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REFERENCES


Becher, A.E., 1999, Groundwater, in Shultz, C.H., ed., The geology of Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Geological Survey and Pittsburgh Geological Society, 888 p.

Bender, D.A., Zogorski, J.S., Halde, M.J., and Rowe, B.L., 1999, Selection procedure and salient information for volatile organic compounds emphasized in the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99–182, 32 p.

Biesecker, J.E., and George, J.R., 1966, Stream quality in Appalachia as related to coal-mine drainage, 1965: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 526, 27 p., 1 pl.

Britton, L.J., Anderson, C.L., Goolsby, D.A., and Van Haveren, B.P., eds., 1989, Summary of the USGS and U.S.Bureau of Land Management National Coal Hydrology Program, 1974–84: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1464, 183 p.

Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, 1995, Protocol for the derivation of Canadian sediment quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life: Winnipeg, Manitoba, Task Group on Water Quality Guidelines report CCME EPC–98E, 38 p.

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More than two-thirds of the study area is hemlock and hardwood forest.
More than two-thirds of the study area is hemlock and hardwood forest.

Cooper, E.L., 1983, Fishes of Pennsylvania and the Northeastern United States: University Park, Pa., Pennsylvania State Press, 243 p.

Eychaner, J.H., 1999, Progress of environmental studies in coal mining areas of western Pennsylvania and central West Virginia, in Twentieth Annual West Virginia Surface Mine Drainage Task Force Symposium, 1999, Proceedings: Morgantown, W. Va., 6 p.

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Diverse aquatic communities can be found in western tributaries.  
Diverse aquatic communities can be found in western tributaries.  

Lindsey, B.D., and Bickford, T.M., 1999, Hydrogeologic framework and sampling design for an assessment of agricultural pesticides in ground water in Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99–4076, 44 p.

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_____1999, The science of acid mine drainage and passive treatment: Bureau of Abandoned Mine Reclamation, 10 p.

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Urban areas generally are within river valleys.
Urban areas generally are within river valleys.

Puente, Celso, and Atkins, J.T., 1989, Simulation of rainfall-runoff response in mined and unmined watersheds in coal area of West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2298, 48 p.

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Farm fields, intermixed with forest, follow hill contours.  
Farm fields, intermixed with forest, follow hill contours.  

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_____1999b, Proposed radon in drinking water rule: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency report EPA 815–F–99–006, accessed July 14, 2000, at URL http://www.epa.gov/OGWDW/radon/fact.html.

_____1996, The National Sediment Quality Survey—A report to Congress on the extent and severity of sediment contamination in surface waters of the United States: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Science and Technology, Draft Report EPA 823–D–96–002.

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Coal mining is a difficult land use to quantify but is one that can significantly alter water quality.
Coal mining is a difficult land use to quantify but is one that can significantly alter water quality.

West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection, 1998, West Virginia’s Water Quality Assessment 305(b) Report: West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection, 142 p.

Williams, D.R., and Clark, M.E., 2001, Nutrients and organic compounds in Deer Creek and South Branch Plum Creek in southwestern Pennsylvania, April 1996 through September 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 00–4061.

Williams, D.R., Clark, M.E., and Brown, J.B., 1999, Stream water quality in coal mined areas of the Lower Cheat River Basin, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, during low-flow conditions, July 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98–4258, 8 p.

Williams, D.R., Sams, J.I., III, and Mulkerrin, M.E., 1996, Effects of coal-mine discharges on the quality of the Stonycreek River and its tributaries, Somerset and Cambria Counties, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96–4133, 95 p.

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U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1202

Suggested citation:

Anderson, R.M., Beer, K.M., Buckwalter, T.F., Clark, M.E., McAuley, S.D., Sams, J.I. III, and Williams, D.R., 2000, Water Quality in the Allegheny and Monongahela River Basins Pennsylvania, West Virginia, New York, and Maryland, 1996-98: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1202, 32 p., on-line at https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/circ1202/

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