Appendix B. Summary statistics of grade-tonnage models by Donald A. Singer

[Logarithms (base 10) except Al2O3, Fe, Cr203, fiber, Mn, and P2O5, which are percent.

S. D., standard deviation

Komatiitic Ni-CuDunitic Ni-CuSynorogenic-synvolcanic Ni-Cu
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 6.2350.7266317.45100.7664226.3000.699632
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct)
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct)
Co (pct) -1.250.30808-1.592.428631.3330.35063
Ni (pct) .1790.260031-.0048.233722-.1175.258032
Cu (pct)-.8450.254821-1.415.488612-.3170.310129
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb) -.4703.289811-.8564.44675-1.005.27993
Pt (ppb) -.6967.22135...-1.508.18492
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb) -1.145.08609-1.8220.70005
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t)
Au (g/t) -1.443.533510-1.7220-.18305-940.41513
Zn (pct)
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct)
Sb (pct)

Minor podiform CrMajor podiform CrSerpentine-hosted asbestos
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 2.1120.92924354.3210.75981747.4190.587450
RE20 5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct) .6618.185950
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct)
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct) 42. 137.77543544.037.291174
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct)
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct)
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb) .6723.467131.5411.369416
Pt (ppb) 1.489.4564331.156.194812...
Rh (ppb) .9088.3940691.116.168314
Ir (ppb) 1.815.3126381.894.30039
Ru (ppb) 2.278.2217292.344.07637
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t)
Au (g/t)
Zn (pct)
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct)
Sb (pct)

CarbonatiteW skarnSn skarn
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 7.7770.4414206.0161.025286.7740.61784
RE2O5 (pct) -1.0131.2075
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct) -.1951.356220
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct)
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct)
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct)
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct) -.1826.243028
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t)
Au (g/t)
Zn (pct)
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct) -.5031.30144
Pb (pct)
Sb (pct)

Replacement SnW veinSn vein
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 6.7200.549365.7480.8574165.3741.00043
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct)
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct)
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct)
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct) -.0400.140816
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t)
Au (g/t)
Zn (pct)
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct) -.0965.12656.1038.202843
Pb (pct)
Sb (pct)

Sn greisenClimax MoPorphyry copper
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 6.85720.7449108.3050.502098.1590.6864208
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct)
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct)
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct)-.26901900208
Mo (pct) -.7171.13639-1.907.4343103
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t) .2180.364676
Au (g/t) -.9077.701281
Zn (pct)
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct) -.5491.170710
Pb (pct)
Sb (pct)

Porphyry Cu, skarn-relatedCu skarnZn-Pb skarn
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 7.9010.4726185.7470.9505646.1510.730234
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct)
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct)
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct)-.0081221118.2266.288064-.3377.458517
Mo (pct) -1.657.25914
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t) .6798.418591.331.6955152.059.390822
Au (g/t) -.4829.50206.2496.610716-.3489.51347
Zn (pct) .7719.270934
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct) .5076.305330
Sb (pct)

Fe skarnPolymetallic replacementReplacement Mn
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 6.8581.0411686.2610.6884524.3481.07337
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct) -1.481.44933
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct) 32.5411.2837
Fe (pct) 49.6110.28168
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct)-.6327.512135-.0546.28394
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t) 2.286.459945
Au (g/t) -.1462.731935
Zn (pct) .5937.536151
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct) .7041.474952
Sb (pct)

Porphyry Cu-AuPorphyry Cu-MoPorphyry Mo, low-F
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 8.0050.4746408.7060.4831167.9740.605333
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct)
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct)
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct)-.2968.120540-.3777.167916
Mo (pct) -2.516.368120-1.802.268316-1.070.145933
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t) .2012.372027.0852.416216
Au (g/t) -.4178.213840-1.908.418916
Zn (pct)
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct)
Sb (pct)

Polymetallic veinCyprus massive sulfideBesshi massive sulfide
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 3.8801.109756.1050.8765495.3390.970144
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct)
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct)
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct)-.7169.837833.2040.3o6849.1633.279844
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t) 2.938.5935741.109.645715.8956.383814
Au (g/t) .20881.16654-.0417.689315-.4650.469714
Zn (pct) .4439.371860-.1021.708516-.2506.27556
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct) .9529.442675-1.333.57743
Sb (pct)

Volcanogenic MnCreede epithermal veinComstock epithermal vein
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 4.6740.9607936.1510.9382275.8840.837941
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct) -1.055.51158
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct) 38.809.72393
Fe (pct)
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct).5254.484319-1.816.795518
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t) 2.099.4766272.060.815641
Au (g/t) .3265.587423.8726.441041
Zn (pct) .2744.554526-1.5941.7023
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct) .4057274024-1.870.981719
Sb (pct)

