Identification_Information:  
  Citation:  
    Citation_Information:  
      Originator: Jared D. Abraham
      Originator: Eric D. Anderson
      Originator: Benjamin J. Drenth
      Originator: Carol A. Finn
      Originator: Robert P. Kucks
      Originator: Charles R. Lindsay
      Originator: Jeffrey D. Phillips 
      Originator: Ronald E. Sweeney 
      Publication_Date: 2007
      Title:  
        Aeromagnetic Survey in Afghanistan: 
        A Web Site for Distribution of Data  
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data  
      Series_Information:  
        Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report  
        Issue_Identification: Open-File Report 2007-1247  
      Publication_Information:  
        Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado, USA  
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey  
      Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1247  
  Description:  
    Abstract: Afghanistan's geologic setting indicates significant natural
      resource potential While important mineral deposits and petroleum
      resources have been identified, much of the country's potential
      remains unknown. Airborne geophysical surveys are a well accepted
      and cost effective method for obtaining information of the geological
      setting of an area without the need to be physically located on the
      ground.  Due to the security situation and the large areas of the
      country of Afghanistan that has not been covered with geophysical
      exploration methods a regional airborne geophysical survey was
      proposed.  Acting upon the request of the Islamic Republic of
      Afghanistan Ministry of Mines, the U.S. Geological Survey contracted
      with the Naval Research Laboratory to jointly conduct an airborne
      geophysical and remote sensing survey of Afghanistan.

    Purpose: Data collected during this survey will provide basic information
      for mineral and petroleum exploration studies, which are important for
      the economic development of Afghanistan. Additionally, use of this data
      is broadly applicable in the assessment of water resources and natural
      hazards, the inventory and planning of civil infrastructure and
      agricultural resources,and the construction of detailed maps. The
      U.S. Geological Survey is currently funded by the US Agency of
      International Development to conduct resource assessments of the
      country of Afghanistan for mineral, energy, coal, hazards, and water
      resources.  These geophysical and remote sensing data will be used
      directly in the resources assessments. 

  Time_Period_of_Content:  
    Time_Period_Information:  
      Range_of_Dates/Times:  
        Beginning_Date: 2006
        Ending_Date: 2006
    Currentness_Reference: survey dates  
  Status:  
    Progress: complete  
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: none planned  
  Spatial_Domain:  
    Bounding_Coordinates:  
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: 60.° E. longitude  
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: 71.° E. longitude  
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.° N. latitude  
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.° N. latitude  
  Keywords:  
    Place:  
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none  
      Place_Keyword: Afghanistan  
    Theme:  
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none  
      Theme_Keyword: geophysical data 
      Theme_Keyword: aeromagnetic data 
      Theme_Keyword: aeromagnetic grid 
  Access_Constraints: none  
  Use_Constraints: none  
  Point_of_Contact:  
    Contact_Information:  
      Contact_Person_Primary:  
        Contact_Person: Ronald Sweeney  
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey  
      Contact_Address:  
        Address_Type: mailing address  
        Address:  
          Box 25046, MS964  
          Denver Federal Center  
        City: Denver  
        State_or_Province: CO  
        Postal_Code: 80225-0046  
        Country: USA  
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-1389  
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rsweeney@usgs.gov  
  Native_Data_Set_Environment:  
    These grids and databases were created using USGS processing programs on  
    a UNIX system and on a PC using Geosoft/OASIS montaj application 
    software.  
Data_Quality_Information:  
  Attribute_Accuracy:  
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: 
      The digital data are Geosoft databases and grids, which were created 
      from the original aeromagnetic and ground magnetic data identified
      in this report.  Data accuracies thus coincided with the original
      survey/data processing accuracies.  The final magnetic grid interval
      of 1000 m was chosen as representative. 
        
      The data in the original grids have been processed using formulas and  
      methods that are not usually documented but that represent  
      industry standard practices for airborne data reduction.  
  
  Logical_Consistency_Report: 
      
    Standard industry practices of the time were followed in data  
    collection and processing.  
  
  Completeness_Report:  
    Areas with no data in the magnetic grids are flagged with 
    Geosoft dummy values.
  Positional_Accuracy:  
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
        Horizontal position of the survey aircraft used to collect data 
        being integrated into the composite grid were determined by 
        varying standard aircraft navigation aids.
    Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:  
      Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: 
        The individual aeromagnetic surveys that make up this data 
        set were flown at various fixed barometric altitudes.
  Lineage:  
    Process_Step: 
      Process_Description: 
        A description of the aeromagnetic data processing steps are located
        in this Open-File Report.
      Process_Date: 2006-2007
    Process_Step:  
      Process_Description: 
        The initial aeromagnetic and ground magnetic grids for this survey
        were constructed using a minimum curvature algorithm and a spacing
        appropriate for the flight line intervals. 
 
