Copyright 1984-2001 FileMaker, Inc. HBAM2016AUG95HPro 5.0Doccursalonghighsteepbluffsofthecopperriveranditsp@E2005@wrangell-sainth`@pringwat@especially@*fossil-rich@>gravel@greenschist@;intermingled@Aits@lobate@located@7mainly@:occursalonghighsteepbluffsofthecopperriveranditsp@2organic@0plugrepresentsfinalactivitydikeoriginatedfromlaccolit@&river@stages@streambeds@thin@Ä*R4Ä1!?Ä2!wÄ2SÄ2Ä4Q5Ä6!Ä611Ä6Ä8OÄ8~Ä8PÄ8!QÄ8&RÄ916Ä95&Ä9R`Ä:Ä:aaÄ:dÄ:eÄ:^ÄA@ÄB!AÄCa.ÄDQ-ÄEIÄExÄEyÄEÄFQÄFVÄG!TÄI1BÄQ:7ÄQACÄU!/ÄU18ÄcVLÄd6EÄeqKÄe,Äg6zÄgA;ÄgF*ÄgG)ÄhaFÄhfGÄhg:ÄiJÄi3Äi2Äj1{Äja9ÄjfMÄr1HÄs1=Ä1NÄA+ÄQ|Ä} O1{Äja9ÄjfMÄr1HÄs1=Ä1NÄA+ÄQ|Ä} O70lobateFWlocalGWHWIWXWAWCWLWPWzW{WlocalizedBWlocallyDWIWlWqWtWuWwWyW~WWBWCWHWIWMWNWVWWW[W]W`WaWwWxWyW|W}WWWWWWWWWWWWWlocallyfossil-richthin-beddedlimestoneandinterbeddedarwVmass-flowYWmassiveXWmaterialJWMWmayBWFWfWmeta-andesiteiWmetabasaltiWmetaconglomeratekWmetamorphichWoWmetamorphismhWiWjWkWmetasandstonejWmetasedimentaryhWmetatuffjWmethane-chargedKWmica-schistkWmightNWmineralKWminorAWBWmiocene]WdWmioceneoroligocenedVmonzonitegWqWmorainesGWHWmoreKWmosthWmotykaKWmountIWKWYWZWaWmountainKWmountainsfWmudKWMWmultipleIWna-hco3-richKWnabesnahWnadinaZWnamedLWZWgWnearKWnelchinamWneoglacialGWneoglacialdepositsofendlateralandgroundmoraineskamesGVnicholsIWnorthWWnorth-trendingVWnorthernfWnumerousIWnutzotinfWoccursDWhW?(wrangellIW\W`WaWpWrW}WEWJWKWWwrangelliavW}WJWwrittenRW^WxenolithsqWWWyakatagaMW[WWyearsNWyieldshWyoungIWxWyWyoungerNW`WuWHWyukonNW|W}WzonedsW1953NW|W}W1972vW1976hW1981TW1989LWzW{Wage WahtellsWahtellplutonsValaskanGWalluviumBWalpine-typelWWWalpine-typeultramaficrocksandgabbrolVVVamphibolite-faciesQWamphibolite-faciesflyschvaldezgroupQVandMWSWTWUWVWXW[W\W]W^W_W`WcWfWlWmWvWCWKWLWPWRWTWZWbWqWzW{WWWWWandesiteUWbasaltPWWWWbasaltorcagroupWVbatholithIWxWyWbeachMWbeachanddeltadepositsMVbedrock Wbedrockofunknowntypeorage VbergvWvWvWgvWgvWgvWergvWgvWdioritecomplexmetamorphicpartoVdioritecomplexplutonicpartrVdomeSWdomesQWWW^WeWdomesandintrusiverocksoldervolcanicandsedimentaryroc^VbdcontainingIWlWtWJWLWSWzW{WWWWcontainskWxWcontinentalYWcontinuouslySWWconvergentSWWcookbWcopperDWKWLWMWOWYWxWcoresWJWcoresFWcorrelates}WJWcorrelativerWKWcoverRWcreek\WcWdWeW}W~WW@WMW]WqWwWWcretaceousSWWcrop\Wcrops^WcrustKWcrustalNW|W}WcuttingOWcyclesPWdacitePWQWRWVWWWZW\W]W^W_W`WcWeW}WqWdaciteandrhyolitedomesassociatedflowsanddikesQVdaciteandrhyoliteunderlyingthelavaflowsandlahardepoeVdadinaLWzW{WdatasWdategWdates`WmWpWqWIWJWxWyWWWWWWday WdebrisEWYWdeepvWyWCWOWQWRW~WdeeplyOWdeformedSW^W`WaWWWWdeltaMWdenalihWdepositYWZWYWdepositedKWZWyW~WW@WAWBWCWSWwWWWWtfAAHP LaserJet 5/5M PostScriptw odXXP?Rp_A+RdB|Custom page 1|CCCustom page 2|CCCustom page 3|CCfA~0'd8Late and(or Middle Triassicocened Late Mississippian(?)positsBChiefly andesite and dacite. Height and extensive ice cover limit understanding of volcanic structure. Edifice, apparently sourced from three major vents, is an intermingled complex of lava flows and domes, predominantly andesiteCQwsDPleistocene, 0.9-0.5 MaE!Lava flows, Mount Sanford volcanoFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.onal Park and PreserveA301BChiefly andesite. Small andesitic shield and summit caldera intruded at center by an andesite plug, focal point of a spectacular radial basaltic andesitic dike swarmCQwcDPleistocene, 1.0 MaE7Shield and intracaldera lavas, Capital Mountain volcanoFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preservend others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserver<thickfar-rangingflow0.6maprobablysourcedfromnortheasSVthickvolcanicarcassemblageofmarineandsubaerialvolcanuVthick-beddedzW@WareMWIWxWyW WareaIWareasDW Wareasthatairphotointerpretationsuggestasbeingunderla VargilliteuWwWyWFWSW`WWargillite-graywackevWargillite-graywackegradedbedsandminorconglomeratesandsvVasXWIWSW[WxWyWWW WashZWassemblageuWSWTWWassociatedQWoWrWEWatLWTWVWWWZW\WaW~WatnaHWIWaugustaRWbWavalancheZWavalanchesEWbandedhWRWbandedgraniteandquartzdioritegneissenclosedinschisthVbankKWbarchanLWbarsLWbasalxWbasalt[WxWSWTWVWWWZW]WWWWWWWbasaltflowsbrecciaandtuffregionallymetamorphosedgreenTVbasalttoandesiticplugsdikesandflowsZVbasalticTW[WcWuW}WHWPW[WqWWbasalticandesiteandesiteanddacitelavaflowsandesiticlcVqVbase\Wbasement}WbasinIWwWyWBWbatholithLWzW{WbeNW`WbeachMWbedrock WbedsIWvWOWQWRW~Wbeing W W Wst-faciesTWXFlavaflowsmountsanfordvolcanoRVlavasNWOWTWVWXWlibertyTWlimestonewWzWGWlimestoneofeaglecreekformationmankomengroupzVlimestoneofthehasencreekformationGVlimestonesCWmaficmWWWmaficandultramaficrocksmVVVmankomenyWzW{W}WmarbleMmarine~WWwWmarinesedimentaryrocks~VmccarthyBWmccarthyformationBVmelangeSWaWWWWmelangeunitsvaldezgroupSVVmelangeyakutatgroupaVVVcretaceousqWmid-cretaceousplutonsqVmineralKWmineralspringdepositsKVmiocenebWmioceneoroligocenebVmountNWOWPWQWRWSWVWWWmountainTWUWmountainsvWnikolaixWnikolaigreenstonexVnonmarinetWnonmarinesedimentaryrockstVnutzotinvWnutzotinmountainssequenceofbergandothers1972vVofGWHWhWiWjWvWzWolderBWHW\W^WolderalluviumBVoldestcWeWoligocenebWorbWothersvWpartoWrWpeakXWplugUWplutongWsWplutonic_WrWplutons`WpWqW06KplugrepresentsfinalactivitydikeoriginatedfromlaccolitUVplugsZWplutonfWsWJWplutonicaWIWaWxWyWWWplutonicphaseofthewrangelllavaexposedmainlyathawkinaVplutons`WoWpWqWIW^WbWxWyWWWWpodsLWzW{WpointTWpondIWpondsJW WpoorlykWMWNW|W}WporphyriticiWporphyry`WpWyWWpossibleNW|W}WpossiblyZWrWLWzW{WpotentiallyNW|W}WppadmrWKWppadpoWKWppamLWzW{WppasrWsW}WJWKWLWzW{WppascrWsW}WJWKWLWzW{WppasmIWKWxWyWppassEWppatrWsW{WEWJWLWzW{WpredominantlyBWRWprehnite-pumpellyitexWpresentGWNW|W}W WpreservedMWkWMWNW|W}WprimaryxWprinceUWXWuWvWprincipalDWprobabilityoWprobablySWYW`WNW|W}W}W}W}WTWproximalGWpumiceZWpyroclasticZWpyroxeneKWpyroxenitemWqcrDWHWOWqflIWqgDWqtw`Wquartz`WgWhWqWsWIWJWsWxWyW"BAndesite flows and local agglutinates. Large shield and remnant summit caldera, stripped by erosion, remaindered to thick, massive intracaldera lavas as serrated topographic highsCQTwtD$Pleistocene and Pliocene, 1.8-0.9 MaE2Shield and intracaldera lavas, Tanada Peak volcanoFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.A312BChetaslina volcanic mass-flow deposit, probably sourced from Mount Drum, exposed along Chetaslina and Copper Rivers; Sanford volcanic debris flow exposed along Sanford and Copper Rivers. Large blocks of lava and varied debrisCQvdD PleistoceneEVolcanic debris flowsA314rs, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveA314Z8plugUWplutongWsWplutonic_WrWplutons`WpWqWUWXWuWvWWWWporphyrybWpoul[WWpoulcreekformation[VVVekformation[VVV[VVVnAZFlat-lying andesite and dacite lava flows; a Tertiary tillite and the fossil-rich conglomeratic sandstone Frederika Formation. Boomerang (<1.0 Ma), Chetaslina (1.6-0.8 Ma), Skookum Creek (3.2-2.0 Ma), Mount Blackburn (4.3-3.2 Ma), and other Early Quaternary to Late Tertiary volcanic centers. Sedimentary rocks crop out at base of Wrangell LavaZCQTwD!Pleistocene, Pliocene, or MioceneEFLava flows and sedimentary rocks, Older volcanic and sedimentary rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000. and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveA465BChiefly dacite and rhyoliteCQTwrD!Pleistocene, Pliocene, or MioceneA465BChiefly dacite and rhyoliteCQTwrD!Pleistocene, Pliocene, or Mioceneeserve.sespeciallyIWevaporateCWexplosiveZWexposedYWaWLWbWzW{WextensiveRWVWZW}WOWQWRW~Wextensiveflat-lyingandesiticflowsnorth-trendinglinearsVVextensively^WextentNW|W}WfaciesfWxWCW^Wfairweather^WfanVWWWWWWfansAWBWfar-rangingSWfar-reachingOWfaulthWHWIW^WxWyWfeldsparpWWfewOWfieldLWfields]WfilledOWfinalUWWWfinalstagedepositionatchain'snorthenddaciteWVfineJW Wfine-grainedIWLWMW}WflankSWUWflat-lyingVW\Wflat-lyingandesiteanddacitelavaflowsatertiarytillite\VflatsLWMWfloodxWflowSWYWZWHWflowedNWflowsEWNWOWPWQWRWVWXW\WcWeWuWxW}WNWTWVWWWZWqW|W}WWWWWfluvial WflyschvWOWQWVWWW`WaW~WWWWWWflyschoidOWQWRW~W~W~W~W`W}WMW[W]Wformations~WW@WwWformingKWvWformsFW[WfossiluWCWVWfossil-poorvWwWWWNpbluffsDWLWbodiesWWWbodygWbombsZWboomerang\WborderIWxWyWborderingvWbothHWmnerLWbuiltIWbutBWbyIWKWTWXWyWcalcareouskWcalderaTWXWaWcalderasVWcapeMWcapitalKWcataclysmicZWcenterKWTWcentersVWcWchain'sWWcharacteristicallyxWDWchertBWCWchertywWCWchetaslinaIWYWZWchetaslinavolcanicmass-flowdepositprobablysourcedfromYVchieflyAWBWFWJWNWOWRWTW^W_WjWqW@WCWchieflyandesiteanddacite_VchieflyandesiteanddaciteheightandextensiveicecoverlRVchieflyandesitesmallandesiticshieldandsummitcalderaiTVchieflyandesiticflowshundredsofvoluminousandesiticlavNVchieflydaciteandrhyolite^VchieflydiscordantplutonsofgranodioriteandquartzmonzonqVchieflylimestoneanddolomiteminorchertandmarblelocallCVchieflymetasandstonemetatuffandquartzitegreenschist-facjVchieflyspiculitegraywackemudstoneandconglomeratedeposi@VchipsCW?XzdomesmountdrumvolcanoQVdomesmountjarvisvolcanoesWVdomesoldestvolcanicrockseVdriftGWHW WdriftofalaskanglaciationGVdriftofolderglaciationsHVdrumPWQWeagleyWzWeaglecreekformationmankomengroupyVeolianLWeoliandepositsLVfields]Wfine-grainedJW Wfine-graineddepositsJV Vfiord^WflowSWdWflowsPWRWYWZW[W\W]WcWqWflowsoftheicefieldsplateauoldervolcanicandsedimenta]VflyschOWQW`W~Wflyschyakutatgroup`VformationnWuWyWzW{WBWFWGWHWYW[W\W]WWWgabbrolWKWWWgabbroandorthogneissKVglaciationGWglaciationsHWglacierFWgneissRWgneissandschistvaldezgroupRVgranitebWgraniticUWXWuWvWgraniticplutonsUVXVuVvVgranodiorite!greenschist-faciesOW~Wgreenschist-faciesflyschvaldezgroupOV~VvolcanicrockscVlavaflowsandsedimentaryrocksoldervolcanicandsediment\VlavaflowsmountdrumvolcanoPVM#BBasaltic andesite, andesite, and dacite lava flows; andesitic lahar deposits. Sonya Creek (23-20 Ma) and other, unmapped, older Tertiary volcanic centers (26-23 Ma)CTwDMiocene or OligoceneE,Lava flows and lahars, Oldest volcanic rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.