Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), College of William and Mary Publication_Date: 1981 Title: VASEDS, 1981 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data Online_Linkage: http://www.chesapeakebay.net/data/historicaldb/sedimentsmain.htm Online_Linkage: ftp://ftp.chesapeakebay.net/Historical/Sediment/vased_sum.txt Description: Abstract: The distribution of the physical properties; patterns of deposition and rates of accumulation of sediments provide an integrating framework for investigations of the concentration and distribution of toxic substances. Over 2;000 grab samples of surface-sediment (1.4 km grid) reveal that the bottom of the Virginia portion of Chesapeake Bay is significantly sandier than hitherto reported. About 65% of the area is sand. The number of samples in this study is an order of magnitude greater (2;000 versus 200) than previous studies allowing a significantly better delineation of sedimentary characteristics. Distribution of sediment size is; in large part; a function of geomorphology; there being an apparently good correlation between depth and sediment type; the finer grained sediments are usually confined to the deeper channels. The exceptions to the depth:size relationship are the presence of grained sedimentation fines in the shallow; marginal embayments such as Mobjack Bay and the absence of fines in the deep channel in the southeastern section of the Bay. The occurence of sands here is a function of infilling with sands from the area of the Bay mouth and; perhaps; of scour into older (Pliocene) materials. Sediment distribution also reflects the local source with the shallow-water; marginal sands derived from erosion of the banks and relict features. Several large geomorphic features are distinguishable on the maps of sediment characteristics. These features include the deep channels; a large sand-shield near Tangier Island; relict spits; and the zone of influence of the Bay mouth. Nine hundred samples; selected to avoid the coarser sands; were analyzed for total carbon; organic carbon; and sulfur contents. There are strong correlations between these characteristics and sediment type; especially weight-percent clay. Additionally; there is a good relationship between the organic carbon and sulfur contents. Although total carbon content reached 10% in some samples; the average was 1.5%. Average organic carbon and sulfur contents were 1.0 and 0.34%. Comparisons of the bathymetry on charts from the 1850's and 1950's were used to delineate the patterns and volumes of cut and fill in the Virginia portion of the Chesapeake Bay. The comparisons were adjusted for relative sea level change and monthly variations in mean tide level. In addition; propagation of the error was evaluated and the results applied. Coupled with the data concerning the character of the surface sediments and adjusted for water content; the volumes of sediment shown by the bathymetric changes to have been deposited were converted to the masses of sand; silt; and clay deposited in a 100-year period. The patterns of deposition and erosion; particularly when coupled with grain-size information; provide very important insights into the sedimentation processes within the Bay. The main Bay-axial channel from Maryland and the transition to the Virginia basin are the principal deposition sites for clay. Silt-sized materials are somewhat more uniformly distributed throughout the stem; however; about 33% of silt accumulates in the transition region; an area of relatively low tidal-current energy. The Bay mouth may be the principal source of silt. The pattern of deposition of sand suggests that the Bay mouth source is very significant as very fine sands penetrate much further into the Bay than has heretofore been suspected. The patterns are consistent with present understanding of circulation within the Bay. The project includes an attempt at constructing a sediment budget using published values for silt and clay estuarine advection and contributions from shore erosion measured against the bottom residual accumulations. The residual accumulation of silt and clay is an order of magnitude larger than previously estimated. No previous work has considered the sand budget but the general assumption has been that the contribution from shore erosion would be the principal source. This study indicates the residue bottom accumulation of sand is greater than the shore erosion contribution by a factor of 40. It is evident that additional understanding of the flux of sediment through the Bay mouth and the mouths of the flanking tributaries is required. (http://www.chesapeakebay.net/data/historicaldb/sedimentsmain.htm) Purpose: To determine sediment distribution, physical properties, sedimentation budgets, and rates in the Virginia Portion of the Chesapeake Bay Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 197811 Ending_Date: 197906 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -76.490540 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.648560 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.956670 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.885530 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Theme_Keyword: analyses Theme_Keyword: grain size Theme_Keyword: United States Environmental Protection Agency Theme_Keyword: U.S. EPA Theme_Keyword: Virginia Institute of Marine Science Theme_Keyword: VIMS Theme_Keyword: College of William and Mary Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Place_Keyword: U.S. Atlantic East Coast Place_Keyword: Coast Place_Keyword: Mid-Atlantic Bight Place_Keyword: Mobjack Bay Place_Keyword: Pocomoke Sound Place_Keyword: York River Place_Keyword: Rappahannock River Place_Keyword: Tangier Sound Place_Keyword: Piankatank River Place_Keyword: Chesapeake Bay Place_Keyword: Viriginia Place_Keyword: North Atlantic Ocean Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: None Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Duane Wilding Contact_Organization: Environmental Protection Agency, Chesapeake Bay Program Contact_Position: PROJECT OFFICER (EPA Grant No. R806001010) Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 410 Severn Ave, Suite 109 City: Annapolis State_or_Province: MD Postal_Code: 21403 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-800-YOUR-BAY Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: vaseds.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Image map showing extent and distribution of this data layer coverage Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Data_Set_Credit: Please review the cross reference information for the original data set credit to Byrne, et al, 1981. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 8.3.0.800 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Robert J. Byrne Originator: Carl H. Hobbs, III Originator: Michael J. Carron Publication_Date: 1981 Title: Baseline Sediment Studies to Determine Distribution, Physical Properties, Sedimentation Budgets, and Rates in the Virginia Portion of the Chesapeake Bay, Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Gloucester Point, VA Publisher: Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), College of William and Mary Online_Linkage: http://www.chesapeakebay.net/data/historicaldb/sedimentsmain.htm Online_Linkage: ftp://ftp.chesapeakebay.net/Historical/Sediment/vased_sum.txt Data_Quality_Information: Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Significant figures were reduced to 5 for location and to 2 for texture classes, grainsize bins, and statistics. Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jane Reid Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 400 Natural Bridges Drive City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 427-4727 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (831) 427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jareid@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Values > 998 in statistics and ACU and CMP fields were removed, assuming they were null values. Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jane Reid Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 400 Natural Bridges Drive City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 427-4727 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (831) 427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jareid@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: 2nd moment measure was determined to be variance (not standard deviation) by comparing values to Folk Inclusive Graphic Standard Deviation. Variance values were converted to standard deviation (square root). Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jane Reid Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 400 Natural Bridges Drive City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 427-4727 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (831) 427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jareid@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Digital data were hand formatted into dbSEABED data entry structure, then filtered and data-mined through dbSEABED software (version: db9_MNEs.bas) Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jane Reid Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 400 Natural Bridges Drive City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 427-4727 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (831) 427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jareid@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 2161 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000000 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000000 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927 Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866 Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.400000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.978698 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: vaseds Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: LATITUDE Attribute_Definition: Latitude of coordinate description Attribute_Definition_Source: Source report Attribute: Attribute_Label: LONGITUDE Attribute_Definition: Longitude of coordinate description Attribute_Definition_Source: Source report Attribute: Attribute_Label: SITENAME Attribute_Definition: Survey or laboratory code for site Attribute_Definition_Source: Data compiler Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Two organic contents were given: TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON CONTENT (WT %.) and TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON (WT %.). Sulfur is TOTAL REDUCED SULFUR CONTENT (WT %.). Water content was put into wet water weight field (ACU; field 9) and water weights of zero ('0') removed as unlikely; all occurrences were at the end of the data set. There were many implausible MM3 (skewness) and MM4 (kurtosis) values >6. These were left as is. Eight analyses suspect as GSSC values don't match the GRZ bins The following fields were entered into the Acoustic Properties, Texture, Sediment Composition and Grain Size themes in dbSEABED: STATION ID CODE SiteName:Latitude [deg] #:Longitude [deg] #:::::Sampling Device::::::Province:Operator / Collector FGRSTD (FOLKS GRAPHIC STANDARD DEVIATION):FGRSKEW (FOLKS GRAPHIC SKEWNESS):SSK (unspecified SKEWNESS):XKK (unspecified KURTOSIS):MM+STD: STANDARD DEVIATION (2ND MOMENT MEASURE) (actually variance) Gravel [%] #:Sand [%] #:Silt [%] #:Clay [%] #::Median Grainsize [phi] #:MOMENT Mean Grainsize [phi] #:MOMENT Standard Deviation [phi] #::::::FOLK Inclusive Graphic Skewness [phi] #:FOLK Graphic (%5;%25;%75;%95) Kurtosis [phi] #:::Mode/s (phiM1 [%] ...) *::::::::::::::::::::::FOLK Inclusive Graphic (%16;%84;%95;%5) Std Dev [phi] #::::::MOMENT Skewness [phi] #:MOMENT Kurtosis [phi] #::FOLK (%16;%84;%50) Graphic Mean [phi] # 'total organic carbon content' (wt%): Organic Carbon (TOC; %) #:::::::::::::::::::::::Sulphur [%] #: Water / Wet Weight [%] # CWP_0200:CWP_0175:CWP_0150:CWP_0125:CWP_0100:CWP_0075:CWP_0050:CWP_0025:CWP0000:CWP0025:CWP0050:CWP0075:CWP0100:CWP0125:CWP0150::CWP0175:CWP0200:CWP0225:CWP0250:CWP0275:CWP0300:CWP0325:CWP0350:CWP0375:CWP0400:CWP0450:CWP0475:CWP0500:CWP0600:CWP0700::CWP0800:CWP0900:CWP1000:CWP1100: Distribution_Information: Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: Although this data set has been used by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Transfer_Size: 0.186 Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20050525 Metadata_Review_Date: 20050504 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jamey Reid Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: IT Specialist (Data Management) Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2204 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jreid@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: None Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile