Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
      Publication_Date: 2011
      Title: 10cct02_MOSAIC_GC.tif - Composite sidescan-sonar mosaic collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in St. Petersburg, FL offshore of the Gulf Islands, MS, 2010 (UTM Zone 16N GeoTIFF)
      Edition: 1.0
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: Open-File Report
        Issue_Identification: 2010-1178
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
      Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1178/GIS_catalog/Sidescan/10cct02/10cct02_MOSAIC_GC.zip
      Larger_Work_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Elizabeth A. Pendleton
          Originator: Wayne E. Baldwin
          Originator: William W. Danforth
          Originator: Nancy T. Dewitt
          Originator: Arnell S. Forde
          Originator: David S. Foster
          Originator: Kyle W. Kelso
          Originator: William R. Pfeiffer
          Originator: Aaron M. Turecek
          Originator: James G. Flocks
          Originator: David C. Twichell
          Publication_Date: 2011
          Title: Geophysical Data from offshore of the Gulf Islands National Seashore, Cat Island to Western Horn Island, Mississippi
          Edition: 1.0
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 2010-1178
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
          Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1178/
  Description:
    Abstract: In 2010, the U.S. Geological Survey in Woods Hole, MA and St. Petersburg, FL, in partnership with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Mobile District conducted geologic mapping to characterize the seafloor and shallow subsurface stratigraphy offshore of the Gulf Islands of Mississippi. The mapping was carried out during two cruises in March, 2010 on the R/V Tommy Munro of Biloxi, MS. Data were acquired with the following equipment: an SEA Ltd SwathPlus interferometric sonar (both 234 kHz and 468 kHz systems), a Klein 3000 and a Klein 3900 dual frequency sidescan-sonar, and an Edgetech 512i chirp subbottom profiling system. The long-term goal of this mapping effort is to produce high-quality, high-resolution geologic maps and geophysical interpretations that can be utilized to identify sand resources within the region and better understand the Holocene evolution and anticipate future changes in this coastal system. More information on the field work can be accessed from the Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Field Activity webpage <http://quashnet.er.usgs.gov/data/2010/10012/> or the St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Geology InfoBank <http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/m/m210gm/html/m-2-10-gm.meta.html>.
    Purpose: This GeoTIFF (Tagged Image File Format) contains sidescan sonar data that were collected in March 2010. These data are used to define the sea-floor morphology offshore of the Gulf Islands in Mississippi.
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Multiple_Dates/Times:
        Single_Date/Time:
          Calendar_Date: 20100319
        Single_Date/Time:
          Calendar_Date: 20100320
        Single_Date/Time:
          Calendar_Date: 20100327
        Single_Date/Time:
          Calendar_Date: 20100328
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -89.084487
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.996538
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.231715
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.159302
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
      Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
      Theme_Keyword: USGS
      Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
      Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC
      Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program
      Theme_Keyword: CMGP
      Theme_Keyword: sidescan-sonar
      Theme_Keyword: sidescan
      Theme_Keyword: side scan sonar
      Theme_Keyword: backscatter
      Theme_Keyword: GeoTIFF image
      Theme_Keyword: grey scale
      Theme_Keyword: composite image
      Theme_Keyword: mosaic
      Theme_Keyword: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
      Theme_Keyword: St. Petersburg field activity serial number 10cct02
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
      Theme_Keyword: oceans
      Theme_Keyword: oceans and coastal
      Theme_Keyword: oceans and estuaries
      Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
      Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
      Place_Keyword: Mississippi
      Place_Keyword: Gulf Islands
      Place_Keyword: North Central Gulf Coast
      Place_Keyword: United States
      Place_Keyword: West Ship Island
      Place_Keyword: East Ship Island
      Place_Keyword: Horn Island
      Place_Keyword: Dog Key Pass
      Place_Keyword: Camille Cut
      Place_Keyword: Petit Bois Island
      Place_Keyword: Gulfport Ship Channel
      Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico
      Place_Keyword: Cat Island
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: David C. Twichell
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
        City: Woods Hole
        State_or_Province: MA
        Postal_Code: 02543-1598
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2266
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dtwichell@usgs.gov
  Browse_Graphic:
    Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1178/GIS_catalog/Sidescan/10cct02/SS_GC_10cct02.png
    Browse_Graphic_File_Description: grey scale image of sidescan-sonar mosaic
    Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PNG
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Professional x64 Edition Version 2003 Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3; build 1850
  Cross_Reference:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: W.W. Danforth
      Originator: T.F. O'Brien
      Originator: W.C. Schwab
      Publication_Date: 1991
      Title: USGS image processing system:  near real-time mosaicking of high-resolution sidescan-sonar data
      Series_Information:
        Issue_Identification: Vol. 32, No.1
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Arlington, VA
        Publisher: Sea Technology
  Cross_Reference:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: William W. Danforth
      Publication_Date: 1997
      Title: XSonar/ShowImage: A complete system for rapid sidescan-sonar processing and display.
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: Open-File Report
        Issue_Identification: 97-686
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Woods Hole, MA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
  Cross_Reference:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: A. Malinverno
      Originator: M. Edwards
      Originator: W.B.F. Ryan
      Publication_Date: 1990
      Title: Processing of SeaMARC swath sonar data.
