Identification_Information:
  Citation: Geologic Map of Io
    Citation_Information: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3168
      Originator: David A. Williams
      Originator: Laszlo P. Keszthelyi
      Originator: David A. Crown
      Originator: Jessica A. Yff
      Originator: Windy L. Jaeger
      Originator: Paul M. Schenk
      Originator: Paul E. Geissler
      Originator: Tammy L. Becker
      Publication_Date: 2011
      Title: Geologic Map of Io
      Edition: 1
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Reston, VA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3168/
      Online_Linkage: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod/
  Description:
    Abstract: Io, discovered by Galileo Galilei on January 7-13, 1610, is the innermost of the four Galilean satellites of the planet Jupiter. It is the most volcanically active object in the Solar System, as recognized by observations from six U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) spacecraft: Voyager 1 (March 1979), Voyager 2 (July 1979), Hubble Space Telescope (1990-Present), Galileo (1996-2001), Cassini (December 2000), and New Horizons (February 2007). The lack of impact craters on Io in any spacecraft images at any resolution attests to the high resurfacing rate (~1 cm/yr) and the dominant role of active volcanism in shaping its surface (Johnson and others, 1979). High-temperature hot spots detected by the Galileo Solid-State Imager (SSI), Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) and Photopolarimeter-Radiometer (PPR) usually correlate with darkest materials on the surface, suggestive of active volcanism. The Voyager flybys obtained complete coverage of Io's subjovian hemisphere at ~500 m/pixel to 2 km/pixel and most of the rest of the satellite at 5-20 km/pixel. Repeated Galileo flybys obtained complementary coverage of Io's antijovian hemisphere at 5 m/pixel to 1.4 km/pixel. Thus, the Voyager and Galileo data sets were merged to enable the characterization of the whole surface of the satellite at a consistent resolution.The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) produced a set of four global mosaics of Io in visible wavelengths at a spatial resolution of 1 km/pixel, released in February 2006, which we have used as base maps for this new global geologic map.
    Purpose: Much has been learned about Io's volcanism, tectonics, degradation, and interior since the Voyager flybys, primarily during and following the Galileo Mission at Jupiter (December 1995-September 2003). Our mapping incorporates this new understanding to assist in map unit definition and provide a global synthesis of Io's geology.
    Supplemental_Information:
      > Bagenal, F., W. McKinnon, and T. Dowling, 2004, Jupiter: planet, satellites and magnetosphere: New York, Cambridge University Press, 719 p.
      > Davies, A.G., 2007, Volcanism on Io: London, Cambridge University Press, 355 p.
      > Lopes, R.M.C., and Spencer, J.R., 2007, Io After Galileo: Chichester, UK, Springer/Praxis Publishers, 342 p.
      > Becker, T., and Geissler, P., 2005, Galileo global color mosaics of Io:, Houston, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI, Abstract #1862 (CD-ROM).
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Multiple_Dates/Times:
        Single_Date/Time:
          Calendar_Date: 2006
        Single_Date/Time:
          Calendar_Date: 2011
    Currentness_Reference: 2011
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -180
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: 180
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 90
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: -90
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NASA
      Theme_Keyword: Geologic Map
      Theme_Keyword: Io
      Theme_Keyword: Galilean satellites
      Theme_Keyword: Jupiter
      Theme_Keyword: Voyager 1
      Theme_Keyword: Voyager 2
      Theme_Keyword: Galileo
      Theme_Keyword: Cassini
      Theme_Keyword: New Horizons
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Gazatteer of Planetary Nomenclature (http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov)
      Place_Keyword: Io
      Place_Keyword: Jupiter
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: None
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Ken Tanaka
        Contact_Organization: USGS
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: 2255 North Gemini Drive
        City: Flagstaff
        State_or_Province: AZ
        Postal_Code: 86001
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 928-556-7100
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ktanaka@usgs.gov
  Security_Information:
    Security_Classification: Unclassified
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: ESRI ArcMap 10.0
Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: All attributes were verified by displaying the lines in both the database and the spatial coverage and they are believed to be logically consistent.
  Logical_Consistency_Report: These data are believed to be logically consistent. Line geometry is topologically clean.
