Holocene stratigraphy and sedimentation on the northern California continental shelf

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Jeffry Calvert Borgeld

Publication_Date: 1985

Title:

Holocene stratigraphy and sedimentation on the northern California continental shelf

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Paper

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Seattle, WA

Publisher: University of Washington

Other_Citation_Details:

Textural class (%gravel, sand, silt, clay) data via personal communication from J. Borgeld to M. Zimmermann, 1996

Description:

Abstract:

"The northern California continental shelf can be subdivided into three shelf sections based on sediment characteristics: the Klamath River shelf, from Point St. George to Patricks Point; the Eel River shelf, from Patricks Point to Eel Canyon; and the shelf south of Eel Canyon. Three sediment types predominate on the shelf. The nearshore zone, to a depth of 55 to 65 meters, is covered by fine to very fine sands that are transported by waves. The mid-shelf on the Klamath River shelf is covered by clayey silts or silty clays that accumulate from the Klamath River suspended load. The outer shelf is covered by palimpsest silty sand. On the Eel River shelf, the mid- and outer- shelf is covered by clayey silts or silty clays that accumulate from the Eel River suspended load. On the shelf south of Eel Canyon, muds occur ponded between outcrops of underlying rocks. The clayey silts or silty clays began to accumulate during the Holocene transgression, approximately 10,000 to 12,000 BP. The base of this mud facies is time transgressive; the outer shelf portions began to accumulate prior to the mid-shelf portions. Below the mud facies, late-Quaternary units lie above an unconformity, separating the late-Quaternary units from pre-Quaternary units that make up the shelf platform. These late-Quaternary units crop out on the outer Klamath River shelf where they consist of palimpsest silty sands. The boundary between the Holocene mud facies and the nearshore sand facies is characterized by alternating layers of mud and silty sands. The alternations were produced by a migrating facies boundary due to changes in incoming waves. The facies boundary migrated between at least 46 and 71 meters waters depth during the Holocene. Flood-produced strata are preserved in the Holocene mud facies in the vicinity of the Eel River mouth. These flood-produced strata are composed of brown very fine sands and coarse silts, and contain layers of wood fragments. These flood-produced deposits are restricted to the shelf directly offshore of the Eel River mouth and slightly northward. These deposits were created during the December, 1964, flooding of the Eel River."

Purpose:

"This treatise represents a contribution to the understanding and characterization of shelf deposits and shelf processes. In particular, the evaluation of flood related stratigraphy on a modern shelf which is presently accumulating sediment."

Supplemental_Information: Data digitized for inclusion into usSEABED.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 1972

Ending_Date: 1979

Currentness_Reference: Publication date

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -124.6100

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -124.0883

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.7683

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.4333

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Theme_Keyword: University of Washington, Seattle

Theme_Keyword: Shipek grab

Theme_Keyword: Gravity core

Theme_Keyword: Smith-McIntyre grab

Theme_Keyword: Sediment dredge

Theme_Keyword: Box core

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category

Theme_Keyword: Oceans and Estuaries

Theme_Keyword: Location

Theme_Keyword: GeoscientificInformation

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:

NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keyword. Version 5.3.3

Theme_Keyword: Marine Sediments

Theme_Keyword: Sediment Composition

Theme_Keyword: Sedimentary Textures

Theme_Keyword: Terrigenous Sediments

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System

Place_Keyword: California

Place_Keyword: Humboldt Bay

Place_Keyword: Mendocino, Cape

Place_Keyword: Eel River

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Place_Keyword: offshore Humboldt Bay

Place_Keyword: Point St. George

Temporal:

Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geologic

Temporal_Keyword: late Quaternary

Temporal_Keyword: Holocene

Access_Constraints:

None. Thesis is available at the USGS Library and other libraries.

