Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 20131108 Title: Topographic Lidar Survey of the Alabama, Mississippi, and Southeast Louisiana Barrier Islands, from September 5 to October 11, 2012 -- Classified Point Data Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: binary point cloud Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: XXXX Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Fla. Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/XXX Description: Abstract: This Data Series Report contains lidar elevation data collected September 5 to October 11, 2012, for the barrier islands of Alabama, Mississippi and southeast Louisiana, including the coast near Port Fourchon. Most of the data were collected September 5-10, 2012, with a reflight conducted on October 11, 2012, to increase point density in some areas. Lidar data exchange format (LAS) 1.2 formatted point data files were generated based on these data. The point cloud data were processed to extract bare earth data; therefore, the point cloud data are organized into only four classes: 1-unclassified, 2-ground, 7-noise and 9-water. Aero-Metric, Inc., was contracted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to collect and process these data. The lidar data were collected at a nominal pulse spacing (NPS) of 1.0 meter (m). The horizontal projection and datum of the data are Universe Transverse Mercator, zones 15N and 16N, North American Datum 1983 (UTM Zone 15N or 16N NAD83), meters. The vertical datum is North American Vertical Datum 1988, Geoid 2012 (NAVD88, GEOID12), meters. These lidar data are available to Federal, State and local governments, emergency-response officials, resource managers, and the general public. Purpose: The lidar survey was acquired to document the changes of several different barrier island systems resulting from Hurricane Isaac. This survey supports detailed studies of Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama barrier islands that resolve annual and episodic changes in beaches, berms and dunes associated with processes driven by storms, sea-level rise, and even human restoration activities. Supplemental_Information: Lidar data acquisition, calibration, and follow-on processing were completed by Aero-Metric, Inc. Aero-Metric was contracted by the USGS to conduct the work. The file naming convention is based on a 2-kilometer (km) by 2-km tiling scheme. The geographic extent of each tile falls on even 2000 x and y UTM zone 15N or 16N, NAD83, meters, coordinates. The first two digits of the file name represent the UTM zone. The last eight digits are based on the lower-left (LL) xy coordinates of the tile. For example, tile name 15_69802160 uses 6980 to represent an LL x-coordinate of 698,000, and uses 2160 to represent an LL y-coordinate of 3,216,000 (ignoring the first digit). Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20120905 Ending_Date: 20121011 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -90.975 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.065 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.256 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.036 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: barrier islands Theme_Keyword: Hurricane Isaac Theme_Keyword: Light Detection and Ranging Theme_Keyword: lidar Theme_Keyword: model Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: elevation data Theme_Keyword: bare earth Theme_Keyword: hydrology Theme_Keyword: laser altimetry Theme_Keyword: LAS Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Science Directory (GCMD) Theme_Keyword: LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION Theme_Keyword: OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > BARRIER ISLANDS Theme_Keyword: COASTAL PROCESSES > BEACHES Theme_Keyword: DOI/USGS/CMG > COASTAL AND MARINE GEOLOGY, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD Instrument Theme_Keyword: LIDAR > LIGHT DETECTION AND RANGING Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Alabama Place_Keyword: Mississippi Place_Keyword: Louisiana Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico Place_Keyword: Barrier Islands Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico Barrier Islands Place_Keyword: Raccoon Island Place_Keyword: Trinity Island Place_Keyword: Isles Dernieres Place_Keyword: Timbalier Island Place_Keyword: East Timbalier Island Place_Keyword: Port Fourchon Place_Keyword: Elmers Island Place_Keyword: Grand Isle Place_Keyword: Grand Terre Island Place_Keyword: Bastian Island Place_Keyword: Pelican Island Place_Keyword: Stake Island Place_Keyword: Grand Gosier Island Place_Keyword: Breton Island Place_Keyword: Chandeleur Islands Place_Keyword: Cat Island Place_Keyword: Ship Island Place_Keyword: Horn Island Place_Keyword: Petit Bois Island Place_Keyword: Dauphin Island Place_Keyword: United States Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Temporal_Keyword: 2012 Access_Constraints: None. Use_Constraints: None. However, users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this dataset was collected and some parts of this data may no longer represent surface conditions. Users should not use this data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations. Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated for products derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Nathaniel Plant Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th St. S. City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-803-2031 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nplant@usgs.gov Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time) Dataset_Credit: Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices. Sharing of new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U.S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other datasets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photointerpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such. Native_Dataset_Environment: Contractor: Aero-Metric, Inc. 1. Scanner - Optech 3100 Serial 05SEN175 and Leica ALS70 SN7169 2. Processing Programs and versions - Applanix - POSGPS and POSProc, versions 4.4, MMS version 5.2 3. Program and version - Optech ASDA 4. Processing Programs and versions - TerraSolid TerraScan (version 012.016), TerraModeler (version 012.008) and TerraMatch (version 012.009), Intergraph MicroStation (version 08.05.02.55), and GeoCue (version 2011.1.20.4). 5. Viewing Program - GlobalMapper V13.00 Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: The classified LAS files were tested by Aero-Metric for vertical and horizontal accuracy. Completeness_Report: Complete. Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The USGS conducted ground surveys in a small area on Chandeleur Island on September 6, 2012, one on bare earth and another in mixed bare earth and vegetated areas. The USGS calculated a vertical root mean square error (RMSEz) of 0.072 m (m) and an offset of 0.007 m using interpolated 2-m by 2-m resolution grid surfaces made from lidar bare-earth data and the combined USGS ground surveys. The contractor was required to achieve a fundamental vertical accuracy (FVA) of 24.5 centimeters (cm), 95 percent (12.5 cm RMSEz); a consolidated vertical accuracy (CVA) of 36.3 cm, 95th percentile; and a target value for supplemental vertical accuracies (SVA) of 36.3 cm, 95th percentile. Aero-Metric's vertical accuracy assessment was as follows: The FVA of the LAS swath data achieved 5.0 cm at a 95 percent confidence level with an RMSEz of 2.5 cm utilizing (2280) ground survey check points provided by the USGS. The SVA results in an area of open terrain achieved 4.8 cm at the 95th percentile where (2280) ground survey check points provided by the USGS were evaluated. The SVA results in an area of vegetation achieved 10.7 cm at the 95th percentile where (2421) ground survey check points provided by the USGS were evaluated. The CVA results for all land cover classes, ground and vegetation combined, achieved 7.3 cm at the 95th percentile where (4700) checkpoints were evaluated. The USGS also conducted a terrestrial lidar survey on Dauphin Island, Louisiana, on September 3, 2012. The USGS calculated an RMSEz of 0.32 m and an offset of 0.27 m using interpolated 2-m by 2-m resolution grid surfaces from the airborne lidar bare-earth data and the terrestrial lidar survey. Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Area data products collected with the Optech 3100 or Leica ALS70 were acquired at or below 1200 m above mean terrain (AMT) and have a horizontal accuracy of 0.218 m, per manufacturer’s system specifications, with a nominal point spacing of 1.0 m. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Aero-Metric, Inc. Publication_Date: 20130124 Title: Lidar Raw Data for Gulf of Mexico Barrier Islands Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: lidar data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Aero-Metric, Inc. Publisher: Aero-Metric, Inc., Aerial LiDAR Department Type_of_Source_Media: digital hard drive Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20120905 Ending_Date: 20121011 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Raw Lidar Data Source_Contribution: This data source was used to populate the lidar point cloud data. This dataset is not included in this Data Series Report. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Ground Control Points Type_of_Source_Media: digital hard drive Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20120903 Ending_Date: 20120906 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Ground Control Points Source_Contribution: This data source was used in lidar processing and accuracy assessment. This dataset is not included in this Data Series Report. Process_Step: Process_Description: Lidar Pre-Processing: The point cloud data was imported into TerraScan in a Microstation V8 (V) CAD environment on a specified 2000 m by 2000 m tiling scheme. The data were analyzed for overall completeness and consistency. The data were then inspected for calibration errors with TerraMatch software. This was accomplished by sampling the data collected across all flight lines and classifying the individual lines to ground. The software used the ground-classified lines to compute calibration corrections for heading, pitch, roll, and scale, which were then applied to the dataset. USGS ground surveys from a small area on the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana, were used to test the accuracy of the lidar ground surface. TerraScan's Output Control Report (OCR) was used to compare the quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) data to the lidar data. This routine searches the lidar dataset by x,y coordinates, finds the closest lidar point and compares the vertical (z) values to the known data collected in the ground survey. Based on the QA/QC data, necessary bias adjustments were made to the lidar data. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Raw Lidar Data Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Ground Control Points Process_Date: 20121001 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Calibrated Lidar Datasets Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Aero-Metric, Inc. Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 4020 Technology Parkway City: Sheboygan State_or_Province: WI Postal_Code: 53083 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 920-457-3631 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 920-457-4010 Process_Step: Process_Description: Lidar Ground Classification: Automatic ground classification was performed using algorithms with customized parameters to best fit the project area. Areas of varying relief and planimetric features were inspected to verify the ground classification. Each tile was reviewed for accuracy and consistency. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Calibrated Lidar Datasets Process_Date: 20121001 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Classified Lidar Datasets Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Aero-Metric, Inc. Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 4020 Technology Parkway City: Sheboygan State_or_Province: WI Postal_Code: 53083 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 920-457-3631 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 920-457-4010 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Indirect_Spatial_Reference: Tile Index Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 16 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -87.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.01 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.01 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 Altitude_Resolution: 0.01 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type_Label: *.las Entity_Type_Definition: LAS 1.2 files. The asterisk represents the file name (see Supplemental Information section). Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Internally devised naming convention. Attribute: Attribute_Label: X Attribute_Definition: UTM zone 16N NAD83 easting in meters Attribute_Definition_Source: UTM zone 16N NAD83 coordinate system Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: varying value range Attribute: Attribute_Label: Y Attribute_Definition: UTM zone 16N NAD83 northing in meters Attribute_Definition_Source: UTM zone 16N NAD83 coordinate system Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: varying value range Attribute: Attribute_Label: Z Attribute_Definition: NAVD88 GEOID12 elevation in meters Attribute_Definition_Source: NAVD88 GEOID12 Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: varying value range Attribute: Attribute_Label: Intensity Attribute_Definition: The intensity value is the integer representation of the pulse return magnitude. This value is optional and system specific. Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Integers of varying value range Attribute: Attribute_Label: Return Number Attribute_Definition: The Return Number is the pulse return number for a given output pulse. A given output laser pulse can have many returns, and they must be marked in sequence of return. The first return will have a Return Number of one, the second a Return Number of two, and so on up to five returns. Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 5 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Number of Returns Attribute_Definition: The Number of Returns is the total number of returns for a given pulse. For example, a laser data point may be return two (Return Number) within a total number of five returns. Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 5 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Scan Direction Flag Attribute_Definition: The Scan Direction Flag denotes the direction at which the scanner mirror was traveling at the time of the output pulse. A bit value of 1 is a positive scan direction, and a bit value of 0 is a negative scan direction, where positive scan direction is a scan moving from the left side of the in-track direction to the right side and negative the opposite. Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Edge of Flight Line Attribute_Definition: The Edge of Flight Line data bit has a value of 1 only when the point is at the end of a scan. It is the last point on a given scan line before it changes direction. Attribute_Definition_Source: UTM zone 16N NAD83 coordinate system Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Classification Attribute_Definition: These data were specifically processed for bare earth (ground). Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS and Photo Science Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unclassified Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: ASPRS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Ground Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: ASPRS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 7 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Noise (low point) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: ASPRS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 9 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Water Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: ASPRS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Scan Angle Rank Attribute_Definition: The Scan Angle Rank is a signed one-byte number with a valid range from -90 to 90. The Scan Angle Rank is the angle (rounded to the nearest integer in the absolute value sense) at which the laser point was output from the laser system including the roll of the aircraft. The scan angle is within 1 degree of accuracy from -90 to 90 degrees. Zero degrees is the nadir and -90 degrees is to the left side of the aircraft in the direction of flight. Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -90 Range_Domain_Maximum: 90 Attribute: Attribute_Label: User Data Attribute_Definition: This field may be used at the user's discretion. Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: undefined Attribute: Attribute_Label: Point Source ID Attribute_Definition: This value indicates the file from which this point originated. Valid values for this field are 1 to 65,535 inclusive with zero being used for a special case discussed below. The numerical value corresponds to the File Source ID from which this point originated. Zero is reserved as a convenience to system implementers. A Point Source ID of zero implies that this point originated in this file. This implies that processing software should set the Point Source ID equal to the File Source ID of the file containing this point at some time during processing. Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 65,535 Attribute: Attribute_Label: GPS Time Attribute_Definition: The GPS Time is the double floating point time tag value at which the point was acquired. It is GPS Week Time if the Global Encoding low bit is clear and POSIX Time if the Global Encoding low bit is set. Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: varying value range Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Nathaniel Plant Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, Fla. Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747 Hours_of_Service: Monday-Friday, 9:00-5:00 Eastern Time Resource_Description: DS XXX Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: LAS, zipped Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/XXX/data/ Fees: None if obtained online;otherwise prices vary. Ordering_Instructions: Publications are available from USGS Information Services, Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225-0046 (telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS, e-mail: infoservices@usgs.gov). Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20130908 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: K. Guy Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-803-2031 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kguy@usgs.gov Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time) Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Access_Constraints: None. Metadata_Use_Constraints: None. Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None. Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: NONE