Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Swithinbank, Charles Originator: Williams, Richard S., Jr. Originator: Ferrigno, Jane G. Originator: Foley, Kevin M. Originator: Hallam, Cheryl Originator: Rosanova, Christine Originator: Dailide, Lina M. Publication_Date: 2002 Title: COASTAL CHANGE AND GLACIOLOGICAL MAP OF THE EIGHTS COAST AREA, ANTARCTICA: 1972-2001 Edition: first Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Geologic Investigations Map Issue_Identification: I-2600-E Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia U.S.A. Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Description: Abstract: Changes in the area and volume of the polar ice sheets are intricately linked to changes in global climate, and the resulting changes in sea level may severely impact the densely populated coastal regions on Earth. Loss of the West Antarctic part of the Antarctic ice sheet alone could cause a sea-level rise of approximately 6 m. The potential sea-level rise after melting of the entire Antarctic ice sheet is estimated to be 65 m to 73 m. In spite of its importance, the mass balance (the net volumetric gain or loss) of the Antarctic ice sheet is poorly known; it is not known whether the ice sheet is growing or shrinking. As a result, measurement of changes in the Antarctic ice sheet was given a very high priority in recommendations by the Polar Research Board of the National Research Council (1986), by the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) (1989), and by the National Science Foundation's (1990) Division of Polar Programs. An archive of early 1970's Landsat 1, 2, and 3 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) images of Antarctica and the fact that the repeat coverage with satellite images provided an excellent means of documenting changes in the coastline of Antarctica provided the impetus for carrying out a comprehensive analysis of the glaciological features of the coastal regions and changes in ice fronts of Antarctica. The project was later modified to include Landsat 4 and 5 MSS and Thematic Mapper (TM) and RADARSAT images to compare changes over a 20- to 25- year time interval and to prepare a series of 24 1:1,000,000-scale and 1 1:5,000,000-scale U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Investigations Series Maps ("I-Maps") (Williams and others, 1995; Williams and Ferrigno, 1998; and Ferrigno and others, 2002) in both paper and digital format. Purpose: The Coastal-Change and Glaciological Mapping Project has five objectives, listed as follows: (1) to determine coastline changes that have occured during the past three decades; (2) to establish an accurate baseline series of 1:1,000,000-scale maps that define, from the analysis of Landsat and RADARSAT images, the glaciological characteristics of the coastline of Antarctica during the three time intervals (early 1970's, middle 1980's to early 1990's and 1997); (3) to determine velocities of outlet glaciers, ice streams and ice shelves, and the position of the grounding line from analysis of Landsat images and other sources of the same areas taken over time; (4) to compile a comprehensive inventory of named and unnamed outlet glaciers and ice streams in Antarctica that are mappable from Landsat images or from ancillary sources such as maps, gazeteers, digital databases, etc.; (5) to compile a 1:5,000,000-scale map of Antarctica derived from the 24 1:1,000,000-scale maps. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1972 Ending_Date: 1997 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -104.0 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.0 North_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.0 South_Bounding_Coordinate: -76.0 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: coastal change Theme_Keyword: glaciology Theme_Keyword: ice velocity Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alberts, F.G., ed., 1981, Geographic names of the Antarctic: Reston, VA, U.S. Board on Geographic Names, National Science Foundation Report No. NSF 81-5, 959 p. Place_Keyword: Demas Ice Tongue Place_Keyword: Cape Flying Fish Place_Keyword: Cape Waite Place_Keyword: Waite Islands Place_Keyword: Morelli Glacier Place_Keyword: Kanheiser Glacier Place_Keyword: Craft Glacier Place_Keyword: Rockray Glacier Place_Keyword: Cox Glacier Place_Keyword: Dyer Point Place_Keyword: Hughes Point Place_Keyword: Henry Inlet Place_Keyword: Wagoner Inlet Place_Keyword: Star Peninsula Place_Keyword: Potaka Inlet Place_Keyword: Peale Inlet Place_Keyword: Noville Peninsula Place_Keyword: Sikorski Glacier Place_Keyword: Frankenfield Glacier Place_Keyword: Murphy Inlet Place_Keyword: Edwards Peninsula Place_Keyword: Thurston Island Place_Keyword: Hale Glacier Place_Keyword: Myers Glacier Place_Keyword: Trice Island Place_Keyword: Evans Point Place_Keyword: Vonder Wall Point Place_Keyword: Sherman Island Place_Keyword: Abbot Ice Shelf Place_Keyword: King Peninsula Place_Keyword: Ferrero Bay Place_Keyword: Canisteo Peninsula Place_Keyword: Cosgrove Ice Shelf Place_Keyword: Brownson Islands Place_Keyword: Cranton Bay Place_Keyword: Baeker Islands Place_Keyword: Pine Island Bay Place_Keyword: Walgreen Coast Place_Keyword: Pine Island Glacier Place_Keyword: Hudson Mountains Place_Keyword: Eights Coast Place_Keyword: Koether Inlet Place_Keyword: Evans Peninsula Place_Keyword: Cape Walden Place_Keyword: Cape Braathen Place_Keyword: Deadmond Glacier Place_Keyword: Lofgren Peninsula Place_Keyword: Cape Menzel Place_Keyword: Morgan Inlet Place_Keyword: Tierney Peninsula Place_Keyword: Cadwalader Inlet Place_Keyword: Cape Annawan Place_Keyword: Savage Glacier Place_Keyword: Long Glacier Place_Keyword: Carpenter Island Place_Keyword: Dustin Island Place_Keyword: Johnson Island Place_Keyword: Bellingshausen Sea Place_Keyword: Haskell Glacier Place_Keyword: Exum Glacier Place_Keyword: Gopher Glacier Place_Keyword: Walk Glacier Place_Keyword: Jones Mountains Place_Keyword: Farwell Island Place_Keyword: Dentler Island Place_Keyword: Pfrogner Point Place_Keyword: Fletcher Peninsula Place_Keyword: Venable Ice Shelf Place_Keyword: Allison Peninsula Place_Keyword: Bryan Coast Place_Keyword: Eltanin Bay Place_Keyword: Wirth Peninsula Place_Keyword: Fladerer Bay Place_Keyword: Rydberg Peninsula Place_Keyword: Mount Tuve Place_Keyword: Lepley Nunatak Place_Keyword: Ellsworth Land Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: None Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Richard S. Williams Jr. Contact_Position: Project Chief, Coastal Change and Glaciological Maps of Antarctica Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: U.S. Geological Survey Woods Hole Field Center 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508 457 2347 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rswilliams@usgs.gov Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The assignment of coastal features attributes is done qualitatively through examination of hardcopy Landsat imagery at the approximate scale of 1:500,000. The classification of a coastal feature is determined after examining between one and four Landsat images of the coastal feature. Date attributes are assigned to reflect the collection date of the image used to record a coastal feature. Logical_Consistency_Report: The COASTAL-CHANGE AND GLACIOLOGICAL MAP OF THE EIGHTS COAST AREA, ANTARCTICA is an assessment of change in coastal features examined in three periods of time, early 1970's; middle 1980's to early 1990's and 2001. Data are represented on the map grouped by symbol into these categories. The temporal frame of each period varies. The 1970's time frame is represented by data collected from Landsat 1 and 2 images acquired from December 4, 1972 to February 13, 1975, a period of a little over two years. The period from the middle 1980's through early 1990's is represented by Landsat 4 and 5 images acquired from December 10, 1984 through February 20, 1991,a period of over six years. A single image of the Pine Island Bay area dated November 12, 2001 from a NASA press release is included to show the 2001 Pine Island Glacier calving event The 1997 time frame is represented by data collected from the RADARSAT 125m Mosaic of Antarctic. The mosaic is comprised of images accquired in the course of a single mission dedicated to the production of the mosaic. The imagery was acquired from September 9, 1997 to October 20, 1997, a period of forty days. Completeness_Report: Data, in the form of remote-sensing imagery, was collected to study coastal features during three time periods, early 1970's; middle 1980's to early 1990's and 2001. Landsat 1 and 2 scenes selected for the early 1970's period provide complete coverage of the coastline of the study area. Landsat 4 and 5 images provide approximately 90% coverage of the coastline of the study area. Landsat images were selected to provide the highest cloud-free coverage possible but small localized areas of clouds do obscure some of the coastal coverage (less than 5%). The RADARSAT 125 meter resolution mosaic of Antarctica provides complete and cloud-free coverage for the 1997 time period. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The RADARSAT 125m Mosaic of Antarctica is used as horizontal control for purposes of this project. Producers of the mosaic claim a postional accuracy of 150m RMS in coastal areas where geodetic control points are abundant. Accuracy decreases towards the interior of the continent, reaching a high of 5 kilometers. An in-depth study of the accuracy of the mosaic by a Geodetic Engineer is included in the text of the report. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Elevation data for this project was excerpted from the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) produced by Byrd Polar Research Center in conjunction with the RADARSAT Mosaic of Antarctica. Vertical error of the DEM was assessed by comparison with six measured elevation transects. Three of the transects were done via GPS, one by radar echo sounding (RES) and two geodetic leveling. The range of vertical error is from 2 meters RMSE for a 129 kilometer GPS transect to 36 meters RMS for a 580 kilometer leveled transect. Construction and error analysis of this DEM is discussed at length in Liu, 1999. See report for full citation. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19730130 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner Image no. 1191-14264 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 001 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19730130 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1191-14624 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19730130 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1191-14270 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 001 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19730130 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1191-14270 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19730113 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1174-14314 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 002 Row 111 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19730113 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1174-14314 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19730112 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1173-12433 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 235 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19730112 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1173-12433 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19750218 Title: Landsat 2 Multispectral Scanner Image no. 2027-12432 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 236 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19750218 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 2027-12432 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19740131 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner Image no. 1557-13132 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 240 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19740131 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1557-13132 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19730121 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner Image no. 1182-13345 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 243 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19730121 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1182-13345 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19730124 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner Image no. 1185-13530 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 246 Row 114 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19730124 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1185-13530 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19730107 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner Image no. 1168-13572 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 247 Row 111 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19730107 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1168-13572 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19721204 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner Image no. 1134-14091 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 249 Row 111 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19721204 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1134-14091 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19750213 Title: Landsat 2 Multispectral Scanner Image no. 2022-13582 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 249 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19750213 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 2022-13582 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19861221 Title: Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper Image no. 51025-14102 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 001 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19861221 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 51025-14102 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19881218 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper Image no. 42347-14232 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 001 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19881218 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42347-14232 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19881218 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper Image no. 42347-14234 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 001 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19881218 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42347-14234 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19891226 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper Image no. 42720-14422 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 004 Row 111 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19891226 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42720-14422 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19891226 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper Image no. 42720-14424 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 004 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19891226 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42720-14424 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19890209 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper Image no. 42400-14424 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 004 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19890209 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42400-14424 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19880122 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper Image no. 42016-14341 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 004 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19880122 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42016-14341 