  Completeness_Report: Completed at the given scale for publication by USGS
  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The final map was generalized and scaled to be commensurate with a 1:15,000,000 map scale, although map component compilation was at a larger scale. Overall, the geologic map product is only as accurate as the 2005 basemap created by the USGS, which contains kilometer errors.
      Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
        Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: Becker, T., and Geissler, P., 2005, Galileo global color mosaics of Io: Houston, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI, Abstract #1862 (CD-ROM).
      Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
        Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2001/pdf/1746.pdf
  Lineage:
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Tammy Becker
          Originator: Paul Geissler
          Publication_Date: 2005
          Title: Galileo global color mosaics of Io
          Edition: 1
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Houston, TX
            Publisher: Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI
          Online_Linkage: http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2005/pdf/1862.pdf
          Online_Linkage: http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2001/pdf/1746.pdf
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Geologic mapping of Io has focused on specific types of geologic material units and structural features, as first recognized by Schaber (1980, 1982). The reasons for this are (1) the quantity of concurrent volcanic activity on Io and (2) the variable quality of the global spacecraft data. These constraints mean that it is not practical to separate map units based on both age and lithology. The mapping strategy developed for the global map was initially tested through mapping of the polar regions with ArcGIS software (by ESRI) and then applied to the equatorial region.
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
  Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: G-polygon
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 339
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 172
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 140
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 1108
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: G-polygon
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 16
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 60
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 1500
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: G-polygon
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 1503
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 3374
Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Geographic:
      Latitude_Resolution: 0.01
      Longitude_Resolution: 0.01
      Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_Io_2000
      Ellipsoid_Name: Io_2000_IAU_IAG
      Semi-major_Axis: 1821460.0
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: infinity
  Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Altitude_System_Definition:
      Altitude_Resolution: 0.000003
      Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: Io_DiffuseDeposits
    Entity_Type_Definition: Diffuse deposits are superposed on all other materials, and cover ~18% of Io’s surface
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Type
      Attribute_Definition: Bright or bright yellow, Dark or black, Green, Red or orange, White
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: Io_HotSpots_Locations
    Entity_Type_Definition: Known hotspot locations
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Volcanic_C
      Attribute_Definition: display name of feature if known
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: Io_Mountains
    Entity_Type_Definition: Known Io mountain locations
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: HeightKm
      Attribute_Definition: Approximate height of Io mountain
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: Io_Structure
    Entity_Type_Definition: Structure classification
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Type
      Attribute_Definition: Closed topographic high, Groove or furrow, Lineament, Pit or closed depression, Ridge, Scarp
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: Io_PointFeatures
    Entity_Type_Definition: Point feature locations
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Type
      Attribute_Definition: small patera floor dark, small patera floor bright, small mountain, plume point source, small closed depression, small cone, volcanic vent
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: Io_GeoUnits
    Entity_Type_Definition: Geologic unit type
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: UnitName
      Attribute_Definition: Bright plains, Flows bright, Flows dark, Flows undivided, Layered plains, Mountain lineated, Mountain mottled or hummocky, Mountain undivided, NoData, Patera Floor bright, Patera Floor dark, Patera Floor undivided, Red-brown plains, Tholi, White plains
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: Io_GeoContacts
    Entity_Type_Definition: Geologic contact type
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Type
      Attribute_Definition: certain, approximate, gradational
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: Box 25286 Federal Center
        City: Denver
        State_or_Province: CO
        Postal_Code: 80225
        Country: USA
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ktanaka@usgs.gov
  Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: ESRI File GeoDatabase
        Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 9.3
        Format_Specification: GIS
        File_Decompression_Technique: zip
        Transfer_Size: 200
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod/
              Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3168
          Access_Instructions: Web browser
    Fees: n/a
    Ordering_Instructions: Digital download using a web browser.
  Technical_Prerequisites: GIS software
  Available_Time_Period:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Single_Date/Time:
        Calendar_Date: 2011
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20120229
  Metadata_Review_Date: 2012
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Trent Hare
        Contact_Organization: USGS
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: 2255 North Gemini Drive
        City: Flagstaff
        State_or_Province: AZ
        Postal_Code: 86001
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 928-556-7126
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: thare@usgs.gov
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Security_Information:
    Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified
  Metadata_Extensions:
    Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
    Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile