readme.txt (version 1.0 1/22/2003 pdevries@usgs.gov) Hydrogeology of the Waverly-Sayre area in Tioga and Chemung Counties, New York and Bradford County, Pennsylvania By Richard J. Reynolds In cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-284 2003 U.S. Department of the Interior Gale A. Norton, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Charles G. Groat, Director CONTENTS 1. Abstract 2. System requirements 3. Files on CD-ROM 4. For additional information 5. For sale by 6. Available on-line at 7. Suggested citation 8. Disclaimers ABSTRACT The hydrogeology of a 135-square-mile area centered at Waverly, N.Y. and Sayre, Pa. is summarized in a set of five maps and a sheet of geologic sections, all at 1:24,000 scale, that depict locations of wells and test holes (sheet 1), surficial geology (sheet 2), altitude of the water table (sheet 3), saturated thickness of the surficial aquifer (sheet 4), thickness of the lacustrine confining unit (sheet 5), and geologic sections (sheet 6). The valley-fill deposits that form the aquifer system in the Waverly-Sayre area occupy an area of approximately 30 square miles, within the valleys of the Susquehanna River, Chemung River, and Cayuta Creek. The saturated thickness of the surficial aquifer, which consists of alluvium, valley-train outwash, and underlying ice-contact deposits, ranges from zero to 90 feet and is greatest in areas where (1) the outwash is underlain by ice-contact sand and gravel or (2) the outwash is overlain by alluvium and alluvial fans. Estimated transmissivity of the surficial aquifer ranges from 5,600 to 100,270 feet squared per day, and estimated hydraulic conductivity ranges from 50 feet per day for ice-contact deposits to 1,300 feet per day for well-sorted, valley-train outwash. The surficial aquifer is underlain by deposits of lacustrine sand, silt, and clay in the main valleys; these deposits reach thicknesses of as much as 150 ft and form a thick confining unit. Beneath the lacustrine silt and clay confining unit is a thin, discontinuous sand and gravel aquifer whose thickness averages 5 feet but may be as much as 30 feet locally. This confined aquifer supplies many domestic well in the area; yields average about 22 gallons per minute for 6-inch-diameter, open-ended wells. Average annual recharge to the aquifer system is estimated to be approximately 52.5 Mgal/d (million gallons per day), of which 29.7 Mgal/d is from direct precipitation, 7.6 Mgal/d is from unchanneled upland runoff that infiltrates the stratified drift along the valley wall, and 15.2 Mgal/d is from infiltration from tributary streams on the valley floor. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS The six 38x32 inch map sheets are saved as Adobe PDF version 5.0 format files. Data can be viewed (including zoom and pan), copied (including cut & paste), or printed from within the Adobe Acrobat Reader program (not included). This CD-ROM was produced in accordance with the ISO 9660 and Joliet file system standards. The minimum system requirements to use the data on this CD-ROM are (1) Adobe Acrobat Reader version 5.0 or higher (available as a free download at http://www.adobe.com), and (2) a CD-ROM drive with ISO 9660 software driver. This description is also available in the file "readme.txt". FILES ON CD-ROM readme.txt start.htm sheet1.pdf sheet2.pdf sheet3.pdf sheet4.pdf sheet5.pdf sheet6.pdf USGS.gif cover20.jpg cover61.jpg getacro.gif pdficon.gif firstgov.gif FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION District Chief U.S. Geological Survey 425 Jordan Road Troy, New York 12180 FOR SALE BY USGS Information Services Box 25286 Denver Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 Telephone: (888) ASK-USGS AVAILABLE ON-LINE AT http://ny.usgs.gov SUGGESTED CITATION Reynolds, R.J., 2003, Hydrogeology of the Waverly-Sayre area in Tioga and Chemung Counties, New York and Bradford County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-284, 6 sheets, 1:24,000 scale (CD-ROM). DISCLAIMERS This Compact Disc-Read Only Memory (CD) publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Although data published on this CD-ROM have been used by the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials.