Michael T. Pavelko Joern Hoffmann Susan G. Buto J. LaRue Smith in press raster digital data Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey http://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Michael T. Pavelko Joern Hoffmann Nancy A. Damar in press U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5218 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey http:\\pubs.water.usgs.gov\XXXXXXXXXXX The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Nevada Department of Conservation and Natural Resources-Division of Water Resources, and the Las Vegas Valley Water District, compiled 44 individual interferograms and 1 stacked interferogram comprising 29 satellite synthetic aperture radar acquisitions of Las Vegas Valley, Nevada, from 1992 to 1999. The interferograms, which depict short-term, seasonal, and long-term trends in land subsidence and uplift, are viewable with an interactive map. The interferograms show that land subsidence and uplift generally occur in localized areas, are responsive to ground-water pumpage and artificial recharge, and, in part, are fault controlled. Information from these interferograms can be used by water and land managers to mitigate land subsidence and associated damage. Land subsidence attributed to ground-water pumpage has been documented in Las Vegas Valley since the 1940's. Damage to roads, buildings, and other engineered structures has been associated with this land subsidence. Land uplift attributed to artificial recharge and reduced pumping has been documented since the 1990's. Measuring these land-surface changes with traditional benchmark and Global Positioning System surveys can be costly and time consuming, and results typically are spatially and temporally sparse. Interferograms are relatively inexpensive and provide temporal and spatial resolutions previously not achievable. The interferograms are viewable with an interactive map (Appendix). Landsat images from 1993 and 2000 are viewable for frames of reference to locate areas of interest and help determine land-use and a stacked interferogram for 1992-1999 is viewable to visualize vertical displacement for a longer period. The interactive map enables users to identify and estimate the magnitude of vertical displacement, visually analyze deformation trends, and view interferograms and Landsat images side by side. The individual interferograms and Landsat images also are available for download, in formats for use with Geographic Information System software. These data were created as part of a U.S. Geological Survey study, done in cooperation with the Las Vegas Valley Water District, and the Nevada Department of Conservation and Natural Resources - Division of Water Resources to evaluate subsidence in Las Vegas Valley, Nevada. This information can be used by land and water managers to mitigate future land subsidence and associated damage. Other uses of these data include, but are not limited to, natural resource modeling, mapping, and visualization applications. 19920908 19991210 ground condition (dates refer to SAR acquisition) Complete None planned 646394.587000 682394.587000 4025498.517000 3989498.517000 None Land subsidence Land rebound Land uplift Land surface change Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry Interferogram SAR InSAR IfSAR Nevada Las Vegas Valley Clark County None. These data have not been technically reviewed and do not conform to U.S. Geological Survey standards. They have not received Director's approval and as such are provisional and subject to revision. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) compliant metadata file is intended to document the data set in nonproprietary form, as well as ArcGIS format, this metadata file may include some ArcGIS-specific terminology. These data are not intended to be used as a survey product and are for reference purposes only. Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey, the Las Vegas Valley Water District, and the Nevada Department of Conservation and Natural Resources - Division of Water Resources would be appreciated in products derived from these data. U.S. Geological Survey Public Information Assistant mailing and physical address

2730 N. Deer Run Road

Carson City NV 89701 USA 775-887-7600 775-887-7629 GS-W-NVpublic-info@usgs.gov Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 Joern Hoffmann Howard A. Zebker Devin L. Galloway Falk Amelung 2001 Water Resources Research 37(6):1551-1566 Washington, D.C. American Geophysical Union Joern Hoffmann 2003 Ph. D. Dissertation Stanford, CA Stanford University No assessment of the attribute accuracy of these data has been made. No information about consistency checks performed on these data is available. Complete for Las Vegas Valley, Nevada No assessment of the horizontal positional accuracy of these data has been made. Systematic errors introduced by uncertainties in satellite orbits and changes in tropospheric propagation may bias the InSAR-derived displacements. Residual orbit errors are estimated at less than 1 millimeter and tropospheric delays cause less than about 5 millimeters of error in the measured vertical displacements within the valley. (Hoffmann, 2003) 6 mm European remote sensing satellites ERS-1 and ERS-2 19920908 - 09991210 remote-sensing images 4 meters along track, 20 meters across track unknown 091992 121999 ground condition SAR interferometric phase measurements U.S. Geological Survey 19930727 remote-sensing image Landsat TM Sioux Falls, SD U.S. Geological Survey Image ID: 5039035009320810 Path: 39 Row: 35 http://keck.library.unr.edu/ 30 meter spatial resolution for bands 2, 3, and 4 geospatial data clearinghouse 19930727 ground condition Landsat 5 TM Reference image U.S. Geological Survey 20000401 remote-sensing image Landsat 7 ETM Sioux Falls, SD U.S. Geological Survey Image ID: 011010307009100030 Path: 39 Row: 35 http://keck.library.unr.edu/ 30 meter spatial resolution for bands 2, 3, and 4 geospatial data clearinghouse 20000401 ground condition Landsat 7 ETM Reference image Information on the steps used to process the synthetic aperture radar data is available in Hoffmann, 2003. See cross reference information for a complete citation of this work. SAR Unknown The Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 7 ETM data were downloaded from the University of Nevada Reno Keck library geospatial data clearinghouse (http://keck.library.unr.edu/). The data is served from the Keck library in band sequential (BSQ) format. For both images, bands 2, 3, and 4 were imported to Leica Geosystems ERDAS Imagine format and composited to a color infrared image using the band stacking utility. The color infrared image uses bands 4, 3, and 2 as red, green, and blue, respectively. The resulting images were projected to match the InSAR data and then subsetted from the original full scene size to the same areal extent as the InSAR data sets. Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 7 ETM 20050429 Raster Grid Cell 1200 1200 1 Universal Transverse Mercator 11 0.999600 -117.000000 0.000000 500000.000000 0.000000 row and column 30.000000 30.000000 meters North American Datum of 1927 Clarke 1866 6378206.400000 294.978698 The interferograms depict short-term, seasonal, and long-term trends in land subsidence and uplift for 44 periods that range from 1.2 to 34.6 months, from 1992 to 1999. Each interferogram is an unwrapped interferogram showing that land subsidence and uplift generally occur in localized areas and, in part, are fault controlled. LandSAT images from 1993 and 2000 are included with these data as a frame of reference to locate areas of interest and determine land-use. Dates the interferograms represent are outlined below along with the figure number from Pavelko and others, 2005. >Figure Date Duration Orbit > Start End (months) End Start > 1 September 8, 1992 April 6, 1993 7.0 9018 6012 > 2 March 2, 1993 November 2, 1993 8.3 12024 8517 > 3 April 6, 1993 November 2, 1993 7.0 12024 9018 > 4 April 6, 1993 February 8, 1996 34.6 23891 9018 > 5 November 2, 1993 February 8, 1996 27.6 23891 12024 > 6 September 21, 199November 30, 1995 2.3 22889 21887 > 7 September 21, 199 May 24, 1996 8.2 5721 21887 > 8 September 21, 199 May 9, 1997 19.1 10731 21887 > 9 November 30, 1995 May 24, 1996 5.9 5721 22889 > 10 November 30, 1995 May 9, 1997 17.5 10731 22889 > 11 January 4, 1996 May 24, 1996 4.7 5721 23390 > 12 January 4, 1996 January 24, 1997 12.9 9228 23390 > 13 January 4, 1996 April 24, 1998 28.0 15741 23390 > 14 February 8, 1996 April 4, 1997 14.0 10230 23891 > 15 May 24, 1996 October 11, 1996 4.7 7725 5721 > 16 May 24, 1996 May 9, 1997 11.7 10731 5721 > 17 August 2, 1996 May 9, 1997 9.3 10731 6723 > 18 October 11, 1996 May 9, 1997 7.0 10731 7725 > 19 December 20, 1996 May 9, 1997 4.7 10731 8727 > 20 January 24, 1997 April 4, 1997 2.3 10230 9228 > 21 January 24, 1997 May 9, 1997 3.5 10731 9228 > 22 February 28, 1997 May 9, 1997 2.3 10731 9729 > 23 April 4, 1997 August 22, 1997 4.7 12234 10230 > 24 April 4, 1997 April 24, 1998 12.8 15741 10230 > 25 May 9, 1997 June 13, 1997 1.2 11232 10731 > 26 May 9, 1997 July 18, 1997 2.3 11733 10731 > 27 May 9, 1997September 26, 199 4.7 12735 10731 > 28 May 9, 1997 December 5, 1997 7.0 13737 10731 > 29 May 9, 1997 January 9, 1998 8.2 14238 10731 > 30 May 9, 1997February 13, 1998 9.3 14739 10731 > 31 May 9, 1997 March 20, 1998 10.5 15240 10731 > 32 May 9, 1997 May 29, 1998 12.8 16242 10731 > 33 May 9, 1997 January 29, 1999 21.0 19749 10731 > 34 May 9, 1997December 10, 1999 31.5 24258 10731 > 35 July 18, 1997 April 24, 1998 9.3 15741 11733 > 36 August 22, 1997 April 24, 1998 8.2 15741 12234 > 37 September 26, 199 December 5, 1997 2.3 13737 12735 > 38 September 26, 199 April 24, 1998 7.0 15741 12735 > 39 September 26, 199 January 29, 1999 16.3 19749 12735 > 40 December 5, 1997 April 24, 1998 4.7 15741 13737 > 41 April 24, 1998 January 29, 1999 9.3 19749 15741 > 42 April 24, 1998 October 1, 1999 17.5 23256 15741 > 43 May 29, 1998 January 29, 1999 8.2 19749 16242 > 44 January 29, 1999December 10, 1999 10.5 24258 19749 The stacked interferogram is a composite of the time-sequential interferograms 1, 3, 5, 14, 23, 36, 41, and 44. Details of the Landsat images are as follows: >Landsat 5 TM: >Image name: ls5_p39r35rgb.img >Acquisition date: 27 July, 1993 >Image ID: 5039035009320810 >Path: 39 >Row: 35 >Color infrared image formed from bands > 4, 3, and 2 as red, green, and blue. > > > >Landsat 7 ETM: >Image name: ls7_p39r35rgb.img >Acquisition date: 1 April, 2000 >Image ID: 011010307009100030 >Path: 39 >Row: 35 >Color infrared image formed from bands > 4, 3, and 2 as red, green, and blue. U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

507 National Center

Reston VA 20192 1-888-275-8747 (1-888-ASK-USGS) http://answers.usgs.gov/cgi-bin/gsanswers?pemail=h2oteam&subject=GIS+Dataset+XXXXXXXXX Downloadable Data Although this data set has been used by the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the U.S. Geological Survey as to the accuracy of the data and related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of this data, software, or related materials. The use of firm, trade, or brand names in this report is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. The names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective trademark owners. WinZipped Interferograms in raster format WinZip 170 MB http://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?XXXXXXX WinZipped Interferograms in GeoTIFF format WinZip 58.9 MB http://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?XXXXX WinZipped Landsat Images in imagine format WinZip 6.9 MB http://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?XXXXX None. These data are provided by USGS as a public service. 20050428 U.S. Geological Survey Ask USGS -- Water Webserver Team mailing address

507 National Center

Reston VA 20192 1-888-275-8747 (1-888-ASK-USGS) http://answers.usgs.gov/cgi-bin/gsanswers?pemail=h2oteam&subject=GIS+Dataset+XXXXXXXXX FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html ESRI Metadata Profile