        The aeromagnetic and ground magnetic data for all areas in this
        report were then assembled and regridded to the final grid cell
        size of 1000 m using a minimum curvature algorithm.  
      Process_Date: 2006-2007
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:  
  Overview_Description:  
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:  
      Three residual magnetic anomaly grids and nine databases are included
      in this report:  

      afghan_aeromag_5k.grd - Geosoft binary grid format  
      Final Afghanistan aeromagnetic anomaly grid continued to 5000 m 
      above terrain.
 
      afghan_merged_mag_5k.grd - Geosoft binary grid format  
      Final Afghanistan magnetic anomaly grid containing data from the survey
      described in this report, merged with the residual magnetic field data
      found in the U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1204 and
      Open-File Report 2006-1325.  The merged grid elevation is 5000 m 
      above terrain.

      ags_mag_5k.grd - Geosoft binary grid format  
      Final Afghanistan ground magnetic anomaly grid continued to 5000 m 
      above terrain.

      Afghan_mag06A.gdb - Geosoft database format
      Afghan_mag06B.gdb - Geosoft database format
      Afghan_mag06C.gdb - Geosoft database format
      Afghan_mag06D.gdb - Geosoft database format
      Afghan_mag06E.gdb - Geosoft database format
      Afghan_mag06F.gdb - Geosoft database format
      Afghan_mag06F.gdb - Geosoft database format
      Afghan_mag06H.gdb - Geosoft database format    
      Final Afghanistan aeromagnetic anomaly databases.

      Ghore_Bamiyan_mag.gdb - Geosoft database format  
      Final Afghanistan ground magnetic anomaly database.  

      The 9 databases above are also provided in this report in an additional 
      format:  Geosoft XYZ.  (See the file "readme_Afghan_datafiles.pdf" in
      this open-file report for details.)  
  
      The grid projection specifications for the above grid and databases are 
      provided in detail in this open-file report.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Open-File Report 2007-xxxx  
  Detailed_Description:  
    Entity_Type:  
      Entity_Type_Label: gridded aeromagnetic  
      Entity_Type_Definition: Ascii real number value  
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: well-established geophysical data quantities  
    Attribute:  
      Attribute_Label: Residual total intensity of Earth's magnetic field  
      Attribute_Definition:  
        Gridded values found in file 'afghan_aeromag_5k.grd' 
 
        The total magnetic value minus a geomagnetic reference field, which 
        is a long-wavelength regional magnetic field.  The most commonly 
        used reference field is calculated from the theoretical International 
        Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF).  
  
        The individual aeromagnetic survey data were continued to 5000 m above
        terrain and then combined and gridded at 1000 m final grid cell size
        using a minimum curvature algorithm.  
  
      Attribute_Definition_Source: 
        see: Nettleton, L.L., 1971, Elementary Gravity and Magnetics for  
        Geologists and Seismologists: Society of Exploration Geophysicists  
        Monograph Series No. 1, p. 83-87.  
  
      Attribute_Domain_Values:  
        Range_Domain:  
          Range_Domain_Minimum: -403.39
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 329.16
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: nanoteslas
  Detailed_Description:  
    Entity_Type:  
      Entity_Type_Label: gridded aeromagnetic  
      Entity_Type_Definition: Ascii real number value  
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: well-established geophysical data quantities  
    Attribute:  
      Attribute_Label: Residual total intensity of Earth's magnetic field  
      Attribute_Definition:  
        Gridded values found in file 'afghan_merged_mag_5k.grd' 
 
        The total magnetic value minus a geomagnetic reference field, which 
        is a long-wavelength regional magnetic field.  The most commonly 
        used reference field is calculated from the theoretical International 
        Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF).  
  
        This grid consists of the aeromagnetic and ground magnetic survey data
        described in this report, merged with the residual magnetic field data
        found in the U. S. Geological Survey Open_File Report 2006-1204 and
        Open-File Report 2006-1325.  The data were gridded at 1000 m final
        grid cell size using a minimum curvature algorithm and continued to
        5000 m above terrain.
  
      Attribute_Definition_Source: 
        see: Nettleton, L.L., 1971, Elementary Gravity and Magnetics for  
        Geologists and Seismologists: Society of Exploration Geophysicists  
        Monograph Series No. 1, p. 83-87.  
  
      Attribute_Domain_Values:  
        Range_Domain:  
          Range_Domain_Minimum: -500.10
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 324.89
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: nanoteslas
  Detailed_Description:  
    Entity_Type:  
      Entity_Type_Label: gridded aeromagnetic  
      Entity_Type_Definition: Ascii real number value  
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: well-established geophysical data quantities  
    Attribute:  
      Attribute_Label: Residual total intensity of Earth's magnetic field  
      Attribute_Definition:  
        Gridded values found in file 'ags_mag_5k.grd' 
 
        The total magnetic value minus a geomagnetic reference field, which 
        is a long-wavelength regional magnetic field.  The most commonly 
        used reference field is calculated from the theoretical International 
        Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF).  
  