Use_Constraints:

Cite Jeff Borgeld and the University of Washington as originators of the data.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Jeff Borgeld

Contact_Organization: Now at Humboldt State University

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Physical

Address: Department of Oceanography

Address: 1 Harpst Street

City: Arcata

State_or_Province: CA

Postal_Code: 95521-8299

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (707) 826-3328

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (707) 826-4145

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdb2@humboldt.edu

Browse_Graphic:

Browse_Graphic_File_Name: Borgeld_PhD_85

Browse_Graphic_File_Description:

Sample distribution with coastline and bathymetry for reference.

Browse_Graphic_File_Type: .jpg

Data_Set_Credit:

Jeffry Calvert Borgeld at the University of Washington for the collection and analysis of data. For inclusion into usSEABED: digitization: Halimeda Kilbourne (USGS) and Mark Zimmermann (NOAA) Formatting corrections: Jane Reid (USGS) and Chris Jenkins (University of Colorado).

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Tkme: Another editor for formal metadata by Peter N. Schweitzer (U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA 22092), version 2.9.13, Microsoft Windows Version 5.1; Microsoft Word 2000 9.0

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

No estimate made for the accuracy of the data in the original report. Data digitized by the USGS and partners were visually compared to the source data, and corrected. Where appropriate, data were tested for completeness using MS Excel. Locations checked using GIS.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Tests were performed on the textural class values to ensure completeness.

Completeness_Report: All data were digitized, except river samples.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Navigation method unknown; no assessment made for location accuracy.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Depth determination method unknown; no assessment made for accuracy.

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Bottom sediment samples were treated with a 30 percent hydrogen peroxide, to oxidize organic matter, and then analyzed using standard sieve (Whitby, 1958; American Society for Testing Materials, 1963); W.S. Tyler Col., 1967) and pipette (Rolfe et al., 1960; Galehouse, 1971) techniques. The pipette analyses were carried out using 1.0 gram per liter sodium hexametaphosphate as a dispersing agents. The sand sizes were dry sieved to 1/4 phi intervals, the silt sizes were pipetted to 1/2 phi intervals, and the clay sizes were pipetted to full phi intervals. Material smaller than 11 phi was collectively grouped and termed 12 phi. Density separations of the sand-sized fractions of samples collected from the shelf during August 1979 and from northern California rivers during September 1979 were performed using standard centrifuge techniques (Rittenhouse and Bertholf, Jr., 1942; Browning, 1961; Carver, 1971). Three density splits, the light minerals (densities less than 2.96 g/cm3), the light heavy minerals (densities between 2.96 and 3.32 g/cm3) and heavy heavy minerals (densities greater than 3.32 g/cm3) were separated using tetrabromoethane (density 2.96 g/cm3) and diiodomethane (density, 3.32 g/cm3). From Jeff Borgeld's email to Mark Zimmermann, 6/17/96: "The samples were sieved to 1/4 phi in the sands and pipetted for the silts and clays. I have individual sample sheets to that level, but no complete summary other than what is included [here]."

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: American Society for Testing Materials, 1963

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Browning, 1961

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Carver, 1971

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Galehouse, 1971

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Rolfe et al., 1960

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Rittenhouse and Bertholf, Jr., 1942

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: W.S. Tyler Col.,1967

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Whitby,1958

Process_Date: Unknown

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Borgeld_PhD_1985

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Jeff Borgeld

Contact_Organization: Now at Humboldt State University

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Physical

Address: Department of Oceanography

Address: 1 Harpst Street

City: Arcata

State_or_Province: CA

Postal_Code: 95521-8299

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (707) 826-3328

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (707) 826-4145

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdb2@humboldt.edu

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector

Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:

SDTS_Terms_Description:

SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point

Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 107

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution: 0.0001

Longitude_Resolution: 0.0001

Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: Point

Entity_Type_Definition: SDTS point

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Source report

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Sample number

Attribute_Definition: Sample number

Attribute_Definition_Source: University of Washington

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Alpha numeric code based on cruise identification and sample number.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Cruise number

Attribute_Definition: Cruise identification

Attribute_Definition_Source: Source report

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: TT141

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: R/V Thomas G. Thompson, August 1979

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Source report

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: TO

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: R/V Catalyst, January 1973 to January 1977

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Source report

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: K

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: R/V Catalyst, March 1972 to October 1973

