USGS OFR 96-525 Coal ash by emission spectrometry, table 31

Coal ash by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

Table 31: Analytical performance summary for elements (ppm) in coal ash by ICP-MS

[A=National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 1985; B=NIST, 1993; C=Kane, 1990; S=Sinter; M=Multi-acid]

Reference	Description	n	Mean	s	pv	%RSD	%R	Decomposition technique
Antimony, Sb
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	23	3.6	0.3	3.5	B 7	102	M
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	23	7.3	0.6	6.8	A cv 9	108	M
CLB-1	coal	37	25	2	24	C 9	106	M
Arsenic, As
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	23	63	4	54.7	B cv 7	115	M
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	23	172	9	145	A cv 5	118	M
CLB-1	coal	37	260	24	237	C 9	110	M
Bismuth, Bi
CLB-1	coal	37	1.3	0.1	1.2	C ? 9	106	M
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	23	1.3	0.2	--	13	--	M
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	23	1.7	0.2	--	14	--	M
Cadmium, Cd
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	23	1.1	0.3	0.843	B cv 28	127	M
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	23	1.2	0.2	1	A cv 15	117	M
CLB-1	coal	37	1.2	0.2	1.1	C 16	109	M
Cerium, Ce
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	125	7	132	B 6	94	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	169	12	180	A 7	94	S
CLB-1	coal	35	174	14	183	C 8	95	S
Cesium, Cs
CLB-1	coal	37	5.1	0.8	5.7	C 15	89	M
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	23	6	1	6.5	B 24	93	M
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	23	10	2	11	A 19	93	M
Dysprosium, Dy
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	9.4	0.6	--	6	--	S
CLB-1	coal	35	15	1	15.2	C ? 7	101	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	16	1	--	7	--	S
Erbium, Er
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	5.3	0.4	--	7	--	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	8.5	0.4	--	5	--	S
CLB-1	coal	35	8.7	0.7	8.7	C ? 8	100	S
Europium, Eu
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	2.5	0.2	2.5	B 8	102	S
CLB-1	coal	35	3.9	0.3	3.8	C 7	103	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	4	0.2	4	A 6	99	S
Gadolinium, Gd
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	10.2	0.9	--	8	--	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	16	2	--	9	--	S
CLB-1	coal	35	16	1	17	C ? 8	91	S
Gallium, Ga
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	23	44	3	--	7	--	M
CLB-1	coal	37	55	4	51.3	C 6	108	M
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	23	65	6	58	A 10	112	M
Germanium, Ge
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	23	33	4	--	13	--	M
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	23	39	3	--	6	--	M
CLB-1	coal	37	187	21	158	C ? 11	118	M
Hafnium, Hf
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	6.8	0.6	6.3	B 8	108	S
CLB-1	coal	35	7.3	0.6	6.6	C 8	110	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	8.1	0.8	8	A 10	101	S
Holmium, Ho
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	1.7	0.1	--	6	--	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	2.9	0.2	--	6	--	S
CLB-1	coal	35	2.9	0.2	3.1	C ? 7	94	S
Lanthanum, La
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	64	3	75	B 5	86	S
CLB-1	coal	35	91	9	83.8	C 9	109	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	88	5	--	6	--	S
Lead, Pb
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	23	63	8	54	B cv 13	117	M
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	23	83	7	72.4	A cv 9	115	M
ClLB-1	coal	37	95	6	81.9	C 7	116	M
Moybdenum, Mo
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	23	13.4	0.5	13	B 3	102	M
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	23	35	1	29	A 3	119	M
CLB-1	coal	37	220	11	162	C ? 5	136	M
Neodymium, Nd
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	53	3	--	5	--	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	76	5	--	6	--	S
CLB-1	coal	35	77	5	81	C 6	95	S
Niobium, Nb
CLB-1	coal	37	22	3	18	C 14	122	M
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	23	24	1	--	5	--	M
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	23	30	3	--	8	--	M
Praseodymium, Pr
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	13.7	0.7	--	5	--	S
CLB-1	coal	35	19	1	15	C ? 8	129	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	19	1	--	7	--	S
Rubidium, Rb
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	23	75	21	80.9	B cv 28	92	M
CLB-1	coal	37	91	18	97	C 20	94	M
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	23	148	31	131	A cv 21	113	M
Samarium, Sm
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	10.9	0.7	13	B 6	85	S
CLB-1	coal	35	16	1	16	c 7	102	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	16.4	0.8	--	5	--	S
Tantalum, Ta
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	2	0.2	--	12	--	S
CLB-1	coal	35	2	0.2	2.1	C 9	95	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	2.1	0.2	--	9	--	S
Terbium, Tb
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	1.5	0.1	--	7	--	S
CLB-1	coal	35	2.4	0.2	2.5	C 8	96	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	2.5	0.2	--	7	--	S
Thallium, Tl
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	23	2.3	0.3	--	12	--	M
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	23	6.5	0.6	5.7	A cv 9	113	M
CLB-1	coal	37	13	0.9	12	C ? 7	107	M
Thulium, Tm
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	0.76	0.07	--	9	--	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	1.2	0.08	--	7	--	S
CLB-1	coal	35	1.3	0.1	1.3	C ? 8	96	S
Tin, Sn
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	23	9.5	0.5	--	5	--	M
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	23	9.2	0.7	--	7	--	M
CLB-1	coal	37	11	1	11	C ? 11	100	M
Tungsten, W
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	6.8	0.5	7.1	B 8	97	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	6.1	0.5	--	9	--	S
CLB-1	coal	35	12	1	12	C 9	102	S
Uranium, U
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	23	6.6	0.6	6.41	B cv 9	103	M
CLB-1	coal	37	8.4	0.5	9.9	C 6	84	M
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	23	12	0.9	10.2	A cv 8	115	M
Ytterbium, Yb
SRM 1632b	coal (bituminous)	21	5	0.4	--	8	--	S
SRM 1633a	coal fly ash	21	7.7	0.5	--	6	--	S
CLB-1	coal	35	7.8	0.6	8.5	C 7	91	S

Duplicate samples	k	n	Mean	s	%RSD	Concentration range	No of < (total)	No of < (pairs)	Decompostion technique
As	52	2	91	5	5	0.39 to 1287	2	1	M
Bi	52	2	0.81	0.05	6	0.02 to 2.96	2	1	M
Cd	53	2	0.92	0.04	4	0.10 to 10	0	0	M
Ce	47	2	126	3	2	29 to 340	0	0	S
Cs	53	2	7.4	0.2	3	0.15 to 26	0	0	M
Dy	47	2	11.9	0.3	3	1.8 to 29	0	0	S
Er	47	2	6.8	0.2	3	1.2 to 21	0	0	S
Eu	47	2	3.4	0.2	6	1.2 to 7.8	0	0	S
Ga	53	2	48	1	2	13 to 283	0	0	M
Gd	47	2	12.4	0.4	3	2.6 to 32	0	0	S
Ge	53	2	34	3	9	0.47 to 905	0	0	M
Hf	47	2	12.1	0.4	3	14 to 45	0	0	S
Ho	47	2	2.23	0.06	3	0.38 to 6.5	0	0	S
La	47	2	66	2	3	13 to 143	0	0	S
Mo	53	2	16.5	0.5	3	0.34 to 126	0	0	M
Nb	53	2	42	3	7	7.5 to 146	0	0	M
Nd	47	2	58	2	3	13 to 183	0	0	S
Pb	53	2	44	2	5	4.4 to 149	0	0	M
Pr	47	2	14.7	0.4	3	3.6 to 44	0	0	S
Rb	53	2	88	6	7	2.0 to 315	0	0	M
Sb	53	2	4.25	0.09	2	0.02 to 34	0	0	M
Sm	47	2	12.5	0.3	2	2.9 to 39	0	0	S
Sn	53	2	8.6	0.4	4	2.0 to 29	0	0	M
Ta	47	2	2.9	0.1	3	0.47 to 9.8	0	0	S
Tb	47	2	1.88	0.05	3	0.39 to 4.7	0	0	S
Tl	51	2	3.2	0.1	3	0.07 to 22	4	2	M
Tm	47	2	0.97	0.02	2	0.16 to 3.1	0	0	S
U	53	2	8.1	0.2	2	1.9 to 48	0	0	M
W	47	2	5.6	0.5	9	0.20 to 21	0	0	S
Yb	47	2	6.2	0.2	3	1.1 to 20	0	0	S

Method blank	n	Mean	s	3s	5s	Decompostion technique
As	30	0.03	0.08	0.3	0.4	M
Bi	30	0.05	0.05	0.2	0.3	M
Cd	30	0.1	0.03	0.08	0.1	M
Ce	30	0.06	0.06	0.2	0.3	S
Cs	30	0.005	0.004	0.01	0.02	M
Dy	30	0.03	0.03	0.09	0.2	S
Er	30	0.03	0.03	0.1	0.2	S
Eu	30	0.02	0.02	0.05	0.08	S
Ga	30	0.04	0.01	0.04	0.06	M
Gd	30	0.04	0.04	0.1	0.2	S
Ge	30	0.05	0.04	0.1	0.2	M
Hf	30	0.2	0.1	0.4	0.6	S
Ho	30	0.09	0.01	0.03	0.06	S
La	30	0.04	0.03	0.1	0.2	S
Mo	30	0.08	0.04	0.1	0.2	M
Nb	30	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.5	M
Nd	30	0.11	0.06	0.3	0.4	S
Pb	30	0.5	0.4	1	2	M
Pr	30	0.02	0.02	0.05	0.08	S
Rb	30	0.03	0.02	0.05	0.08	M
Sb	30	0.12	0.07	0.2	0.4	M
Sm	30	0.08	0.05	0.1	0.2	S
Sn	30	0.4	0.3	0.9	1	M
Ta	30	0.19	0.08	0.2	0.4	S
Tb	30	0.02	0.03	0.09	0.2	S
Tl	30	0.05	0.05	0.2	0.3	M
Tm	30	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.04	S
U	30	0.008	0.004	0.01	0.02	M
W	30	0.21	0.09	0.3	0.5	S
Yb	30	0.06	0.03	0.1	0.2	S