Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Marci E. Marot
      Originator: C. Scott Adams
      Originator: Kathryn A. Richwine
      Originator: Christopher G. Smith
      Publication_Date: 20170315
      Title: Sediment Physical Properties Data from Sediment Cores Collected in March 2012 Along the Northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana (U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity Numbers 12BIM01)
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series
        Issue_Identification: 1045
      Larger_Work_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Marci E. Marot
          Originator: C. Scott Adams
          Originator: Kathyrn A. Richwine
          Originator: Christopher G. Smith
          Publication_Date: 20170315
          Title: Sediment Lithology and Radiochemistry from the Back-Barrier Environments Along the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana: March 2012
          Edition: 1.0
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: multimedia presentation
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series
            Issue_Identification: 1045
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
          Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1045
  Description:
    Abstract:
      Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center collected a set of sediment cores from the back-barrier environments along the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana, in March 2012. The sampling efforts were part of a larger USGS study to evaluate effects on the geomorphology of the Chandeleur Islands following the construction of an artificial sand berm to reduce oil transport onto federally managed lands. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of the back-barrier tidal and wetland environments to the berm. This report serves as an archive for sedimentological and radiochemical data derived from the sediment cores. The data described in this report is available for download.
    Purpose: The Physical_Parameter_Data.xlsx file includes all bulk lithologic analysis results from back-barrier wetland sediment cores collected on or around the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana in March 2012 by the USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center. 
   Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Range_of_Dates/Times:
        Beginning_Date: 20120324
        Ending_Date: 20120326
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.835832
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.825012
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.969498
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.895495
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
      Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
      Theme_Keyword: biota
      Theme_Keyword: oceans
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: geology
      Theme_Keyword: geochemistry 
      Theme_Keyword: unconsolidated deposits
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword: back-barrier
      Theme_Keyword: estuaries
      Theme_Keyword: wetland
      Theme_Keyword: sediment
      Theme_Keyword: core
      Theme_Keyword: physical parameters
      Theme_Keyword: water content
      Theme_Keyword: dry bulk density
      Theme_Keyword: porosity
      Theme_Keyword: loss on ignition
      Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
      Theme_Keyword: USGS
      Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
      Place_Keyword: Louisiana
      Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico
      Place_Keyword: Chandeleur Islands
    Stratum:
      Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Stratum_Keyword: sediment
      Stratum_Keyword: subsurface
    Temporal:
      Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Temporal_Keyword: March 2012
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be acknowledged as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data.
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
        Contact_Person: Marci E. Marot
      Contact_Position: Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: Mailing and physical
        Address: 600 4th Street South
        City: St. Petersburg
        State_or_Province: FL
        Postal_Code: 33701
        Country: US
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: mmarot@usgs.gov
  Data_Set_Credit: U.S. Geological Survey
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 7 Enterprise Service Pack 1; Microsoft Excel Version 2010
Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The physical parameters reported in the tables were analyzed at the USGS SPCMSC sedimentology lab. These lithologic data have not been independently verified for accuracy.  Replicate analyses of loss on ignition are reported for quality assurance.
  Logical_Consistency_Report: The data include core ID, date of collection, sample depth interval in core (cm), water content, dry bulk density, porosity, and loss on ignition.
  Completeness_Report: This is a complete processed physical parameters data file for the USGS FAN 12BIM01.
  Lineage:
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: At each of the seven sample sites, a 10.2-centimeter (cm) diameter push core was collected. Eight sediment push cores were collected, in total, with core lengths varying between 45.5 and 70 cm. Accurate position and elevation data were obtained at all sampling locations with an Ashtech Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) receiver and antenna with occupation times of 30 minutes. The accuracy of both horizontal position and elevation were improved by post-processing the DGPS data using a local benchmark, which was occupied throughout the course of each field activity by a similar DGPS system. At a local field station, the cores were sectioned at 1-cm intervals to a depth of 50 cm, below 50 cm the core was sectioned at 2-cm intervals to the base of the core. The subsections were placed in individual storage bags, and stored on ice. The sectioned core samples were transported to the USGS SPCMSC.
      Process_Date: 2012
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Organization_Primary:
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
            Contact_Person: Marci E. Marot
          Contact_Position: Geologist
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: Mailing and physical
            Address: 600 4th Street South
            City: St. Petersburg
            State_or_Province: FL
            Postal_Code: 33701
            Country: U.S.
