theme_Keyword: Western Earth Surface Processes Team
        Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program
        Theme_Keyword: Western Coastal and Marine Geology
        Theme_Keyword: lidar
        Theme_Keyword: levees
        Theme_Keyword: levee failures
        Theme_Keyword: hurricane
        Theme_Keyword: Hurricane Katrina
        Theme_Keyword: storm hazards
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
        Theme_Keyword: elevation
        Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
        Theme_Keyword: oceans
        Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters
        Theme_Keyword: structure
      Place:
        Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
        Place_Keyword: 17th Street Canal
        Place_Keyword: Orleans Canal
        Place_Keyword: London Avenue Canal
        Place_Keyword: Lakefront Airport
        Place_Keyword: Port of New Orleans
        Place_Keyword: New Orleans East
        Place_Keyword: Mississippi River Gulf Outlet
        Place_Keyword: MRGO
        Place_Keyword: Inner Harbor Navigation Canal
        Place_Keyword: IHNC
        Place_Keyword: Industrial Canal
        Place_Keyword: Lower Ninth Ward
      Place:
        Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
        Place_Keyword: Louisiana
        Place_Keyword: New Orleans
    Access_Constraints: None
    Use_Constraints:
      Public domain data from the U.S. government are freely redistributable
      with proper metadata and source atttribution.
      Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as
      the source of this information.

      Some USGS information accessed through this means
      may be preliminary in nature and presented
      without the approval of the Director of the USGS.
      This information is provided with the understanding
      that it is not guaranteed to be correct or complete
      and conclusions drawn from such information
      are the responsibility of the user.

      This information is not intended for navigational
      purposes.
    Point_of_Contact:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Organization_Primary:
          Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
          Contact_Person: Brian D. Collins
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: mailing and physical address
          Address: USGS, Mail Stop 973, 345 Middlefield Road
          City: Menlo Park
          State_or_Province: CA
          Postal_Code: 94025
          Country: USA
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: (650) 329-5466
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bcollins@usgs.gov
    Browse_Graphic:
      Browse_Graphic_File_Name: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/470/
      Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
        Figure 2 shows the lidar data locations.
        Figures 7 through 14 show the data coverage available at each site.
      Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG

  Data_Quality_Information:
    Attribute_Accuracy:
      Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
        Lidar-derived points are accurate to between 11 and 164 centimeters
        depending on the particular data set.
    Logical_Consistency_Report:
      Point data has been visually examined and compared
      to other data sets of the area to assure logical consistency.
    Completeness_Report:
      Ommissions and gaps in data reflect data out of view or range of the
      laser scanner at time of data acquisition.
    Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
        Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
          Lidar-derived points are accurate to between 11 and 164 centimeters,
          measured as three-dimensional error.  This includes 2.5 cm laser
          error, between 7.2 and 16.3 cm registration error, and between 3.1 and
          163.5 cm georeferencing error.
      Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
        Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
          Lidar-derived points are accurate to between 11 and 164 centimeters,
          measured as three-dimensional error.  This includes 2.5 cm laser
          error, between 7.2 and 16.3 cm registration error, and between 3.1 and
          163.5 cm georeferencing error.
    Lineage:
      Process_Step:
        Process_Description:
          The terrestrial lidar data was collected from between 7 and 28 scan
          locations at each site.  Each scan location within a single
          site was registered to a neighboring scan location within the same site
          with overlapping data.  All scan locations were georeferenced to GPS-
          surveyed coordinates from each location that formed visible features
          within the point cloud data.  The data was filtered only for stray
          returns from atmospheric dust, moisture, birds, etc. and anomolouos
          reflections from water.
        Process_Date: 2006-2009
        Process_Contact:
          Contact_Information:
            Contact_Organization_Primary:
              Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
              Contact_Person: Brian D. Collins
            Contact_Address:
              Address_Type: mailing and physical address
              Address: USGS, Mail Stop 973, 345 Middlefield Road
              City: Menlo Park
              State_or_Province: CA
              Postal_Code: 94025
              Country: USA
            Contact_Voice_Telephone: (650) 329-5466
            Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bcollins@usgs.gov

  Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
    Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point
    Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
      SDTS_Terms_Description:
        SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point
        Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 134275229 points describe the full set of points.