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19890209 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper Image no. 42400-14430 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 004 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19890209 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42400-14430 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19841210 Title: Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper Image no. 50284-05565 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 151 Row 133 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19841210 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 50284-05565 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19860218 Title: Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper Image no. 50719-12513 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 220 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19860218 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 50719-12513 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19860306 Title: Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper Image no. 50735-12513 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 220 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19860306 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 50735-12513 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19890124 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper Image no. 42384-13033 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 221 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19890124 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42384-13033 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19890124 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper Image no. 42384-13035 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 221 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19890124 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42384-13035 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19880120 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper Image no. 42014-13071 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 223 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19880120 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42014-13071 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19880210 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper Image no. 42035-13263 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 226 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19880210 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42035-13263 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19890201 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper Image no. 42392-13531 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 229 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19890201 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42392-13531 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19910220 Title: Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper Image no. 52547-13593 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 232 Row 111 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19910220 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 52547-13593 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19900124 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper Image no. 42749-14223 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 232 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19900124 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42749-14223 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19910220 Title: Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper Image no. 52547-14000 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 232 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19910220 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 52547-14000 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Liu, H. Originator: Jezek, K. Originator: Li, B. Originator: Zhao, Z. Publication_Date: 2001 Title: Radarsat Antarctic Mapping Project Digital Elevation Model Version 2 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Boulder, Colorado, USA Publisher: National Snow and Ice Data Center Online_Linkage: http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0082.html Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1940 Ending_Date: 1999 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Radarsat DEM V2 Source_Contribution: elevation data Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Jezek, Kenneth C. Publication_Date: unknown Title: RADARSAT-1 SAR Mosaic of Antarctica - Med Res (125m pixel) Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, USA Publisher: Alaska SAR Facility Geophysical Institute University of Alaska Fairbanks Online_Linkage: http://www.asf.alaska.edu/amm1/mosaic_med_res.html Type_of_Source_Media: online CD-ROM Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19970909 Ending_Date: 19971022 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Radarsat 125m Mosaic Source_Contribution: digital mapping base position of dynamic coastal features in 1997 Process_Step: Process_Description: Hardcopy Landsat images are used where digital data are not available. Hardcopy is used in almost all cases. Hardcopy images are scanned to TIFF format digital files at a resolution of 400 dots per inch and a grayscale depth of 256 shades of gray. TIFF files are imported into commercial image-processing software for spatial correction. The images are corrected using a first-order polynomial adjustment based on tie-point correlation to the georeferenced RADARSAT mosaic. Standard procedure dictates that tie-points are best selected to form uniform distribution across the image to be corrected. The procedure for selecting tie-point deviated from standard procedure for two reasons: (1) Radar images such as the RADARSAT base suffer from "layover" or displacement of relief in the horizontal plane in the direction of the nadir line with respect to the sampling device. The degree of displacement is proportional to the magnitude of relief so tie-points are selected only in areas of low relief. (2) Coastal features are the primary interest of this study so tie-points are selected preferentially on or near coastal features in order to assure that corrections to the image are based preferentially on coastal feature data. Process_Date: 2001 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 6971 Column_Count: 8387 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Earth Science Information Center Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Box 25286 Building 810 Denver Federal Center City: Denver State_or_Province: Colorado Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (303) 202-4200 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (303) 202 4188 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: infoservices@usgs.gov Hours_of_Service: hours: 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM Monday through Friday (Mountain Time) Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been used by the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty, expressed or implied is made by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and related material nor shall the fact of distribution constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in connection therewith. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20020619 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Kevin Foley Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Division, Eastern Region, Earth Surface Processes Team Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: U.S. Geological Survey 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Mail Stop 926A City: Reston State_or_Province: Virginia Postal_Code: 20192 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (703) 648-5285 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (703) 648-6032 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998