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: mmarot@usgs.gov
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: In the laboratory, samples were homogenized in the sample bag and a subsample of each 1 or 2 cm interval was processed for basic sediment characteristics (dry bulk density and porosity). Water content, porosity and dry bulk density were determined using water mass lost during drying. Thirty ml of each wet subsample was packed into a graduated syringe with 0.5 ml resolution. The wet sediment was then extracted into a pre-weighed aluminum tray and the weight of the wet sediment was recorded. The wet sediment and tray were placed in a drying oven for approximately 48 hours at 60 degrees Celsius (°C). Water content was determined as the mass of water (in other words, mass lost when dried) relative to the initial wet mass. Salt-mass contributions were removed from the porosity values under the assumption that pore water salinity was equivalent to an average salinity of 25. Porosity and dry bulk density were calculated from the reported equations in the document.  
      Process_Date: 2012
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Organization_Primary:
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
            Contact_Person: Marci E. Marot
          Contact_Position: Geologist
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: Mailing and physical
            Address: 600 4th Street South
            City: St. Petersburg
            State_or_Province: FL
            Postal_Code: 33701
            Country: U.S.
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: mmarot@usgs.gov
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Organic matter content was determined using a similar mass loss technique, commonly referred to as loss on ignition. The dry sediment from the processing described above was homogenized using a porcelain mortar and pestle. Approximately 5 g of the dry sediment was placed into a pre-weighed porcelain crucible. The mass of the dried sediment was recorded with an analytical balance to a precision of 0.01 g. The samples were then placed into a laboratory muffle furnace with stabilizing temperature control. The furnace was ramped to 450 °C over a 30 minute interval and then held at 450 °C for 6 hours. The furnace temperature was then lowered to 60 °C and held at this temperature until the sediments could be reweighed. The latter step prevents the absorption of moisture, which can affect the measurement. Samples were reweighed using the same balance and to a precision of 0.01 g. The mass lost during the 6-hour baking period relative to the initial dry mass is used as a metric of organic matter content.   
      Process_Date: 2012
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Organization_Primary:
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
            Contact_Person: Marci E. Marot
          Contact_Position: Geologist
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: Mailing and physical
            Address: 600 4th Street South
            City: St. Petersburg
            State_or_Province: FL
            Postal_Code: 33701
            Country: U.S.
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: mmarot@usgs.gov
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: Physical_Parameter_Data.xlsx
      Entity_Type_Definition: Physical lithological parameter results of sediment push cores collected on the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana.
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Core ID
      Attribute_Definition: Marsh sediment core site number
      Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Core site identification number assigned by USGS scientist
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Depth (cm)
      Attribute_Definition: Sample interval depth measured from top of the core (cm)
      Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 70
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Water Content (g-water/g-wet)
      Attribute_Definition: The ratio of mass of water to the mass of wet sediment in the individual sample interval, measured in grams of water per grams of wet sediment
      Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.17
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.74
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Dry Bulk Density (g/cm^3)
      Attribute_Definition: Dry bulk density of the sediment measured in grams per cubic centimeter.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.27
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.03
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Porosity
      Attribute_Definition: Porosity in each sample interval measured in cubic centimeter of void space per cubic centimeter of wet sediment.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.33
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.88
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Loss On Ignition (g-OM/g-dry)
      Attribute_Definition: The ratio of the mass of organic matter combusted at 450 degrees Celsius to the pre-combusted mass of dry sediment measured in grams of organic matter to grams of dry sediment.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.002
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.25
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
        Contact_Person: Marci E. Marot
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: Mailing and physical
        Address: 600 4th Street South
        City: St. Petersburg
        State_or_Province: FL
        Postal_Code: 33701
        Country: U.S.
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 502-8000
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: mmarot@usgs.gov
  Resource_Description: Downloadable data
  Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The USGS or U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: Microsoft Excel 
        Format_Version_Number: 2010
        Transfer_Size: 0.055
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1045/downloads/Physical_Parameter_Data.xlsx
    Fees: none
  Technical_Prerequisites: The spreadsheets included in this workbook were created for use with Microsoft Excel 2010.  They may also be viewed with the Microsoft Excel viewer or by downloading a Microsoft Compatibility Pack to view with older versions of Microsoft Excel.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20170315
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
        Contact_Person: Marci E. Marot
      Contact_Position: Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: Mailing and physical
        Address: 600 4th Street South
        City: St. Petersburg
        State_or_Province: FL
        Postal_Code: 33701
        Country: U.S.
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: mmarot@usgs.gov
  Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be referenced as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data.
  Metadata_Security_Information:
    Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None
    Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified
    Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None