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Source report

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: ER

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: R/V Catalyst, June 1973

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Source report

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: HSU

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: R/V Catalyst, October 1976

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Source report

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Sampler

Attribute_Definition: Sampler type

Attribute_Definition_Source: Source report

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: SM

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Smith-MacIntyre grab sampler

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Source report

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: SH

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Shipek grab sampler

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Source report

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: SD

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sediment dredge

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Source report

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: GC

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Gravity core

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Source report

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Water depth

Attribute_Definition: Water depth

Attribute_Definition_Source: Source report

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 7

Range_Domain_Maximum: 187

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Mode

Attribute_Definition: Mode of grainsize distribution

Attribute_Definition_Source: Source report

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.8

Range_Domain_Maximum: 7.0

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Phi

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Median

Attribute_Definition: Median grainsize

Attribute_Definition_Source: Source report

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.65

Range_Domain_Maximum: 8.32

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Phi

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Mean

Attribute_Definition: Mean grainsize

Attribute_Definition_Source: Inman, 1952

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.66

Range_Domain_Maximum: 8.68

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Phi

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Sorting

Attribute_Definition: Standard deviation of grainsize

Attribute_Definition_Source: Inman, 1952

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.29

Range_Domain_Maximum: 3.31

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Phi

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Skewness

Attribute_Definition: Skewness of grainsize

Attribute_Definition_Source: Inman, 1952

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.41

Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.95

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Unitless

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Kurtosis

Attribute_Definition: Kurtosis of grainsize distribution

Attribute_Definition_Source: Inman, 1952

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.43

Range_Domain_Maximum: 4.82

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Unitless

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Light minerals

Attribute_Definition: Minerals with density < 2.96 g/cm3

Attribute_Definition_Source: Source report

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 89.69

Range_Domain_Maximum: 99.52

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Percent

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Light heavy minerals

Attribute_Definition: Minerals with density > 2.96 g/cm3 and < 3.32 g/cm3

Attribute_Definition_Source: Source report

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.33

Range_Domain_Maximum: 9.85

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Percent

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Heavy heavy minerals

Attribute_Definition: Minerals with density > 3.32 g/cm3

Attribute_Definition_Source: Source report

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.1

Range_Domain_Maximum: 4.86

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Percent

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Gravel

Attribute_Definition: Amount of gravel in sample

Attribute_Definition_Source: Wentworth 1938

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.66

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Percent

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Sand

Attribute_Definition: Amount of sand in sample

Attribute_Definition_Source: Wentworth 1938

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.32

Range_Domain_Maximum: 96.73

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Percent

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Silt

Attribute_Definition: Amount of silt in sample

Attribute_Definition_Source: Wentworth 1938

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.82

Range_Domain_Maximum: 84.52

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Percent

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Clay

Attribute_Definition: Amount of clay in sample

Attribute_Definition_Source: Wentworth, 1938

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.45

Range_Domain_Maximum: 41.2

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Percent

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: University of Washington

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mail

Address: P.O. Box 357940

Address: University of Washington

City: Seattle

State_or_Province: WA

Postal_Code: 98195

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 206-543-5060

Resource_Description: Borgeld_PhD_1985

Distribution_Liability:

Although this dataset has been used by the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data. Users of the data should be aware of limitations of the data due to possible imprecision due to navigational inaccuracies and limitations of the statistical data.

Standard_Order_Process:

Non-digital_Form:

Report is available at libraries and the University of Washington.

Fees: None

Technical_Prerequisites: None

Available_Time_Period:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 1985

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 2005

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Person: Jane A. Reid

Contact_Position: Geologist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Physical and mail

Address: 400 Natural Bridges Drive

City: Santa Cruz

State_or_Province: CA

Postal_Code: 95060

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4727

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jareid@usgs.gov

Contact_Instructions: Email preferred

Metadata_Standard_Name: CSDGM Version 2

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Access_Constraints: None

Metadata_Use_Constraints:

Metadata was written by a user of the data. Any information contained in the physical report is authoritative and supercedes any information given here.