Open-File Report 97–223
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AbstractThe data-quality objectives of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program include estimating the extent to which contamination, matrix effects, and measurement variability affect interpretation of chemical analyses of surface-water samples. The quality-control samples used to make these estimates include field blanks, field matrix spikes, and replicates. This report describes the design for collection of these quality-control samples in National Water-Quality Assessment Program studies and the data management needed to properly identify these samples in the U.S. Geological Survey's national data base. |
Foreword
Abstract
Introduction
Purpose and Scope
Acknowledgments
Types of Quality-Control Samples
Collection and Processing of Quality-Control Samples
Field Blanks
Inorganic Constituents and Pesticides
Dissolved and Suspended Organic Carbon
Volatile Organic Compounds
Trip Blanks
Field Matrix Spikes
Pesticides
Volatile Organic Compounds
Spike Recovery Calculations
Replicates
Inorganic Constituents, Pesticides, and Suspended Sediment
Dissolved and Suspended Organic Carbon
Volatile Organic Compounds
Frequency, Timing, and Location of Quality-Control Sample Collection
Data Management
References
Appendix A—Constituents Included in National Water Quality Laboratory Schedules and Codes Referred to in this Report
Appendix B—Analytical Services Request and National Water Information System Data-Base Coding Required for Quality-Control Samples and Associated Environmental Samples Collected as Part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program
Blanks
Environmental Sample Associated with the Blank
Field Blank
Canister Blank
Trip Blank
Spikes
Primary Environmental Sample Associated with the Spikes
Duplicate Environmental Sample Associated with the Spikes
Field Matrix Spike
Field Matrix Spike Duplicate
Replicates
Primary Environmental Sample
Duplicate Environmental Sample
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A full listing of NAWQA activities is available at: http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/
