A database of lotic invertebrate traits for North America "Nicole K. M. Vieira, N. LeRoy Poff, Daren M. Carlisle, Steve R. Moulton II, Marci L. Koski and Boris C. Kondratieff " "Data Series #187, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA. 2006." Disclaimer The data entered in this database was recorded by several individuals based on individual interpretations of literature sources. "Although attempts were made to maintain data quality, review of all 14,000+ records was not possible. Users are therefore advised" that some errors may exist in the database as a result of recorder misinterpretations or data-entry errors. Please notify third author (D.M. Carlisle: dcarlisle@usgs.gov) of errors so that later versions of this database can be enhanced. Field Name Description (see report text for state types) TraitRecord_ID Record identification number Taxon Taxonomic level at which trait information was compiled from a literature source Family Family Genus Genus Study_Citation "Citation title matching titles in ""Literature Cited"" table" Study_location_state U.S. state or Canadian province in which study occurred Study_location_county U.S. county in which study occurred Study_location_region Region in which study occurred Study_latitude "Latitude, when reported in study" Study_longitude "Longitude, when reported in study" Study_dates Date of study Adult "Identifies if traits were compiled for aquatic adults, otherwise for immature life stages" Data_entry Initials of person entering data Data_entry_date Date of data entry WB_type_lake Type of water bodies found in: Lakes WB_type_pond Type of water bodies found in: Ponds WB_type_wetland Type of water bodies found in: Wetlands WB_type_warm_sp Type of water bodies found in: Warm springs WB_type_cold_sp Type of water bodies found in: Cold springs WB_type_headwater Type of water bodies found in: Headwater streams WB_type_2-4_order Type of water bodies found in: Second-fourth order streams WB_type_river Type of water bodies found in: Rivers WB_type_brackish Type of water bodies found in: Brakish waters WB_type_temp_lentic Type of water bodies found in: Temporary lentic WB_type_eph_lotic Type of water bodies found in: Ephemeral lotic WB_type_other "Type of water bodies found in: Other types, see text notes" WB_type_other_specify Text notes Primary_WB_type Primary water body where found Study_elevation_min Lower elevation where taxon reported (in meters above sea level) Study_elevation_max Upper elevation where taxon reported (in meters above sea level) Max_body_size Maximal body size of immatures Measured_length Measured body length of immatures (mm) Measured_width Measured body width of immatures (mm) Measured_height Measured body height of immatures (mm) Body_shape Body shape Body_shape_case Body shape with case/retreat Mediate_drag Indication of whether shape mediates drag Morph_adapt_suckers Mophological adaptation: Suckers Morph_adapt_friction Mophological adaptation: Friction pad or other structure to reduce friction coefficient with surface Morph_adapt_hooks Mophological adaptation: Hooks Morph_adapt_silk Mophological adaptation: Silk Morph_adapt_ballast Mophological adaptation: Ballast Morph_adapt_hairy Mophological adaptation: Hair Morph_adapt_other "Mophological adaptation: Other, see text note" Armor Degree of body armoring Resp_early Respiration mode of early instars Resp_late Respiration mode of late instars Resp_adult Respiration mode of aquatic adults Resp_comments Text notes Emerge_behav_drift Emergence behavior: Drifting Emerge_behav_climb Emergence behavior: Climbing Emerge_behav_crawl Emergence behavior: Crawling Emerge_behav_comment Emergence behavior: Text notes Emerge_season_all_year Indicates whether emergence can occur all year Emerge_synch Indicates whether emergence is synchronous Emerge_season_1 Season that emergence begins Emerge_season_2 Season that emergence ends Ovipos_behav_prim Primary oviposition behavior Ovipos_behav_sec Secondary oviposition behavior Ovipos_behav_comments Oviposition behavior: Text notes Eggs_cement Indicates whether eggs are cemented Ovipos_duration Duration of oviposition period Feed_mode_prim Primary feeding mode based on mouthpart morphology Feed_mode_sec Secondary feeding mode based on mouthpart morphology Feed_mode_comments Food materials consumed Habit_prim Primary habit Habit_sec Secondary habit Habit_comments Habit: Text notes Current_quiet Current preference: Quiet Current_slow Current preference: Slow Current_fast_lam Current preference: Fast laminar Current_fast_turb Current preference: Fast turbulent Microhab_sand Microhabitat substrate preference: Sand Microhab_silt Microhabitat substrate preference: Silt Microhab_gravel Microhabitat substrate preference: Gravel Microhab_rocks Microhabitat substrate preference: Rocks Microhab_boulder Microhabitat substrate preference: Boulder Microhab_LWD Microhabitat substrate preference: Large woody debris Microhab_detritus Microhabitat substrate preference: Detritus Microhab_phyto Microhabitat substrate preference: Macrophytes Microhab_algae Microhabitat substrate preference: Algae Microhab_pelagic Microhabitat substrate preference: Pelagic Microhab_comments Microhabitat substrate preference: Text notes Lat_lotic_margin Lateral habitat position in water column: Margin Lat_lentic_shore Lateral habitat position in water column: Shoreline Lat_pool Lateral habitat position in water column: Pools Lat_riffle Lateral habitat position in water column: Riffles Lat_hyporheic Lateral habitat position in water column: Hyporheic Lat_comments Lateral habitat position in water column: Text notes Vert_surface Vertical habitat position in water column: Surface Vert_phytes Vertical habitat position in water column: Macrophytes Vert_pelagic Vertical habitat position in water column: Pelagic Vert_bed Vertical habitat position in water column: Benthic Vert_hyporheic Vertical habitat position in water column: Hyporheic Vert_comments Vertical habitat position in water column: Text notes Drift_early Drift propensity of early instars Drift_late Drift propensity of late instars Larval_disp Larvel dispersal distance Adult_disp Adult dispersal distance Exit_temporarily Indicates ability to temporarily exit water No.Aquatic_stages Number of aquatic life stages Voltinism Voltinism Volt_comments "Voltinism: Text comments (e.g., overwintering of eggs or immatures)" Dev_speed Development speed Dev_pattern Development pattern: Text notes Adult_lifespan Adult lifespan Adult_lifespan_comments Adult lifespan: Text notes Fecundity Fecundity Eggs_single Egg type: Single Eggs_1mass Egg type: One mass Eggs_multiple_batch Egg type: Multiple batches Hatch_time Time required for eggs to hatch Hatch_time_comments Time required for eggs to hatch: Text notes Diapause Indicates whether diapause occurs O2_normal Oxygen tolerance: Normal (intermediate) DO levels O2_low Oxygen tolerance: Low DO levels Low_lethal_DO Observed lethal DO levels pH_acidic pH tolerance: Acidic pH_normal pH tolerance: Intermediate pH_alkaline pH tolerance: Alkaline Salin_fresh Salinity tolerance: Fresh Salin_brackish Salinity tolerance: Brakish Salin_salt Salinity tolerance: Saline Thermal_pref Thermal preference Min_temp_reported Minimum temperature reported Max_temp_reported Maximum temperature reported Max_lethal_temp Observed maximum letal temperature Thermal_comments Thermal: Text notes Turbidity Turbidity tolerance