$A1042B0Obsidian-bearing lava within Sonya Creek calderaCTwrDMiocene or OligoceneE$Rhyolite flow, Oldest volcanic rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.l Park and Preserve&A2824ers, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve&A2824*>focalTWfoldedNW|W}WfoliatedIWxWyWforNWforksZWform}Wformation\W`W}WMW[W]WWWformations~WW@WwWformingKWvWformsFW[WWfossiluWCWVWWWWfossil-poorvWwW8\shieldNWTWVWXWshieldandintracalderalavascapitalmountainvolcanoTVshieldandintracalderalavasmountjarvisvolcanoesVVshieldandintracalderalavastanadapeakvolcanoXVshieldlavasmountwrangellvolcanoNVsills`WskolaiEWskolaigroupundividedEVslana{Wslanaspurformationmankomengroup{VslopeCWslopedepositsundifferentiatedCVsmall`WsnaggWsnagplutongVspringKWspur{WstationHWstationcreekformationHVstocks`WstrelnaLWzW{Wstrelnametamorphicsofplafkerandothers1989LVzV{Vsuperglacial Wsuperglacialdrift Vsurficial Wsurficialdepositsundifferentiated VWtetelnavolcanicsmankomengroup}VthanWthatWtheiWjWGWtokun\Wtokunformation\VtriassicwWtriassiclimestonewVtuffPWtuffs[WturbiditesVWWWWturbiditesorcagroupVVVVVtypicallyWultramaficlWmWunderlainWundifferentiatedCWundividedEWunitsSWW2&organicJW WoriginFWHWoriginatedUWorigins WorogenesisAWorogenyIWxWyWorthogneissrWLWzW{WotherJW\WcWqW W W WothersKWfWmWGWIWKW]WxWyWWWWout\WoutwashGWHWoverlainIWKWoverlieswWoverlyingLWzW{WpaaJWpagorWLWzW{WpaleozoicoW}WEWpamsWparthWoWpWsWuWKW[WWWpartiallywWGWMWparticularlyIWxWyWpassWwWpeEWpeatJW WpebblefWpebbletoboulderconglomerateandcoarse-grainedsandstonefVpelEWpennsylvanianKWMWNW|W}WperhapsIWxWyWperidotitelWmWWWWWpermianMWphKWphaseaWIWxWyWphasesqWWWphoto WphyllitehWkWLWNWOWQWRWzW{W|W}W~Wphyllite-greenstoneSWWpillowPWpillowedSWWWWWplKWMWplacedMWplafkerGWIWKWRW]W^WxWyWWplanttW]WWplateSWWplateau]WpleistoceneBWplugTWUW*(E9Metamorphic complex of Cottonwood Creek of Richter (1976)FRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.d others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve*A5635BOChiefly metasandstone, metatuff, and quartzite; greenschist-facies metamorphismCPzvcD8Permian(?, Pennsylvanian, Mississippian, and Devonian(?)E?Metavolcaniclastic rocks, Metamorphic rocks of the Carden HillsFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve+A7230BMainly phyllite, also includes calcareous mica-schist, quartzite, metaconglomerate, and thin marble lenses. Greenschist-facies metamorphism. Contains poorly preserved Devonian fossilsCDpDDevoniannschist-facies metamorphism. Contains poorly preserved Devonian fossilsCDpDDevonianC0KoccursalonghighsteepbluffsofthecopperriveranditspDVoceanvWoceanicnWKWNWSWTW|W}WWofBWCWDWFWGWIWKWLWMWNWRWTWVWYW\W]W`WaWeWfWgWhWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWuWxWCWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWQWRWSWWW[W]WaWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWW W WWWWWWWoff{Woily]WWolderDWHW`WcWuWHWLWTWqWzW{Wolivine[Wolivinebasaltandbasalticandesite[VonKWLWUW`WUWXWuWvW WoneKWNWorKWNWPWTWordovicianNW|W}W}W+EMetasedimentary rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000. gabbroFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve-A3340BGabbro, pyroxenite, peridotite and dunite. Includes the Nelchina River Gabbronorite, the Tonsina ultramafic, and a mafic sequence of Winkler and others (1980). K-Ar dates indicate ages of 188-171 MaCJntDMiddle or Early JurassicEMafic and ultramafic rocksFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve.A3250BlDominantly andesitic volcaniclastic rocks, products of Late Triassic and Early Jurassic oceanic volcanic arcCJTrtD"Early Jurassic and Late Triassic(?ETalkeetna Formationic oceanic volcanic arcCJTrtD"Early Jurassic and Late Triassic(?ETalkeetna Formation_bchisana`WhWchitinaHWHWLWzW{WchitistoneCWchititu~WchromititelWWWchugachUWXWuWvWcircumstancesAWclasticWYW[WwWWclayJW Wclay-pebbleIWclayey-siltKWclaystone[WWcloserLWzW{Wco2-chargedKWcoal]WWcoarse-grainedMWfWcoastalMWcoextensiveNW|W}Wcolluvial WcolluviumCWcolluviumconsistingoftalusandsmalllandslidesalsoinclCVcolumnarWWWcommunRW^WcomplexHWIWRWhWsWKWLWSWVWWWzW{WWWWWcomplexly^W`WaWWWcomplexlydeformedinterbeddedmudstoneandsandstoneminor^VWcone-in-coneyWconfluenceLWconglomeratefWtWvWxW{WW@WDW[W^WconglomeratesandstonesiltstoneandclasticsandylimestoneVconglomeratesandstonesiltstoneandmudstonelocallycontaitVconglomeratic\WconsistingCWconsistsuWHWconstructJWconstructedPWcontactfW0./A4410A'Amphibolite-grade metamorphic rocks of mainly quartz-feldspar schist, biotite-hornblende gneiss, and syenite-monzonite gneiss. Jurassic K-Ar ages in probability reflect a metamorphic age. Together with associated late Paleozoic plutons (PPadp) construct part of the Skolai-Tetelna magmatic arc'CPPadmDPermian(?) and PennsylvanianE!Diorite complex, metamorphic partFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.0A1011BHornblende-feldspar and feldspar porphyry plutons; in part, related to Wrangell volcanism. K-Ar dates indicate ages of 39-17 MaCTpDTertiaryEYounger plutons1A2520ers, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve1A2520&QproductsnWprogressionNW|W}WprogressiveMWprotolithTWproximalGWpumiceZWpyroclasticZWpyroxeneKWpyroxenitemWWWqcrDWHWOWqflIWqgDWqtw`Wquadrangle Wquartz`WgWhWqWsWIWJWxWyWWW:locatedKWLW`Wlow-gradientJW WlowerHWKWCWEWOW~WlowerlatepaleozoicmagmaticarcandassociateduppersedimEVlowestAWlowlandMWlubbe@WmaPWSWZW\W`WcWgWhWmWpWqWsWIWJWqWxWyWWWWWWmaccoll~WmaficmWOWQWRW~WWWmagmaticoWrWsW}WEWHWJWLWzW{WmagmaticarcconsistsofayoungervolcaniclasticmemberandHVsmhWiWjWkWmetasandstonejWmetasedimentaryhWmetatuffjWmethane-chargedKWmica-schistkWmightNWmineralKWminorAWBWmiocene]WdWmioceneoroligocenedVmonzonitegWqWsWmonzonite-granitesWmorainesGWHWmoreKWmosthWmotykaKWmountIWKWYWZWaWmountainKWmountainsfWsWmudKWMWmultipleIWna-hco3-richKWnabesnahWnadinaZWnamedLWZWgWnearKWnelchinamWneoglacialGWneoglacialdepositsofendlateralandgroundmoraineskamesGVnicholsIWnorthWWnorth-trendingVWnorthernfWnumerousIWnutzotinfWoccursDWhW(/pyroclasticZWpyroclasticflowsZVrhyoliteSWUWdWbWrhyolitedomeandflowmountsanfordvolcanoSVrhyoliteflowoldestvolcanicrocksdVrhyoliteporphyryandgranitebVrichterhWriverIWrockFWrockglacierdepositsFVrocks\W]W^W_WcWdWeWiWjWkWlWmWtW~WW@WZWqWwWWWWWsandstonefWsanfordRWSWschistRWTW^Wschistoflibertycreekofwinklerandothers1981TVschistofnunatakfiord^Vsedimentary\W]W^WtW~WW@WwWsedimentaryrocks@VsequencevWshallow`WWwWshallowmarinesedimentaryrocksVwVshallowplutonssmallstocksdikesandsills`VVs`Vills`Vs`VX@ESedimentary rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.AA3110BtConglomerate and minor sandstone deposited under rapid local marine circumstances during orogenesis. Fossils absentCJkEKotsina ConglomerateFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.BA3820B{Spiculite, impure chert and limestone, and shale deposited in a starved marine basin environment. Fossils locally abundantCJTrmD Early Jurassic and Late TriassicEMcCarthy FormationCA4030s, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveCA40307KmainlyaWkWoWxWOWQWRWWW~WWmainlymudstoneandgraywacketurbiditebedscarbonaceousphOVQV~Vmainlyphyllitealsoincludescalcareousmica-schistquartzikVmainlytabularbodiesofpillowedmassiveandcolumnarjointWVVmajorRWIWxWyWmakesWmalaspina]WWmankomenEWmapUWXWuWvWmapped[WWmarblekWCWGWLWNWaWzW{W|W}WWWWWmethane-chargedKWmica-schistkWmightNWmineralKWmineralogyxWminorAWBWvWCWmiocene]WdWmioceneoroligocenedVmoderate~WmoderatelyyWmonzonitegWqWsWmonzonite-granitesWmoonshine~WmorainesGWHWmoreKWmosthWmotykaKWmountIWKWYWZWaWmountainKW@WmountainsfWsW}WmudKWMWmudstonetW@WmultipleIWna-hco3-richKWnabesnahWnadinaZWnamedLWZWgWnearKWnearshoreW@WnelchinamWneoglacialGWneoglacialdepositsofendlateralandgroundmoraineskamesGVnicholsIWnizina@WnonvolcanogenicyWJgreenschisthWTW^W`WaWWWgreenschist-faciesiWjWkWHWNWOW|W}W~WgreenstoneaWWWgreywackeSWWgroundGWHWgroupKWEWKWSWWgroup's}WhasenMWhawkinsaWheadaWheightRWhighDWxWhigh-energyWwWhigh-silica]WhigherBW WhighsXWhills]WWhints WhistoricallyIWholoceneBWhornblendelWrWKWWWhornblendedioritegradingintogneissicdioritetogetherwirVhornblende-feldsparpWWhornblende-feldsparandfeldsparporphyryplutonsinpartrepVVhornfelsfWhotZWhubbs]WWhundredsNWhypabyssal`WbWiceFWRW]Wimpure{WBWBWiveBWKWincisedOWincludeBWFWqWincludesCWDWGWHWIWKWLWkWmW~WW@WincludingVWinclusionsyWindicate`WpWqWindicatesgWsWinformallyLWZWgWinformallynamedbodyofleucocraticbiotitequartzmonzonitgVinterbeddedIWOWwWinterbeddedglaciolacustrineglacialandalluvialdepositsiIVinterbedsxW#thinkWzWLWzW{Wthin-beddedwWtholeiiticxWPWSWWWWWtholeiiticmetabasaltandbasalticmeta-tufflocalpillowlaPVtholeiiticpillowedbasaltcherttuffgreywackeargilliteanSVVthreeRWthrustLWzW{Wtillite\WtoGWIWXW\W`WaWfWhWpWwWxWzW}W~WCWEWGWHWIWJWLWMWNWOWQWVWZW^W`WaWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWtogetheroWrWsWtonsinamWWWtopPWPWPWWtwoNWVWZWtypicalCWultramaficmWLWundatedNWunderWunderlyingeWunderstandingRWunmappedcWunsortedDWup^WaWupliftMWupperKWCWEWvalleyHWIWvalley-fillIWvalleysOWvariedYWventsRWvestiges}WvolcanicRWYWcWnWuWxW{WDWvolcaniclasticnWuWxW}WDWHW^WvolcanicsEWvolcanismpWvolcanoaWvolcanoesKWvoluminousNWwarmKWwarm-water]WwatersKWwave-depositedMWwave-depositedcoarse-grainedmaterialanddriftwoodalongsMVweaklyVWWWHvsandstoneFWVWYW[W\W]W^WwWWWWWWsandstoneandsiltstonedepositedatshallowtomoderatedep~VsandyWwWsanfordYWsatelliteVWschisthWoWLWNWQWRWzW{W|W}Wschulze~WscoriaZWseacoastMWsectionsxWsedimentMWsedimentary\WEWsequencefWmWvWxWNW|W}WWWsequencesMWserpentinizedlWWWserpentinizedperidotiteanddunitelocallycontainingchromlVVVserratedXWsetting@WCWseveralaWWWshaleBWFW]WWshallowwW~WCW\Wshallowmarineconcretionarysiltstoneandminorsandstone\V\V\V.fossil-rich\WwW{W@WFWGWfossil-richlenticularmarinelimestonepartiallyequivalentGVfossil-richmarineargilliteshaleandsandstonenonvolcanicFVfossil-richvolcanicsandstonesiltstoneconglomerateandim{VfossiliferouszWfossiliferousthintothick-beddedlimestonezVfossilskWtWyW~WWAWBWMWNW]WwW|W}WWfoundKW]WWfrederika\WfromIWRWSWUWYWZW`WIWxWyWfullCWgabbrolWmWrWJWKWLWzW{WWWWWgabbropyroxeniteperidotiteandduniteincludesthenelchinmVVVgabbroicyWPWgabbronoritemWWWgallowayIWgenerallyIWxWyWglacialCWHWIWOW W W@W]WWglaciersGWglacio-marineYWglaciolacustrineHWIWglauconitic[WWglidesEWgneisshWoWKWRWgneissbandedandmigmatiteincludestheamphibolite-faciesRVgneissicrWIWxWyWgradationMWgradeLWzW{WgradedvWgradingrWgranitehWIWJWUWXWtWuWvWxWyW,<bluffDWbluffcolluviumDVcapitalTWUWcardeniWjWcentralUWcentralandesiteplugrhyolitelaccolithanddikecapitalmoUVchisanauWchisanaformationuVchitinaIWxWyWchitinavalleybatholithIVxVyVchitistoneCWchitistoneandnizinalimestonesCVcinder[Wcinderconesflowsandtuffs[VcolluviumDWcomplexhWoWrWJWcones[WconglomeratefWAWconglomerateandsandstonefVcopperIWcopperriverdepositsIVcottonwoodhWcreekhWyWzWFWGWHWTW[WWdebrisYWdeltaMWdepositsCWEWFWIWJWKWLWMW W WdikeUWdikes_W`Wdikeshypabyssalandplutonicrocks_VdioriteoWrWdioritecomplexmetamorphicpartoVdioritecomplexplutonicpartrVdomeSWdomesQWWW^WeWdomesandintrusiverocksoldervolcanicandsedimentaryroc^Vc^Vroc^Vc^Vc^V^Vc^VV~$RamygdaloidalxWanRWTWZWsWCWHWandAWBWCWDWEWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWPWQWRWTWVWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WcWeWfWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W W WWWWWWWWWandesiteOWPWRWTWXWZW[W\W]W_W`WcWuWqWandesiteanddaciteflowsdikesconstructedduringandesiticPVandesiteflowsandlocalagglutinateslargeshieldandremnaXVandesitetodaciteporphyrydioriteandquartzdioritek-ar`VandesiticNWPWTWVWcWnWHWZWqWanomalouslyxWapparentlyRWarcnWoWuW{W}WEWHWLWzW{Warc'srWsWJWJWJWJWaintermingledRWinterpretation WintertidalwWintertidal-supratidaCWintoOWrWCWSWWintracalderaXWintrudedTWyW^WintrudingUWXWuWvWisRWRWgranitegranodioriteanddioriteintrudingchugachandprincUVXVuVvVgranitic^WgranodioriteqWsWUWXWuWvWWWWR2northWW`W[WWnorth-trendingVWnortheastSWnorthernfW}WEWJWKWnotUWXWuWvWnumerousIWnunatak]WWnutzotinfWobsidian-bearingdWobsidian-bearinglavawithinsonyacreekcalderadVoccurrences]WWoccurringNW|W}WoccursDWhWhWccursDWhWWEÃQ @jÄ1!@lÄA@xametamorphosedmarinesequenceofmarbleschistandphyllit@samphibolite-facies@~amygdaloidal@@are@$belt@Wbluffs@+boulder@Ncapital@_chisana@4composite@bcontaining@ depositedbywarmna-hco3-richco2-chargedsalinespringwat@diorite@ediscordant@eastern@especially@*focal@.fossil-rich@>glaciation@granitegranodioriteanddioriteintrudingchugachandprinc@Bgravel@greenschist@;in@Jinactivestreambedsandlowestterracesalonglargerstream@aintermingled@Aits@lobate@located@7mainly@:margin@Kmetaconglomerate@Smonzonitic@Rnorth@CB C C CB#E"B')C( A.B-&B1)B3-B50B63B96B=9BB@ Doccursalonghighsteepbluffsofthecopperriveranditsp@2organic@0plugrepresentsfinalactivitydikeoriginatedfromlaccolit@&products@6quartzmonzoniteandgranodioritediscordantzonedplutonto@Qriver@sandstoneF=shallow-marine@Hstages@streambeds@terrane's@rthickfar-rangingflow0.6maprobablysourcedfromnortheas@#thin@?@ABCEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^`abquvwxyz{|}~ P_ABUUX  $,.YesNo/,  , : AM PMOcK ABCDEF ABCDEFCDEFÄB!AÄCa.ÄDQ-ÄEIÄExÄEyÄG!TÄI1BÄQ:7ÄQACÄU!/ÄU18DÄcVLÄd6EÄeqKÄe,Äg6zÄgA;ÄgF*ÄgG)ÄhaFÄhfGÄhg:ÄiJÄi3Äi2Äj1{Äja9ÄjfMÄr1HÄs1=Ä1NÄA+ÄQ|Ä} O ABCDEFCdiorite`WhWqWrWIWKWUWXWuWvWxWyWWWWtqWsWbWsWdiscordanthypabyssalplutonsanddikesexposedbetweenmounbVdiscreteaWdiscreteblocksofgreenstonelimestonemarblegraywackecheaVdistributedIWdiverseIWYWxWyWdolomiteCWdolostone-richCWdomePWSWdomesQWRWVWdominantlynWLWdominantlyandesiticvolcaniclasticrocksproductsoflatetnVdominantlycalcareousmetasedimentaryrocksschistphylliteLVdphWdrawnUWXWtWuWvWdriftDWdriftwoodMWdrumKWYWZWdrum'sZWdunesLWdunesontopsofriverbluffswindblownflatsandriverbarsLVdunitelWmWduringPWZWearly\WnWearth-debrisEWeastKW]W]Weastern}WEWKWedificeRWeliassWemplacedJWLWemplacementPWenclosedhWIWxWendGWHWWWenvironmentBWCWeoceneUWXWtWuWvWepidote-amphibolite^WepisodeZWepisodesMWequivalentEWGWKWequivalents`WerodedVWerosionXWeruptionPWZW! D}ter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve|p W Wpamphlet W WparkAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWprellerAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWWWWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWhW"!fEH AK S B @@BBF A @ ABiB"AkB'FAnA)Eo@p!F#B-$&Bq(E1*+E3,.50F1Bv2F3Bw5z79@:Ey;=}>@E9BFCAE@LHBJAOKMLFMBTNOQCVSA[U@XBY[B]]A`^^^Fq@EmuF{xAyAPzAI{A|AU}A~E€F€E^€D€ B @d @cBLavas filled deeply incised glacial valleys cutting into the thick shield lavas (Qwws). A few far-reaching flows interbedded with the Copper River deposits (Qcr); chiefly andesiteCQwwvD-Holocene and Pleistocene, 0.65 Ma and youngerE)Valley-fill lavas, Mount Wrangell volcanoFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.eistocene, 0.6-0.2 MaELava flows, Mount Drum volcanoFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveA401B5Dacite and rhyolite domes; associated flows and dikesCQwdrDPleistocene, 0.6-0.2 MaEDomes, Mount Drum volcanoFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveA316hers, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveA316l ÃQ ÃQ0ÃV ÃV0ÃV`ÃW`Ãg`YÃx`[ÃyÃ\Ã]ÃÃ`VÃà Ã0Ä!"0Ä!Q#Ä!RqÄ!S$Ä!T%Ä!bZÄ!dbÄ!fÄ"6WÄ"FÄ#E Ä#a!Ä#UÄ$XÄ$uÄ$1'Ä%!(Ä'fvÄ*Q>Ä*R44RW^W23-20cWqW25000NW26-23cWqW285sW297-295JW3.0`W3.2-2.0\W39-17pW4.3-3.2\W50gW650000NW7.0`WaKWLWOWPWTWZW\WmWoWyW@WBWCWHWOWQWRWYW]WaWabundantZWqWtWyW~WWBWYW]WaccretedOWQWRWactiveAWactivityUWadvancesIWageBWgWhWoWsWUWXWages`WoWpWqWIWJWagglutinatesXWagoNWahtellJWalaska}WEWalaskanKWalexanderJWalgal-matCWalluvialAWBWCWIWalluviumIWalongAWBWDWIWJWMWYWfWIWalsoCWHWKWkWqWalterationfWxWDWalthoughxWDWamountsxWDWamphibolitehWLWamphibolite-faciesQWRWamphibolite-gradeoWamphibolite-grademetamorphicrocksofmainlyquartz-feldspaoVA402BZPlug represents final activity; dike originated from laccolith on shields southeast flankCQwcrDPleistocene, 1.0 MaELCentral andesite plug, rhyolite laccolith and dike, Capital Mountain volcanoFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.hield and intracaldera lavas, Mount Jarvis volcanoesFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveA401B3Final stage deposition at chains north end; daciteCQwjdDPleistocene, 1.7-1.0 MaEDomes, Mount Jarvis volcanoesFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveA451hers, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveA451jxÄ1!?Ä2!wÄ2SÄ2Ä4Q5Ä6!Ä611Ä6Ä8OÄ8~Ä8PÄ8!QÄ8&RÄ916Ä95&Ä9R`Ä:Ä:aaÄ:dÄ:eÄ:^ÄA@ÄB!AÄCa.ÄDQ-ÄEIÄExÄEyÄEÄFQÄFVÄG!TÄI1BÄQ:7ÄQACÄU!/ÄU18ÄcVLÄd6EÄeqKÄe,Äg6zÄgA;ÄgF*ÄgG)ÄhaFÄhfGÄhg:ÄiJÄi3Äi2Äj1{Äja9ÄjfMÄr1HÄs1=Ä1NNWmWoWyW@WBWCWHWOWQWRWYW]WaWabundantZWqWtWyW~WWBWYW]WsWaccretedOWQWRWactiveAWactivityUWadvancesIWageBWgWhWoWsWUWXWages`WmWoWpWqWIWJWsWagglutinatesXWagoNWahtellJWalaska}WEWalaskanKWalexanderJWalgal-matCWalluvialAWBWCWIWalluviumIWalongAWBWDWIWJWMWYWfWIWalsoCWHWKWkWqWsWalterationfWxWDWalthoughxWDWamountsxWDWamphibolitehWLWamphibolite-faciesQWRWamphibolite-gradeoWamphibolite-grademetamorphicrocksofmainlyquartz-feldspaoVqE,Lava flows and lahars, Oldest volcanic rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.CretaceousEMid-Cretaceous plutonsFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreservetA1300BGranite, granodiorite and diorite intruding Chugach and Prince William terranes; intermediate composition Eocene age dikes not drawn on mapCTgpD Eocene, 50 MaEGranitic plutonsFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveuA1308BGranite, granodiorite and diorite intruding Chugach and Prince William terranes; intermediate composition Eocene age dikes not drawn on mapCTgpD Eocene, 50 MaEGranitic plutonste composition Eocene age dikes not drawn on mapCTgpD Eocene, 50 MaEGranitic plutons)AHThe extensive informally named Nadina hot avalanche deposit resulting from Mount Drums cataclysmic eruption and a smaller pyroclastic flow (0.3 Ma) possibly derived during an explosive episode from Mount Drum deposited at Chetaslina Rivers two forks. Abundant bombs, scoria, pumice, and ash; lesser andesite and dacite blocksHCQpfD PleistoceneEPyroclastic flowsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.A320B$Olivine basalt and basaltic andesiteCQbcD PleistoceneECinder cones, flows, and tuffsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.A455p9E?Domes and intrusive rocks, Older volcanic and sedimentary rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.ofBChiefly andesite and daciteCQTwdD,Pleistocene, Pliocene, Miocene, or OligoceneE$Dikes, Hypabyssal and plutonic rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.ll volcanism, porphyry rocks may be hypabyssal equivalents of the older Wrangell lavas (QTw) and the Chisana Formation (Kc)OCThE/Shallow plutons, small stocks, dikes, and sillsFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve!A1250BwPlutonic phase of the Wrangell Lava exposed mainly at Hawkins Glacier head, marginal to Mount Blackburn volcano calderaCTgE GranodioriteFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve#A1040ers, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve#A1040t volcanic rocks'&BPebble to boulder conglomerate and coarse-grained sandstone. May reflect the Nutzotin Mountains sequence (KJs) of Berg and others (1972) northern shore facies; hornfels alteration along southern contact of the Snag pluton (Tsq)CMzcD/Early Cretaceous(? and Late Jurassic(? or olderEConglomerate and sandstoneFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.e(A1410A"Banded granite and quartz diorite gneiss enclosed in schist and phyllite, most likely part of the Devonian metasedimentary (Dp) rocks. Greenschist to amphibolite metamorphism yields metamorphic age of 20-17 Ma. Complex occurs within Denali Fault System between Nabesna and Chisana Rivers "CTcDTertiary within Denali Fault System between Nabesna and Chisana Rivers "CTcDTertiary#terrane's}WterranesJWUWXWuWvWterritoryNW|W}Wtertiary\WcW^WqWtetelna{WEWLWzW{Wtetelna-skolaiJWtexturexWtgp^Wthan`W WthatFW WtheDWHWIWKWOWZW\W`WaWeWfWhWmWoWrWsW{W}W~WW@WCWEWGWIWJWKWLWMWRWSW[W]W^WwWxWyWzW{WWWW WWWtheextensiveinformallynamednadinahotavalanchedepositZVtheirKWthickOWSWXWuWvWLWOWQWRWVWWWzW{W~WWWWWx~ametamorphosedmarinesequenceofmarbleschistandphyllitNV|V}VabsentAWabundantZWqWtWyW~WWBWSWYW]WwWWWWWaccretedOWQWRW~WactiveAWactivityUWadvancesIWageBWgWhWoWsWLWUWXWuWvWzW{Wages`WmWoWpWqWIWJWxWyWWWWWWagglutinatesXWagoNWahtellJWair Walaska}WEWalaskanKWalexanderJWNW|W}Walgal-matCWalluvialAWBWCWIWalluviumIWalmostrWalongAWBWDWIWJWMWYWfWIWSWxWyWW WalsoCWHWKWkWqW WWWalterationfWxWalthoughxWamountsxWamphibolitehWLWzW{W{W{W{WG!wrangell-saintWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWrichterAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWWll-sainteliasnatiVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVsAWscaleAWscientificAWseriesAWshewAWsim-2877AWsouthcentralAWsurveyAWuAW V VVVWr1BChiefly discordant plutons of granodiorite and quartz monzonite; also include quartz diorite, diorite, syenodiorite, and trondhjemite phases. K-Ar dates indicate ages of 117-105 Ma. Locally abundant xenolithsCKgD CretaceousEMid-Cretaceous plutonsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.2A5880A#Hornblende diorite grading into gneissic diorite. Together with associated metamorphics (PPadm), almost certainly represents roots of the Skolai-Tetelna magmatic arcs (PPat, PPas, and PPasc) roots. Possibly correlative with the gabbro and orthogneiss (Pago) in southern Wrangell Mountains#CPPadpDPermian(? and PennsylvanianEDiorite complex, plutonic part3A5871ers, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve3A5871 3BQuartz monzonite and granodiorite discordant zoned pluton. Together with the monzonite-granite complex (Pam) in Saint Elias Mountains make part of the Skolai-Tetelna magmatic arcs (PPat, PPas, and PPasc) core. K-Ar data indicates an age of 285 MaCPaaD PennsylvanianE Ahtell plutonFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.nd Preserve5A2340AThick volcanic arc assemblage of marine and subaerial volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks. Younger part consists of andesite and basaltic andesite flows, and volcaniclastic rocks; older part consists of volcaniclastic rocks and locally fossil rich marine argillite and graywackeCKcDEarly CretaceousEChisana Formation rich marine argillite and graywackeCKcDEarly CretaceousEChisana FormationlsÄA+ÄQ|Ä}0.25PW0.3ZW0.6SW1.0\W1.6-0.8\W117-105qWWW122IWxWyW157-138IWxWyW188-171mWWW1972fW1980mWWW1986IW1987]WW1989IWKWGWIWKWxWyW20-17hW2000RW^W23-20cWqW25000NW26-23cWqW285sW297-295JW3.0`W3.2-2.0\W39-17pWW4.3-3.2\W50gW650000NW7.0`WaKWLWOWPWTWZW\WmWoWyW@WBWCWHWNWOWQWRWSWYW]WaW|W}W~WWWWWWWntZWqWtWyW~WWBWYW]WsWwWaccretedOWQWRWactiveAWactivityUWadvancesIWageBWgWhWoWsWLWUWXWtWuWvWzW{Wages`WmWoWpWqWIWJWsWxWyWagglutinatesXWagoNWahtellJWalaska}WEWalaskanKWalexanderJWNW|Walgal-matCWalluvialAWBWCWIWalluviumIWalmostrWalongAWBWDWIWJWMWYWfWIWxWyWalsoCWHWKWkWqWsWalterationfWxWDWalthoughxWDWamountsxWDWamphibolitehWLWzW{W#:E2Limestone of Eagle Creek Formation, Mankomen GroupFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.r and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve=A6220AgSubaerial and submarine basaltic to dacite lava, lahar flows, tuff deposits, and fine-grained volcaniclastic rocks. Extensive late Paleozoic magmatic arc vestiges form Wrangellia terranes basement in northern Wrangell Mountains and eastern Alaska Range. Correlates to the Skolai Groups (PPas) Station Creek Formation( PPasc) in southern Wrangell MountainsgCPPatDEarly Permian and PennsylvanianE!Tetelna Volcanics, Mankomen GroupFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve56A2820BArgillite-graywacke graded beds and minor conglomerate, sandstone, and limestone; forming thick deep ocean trench fossil-poor marine flysch sequence bordering Wrangellia terraneCKJsD"Early Cretaceous and Late JurassicE5Nutzotin Mountains sequence of Berg and others (1972)FRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.7A4029BLocally fossil-rich, thin-bedded limestone and interbedded argillite in partially starved marine basin; overlies shallow marine to intertidal fossil-poor cherty massive limestoneCTrlD Late TriassicETriassic limestoneFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.uvA1655BGranite, granodiorite and diorite intruding Chugach and Prince William terranes; intermediate composition Eocene age dikes not drawn on mapCTgpD Eocene, 50 MaEGranitic plutonsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.wA2110BConglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, and clastic sandy limestone deposited under nearshore, high-energy, transgressive marine conditions; locally, concretions and abundant fossils. Includes the Kennicott, Kuskulana Pass, and Berg Creek FormationsCKlDEarly CretaceousE Shallow marine sedimentary rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.xA3402gnationalAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWofAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W W W WWWWWWWWopen-file W W W WWW=>A1940BSandstone and siltstone deposited at shallow to moderate depths; locally abundant marine fossils. Includes the MacColl Ridge, Chititu, Schulze, and Moonshine Creek FormationsCKuDEarly and Late CretaceousEMarine sedimentary rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.ass, and Berg Creek FormationsCKlDEarly CretaceousE Shallow marine sedimentary rocksFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve@A3000BChiefly spiculite, graywacke, mudstone, and conglomerate deposited in a shallow-marine and nearshore littoral setting. Includes the fossil-rich Lubbe Creek, Nizina Mountain, and Root Glacier FormationsCJsDLate, Middle, or Early Jurassiceek, Nizina Mountain, and Root Glacier FormationsCJsDLate, Middle, or Early Jurassics@wamphibolite-faciesQWRWamphibolite-gradeoWamphibolite-grademetamorphicrocksofmainlyquartz-feldspaoVediscordantqWsWbWWWdiscordanthypabyssalplutonsanddikesexposedbetweenmounbVdiscreteaWWWdiscreteblocksofgreenstonelimestonemarblegraywackecheaVVVdistributedIWdiverseIWYWxWyWdolomiteCWdolostone-richCWdomePWSWdomesQWRWVWdominantlynWLWzW{WdominantlyandesiticvolcaniclasticrocksproductsoflatetnVdominantlycalcareousmetasedimentaryrocksschistphylliteLVzV{VdphWdrawnUWXWuWvWdriftDW WdriftwoodMWdrumKWYWZWLWzW{Wdrum'sZWdunesLWdunesontopsofriverbluffswindblownflatsandriverbarsLVdunitelWmWWWWWduringPWZWAWearly\WnWMWSWWearth-debrisEWeastKW]W]WWLWzW{WemplacementPWenclosedhWIWxWyWendGWHWWWenvironmentBWCWeoceneUWXWtWuWvWepidote-amphibolite^WepisodeZWepisodesMWequivalentEWGWKWMWequivalents`WerodedVWerosionXWeruptionPWZWCAvChiefly limestone and dolomite; minor chert and marble; locally fossil rich. The upper Chitistone and cherty Nizina deposited in a shallow to moderately deep marine neritic environment; transition into an intertidal-supratidal setting with local sabkha facies full of algal-mat chips, stromatolites, and evaporate relics typical of the dolostone-rich lower Chitistone rocksvCTrcnD Late TriassicE Chitistone and Nizina LimestonesFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000. prehnite-pumpellyite facies although alteration rarely masks primary mineralogy and texture. Contains anomalously high amounts of copper^CTrnDLate and(or Middle TriassicENikolai Greenstone high amounts of copper^CTrnDLate and(or Middle TriassicENikolai GreenstoneHBMagmatic arc consists of a younger volcaniclastic member and an older andesitic and basaltic lava flow member, both of submarine origin; locally metamorphosed to greenschist-facies south of Chitina Fault CPPascDEarly Permian and PennsylvanianEStation Creek FormationFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.(PPasm). K-Ar dates indicate plutonic ages of 157-138 Ma, foliated phase ages are as young as 122 Ma; synchronous with Late Jurassic major regional orogeny perhaps related to subduction along Border Ranges FaultCJcD Late JurassicEChitina Valley batholithFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveJA5870s, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveJA5870{PxACompositionally diverse quartz monzodiorite, ranging from granite to diorite, generally foliated and locally gneissic particularly within plutons enclosed by the Strelna Metamorphics of Plafker and others (1989) (PPasm). K-Ar dates indicate plutonic ages of 157-138 Ma, foliated phase ages are as young as 122 Ma; synchronous with Late Jurassic major regional orogeny perhaps related to subduction along Border Ranges FaultCJcD Late JurassicEChitina Valley batholithFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.yA3403{ADominantly calcareous metasedimentary rocks, schist, phyllite, amphibolite, and marble; lesser quartzite, meta-andesite, and metabasalt in thin to thick thrust sheets containing local pods of the tectonically emplaced ultramafic rock and marble (PPam); overlying the gabbro and orthogneiss (Pago). Includes the Jurassic Uranatina Metaplutonic Complex and the Dadina Schist of Carboniferous and possibly older(?) age exposed near Mount Drum. Metamorphic grade increases closer to the Chitina VBwalley batholith (Jc) and might represent metamorphosed roots of the SkolaiTetelna magmatic arc (PPat, PPas, and PPasc)eCPPasmDOJurassic(?, Triassic(?, Permian, Early Pennsylvanian, and Late Mississippian(?)E1Strelna Metamorphics of Plafker and others (1989)FRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.U\}AA metamorphosed marine sequence of marble, schist, and phyllite; minor meta-tuff, flows, breccia, and meta-conglomerate; probably oceanic crustal progression with carbonate reefs. Poorly preserved Ordovician, Devonian, and possible Mississippian and Pennsylvanian fossils present. Metamorphosed to upper greenschist-facies and locally intensely folded. Coextensive with widely occurring rocks within neighboring Yukon Territory, Canada; potentially representing westernmost known extent of ABlexander(? terraneCPzkD3Pennsylvanian, Mississippian, Devonian(?, and olderE Kaskawulsh Group of Kindle(1953)FRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.st-faciesCKvDLate Cretaceousp marine rocks. Flysch metamorphosed to lower greenschist-faciesCKvDLate CretaceousgeologyAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWWWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_WinvestigationsAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^WkAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_WlabayAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_WmapAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^WnAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W~E'Greenschist-facies flysch, Valdez GroupFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000. Complex, a structurally complex and chaotic assemblage of oceanic rocks containing abundant slightly deformed radiolarian chert; and a mlange-like unit between the McHugh Complex and the Valdez Group (Kv)CKJmD.mid-Cretaceous, Jurassic(?), and Late TriassicEMlange units, Valdez GroupFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve€A950BMudstone to sandstone, locally fossil rich, submarine gravity flows. Weakly metamorphosed flysch and basalt thick submarine fan complexCTosDearly Eocene and late PaleoceneETurbidites, Orca Groupck submarine fan complexCTosDearly Eocene and late PaleoceneETurbidites, Orca Group!NOA2700BMainly mudstone and graywacke turbidite beds, carbonaceous phyllite, minor mafic tuff and breccia in a thick regionally extensive belt of accreted flyschoid deep marine rocks. Flysch metamorphosed to lower greenschist-faciesCKvDLate CretaceousE'Greenschist-facies flysch, Valdez GroupFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.angell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveQA2710BMainly mudstone and graywacke turbidite beds, carbonaceous phyllite, minor mafic tuff and breccia in a thick regionally extensive belt of accreted flyschoid deep marine rocks. Flysch metamorphosed to amphibolite-facies schistcreted flyschoid deep marine rocks. Flysch metamorphosed to amphibolite-facies schistcreted flyschoid deep marine rocks. Flysch metamorphosed to amphibolite-facies schist b and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveUA1273BGranite, granodiorite and diorite intruding Chugach and Prince William terranes; intermediate composition Eocene age dikes not drawn on mapCTgpD Eocene, 50 MaEGranitic plutonsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.s, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveWA1125BMainly tabular bodies of pillowed, massive, and columnar jointed tholeiitic basalt lava flows; locally interbedded minor mudstone and siltstone. Weakly metamorphosed flysch and basalt thick submarine fan complexCTovDearly Eocene and late PaleoceneEBasalt, Orca GroupFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveXA1300ers, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveXA1300a GroupXXBGranite, granodiorite and diorite intruding Chugach and Prince William terranes; intermediate composition Eocene age dikes not drawn on mapCTgpD Eocene, 50 MaEGranitic plutonsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.YA565BMudstone, siltstone, sandstone, and diamictite in a diverse marine and glacio-marine clastic continental shelf deposit. Abundant mega- and micro-faunaCQTyD/Holocene(?), Pleistocene, Pliocene, and MioceneEYakataga FormationFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.eology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve[A675*Aeastern}WEWKWedificeRWelevation WeliassWemplacedJWLWzW{WemplacementPWenclosedhWIWxWyWendGWHWWWenvironmentBWCWeoceneUWXWuWvWepidote-amphibolite^WepisodeZWepisodesMWequivalentEWGWKWMWequivalents`WerodedVWerosionXWeruptionPWZWZW^`A2841BqGraywacke, siltstone, and argillite. Complexly deformed flysch and mlange locally recrystallized to greenschistCKyfDCretaceous and Jurassic(?)EFlysch, Yakutat GroupFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.d mlange locally recrystallized to greenschistCKymDCretaceous and Jurassic(?)EMlange, Yakutat GroupFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreservebA1053BTDiscordant hypabyssal plutons and dikes exposed between Mount Augusta and Mount CookCTdDPliocene(?) or Miocene(?)ERhyolite porphyry and granitet Augusta and Mount CookCTdDPliocene(?) or Miocene(?)ERhyolite porphyry and granitet Augusta and Mount CookCTdDPliocene(?) or Miocene(?)ERhyolite porphyry and granite$€DCretaceous and Jurassic(?)EMlange, Yakutat GroupFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.nd mlange locally recrystallized to greenschistCKymDCretaceous and Jurassic(?)EMlange, Yakutat GroupFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve€ A99A#Areas that air photo interpretation suggest as being underlain by bedrock. Typically are of higher elevation than surrounding glacial deposits and show hints of structure. Also includes rubble of metasiltstone and chert in the Kantishna River quadrangle and other areas of unknown bedrock #CbuEBedrock of unknown type or ageF Wilson and others, 1998 (DOGmap)€ A100#CbuEBedrock of unknown type or ageF Wilson and others, 1998 (DOGmap)€ A100ernaryC100DQs eliasf W Wgeologic W WgeologicalAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W W W WWWWWWWWWgupreserveAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWr W Wreport W W WeliasAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWWmqA1041BBasaltic andesite, andesite, and dacite lava flows; andesitic lahar deposits. Sonya Creek (23-20 Ma) and other, unmapped, older Tertiary volcanic centers (26-23 Ma)CTwDMiocene or Oligocene-20 Ma) and other, unmapped, older Tertiary volcanic centers (26-23 Ma)CTwDMiocene or Oligocene-20 Ma) and other, unmapped, older