  Spatial_Reference_Information:
    Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Planar:
        Grid_Coordinate_System:
          Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
          Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
            UTM_Zone_Number: 15
            Transverse_Mercator:
              Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
              Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -123.00000
              Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.00000
              False_Easting: 0.00000
              False_Northing: 0.00000
        Planar_Coordinate_Information:
          Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
          Coordinate_Representation:
            Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000001
            Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000001
          Planar_Distance_Units: meters
      Planar:
        Grid_Coordinate_System:
          Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
          Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
            UTM_Zone_Number: 16
            Transverse_Mercator:
              Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
              Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -123.00000
              Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.00000
              False_Easting: 0.00000
              False_Northing: 0.00000
        Planar_Coordinate_Information:
          Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
          Coordinate_Representation:
            Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000001
            Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000001
          Planar_Distance_Units: meters
      Geodetic_Model:
        Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83)
        Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
        Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
        Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222
    Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Altitude_System_Definition:
        Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88)
        Altitude_Resolution: 0.000001
        Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
        Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
  Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
    Detailed_Description:
      Entity_Type:
        Entity_Type_Label: Points
        Entity_Type_Definition:
          points are provided for each scan location at
          each site in an individual file.
        Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: X-Coord
        Attribute_Definition: UTM X coordinate of data points
        Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Range_Domain:
            Range_Domain_Minimum: 777339.460000 in UTM Zone 15 and 212739.727000 in UTM Zone 16
            Range_Domain_Maximum: 787837.789000 in UTM Zone 15 and 217239.095000 in UTM Zone 16
            Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters
            Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: Y-Coord
        Attribute_Definition: UTM Y coordinate of data points
        Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Range_Domain:
            Range_Domain_Minimum: 3318891.593000 in UTM Zone 15 and 3322662.927000 in UTM Zone 16
            Range_Domain_Maximum: 3326583.748000 in UTM Zone 15 and 3323708.316000 in UTM Zone 16
            Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters
            Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: Z-Coord
        Attribute_Definition: Elevation Z coordinate of data points
        Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Range_Domain:
            Range_Domain_Minimum: approx. -8.000000
            Range_Domain_Maximum: 99.527000
            Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters
            Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: Red
        Attribute_Definition: Red color value of each point from color sensor
        Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Range_Domain:
            Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
            Range_Domain_Maximum: 255
            Attribute_Units_of_Measure: 8-bit integer color value
            Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: Green
        Attribute_Definition: Green color value of each point from color sensor
        Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Range_Domain:
            Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
            Range_Domain_Maximum: 255
            Attribute_Units_of_Measure: 8-bit integer color value
            Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: Blue
        Attribute_Definition: Blue color value of each point from color sensor
        Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Range_Domain:
            Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
            Range_Domain_Maximum: 255
            Attribute_Units_of_Measure: 8-bit integer color value
            Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: Intensity
        Attribute_Definition: Intensity value of each point from color sensor
        Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Range_Domain:
            Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
            Range_Domain_Maximum: 2999
            Attribute_Units_of_Measure: arbitrary scale factor
            Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1

  Distribution_Information:
    Distributor:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Organization_Primary:
          Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
          Contact_Person: Brian D. Collins
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: mailing and physical address
          Address: USGS, Mail Stop 973, 345 Middlefield Road
          City: Menlo Park
          State_or_Province: CA
          Postal_Code: 94025
          Country: USA
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: (650) 329-5466
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bcollins@usgs.gov
    Distribution_Liability:
      Although this dataset has been used by the U.S. Geological Survey,
      no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS
      as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials.
      The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty,
      and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS
      in the use of these data or related materials.
      Reference made to any specific commercial product, process, or service
      by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise
      does not necessarily constitute or imply
      its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring
      by the United States Government or any agency thereof.

  Metadata_Reference_Information:
    Metadata_Date: 20090623
    Metadata_Contact:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Organization_Primary:
          Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
          Contact_Person: Brian D. Collins
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: mailing and physical address
          Address: USGS, Mail Stop 973, 345 Middlefield Road
          City: Menlo Park
          State_or_Province: CA
          Postal_Code: 94025
          Country: USA
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: (650) 329-5466
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bcollins@usgs.gov
    Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
    Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998