      Series_Information:
        Issue_Identification: 15
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Picayune, MS
        Publisher: Journal of Oceanic Engineering
  Cross_Reference:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: V.F. Paskevich
      Publication_Date: 1996
      Title: MAPIT: An improved method for mapping digital sidescan sonar data using the Woods Hole Image Processing System (WHIPS) Software
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: Open-File Report
        Issue_Identification: 96-281
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Woods Hole, MA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
  Logical_Consistency_Report: All sidescan data were collected during USGS-St. Petersburg cruise 10cct02 using a Klein 3900 dual frequency sidescan-sonar towfish and an Octopus F190 Attitude and Positioning System. Quality control was conducted during processing of the data. Any spurious data or artifacts were removed or minimized.
  Completeness_Report: All available data within the mosaic area were used to create the backscatter mosaic.
  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: These data were navigated with a Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) mounted above the interferometric sonar head. Unless noted, all DGPS data are referenced to WGS84. The layback distance between towed sidescan sonar fish and the mounted GPS antennae are uncertain and a correction for distance between fish and GPS antennae may not have been supplied in the Klein SonarPro acquisition software. The differential GPS is accurate within 1 to 2 meters. The layback of the towfish adds additional uncertainty due to changes in angle and scope of the tow cable in response to sea state and vessel speed. The total horizontal uncertainty is + or - 10 meters.
  Lineage:
    Source_Information:
      Type_of_Source_Media: disc
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Multiple_Dates/Times:
            Single_Date/Time:
              Calendar_Date: 20100319
            Single_Date/Time:
              Calendar_Date: 20100320
            Single_Date/Time:
              Calendar_Date: 20100327
            Single_Date/Time:
              Calendar_Date: 20100328
        Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
      Source_Contribution: Sidescan-sonar (acoustic-backscatter) data during the second leg (10cct02) were acquired with a Klein 3900 dual-frequency sidescan-sonar system (445 and 900 kHz), which was towed approximately 3 m astern from a starboard-side davit. Klein SonarPro acquisition software was used to log the data digitally at a sample rate resulting in raw pixel resolutions of approximately 0.18 and 0.14 m in the across-track and along-track directions, respectively. The Klein system produced useable data over swath widths of 100-200 meters during leg 10cct02.
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Within XSonar Software (version: 2.0) a median filtering routine (Malinverno and others, 1990) was applied to the raw sidescan-sonar data (.xtf) to remove speckle noise; the filter was 4 pixels across track by 3 pixels along track. The data were further processed to correct for fish altitude, slant and beam artifacts, and then merged with the navigation (Danforth, 1997). Odd and even sidescan sonar lines were mapped separately out of XSonar at 1 meter/pixel resolution. Sidescan areas were defined within the cruise domain such that the sonar images mapped in XSonar would be no larger than 150 Mb.
      Process_Date: 2010
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Person_Primary:
            Contact_Person: Elizabeth A. Pendleton
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
          Contact_Position: Geologist
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: mailing and physical address
            Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
            City: Woods Hole
            State_or_Province: MA
            Postal_Code: 02543-1598
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700x2259
          Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ependleton@usgs.gov
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: The odd and even area files were imported into PCI Geomatica Software (version 10.1) to be digitally mosaicked together using PCI's OrthoEngine and procedures described in Paskevich (1996). The mosaicking process produces an enhanced, geographically correct, sidescan-sonar mosaic with 1 meter/pixel resolution. The composite mosaic was exported as a GeoTIFF image.
      Process_Date: 2010
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Person_Primary:
            Contact_Person: Elizabeth A. Pendleton
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
          Contact_Position: Geologist
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: mailing and physical address
            Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
            City: Woods Hole
            State_or_Province: MA
            Postal_Code: 02543-1598
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700x2259
          Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ependleton@usgs.gov
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
  Raster_Object_Information:
    Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
    Row_Count: 7880
    Column_Count: 8330
    Vertical_Count: 1
Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Grid_Coordinate_System:
        Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
        Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
          UTM_Zone_Number: 16
          Transverse_Mercator:
            Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
            Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -87.000000
            Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
            False_Easting: 500000.000000
            False_Northing: 0.000000
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 1.000000
          Ordinate_Resolution: 1.000000
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
      Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Overview_Description:
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: There are no attributes associated with a GeoTIFF image.  Image pixel values contain acoustic reflectivity values normalized to an 8-bit data range (0-255).  Low-backscatter is represented by dark tones (low values) and high-backscatter is represented by bright tones (high values). The background color is set to 255 and can be turned off without removing data values.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Elizabeth A. Pendleton
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
        City: Woods Hole
        State_or_Province: MA
        Postal_Code: 02543-1598
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700x2259
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ependleton@usgs.gov
  Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
  Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: WinZip
        Format_Version_Number: 14.5
        Format_Information_Content: This WinZip file contains a geographic GeoTIFF image of side-scan sonar data collected offshore of the Gulf Islands, MS, and associated metadata.
        File_Decompression_Technique: use WinZip or pkUnzip
        Transfer_Size: 7.9 Mbytes
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1178/GIS_catalog/Sidescan/10cct02/10cct02_MOSAIC_GC.zip
          Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded via the World Wide Web (WWW)
        Offline_Option:
          Offline_Media: DVD-ROM
          Recording_Capacity:
            Recording_Density: 4.75
            Recording_Density_Units: Gbytes
          Recording_Format: UDF
    Fees: none
  Technical_Prerequisites: This zip file contains a GeoTIFF image. To utilize these data, the user must have an image viewer, image processing or GIS software package capable of importing a GeoTIFF image.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20110429
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Elizabeth A. Pendleton
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
        City: Woods Hole
        State_or_Province: MA
        Postal_Code: 02543-1598
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700x2259
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ependleton@usgs.gov
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: None