Tertiary volcanic centers (26-23 Ma)CTwDMiocene or Oligocene(23-20 Ma) and other, unmapped, older Tertiary volcanic centers (26-23 Ma)CTwDMiocene or Oligocene-20 Ma) and other, unmapped, older Tertiary volcanic centers (26-23 Ma)CTwDMiocene or Oligocene-20 Ma) and other, unmapped, older Tertiary volcanic centers (26-23 Ma)CTwDMiocene or Oligocene-20 Ma) and other, unmapped, older Tertiary volcanic centers (26-23 Ma)CTwDMiocene or Oligocene-20 Ma) and other, unmapped, older Tertiary volcanic centers (26-23 Ma)CTwDMiocene or Oligocene (23-20 Ma) and other, unmapped, older Tertiary volcanic centers (26-23 Ma)CTwDMiocene or Oligocene>B{glaciationHWglaciationsDWglacierCWFWMW]WaW@W]WWglaciersGW Wglacio-marineYWglaciolacustrineHWIWglauconitic[WWglidesEWgneisshWoWKWRWgneissbandedandmigmatiteincludestheamphibolite-faciesRVgneissicrWIWxWyWgradationMWgradeLWzW{WgradedvWgradingrWgranitehWIWJWUWXWuWvWxWyWyW<topographicXWtopsLWtp`WyWtransgressiveWwWtransitionCWtrenchvWtriassicnWyWSWWtributariesDWtrnyWtrondhjemiteqWWWtsqfWtuff}WOWQWRWSWTW[W~WWWturbiditeOWQWRW~WtweWtwoNWVWZWtypicalCWtypically WultramaficmWLWzW{WWWunconsolidated Wunconsolidatedsiltsandandgraveloffluvialglacialcollu VWWunknown WunmappedcWqWunsortedDWup^WaWWWupliftMWupperKWCWEWNW|W}WuranatinaLWzW{WvaldezSWWvalleyHWIWLWzW{Wvalley-fillIWvalleysOWvariedYWventsRWvestiges}WvolcanicRWYW\WcWnWuWxW{WDWqWvolcaniclasticnWuWxW}WDWHW^WvolcanicsEWvolcanism`WpWvolcanoaWeWvolcanoesKWvoluminousNWwarmKWwarm-water]WWwatersKWwave-depositedMWwave-depositedcoarse-grainedmaterialanddriftwoodalongsMVweaklyVWWWWWWundatedNWunderWAWwWunderlain WunderlyingeWunderstandingRWunitSWWunknown WunmappedcWqWunsortedDWup^WaWWWupliftMWupperKWCWEWNW|W}WuranatinaLWzW{WvaldezSWWvalleyHWIWLWzW{Wvalley-fillIWvalleysOWvariedYWventsRWvestiges}WvolcanicRWYW\WcWnWuWxW{WqWvolcaniclasticnWuWxW}WHW^WvolcanicsEWvolcanism`WpWWvolcanoaWeWvolcanoesKWvoluminousNWwarmKWwarm-water]WWwatersKWwave-depositedMWwave-depositedcoarse-grainedmaterialanddriftwoodalongsMVweaklyVWWWWWWWW€€A2954ADiscrete blocks of greenstone, limestone, marble, graywacke, chert, conglomerate, and plutonic rocks, up to several kilometers in greatest dimension, in a sheared matrix of mudstone. Complexly deformed flysch and mlange locally recrystallized to greenschistCKymDCretaceous and Jurassic(?)EMlange, Yakutat GroupFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.€ A99A#Areas that air photo interpretation suggest as being underlain by bedrock. Typically are of higher elevation than surrounding glacial deposits and show hints of structure. Also includes rubble of metasiltstone and chert in the Kantishna River quadrangle and other areas of unknown bedrock #CbuEBedrock of unknown type or age€ A100and others, 1998 (DOGmap)€ A100A109BIn higher terraces along larger streams and in inactive alluvial fans. Predominantly of Pleistocene age, but may include localized Holocene deposits. Chiefly well sorted gravel and sand; minor silt and bouldersCQaoDHolocene and PleistoceneEOlder alluviumFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.A107BColluvium consisting of talus and small landslides, also includes small glacial, rock glacier, and alluvial deposits. Sand, gravel, boulders, diamicton, and rubbleCQuDHolocene and PleistoceneE Slope deposits, undifferentiatedFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.A107G^wilson W Wwilsonfhdoverjhbradleydcweberfrbundtzentkand V Vndtzentkand V V VV VV VVurichterdhprellercclabaykaandshewnb2005geologyAVBVCVDVEVFVGVHVIVJVKVLVMVNVOVPVQVRVSVTVUVVVWVXVYVZV[V\V]V^V_V`VaVcVdVeVfVgVhViVjVkVlVmVnVoVpVqVrVsVtVuVvVwVxVyVzV{V}V~VV@VAVBVCVEVFVGVHVIVJVKVLVMVNVOVPVQVRVSVTVUVVVWVXVYVZV[V\V]V^V`VaVbVqVuVvVwVxVyVzV{V|V}V~VVVVVVVVV V VVVVVVVVsAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W W W WWWWWWWWWWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WA127BWWell-defined lobate forms that may include glacier ice cores. Chiefly blocks of rubbleCQrgDHoloceneERock glacier depositsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.A130cAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W W W WWWWWWWWcentral W WdAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W W W WWWWWWWWdover W W W WFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000. A124  A112B{In ponds, swamps, lagoons, and along low-gradient streams. Chiefly silt, clay, fine sand, peat, and other organic materialCQflDHoloceneEFine-grained depositsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000. A118  A120BDunes on tops of river bluffs, windblown flats, and river bars. Includes informally named Bremner sand dunes, a large barchan field, located at confluence of Bremner and Copper Rivers. Fine-grained sandCQeDHoloceneEEolian depositsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000. A115bKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWbradley W Wbundtzen W W WandAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W W W WWWWWWWWappendix W WbAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWWJWi  A301BChiefly andesitic flows. Hundreds of voluminous andesitic lavas flowed for 650,000 years, concluding 25,000 years ago; one or two undated flows might be youngerCQwwsD-Holocene and Pleistocene, 0.65 Ma and youngerE$Shield lavas, Mount Wrangell volcanoFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.A301i"A301BAndesite and dacite flows; dikes. Constructed during andesitic cone( or shield) building and rhyolite-dacite ring dome emplacement cycles. A late (0.25 Ma) cataclysmic eruption destroyed top and south sidesCQwdDPleistocene, 0.6-0.2 MaELava flows, Mount Drum volcanoFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.A401B5Dacite and rhyolite domes; associated flows and dikesCQwdrDPleistocene, 0.6-0.2 MaEDomes, Mount Drum volcanoFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.A316"kA401BKThick far-ranging flow (0.6 Ma) probably sourced from northeast flank dome CQwsrDPleistocene, 0.9-0.5 MaE-Rhyolite dome and flow, Mount Sanford volcanoFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.A301BChiefly andesite. Small andesitic shield and summit caldera intruded at center by an andesite plug, focal point of a spectacular radial basaltic andesitic dike swarmCQwcDPleistocene, 1.0 MaE7Shield and intracaldera lavas, Capital Mountain volcanoFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.k'A355BExtensive flat-lying andesitic flows. North-trending linear succession of centers including at least two summit calderas and eroded andesitic shields; satellite dacite domes and flowsCQwjDPleistocene, 1.7-1.0 MaE5Shield and intracaldera lavas, Mount Jarvis volcanoesFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.A401B3Final stage deposition at chains north end; daciteCQwjdDPleistocene, 1.7-1.0 MaEDomes, Mount Jarvis volcanoesFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.A451'nFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.A314)o'A452B`Massive dacite and high-silica andesite lavas capping Ice Fields Plateau east of Nabesna GlacierCQTwiD!Pleistocene, Pliocene, or MioceneEEFlows of the Ice Fields Plateau, Older volcanic and sedimentary rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.A465BChiefly dacite and rhyoliteCQTwrD!Pleistocene, Pliocene, or MiocenesurveyAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W W W WWWWWWWWt W WuAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W W W WWWWWWWWweber W W W Wp/ A1234AOAndesite to dacite porphyry, diorite, and quartz diorite. K-Ar dates indicate ages range from 7.0 to 3.0 Ma, younger than the plutons (Tp) located on north side of Wrangell Mountains. Probably related to Wrangell volcanism, porphyry rocks may be hypabyssal equivalents of the older Wrangell lavas (QTw) and the Chisana Formation (Kc)OCThE/Shallow plutons, small stocks, dikes, and sillsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.!A1250BwPlutonic phase of the Wrangell Lava exposed mainly at Hawkins Glacier head, marginal to Mount Blackburn volcano calderaCTgE Granodiorite#A1040ers, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve#A1040 geologyhAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W W W WWWWWWWWhaeussler W Winterior W WinvestigationsAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWj W W W W`WaWcWdWeWfW-!FRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.#A1040-q$%A1043B\Dacite and rhyolite underlying the lava flows and lahar deposits (Tw) of Sonya Creek volcanoCTwdDMiocene or OligoceneEDomes, Oldest volcanic rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.&A2824q1&'A1320B`Informally named body of leucocratic biotite quartz monzonite. K-Ar date indicates age of 50 MaCTsqDTertiary, 50 MaE Snag plutonFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.