Identification_Information:

  Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.3000

  Description:

    Abstract: This release provides the numerical results of the fractal analyses discussed in Zawada and others. (2010; http://europa.agu.org/?view=article&uri=/journals/gl/gl1014/2010GL043789/2010GL043789.xml&t=zawada) for the Navassa Island reefscape.

    

    Purpose: This release provides the numerical results of the fractal analyses discussed in Zawada and others. (2010; http://europa.agu.org/?view=article&uri=/journals/gl/gl1014/2010GL043789/2010GL043789.xml&t=zawada) for the Navassa Island reefscape.  The project represents the continuation of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) research effort begun in 2006 (Zawada and others., 2006) to understand the patterns and scalability of roughness and topographic complexity from individual corals to complete reefscapes.

    

    Supplemental_Information: Navassa Island reefscape is located approximately 50 km west of the southwestern tip of Haiti.  In 2006, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research conducted the first high-resolution, multibeam bathymetric survey around Navassa Island. A 1-meter spatial resolution digital elevation model (DEM) produced by NOAA served as the dataset. An 881-m x 881-m region off the southwestern coast of Navassa was extracted from the DEM and used to estimate the fractal characteristics of this portion of the seafloor surface.  This approach provides a more comprehensive view of roughness variability over the Navassa Island seascape.



  Citation:

    Citation_Information:

      Originator: U.S. Geological Survey

      Publication_Date: 2010

      Title: Fractal analysis of the Navassa Island seascape

      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: None

      Online_Linkage: TBA

  Time_Period_of_Content:

    Currentness_Reference: No future revsions are planned.

    Time_Period_Information:

      Single_Date/Time:

        Calendar_Date: 2006

  Status:

    Progress: Complete

    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency:  None

  Spatial_Domain:

    Bounding_Coordinates:

      West_Bounding_Coordinate: 75.035343° W

      East_Bounding_Coordinate: 75.023693° W

      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 18.405065° N

      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 18.402580° N

  Keywords:

    Place:

      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

      Place_Keyword: Navassa Island     

    Theme:

      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

      Theme_Keyword: Observation Scale

      Theme_Keyword: Average Elevation Variation

      Theme_Keyword: Fractal Dimension

  Access_Constraints: None

  Use_Constraints:   The U.S. Geological Survey must be acknowledged as originator of these results in future products or derivative research.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

  Metadata_Time_Convention: local time

  Metadata_Contact:

    Contact_Information:

      Contact_Organization_Primary:

        Contact_Person: Dr. David G. Zawada

        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL

      Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer

      Contact_Address:

        Address_Type: mailing and physical address

        Address: 600 4th Street South

        City: St. Petersburg

        State_or_Province: FL

        Postal_Code: 33701

        Country: USA

      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727 803-8747 (x3132)

      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727 803-2031

  Metadata_Date: 2010MMDD

Distribution_Information:

  Distribution_Liability:  This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these results have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of these results on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of these results described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.

  Distributor: 

    Contact_Information:

      Contact_Address: 

        Address_Type: mailing and physical address

        Address: 600 4th Street South

        City: St. Petersburg

        State_or_Province: FL

        Postal_Code: 33701

        Country: USA

      Contact_Person_Primary: 

        Contact_Person: Dr. David G. Zawada

        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL

      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727 803-8747 (x3132)

  Resource_Description: Downloadable Data

  Standard_Order_Process:

    Fees: Vary

    Digital_Form:

      Digital_Transfer_Option: 

        Offline_Option:

          Offline_Media: None

          Recording_Format: Not applicable

      Digital_Transfer_Information:

        Format_Name: netCDF

        Transfer_Size: 642.5 MB

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

  Detailed_Description:

    Entity_Type: 

       	Entity_Type_Label: 2D_variation_results_SouthCoast.nc

       	Entity_Type_Definition: None

       	Entity_Type_Definition_Source: None

    Attribute:

      Attribute_Definition: The series of observation scales used to determine the average variations in elevation extremes.