        The individual ground magnetic survey data were gridded at 1000 m
        final grid cell size using a minimum curvature algorithm and then
        continued to 5000 m above terrain.  
  
      Attribute_Definition_Source: 
        see: Nettleton, L.L., 1971, Elementary Gravity and Magnetics for  
        Geologists and Seismologists: Society of Exploration Geophysicists  
        Monograph Series No. 1, p. 83-87.  
  
      Attribute_Domain_Values:  
        Range_Domain:  
          Range_Domain_Minimum: -343.90
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 87.01
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: nanoteslas  
  Detailed_Description:  
    Entity_Type:  
      Entity_Type_Label: aeromagnetic anomaly databases
      Entity_Type_Definition: Ascii real number value  
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: well-established geophysical data quantities  
    Attribute:  
      Attribute_Label: Residual total intensity of Earth's magnetic field
      Attribute_Definition:  
        Aeromagnetic anomaly values found in file 'Afghan_mag06A.gdb'
        Aeromagnetic anomaly values found in file 'Afghan_mag06B.gdb'
        Aeromagnetic anomaly values found in file 'Afghan_mag06C.gdb'
        Aeromagnetic anomaly values found in file 'Afghan_mag06D.gdb'
        Aeromagnetic anomaly values found in file 'Afghan_mag06E.gdb'
        Aeromagnetic anomaly values found in file 'Afghan_mag06F.gdb'
        Aeromagnetic anomaly values found in file 'Afghan_mag06G.gdb'
        Aeromagnetic anomaly values found in file 'Afghan_mag06H.gdb'
 
        The total magnetic value minus a geomagnetic reference field, which 
        is a long-wavelength regional magnetic field.  The most commonly 
        used reference field is calculated from the theoretical International 
        Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF).  
  
      Attribute_Definition_Source: 
        see: Nettleton, L.L., 1971, Elementary Gravity and Magnetics for  
        Geologists and Seismologists: Society of Exploration Geophysicists  
        Monograph Series No. 1, p. 83-87. 
 
      Attribute_Domain_Values:  
        Range_Domain:  
          Range_Domain_Minimum: -412.67
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 334.83
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: nanoteslas
  Detailed_Description:  
    Entity_Type:  
      Entity_Type_Label: aeromagnetic anomaly databases
      Entity_Type_Definition: Ascii real number value  
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: well-established geophysical data quantities  
    Attribute:  
      Attribute_Label: Residual total intensity of Earth's magnetic field
      Attribute_Definition:  
        Ground magnetic anomaly values found in file 'Ghore_Bamiyan_mag.gdb'
 
        The total magnetic value minus a geomagnetic reference field, which 
        is a long-wavelength regional magnetic field.  The most commonly 
        used reference field is calculated from the theoretical International 
        Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF).  
  
      Attribute_Definition_Source: 
        see: Nettleton, L.L., 1971, Elementary Gravity and Magnetics for  
        Geologists and Seismologists: Society of Exploration Geophysicists  
        Monograph Series No. 1, p. 83-87. 
 
      Attribute_Domain_Values:  
        Range_Domain:  
          Range_Domain_Minimum: -1053.62
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 991.41
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: nanoteslas  
Distribution_Information:  
  Distributor:  
    Contact_Information:  
      Contact_Person_Primary:  
        Contact_Person: Ron Sweeney  
        Contact_Organization: U. S. Geological Survey  
      Contact_Address:  
        Address_Type: mailing address  
        Address:  
          Box 25046, MS 964  
          Denver Federal Center  
        City: Denver  
        State_or_Province: CO  
        Postal_Code: 80225  
        Country: USA  
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-1389  
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rsweeney@usgs.gov  
  Resource_Description: USGS Open-File Report 2007-1247 
  Distribution_Liability:  
    Although all data published in the grids and databases have been used 
    by the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as 
    to the accuracy of the data and related materials.  The act of distribution  
    shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is  
    assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials.  
  
    Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes  
    only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.  
  Standard_Order_Process:  
    Digital_Form:  
      Digital_Transfer_Information:  
        Format_Name:  
          grd - gridded data files
          gdb - database files
          txt - ASCII description files 
        Transfer_Size: 1.4 Gbytes is the largest file size  
      Digital_Transfer_Option:  
        Online_Option:  
          Computer_Contact_Information:  
            Network_Address:  
              Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1247
    Fees: no charge for online downloads  
Metadata_Reference_Information:  
  Metadata_Date: 20070411
  Metadata_Contact:  
    Contact_Information:  
      Contact_Person_Primary:  
        Contact_Person: Ron Sweeney  
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey  
      Contact_Address:  
        Address_Type: mailing address  
        Address:  
          U.S. Geological Survey  
          Box 25046 Mail Stop 964  
          Denver Federal Center  
        City: Denver  
        State_or_Province: CO  
        Postal_Code: 80225  
        Country: USA  
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-1389  
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rsweeney@usgs.gov  
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata  
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998