Sado epithermal veinEpithermal quartz-alunite AuVolcanogenic U
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 5.4720.7876206.1990.666385.5350.945121
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct) -.9353.265621
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct)
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct)
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct)-.72001.1539-.62551.0455
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t) -1.579.6647201.251.67888
Au (g/t) .8363.400718.8927.23418
Zn (pct) -.6021
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct) -2.372.21292
Sb (pct)

Epithermal MnRhyolite-hosted SnVolcanic-hosted magnetite
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 4.3720.8246592.9920.49371327.6020.822239
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct) -0.3979.287436
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct) 30.598.53859
Fe (pct) 53.7211.0839
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct)
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t)
Au (g/t)
Zn (pct)
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct) -.4130.3352132
Pb (pct)
Sb (pct)

Carbonate-hosted Au-AgHot-spring HgSilica-carbonate Hg
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 6.7060.5202353.9781.312204.4481.03828
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct)
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct)
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct)
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t) 1.340.71486
Au (g/t) .4106.391434
Zn (pct)
Hg (pct) -.4622.200220-.4070.173828
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct)
Sb (pct)

Sb veinsDisseminated SbKuroko massive sulfide
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 2.2561.117814.9430.8211236.1750.8495432
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct)
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct)
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct).0999.3493432
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t) 1.561.28518.079211.459.5133284
Au (g/t) .7111.68729-.52781.1722-.1080.5281238
Zn (pct) .4482.4626330
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct) -.1269.5506184
Sb (pct) 1.540.220081.5505.230823

Algoma Fe and Superior FeSandstone-hosted Pb-ZnSediment-hosted Cu
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 8.2180.9105666.7290.8268207.3410.918657
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct) -1.256.485347
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct) 50.8313.6566
Co (pct) -.6226.191910
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct).3317.254057
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t) 1.050.582491.208.764612
Au (g/t)
Zn (pct) -.2320.676914
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct) .3332.301120
Sb (pct)
Southeast Missouri Pb-Zn

Sedimentary exhalative Zn-PbBedded bariteand Appalachian Zn
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 7.1670.7315456.2590.9271257.5420.929920
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct) 83.0213.0025
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct)
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct)
Co (pct)
Ni (pct) -.7273.479711
Cu (pct)
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t) -1.6367.470537.6693.691710
Au (g/t)
Zn (pct) .7519.290845.6079.362320
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct) .4443.344345.0893.406816
Sb (pct)

Sedimentary MnPhosphate, upwellingPhosphate, warm current
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 6.8621.240398.5200.8611608.6030.736018
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct) -.9034.327313
P2O5 (pct) 23.966.6046024.163.40218
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct) 31.3813.0539
Fe (pct)
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct)
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t)
Au (g/t)
Zn (pct)
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct)
Sb (pct)

Low-sulfide Au-quartz veinsHomestake AuUnconformity U-Au
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 4.4701.1633135.9740.85921165.3561.27436
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct) -.2816.416736
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct)
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct)
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct)
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t) .6961.356339.2093.523452
Au (g/t) 1.203.3327313.9647.2518116
Zn (pct)
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct)
Sb (pct)

Lateritic NiLaterite bauxiteKarst bauxite
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric)
RE20 5 (pet)
Monazite (pet RED)
U 08 (pet)
Z~rcon (pet ZrO2)
Nb 0 5 (pet)
Figer (pet)
Barite (pet)
Al O~t)(pct)
Tonnage (metric) 7.6450.5864717.4011 . 1421227.3660.681141
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO)
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2)
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct) 44.977.74712249.187.93041
P (pct)
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2)
Rutile (pct TiO2)
Leucocite (pct TiO2)
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct)
Co (pct) -1 159166512
Ni (pct) .1346.104371
Cu (pct)
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb)
Pt (ppb)
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb)
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb)
Ag (g/t)
Au (g/t)
Zn (pct)
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct)
Sb (pct)

Placer Au-PGEPlacer PGE-AuShoreline placer Ti
NumberNumberNumber
ofofof
Deposit typeMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.depositsMeanS.D.deposits
Tonnage (metric) 6.0301-312655.1120.8548837.9420.701461
RE2O5 (pct)
Monazite (pct REO) -1.5262.819029
U3O8 (pct)
Zircon (pct ZrO2) -.5703.422152
Nb2O5 (pct)
Fiber (pct)
Barite (pct)
Al2O3 (pct)
P (pct)
P2O5 (pct)
Ilmenite (pct TiO2) .1026.575561
Rutile (pct TiO2) -.6723.422050
Leucocite (pct TiO2) -.6469.543924
Cr2O3 (pct)
Mn (pct)
Fe (pct)
Co (pct)
Ni (pct)
Cu (pct)
Mo (pct)
WO3 (pct)
Pd (ppb) -2.825.981813
Pt (ppb) .2010.570183
Rh (ppb)
Ir (ppb) -2.0771.19310
Ru (ppb)
Os (ppb) -1.8051.06821
Ag (g/t) -1.571.395416
Au (g/t) -.6983.292865-1.531.849523
Zn (pct)
Hg (pct)
Sn (pct)
Pb (pct)
Sb (pct)