Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Peter Dartnell Originator: Mercedes D. Erdey Originator: Rikk G. Kvitek Originator: Carrie K. Bretz Publication_Date: 2014 Title: Backscatter A [8101]--Offshore of San Francisco, California Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: GeoTiff Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Guy R. Cochrane Originator: Samuel Y. Johnson Originator: Peter Dartnell Originator: H. Gary Greene Originator: Mercedes D. Erdey Originator: Nadine E. Golden Originator: Stephen R. Hartwell Originator: Charles A. Endris Originator: Michael W. Mansion Originator: Ray W. Sliter Originator: Rikk G. Kvitek Originator: Janet T. Watt Originator: Stephanie L. Ross Originator: Terry R. Bruns Publication_Date: 2015 Title: California State Waters Map Series--Offshore of San Francisco Map Area, California Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: OFR 2015-1068 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151068. Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1068/ Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Nadine E. Golden Publication_Date: 2013 Title: California State Waters Map Series Data Catalog Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database Series_Information: Series_Name: Data Series Issue_Identification: DS 781 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/ Description: Abstract: This part of DS 781 presents data for the acoustic-backscatter map of the Offshore of San Francisco map area, California. Backscatter data are provided as separate grids depending on mapping system used and processing techniques. The raster data file is included in "BackscatterA_8101_2004_OffshoreSanFrancisco.zip," which is accessible from http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/OffshoreSanFrancisco/data_catalog_OffshoreSanFrancisco.html. The acoustic-backscatter map of the Offshore of San Francisco Map Area, California was generated from backscatter data collected by Fugro Pelagos and by California State University, Monterey Bay (CSUMB). Mapping was completed between 2004 and 2008, using a combination of 400-kHz Reson 7125 and 244-kHz Reson 8101 multibeam echosounders. Within the final imagery, brighter tones indicate higher backscatter intensity, and darker tones indicate lower backscatter intensity. The intensity represents a complex interaction between the acoustic pulse and the seafloor, as well as characteristics within the shallow subsurface, providing a general indication of seafloor texture and composition. Backscatter intensity depends on the acoustic source level; the frequency used to image the seafloor; the grazing angle; the composition and character of the seafloor, including grain size, water content, bulk density, and seafloor roughness; and some biological cover. Harder and rougher bottom types such as rocky outcrops or coarse sediment typically return stronger intensities (high backscatter, lighter tones), whereas softer bottom types such as fine sediment return weaker intensities (low backscatter, darker tones). Purpose: These data are intended for science researchers, students, policy makers, and the general public. These data can be used with geographic information systems or other software. These data are not intended to be used for navigation. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 2004 Ending_Date: 2008 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.62 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.42 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.86 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.70 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Theme_Keyword: Oceans > Bathymetry/SeafloorTopography > Bathymetry Theme_Keyword: Oceans > Bathymetry/SeafloorTopography > Seafloor Topography Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Theme_Keyword: Marine Geology Theme_Keyword: Multibeam Theme_Keyword: Geology Theme_Keyword: Bathymetry Theme_Keyword: Backscatter Theme_Keyword: Intensity Theme_Keyword: Ocean Floor Topography Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: CSMP Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme_Keyword: oceans Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: San Francisco Place_Keyword: State of California Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and California State University, Monterey Bay, Seafloor Mapping Lab (CSUMB). USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain. This information is not intended for navigational purposes. Read and fully comprehend the metadata prior to data use. Uses of these data should not violate the spatial resolution of the data. Where these data are used in combination with other data of different resolution, the resolution of the combined output will be limited by the lowest resolution of all the data. Acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey in products derived from these data. Share data products developed using these data with the U.S. Geological Survey. This database has been approved for release and publication by the Director of the USGS. Although this database has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document these data in nonproprietary form, as well as in ArcInfo format, this metadata file may include some ArcInfo-specific terminology. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Peter Dartnell Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Physical Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 400 Natural Bridges Dr. City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 460-7415 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (831) 427-4709 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pdartnell@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Acoustic backscatter imagery of offshore San Francisco. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Not applicable for raster data. Logical_Consistency_Report: Unspecified Completeness_Report: Complete Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Estimated to be no less than 2 m, owing to water depth and total propagated uncertainties of the mapping systems, which include sonar system, position and motion compensation system, and navigation, as well as data processing that includes sounding cleaning, gridding, and datum transformations. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Not applicable to acoustic-backscatter imagery. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: During the mapping missions, an Applanix position and motion compensation system (POS/MV) was used to accurately position the vessel during data collection, and it also accounted for vessel motion such as heave, pitch, and roll (position accuracy, +/-2 m; pitch, roll, and heading accuracy, +/-0.02 degress; heave accuracy, +/-5 percent, or 5 cm). KGPS altitude data (Fugro Pelagos, StarFix HP & XP units; CSUMB, NavCom 2050) were used to account for tide cycle fluctuations and sound velocity profiles were collected with an Applied Microsystems SVPlus sound velocimeter. Soundings were corrected for vessel motion using the Applanix POS/MV data, for variations in water-column sound velocity using the AM SVPlus data, and for variations in water height (tides) using vertical-position data from the KGPS receivers. Backscatter data were processed using Geocoder in both Fugro Pelagos Modified Test Release 16 and Caris HIPS/SIPS versions. Within Geocoder, geobars were created using both the beam averaging and time series engines. Intensities were radiometrically corrected (including despeckling and angle varying gain adjustments) and the position of each acoustic sample was geometrically corrected for slant-range on a line-by-line basis. The contrast and brightness of some geobars were adjusted to better match the surrounding geobars. Individual geobars were mosaicked together at 1- and 2-m resolution using the auto seam method. The mosaics were then exported as georeferenced TIFF images, imported into a GIS, and converted to GRIDS at 2-m resolution. Process_Date: 2008 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Carrie Bretz Contact_Organization: Seafloor Mapping Lab, California State University Monterey Bay Contact_Position: Projects Manager, GIS & Metadata Supervisor Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 100 Campus Center, Bldg 13 City: Seaside State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 93955 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 582-4197 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: carrie_bretz@csumb.edu Process_Step: Process_Description: California Seafloor Mapping Project 1- and 2-m resolution backscatter imagery (CSMP survey blocks CC-00, CC-01, and SF West Bay) within this map were downloaded from California State University, Monterey Bay, Seafloor Mapping Lab (http://seafloor.csumb.edu/SFMLwebDATA.htm) and converted to grids. USGS also received original 2004 and 2005 CSUMB San Fancisco Mouth Caris project files and original mapping line files. Backscatter data were reprocessed using the Caris HIPS/SIPS version of Geocoder similar to the method described in the Processing Step above. Backscatter grids of similar mapping systems were merged in a GIS and clipped to the boundary of the map area. Grids from different mapping systems were not merged together due to different mapping frequencies and processing techniques. Process_Date: 2010 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Pete Dartnell Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Physical Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 400 Natural Bridges Dr. City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 460-7415 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pdartnell@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 10 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -123.00000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.00000 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.00 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 2.0 Ordinate_Resolution: 2.0 Planar_Distance_Units: Meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: WGS84 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS84 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.00 meters Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The merged CSUMB 2004, 2005, Mouth of San Francisco Bay, Reson 8101 backscatter data that was re-processed by the USGS in 2010 was originally archived as an ESRI grid with the following attributes: >Cell size = 2.0 >Number of rows = 8845 >Number of columns = 8850 >Data type = floating point >Boundary >Xmin = 533700 >Xmax = 551400 >Ymin = 4172360 >Ymax = 4190050 >Statistics >Minimum value = 2 >Maximum value = 255 >Mean = 152.87 >Standard deviation = 24.94 >Coordinate system description >Projection UTM >Zone 10 >Datum WGS84 >Units meter The 2007 Reson 8101 acoustic-backscatter grid was originally archived as an ESRI grid with the following attributes: >Cell size = 2.0 >Number of rows = 8845 >Number of columns = 8850 >Data type = floating point >Boundary >Xmin = 533700 >Xmax = 551400 >Ymin = 4172360 >Ymax = 4190050 >Statistics >Minimum value = 39 >Maximum value = 254 >Mean = 108.43 >Standard deviation = 22.19 >Coordinate system description >Projection UTM >Zone 10 >Datum WGS84 >Units meter The 2008 Reson 8101 acoustic-backscatter grid within San Francisco Bay was originally archived as an ESRI grid with the following attributes: >Cell size = 2.0 >Number of rows = 8845 >Number of columns = 8850 >Data type = floating point >Boundary >Xmin = 533700 >Xmax = 551400 >Ymin = 4172360 >Ymax = 4190050 >Statistics >Minimum value = 1 >Maximum value = 254 >Mean = 159.38 >Standard deviation = 48.60 >Coordinate system description >Projection UTM >Zone 10 >Datum WGS84 >Units meter The 2006 Reson 7125 acoustic-backscatter grid was originally archived as an ESRI grid with the following attributes: >Cell size = 2.0 >Number of rows = 8845 >Number of columns = 8850 >Data type = floating point >Boundary >Xmin = 533700 >Xmax = 551400 >Ymin = 4172360 >Ymax = 4190050 >Statistics >Minimum value = 2 >Maximum value = 254 >Mean = 154.52 >Standard deviation = 25.03 >Coordinate system description >Projection UTM >Zone 10 >Datum WGS84 >Units meter Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20131022 Metadata_Review_Date: 20140829 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Peter Dartnell Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Physical Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 400 Natural Bridges Dr. City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 460-7415 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (831) 427-4709 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pdartnell@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata ("CSDGM version 2") Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: universal time