      Attribute_Definition_Source: Dubuc, B., Zucker, S.W., Tricot, C., Quiniou, J.F., and Wehbi, D., 1989b, Evaluating the fractal dimension of surfaces: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A--Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, v. 425, no. 1868, p. 113-127.

      Attribute_Domain_Values:

      	Range_Domain:

          Range_Domain_Maximum: 216 

          Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 

          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters

      Attribute_Label: eps

    Attribute:

      Attribute_Definition: Row numbers corresponding to the extracted portion of the DEM used to estimate the spatial variability in the fractal dimension of the seafloor surface off the southwestern coast of Navassa Island.

      Attribute_Definition_Source: Zawada, D.G., Piniak, G.A., and Hearn, C.J., 2010, Topographic complexity and roughness of a tropical benthic seascape: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 37, 6 p., accessed October 14, 2010, at http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/gl1014/2010GL043789.

      Attribute_Domain_Values:

      	Range_Domain:

          Range_Domain_Maximum: 881

          Range_Domain_Minimum: 1

          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters

      Attribute_Label: rows      

    Attribute:

      Attribute_Definition: Column numbers corresponding to the extracted portion of the DEM used to estimate the spatial variability in the fractal dimension of the seafloor surface off the southwestern coast of Navassa Island.

      Attribute_Definition_Source: Zawada, D.G., Piniak, G.A., and Hearn, C.J., 2010, Topographic complexity and roughness of a tropical benthic seascape: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 37, 6 p., accessed October 14, 2010, at http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/gl1014/2010GL043789.

      Attribute_Domain_Values:

      	Range_Domain:

          Range_Domain_Maximum: 881

          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters

          Range_Domain_Minimum: 1

      Attribute_Label: columns          

    Attribute:

      Attribute_Definition: Average variations in elevation extremes as a function of the observation scale, eps.

      Attribute_Definition_Source: Dubuc, B., Zucker, S.W., Tricot, C., Quiniou, J.F., and Wehbi, D., 1989b, Evaluating the fractal dimension of surfaces: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A--Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, v. 425, no. 1868, p. 113-127.

      Attribute_Domain_Values:

      	Range_Domain:

          Range_Domain_Maximum: 35.74

          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.27

          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters

      Attribute_Label: avg_variations     

    Attribute:

      Attribute_Definition: Fractal dimension estimates for the seafloor surface off the southwestern coast of Navassa Island.

      Attribute_Definition_Source: Zawada, D.G., Piniak, G.A., and Hearn, C.J., 2010, Topographic complexity and roughness of a tropical benthic seascape: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 37, 6 p., accessed October 14, 2010, at http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/gl1014/2010GL043789.

      Attribute_Domain_Values:

      	Range_Domain:

          Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.5

          Range_Domain_Minimum: 2.2

      Attribute_Label: fractal_dims      

  

  Overview_Description:

    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Fractal computations were performed by the USGS for a portion of the seafloor surface extracted from the Navassa Island digital elevation model using the Variation Method of Dubuc and others. (1989).  Algorithm implementation details are presented in Zawada and Brock (2009). For this 881-m x 881-m region off the southwestern coast of Navassa, fractal dimensions were computed by moving a 440-m x 440-m window in 1-m increments across each row and down each column of the region.  Results from the Variation Method and the corresponding fractal dimension for each transect are available in the netCDF file 2D_variation_results_SouthCoast.nc.



    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Dubuc, B., Zucker, S.W., Tricot, C., Quiniou, J.F., and Wehbi, D., 1989b, Evaluating the fractal dimension of surfaces: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A--Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, v. 425, no. 1868, p. 113-127. Zawada, D.G., and Brock, J.C., 2009, A multiscale analysis of coral reef topographic complexity using Lidar-derived bathymetry: Journal of Coastal Research, SI (53), p. 6-15. (Also available at  http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/crest/publications/publications/Zawada_JCR2009.pdf.)