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U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY


The Niger Delta Petroleum System:  Niger Delta Province, Nigeria, Cameroon, and Equatorial Guinea, Africa

by

Michele L. W. Tuttle¹,  Ronald R. Charpentier¹,  and Michael E. Brownfield¹

Open-File Report 99-50-H






This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code.  Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

1999


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Chapter A
     Tertiary Niger Delta (Akata-Agbada) Petroleum System (No. 719201), Niger Delta Province, Nigeria, Cameroon, and Equatorial Guinea, Africa
 by Michele L. W. Tuttle, Michael E. Brownfield, and Ronald R. Charpentier

Chapter B

Assessment of Undiscovered Petroleum in the Tertiary Niger Delta (Akata-Agbada) Petroleum System 
(No. 719201), Niger Delta Province, Nigeria, Cameroon, and Equatorial Guinea, Africa
by Michele L. W. Tuttle, Ronald R. Charpentier, and Michael E. Brownfield

Chapters A and B are issued as a single volume and are not available separately.

FOREWORD, by the U.S. Geological Survey World Energy Project

TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD

Chapter A
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
PROVINCE GEOLOGY
     Tectonics
     Lithology
     Depobelts
PETROLEUM AND ITS OCCURRENCE
     Distribution of Petroleum
     Properties of Petroleum Fields
     Properties of Oil and Gas
SOURCE ROCK
     Source Rock Identification
     Agbada-Akata
     Cretaceous
     Source Rock Chemical Characteristics
     Source Rock Potential
RESERVOIR ROCK
TRAPS AND SEALS
PETROLEUM GENERATION AND MIGRATION
SUMMARY
REFERENCES CITED in Chapter A
 

FIGURES in Chapter A
Figure 1 Index map of Nigeria and Cameroon.  Map of the Niger Delta showing Province outline, bounding structural features, and minimum petroleum system

Figure 2 Cross plots for cumulative number of oil and gas fields versus cumulative number of total new-field wildcat wells in the Niger Delta Province

Figure 3 Part1, Part2. Paleogeographic maps showing the opening of the South Atlantic and development of the region around Niger Delta

Figure 4 Schematic of a seismic section from the Niger Delta continental slope/rise showing the results of internal gravity tectonics on sediments at the distal portion of the depobelt

Figure 5 Stratigraphic section of the Anambra Basin from the Late Cretaceous through the Eocene

Figure 6,   part1, part2 Location map cross sections through the Niger Delta Region

Figure 7 Stratigraphic column showing the three formations of the Niger Delta

Figure 8 Structural map of the top of Akata Formation and thickness isopach of Agbada Formation

Figure 9. Cartoon showing how the coastline of the Niger delta has prograded since 35 Ma

Figure 10. Schematic showing the location of lobes of the early Niger Delta, prolific oil centers, and shale prone areas

Figure 11. Sequence stratigraphic model for the central portion of the Niger Delta

Figure 12. Distribution of size and mean reservoir depth of Niger Delta oil and gas fields

Figure 13 Geochemical data for nonbiodegraded oil (A) and a partially biodegraded oil (B) from the Niger Delta

Figure 14. Physiographic sketch of the deep marine sediments in the Gulf of Guinea off the Niger Delta

Figure 15. Slope-Edge normal fault simulation, Nigerian example

Figure 16. Examples of Niger Delta oil field structures and associated trap types

Figure 17. Subsurface depth to top of Niger Delta oil

Figure 18. Burial history chart for the northern portion of the Niger Delta (Akata-Agbada) petroleum system

Figure 19. Events chart for Niger Delta (Akata/Agbada) petroleum system


Chapter B
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
AGBADA ASSESSMENT UNIT
     Field Growth
     Exploration for Undiscovered Petroleum
     Assumptions for Assessing Undiscovered Resources
     Assessment of Undiscovered Petroleum
AKATA ASSESSMENT UNIT
     Analogs for Hypothetical Fields
     Assessment of Undiscovered Petroleum
MATERIAL BALANCE CALCULATIONS
REFERENCES CITED

FIGURES in Chapter B
Figure 1. Map showing the boundaries of the Agdada “Deltaic” Reservoir Assessment Unit and the Akata “Turbidite” Reservoir Assessment Unit

Figure 2. Cross plots for cumulative number of (A) oil fields and (B) gas fields versus cumulative number of total new-field wildcat wells in the Niger Delta Province

Figure 3. Crossplots for cumulative volume of discovered (A) oil fields (MMB0) and (B) gas fields (BCFG) versus cumulative number of new-field wildcat wells in the Niger Delta Province

Figure 4. Histogram showing the grown oil field size divided into first third, second third, and third third of the oil fields discovered in the Niger Delta

Figure 5 Histogram showing the grown gas field size divided into first third, second third, and third third of the gas fields discovered in the Niger Delta

APPENDICES
Appendix A.  Input for Monte Carlo Simulations of the Agbada and the Akata Assessment Units

Appendix B Summary of the results from the Monte Carlo simulations
 
 

¹ U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO

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