(A1410A"Banded granite and quartz diorite gneiss enclosed in schist and phyllite, most likely part of the Devonian metasedimentary (Dp) rocks. Greenschist to amphibolite metamorphism yields metamorphic age of 20-17 Ma. Complex occurs within Denali Fault System between Nabesna and Chisana Rivers "CTcDTertiarykAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W W W WWWWWWWWlabayAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWWWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWscientificAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWseriesAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWsheets W W W WWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWsWW1()A5636BRSlightly porphyritic meta-andesite and metabasalt; greenschist-facies metamorphismCPzvD8Permian(?, Pennsylvanian, Mississippian, and Devonian(?)E9Metavolcanic rocks, Metamorphic rocks of the Carden HillsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.*A5635BOChiefly metasandstone, metatuff, and quartzite; greenschist-facies metamorphismCPzvcD8Permian(?, Pennsylvanian, Mississippian, and Devonian(?)E?Metavolcaniclastic rocks, Metamorphic rocks of the Carden HillsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.tamorphism. Contains poorly preserved Devonian fossilsCDpDDevonian3*+A7230BMainly phyllite, also includes calcareous mica-schist, quartzite, metaconglomerate, and thin marble lenses. Greenschist-facies metamorphism. Contains poorly preserved Devonian fossilsCDpDDevonian3+,A5470BmSerpentinized peridotite and dunite, locally containing chromitite, leucocratic gabbro, and hornblende gabbroCMzPzuD@Cretaceous(?, Jurassic(?, Triassic, Permian, and Pennsylvanian(?E'Alpine-type ultramafic rocks and gabbroFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000. Early JurassicEMafic and ultramafic rocksFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve.A3250BlDominantly andesitic volcaniclastic rocks, products of Late Triassic and Early Jurassic oceanic volcanic arcCJTrtD"Early Jurassic and Late Triassic(?ETalkeetna Formationic oceanic volcanic arcCJTrtD"Early Jurassic and Late Triassic(?ETalkeetna Formation5,-A3340BGabbro, pyroxenite, peridotite and dunite. Includes the Nelchina River Gabbronorite, the Tonsina ultramafic, and a mafic sequence of Winkler and others (1980). K-Ar dates indicate ages of 188-171 MaCJntDMiddle or Early JurassicEMafic and ultramafic rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000..A3250BlDominantly andesitic volcaniclastic rocks, products of Late Triassic and Early Jurassic oceanic volcanic arcCJTrtD"Early Jurassic and Late Triassic(?ETalkeetna FormationFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.5v0FRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.1A2520vw2FRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.3A5871wz34A1941BZConglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone locally containing abundant plant fossilsCKunDLate CretaceousENonmarine sedimentary rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.5A2340AThick volcanic arc assemblage of marine and subaerial volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks. Younger part consists of andesite and basaltic andesite flows, and volcaniclastic rocks; older part consists of volcaniclastic rocks and locally fossil rich marine argillite and graywackeCKcDEarly CretaceousEChisana FormationFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.z78A4420AVWidespread sequence of tholeiitic flood basalt flows, mainly subaerial and characteristically amygdaloidal; subordinate volcaniclastic interbeds and volcanic conglomerate basal sections. Metamorphosed to prehnite-pumpellyite facies although alteration rarely masks primary mineralogy and texture. Contains anomalously high amounts of copperVCTrnDLate and(or Middle Triassic)ENikolai GreenstoneFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.yx9A5950BNonvolcanogenic argillite and siltstone deposited in a moderately deep quiet basin. Abundant fossils, cone-in-cone structures, and concretions. Intruded by locally abundant Triassic gabbroic inclusions (Trn) and porphyry dikes and sills (Tp)CPeD Early PermianE%Eagle Creek Formation, Mankomen GroupFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.:A5756B-Fossiliferous thin- to thick-bedded limestoneCPelD Early Permianrly Permiany:;A5630BFossil-rich volcanic sandstone, siltstone, conglomerate, and impure bioclastic limestone; shed off the Tetelna volcanic arc (PPat)CPPassDEarly Permian and PennsylvanianE$Slana Spur Formation, Mankomen GroupFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.rangell Mountains and eastern Alaska Range. Correlates to the Skolai Groups (PPas) Station Creek Formation( PPasc) in southern Wrangell MountainsgCPPatDEarly Permian and PennsylvanianE!Tetelna Volcanics, Mankomen GroupFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and PreserveFTRichter and others, 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve};=A6220AgSubaerial and submarine basaltic to dacite lava, lahar flows, tuff deposits, and fine-grained volcaniclastic rocks. Extensive late Paleozoic magmatic arc vestiges form Wrangellia terranes basement in northern Wrangell Mountains and eastern Alaska Range. Correlates to the Skolai Groups (PPas) Station Creek Formation( PPasc) in southern Wrangell MountainsgCPPatDEarly Permian and PennsylvanianE!Tetelna Volcanics, Mankomen GroupFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.}92>?A2010BConglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, and clastic sandy limestone deposited under nearshore, high-energy, transgressive marine conditions; locally, concretions and abundant fossils. Includes the Kennicott, Kuskulana Pass, and Berg Creek FormationsCKlDEarly CretaceousE Shallow marine sedimentary rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.@A3000BChiefly spiculite, graywacke, mudstone, and conglomerate deposited in a shallow-marine and nearshore littoral setting. Includes the fossil-rich Lubbe Creek, Nizina Mountain, and Root Glacier FormationsCJsDLate, Middle, or Early Jurassichwrangell-saint@t 20053 W W63 W W98-133 W WaAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWalaskaAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W W W WWWWWWWWWWE_2005and@bKc@elias@geology@k@map@national@|p@gpreserve@richter@urichterdhprellercclabaykaandshewnb2005geology@scale@scientific@shew@sim-2877@survey@wilson@wrangell-saint@Gtt9BFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.CA4030sim-2877AWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWsouthcentralAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWWWL CDA4420A^Widespread sequence of tholeiitic flood basalt flows, mainly subaerial and characteristically amygdaloidal, include subordinate volcaniclastic interbeds and volcanic conglomerate basal sections. Metamorphosed to prehnite-pumpellyite facies although alteration rarely masks primary mineralogy and texture. Contains anomalously high amounts of copper^CTrnDLate and(or Middle TriassicENikolai GreenstoneFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.L:EFA5750BFFossil-rich marine argillite, shale, and sandstone; nonvolcanic originCPhD Early PermianEHasen Creek FormationFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.GA5755B~Fossil-rich, lenticular, marine limestone; partially equivalent to the Strelna metamorphic marble of Plafker and others (1989)CPlD Early PermianE&Limestone of the Hasen Creek FormationFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.HA6120OHIA3401ACompositionally diverse quartz monzodiorite, ranging from granite to diorite, generally foliated and locally gneissic particularly within plutons enclosed by the Strelna Metamorphics of Plafker and others (1989) (PPasm). K-Ar dates indicate plutonic ages of 157-138 Ma, foliated phase ages are as young as 122 Ma; synchronous with Late Jurassic major regional orogeny perhaps related to subduction along Border Ranges FaultCJcD Late JurassicEChitina Valley batholithFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.JA5870OMJKA5460AzInterlayered hornblende pyroxene gabbro and monzonitic gneiss; overlain by the Skolai Group (PPas, Ph, Pl, and PPasc) and their metamorphosed equivalent, the Strelna Metamorphics of Plafker and others (1989) (PPasm). Represents, in part, Pennsylvanian oceanic crust correlative with the diorite complex (PPadm and PPadp) in northern Wrangell Mountains and eastern Alaskan RangezCPagoD PennsylvanianEGabbro and orthogneissFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.MTLFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.MA5955TmMNA7220AA metamorphosed marine sequence of marble, schist, and phyllite; minor meta-tuff, flows, breccia, and meta-conglomerate; probably oceanic crustal progression with carbonate reefs. Poorly preserved Ordovician, Devonian, and possible Mississippian and Pennsylvanian fossils present. Metamorphosed to upper greenschist-facies and locally intensely folded. Coextensive with widely occurring rocks within neighboring Yukon Territory, Canada; potentially representing westernmost known extent of ABlexander(? terraneCPzkD3Pennsylvanian, Mississippian, Devonian(?, and olderE Kaskawulsh Group of Kindle(1953)FRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.VOPA2705BlTholeiitic metabasalt and basaltic meta-tuff, local pillow lava and pillow breccia, gabbroic dikes and sillsCKvvDLate CretaceousE+Metamorphosed basalt and tuff, Valdez GroupFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.QA2710BMainly mudstone and graywacke turbidite beds, carbonaceous phyllite, minor mafic tuff and breccia in a thick regionally extensive belt of accreted flyschoid deep marine rocks. Flysch metamorphosed to amphibolite-facies schist|mapAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W W W WWWWWWWWnAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWWW[STA3610BBasalt flows, breccia, and tuff; regionally metamorphosed greenschist- and blueschist-facies Middle Jurassic or older oceanic assemblage protolithCJlcD Jurassic(?E4Schist of Liberty Creek of Winkler and others (1981)FRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.UVA875BMudstone to sandstone, locally fossil rich, submarine gravity flows. Weakly metamorphosed flysch and basalt thick submarine fan complexCTosDearly Eocene and late PaleoceneETurbidites, Orca GroupFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.WA1125BMainly tabular bodies of pillowed, massive, and columnar jointed tholeiitic basalt lava flows; locally interbedded minor mudstone and siltstone. Weakly metamorphosed flysch and basalt thick submarine fan complexCTovDearly Eocene and late PaleoceneEBasalt, Orca GroupFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.XA1300]wYZA1051B+Basalt to andesitic plugs, dikes, and flowsCTmDMiocene and OligoceneEVolcanic and hypabyssal rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.[A675`t]^A2981A;Complexly deformed interbedded mudstone and sandstone, minor volcaniclastic rocks and conglomerate; metamorphosed to greenschist- and epidote-amphibolite facies. Crops up between Boundary and Fairweather Fault Systems and intruded extensively by the Tertiary granitic plutons (Tgp) (Plafker, written commun., 2000);CKynD CretaceousESchist of Nunatak FiordFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.`aA2950ADiscrete blocks of greenstone, limestone, marble, graywacke, chert, conglomerate, and plutonic rocks, up to several kilometers in greatest dimension, in a sheared matrix of mudstone. Complexly deformed flysch and mlange locally recrystallized to greenschistCKymDCretaceous and Jurassic(?)EMlange, Yakutat GroupFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.bA1053BTDiscordant hypabyssal plutons and dikes exposed between Mount Augusta and Mount CookCTdDPliocene(?) or Miocene(?)ERhyolite porphyry and graniteFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.hM`bq@Emu@{xAyAPzAI{A|AU}A~E€F€€E^€€D€ F€ F€B€F€E€D @d @cscaleAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W W W WWWWWWWWWm qsA2720BChiefly discordant plutons of granodiorite and quartz monzonite; also include quartz diorite, diorite, syenodiorite, and trondhjemite phases. K-Ar dates indicate ages of 117-105 Ma. Locally abundant xenolithsCKgD CretaceousEMid-Cretaceous plutonsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.tA1300BGranite, granodiorite and diorite intruding Chugach and Prince William terranes; intermediate composition Eocene age dikes not drawn on mapCTgpD Eocene, 50 MaEGranitic plutonsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.wn on mapCTgpD Eocene, 50 MaEGranitic plutonsshewAWBWCWDWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W_W`WaWcWdWeWfWgWhWiWjWkWlWmWnWoWpWqWrWsWtWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W}W~WW@WAWBWCWEWFWGWHWIWJWKWLWMWNWOWPWQWRWSWTWUWVWWWXWYWZW[W\W]W^W`WaWbWqWuWvWwWxWyWzW{W|W}W~WWWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWWW{uA1308BGranite, granodiorite and diorite intruding Chugach and Prince William terranes; intermediate composition Eocene age dikes not drawn on mapCTgpD Eocene, 50 MaEGranitic plutonsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000. 1:350,000.Iz{A5920U{|A7240 }~A2702BMainly mudstone and graywacke turbidite beds, carbonaceous phyllite, minor mafic tuff and breccia in a thick regionally extensive belt of accreted flyschoid deep marine rocks. Flysch metamorphosed to lower greenschist-faciesCKvDLate Cretaceous~A2191ATholeiitic pillowed basalt, chert, tuff, greywacke, argillite, and phyllite-greenstone deposited along a convergent plate margin as early as Late Triassic continuously into middle Cretaceous. Includes the McHugh Complex, a structurally complex and chaotic assemblage of oceanic rocks containing abundant slightly deformed radiolarian chert; and a mlange-like unit between the McHugh Complex and the Valdez Group (Kv)CKJmD.mid-Cretaceous, Jurassic(?), and Late TriassicEMlange units, Valdez GroupFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.€A950BMudstone to sandstone, locally fossil rich, submarine gravity flows. Weakly metamorphosed flysch and basalt thick submarine fan complexCTosDearly Eocene and late PaleoceneETurbidites, Orca Group€FRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.^€€A952BMudstone to sandstone, locally fossil rich, submarine gravity flows. Weakly metamorphosed flysch and basalt thick submarine fan complexCTosDearly Eocene and late PaleoceneETurbidites, Orca GroupFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.€A680BConcretionary marine siltstone, claystone, sandstone, and conglomerate, minor basaltic tuff, and locally glauconitic. Includes part of the clastic Redwood Formation and, as mapped, forms part of Robinson Mountains north of Cape YakatagaCTpsD.early Miocene(?, Oligocene, and late Eocene(?)^€€A860AInterbedded nonmarine carbonaceous sandstone, siltstone, shale, and minor coal; sparse warm-water marine molluscan megafauna and locally abundant subtropical plant fossils. Includes small occurrences of the siltstone-rich Stillwater Formation east of Steller Glacier, the siltstone of Oily Lake of Plafker (1987), and the basalt of Hubbs Creek of Plafker and others (1987) found in Samovar Hills, a Malaspina Glacier nunatakCTkDEocene and early Paleocene(?)EKulthieth FormationFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.nd mlange locally recrystallized to greenschistCKymplexly deformed flysch and mlange locally recrystallized to greenschistCKym.€€A2953ADiscrete blocks of greenstone, limestone, marble, graywacke, chert, conglomerate, and plutonic rocks, up to several kilometers in greatest dimension, in a sheared matrix of mudstone. Complexly deformed flysch and mlange locally recrystallized to greenschistCKym€ FRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.€ A126B+Superglacial drift on present day glaciers.DHoloceneESuperglacial driftFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.€A1055BHornblende-feldspar and feldspar porphyry plutons; in part, related to Wrangell volcanism. K-Ar dates indicate ages of 39-17 MaCTpDTertiaryEYounger plutonsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.€A1135€BMainly tabular bodies of pillowed, massive, and columnar jointed tholeiitic basalt lava flows; locally interbedded minor mudstone and siltstoneCTovDearly Eocene and late PaleoceneEOrca Group, Basalt€A2510BmSerpentinized peridotite and dunite, locally containing chromitite, leucocratic gabbro, and hornblende gabbroCMzPzuD@Cretaceous(?, Jurassic(?, Triassic, Permian, and Pennsylvanian(?E'Alpine-type ultramafic rocks and gabbroFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.€A3545BmSerpentinized peridotite and dunite, locally containing chromitite, leucocratic gabbro, and hornblende gabbroCMzPzuD@Cretaceous(?, Jurassic(?, Triassic, Permian, and Pennsylvanian(?E'Alpine-type ultramafic rocks and gabbro€FRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.€A2570BChiefly discordant plutons of granodiorite and quartz monzonite; also include quartz diorite, diorite, syenodiorite, and trondhjemite phases. K-Ar dates indicate ages of 117-105 Ma. Locally abundant xenolithsCKgD CretaceousEMid-Cretaceous plutonsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.€A2900BChiefly discordant plutons of granodiorite and quartz monzonite; also include quartz diorite, diorite, syenodiorite, and trondhjemite phases. K-Ar dates indicate ages of 117-105 Ma. Locally abundant xenolithsCKgD Cretaceous€EMid-Cretaceous plutonsFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.€A3405BGabbro, pyroxenite, peridotite and dunite. Includes the Nelchina River Gabbronorite, the Tonsina ultramafic, and a mafic sequence of Winkler and others (1980). K-Ar dates indicate ages of 188-171 MaCJntDMiddle or Early JurassicEMafic and ultramafic rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.€A3540BGabbro, pyroxenite, peridotite and dunite. Includes the Nelchina River Gabbronorite, the Tonsina ultramafic, and a mafic sequence of Winkler and others (1980). K-Ar dates indicate ages of 188-171 MaCJnt/€DMiddle or Early JurassicEMafic and ultramafic rocksFRichter, D.H., Preller, C.C., Labay, K.A., and Shew, N.B., 2005, Geology of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Series Map SIM-2877, scale 1:350,000.