COVERAGE LU30 -- High-Resolution Land Use and Land Cover 1937/1938 Front Range Infrastructure Resources Project Demonstration Area

Metadata:


Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Rocky Mountain Mapping Center Denver, CO
Publication_Date: 20010405
Title:
COVERAGE LU30 -- High-Resolution Land Use and Land Cover 1937/1938 Front Range Infrastructure Resources Project Demonstration Area
Edition: Version 1.0, April 5, 2001
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Downloadable GIS Data
Publication_Information:
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Rocky Mountain Mapping Center
Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/193/
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Rocky Mountain Mapping Center Denver, CO
Publication_Date: 20010405
Title:
Front Range Infrastructure Resources Project Demonstration Area
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital image
Series_Information:
Series_Name: High-Resolution Land Use and Land Cover
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Lakewood, CO
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Rocky Mountain Mapping Center
Online_Linkage: http://rockyweb.cr.usgs.gov/frontrange/datasets.htm
Description:
Abstract:
This land use and land cover (LULC) data set was generated for the Front Range Infrastructure Resources (FRIR) Project. The data set covers the project's 45 1:24,000-scale quadrangle demonstration area that covers the Front Range of Colorado south from Ft. Collins to the southern portion of Denver metropolitan area (not including Highlands Ranch, Douglas County); and west from Denver International Airport to the eastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains. For more information on this project, visit the Colorado Front Range Infrastructure Resources Project web site.
Purpose:
The demand for LULC data has increased recently, especially in rapidly growing metropolitan areas. Many state, regional, and local planning agencies require up-to-date land use and land cover information for various applications, including modeling urban growth, determining land suitability for future development, monitoring land use changes and impacts on the environment, understanding land use patterns, and developing policies that could encourage or discourage certain land use zoning. In response to these increasing demands, the USGS has created the Land Characterization Program. The purpose of this program is to interpret and monitor landscape change through the mapping of historical and contemporary LULC data. Critical to the success of the Land Characterization Program, is the accurate collection of temporal LULC data by the USGS.
Supplemental_Information:
Land Use and Land Cover Classification Modified Anderson Classification Category Definitions October 30, 1998 
			
Procedures involved in compiling the temporal LULC data include (1) obtaining historical aerial photographs, Digital Orthophoto Quadrangles (DOQ), and ancillary data for collecting, interpreting, and classifying the land surface features, (2) scanning, georeferencing, and mosaicking the historical aerial photographs, (3) compiling the LULC data by 1:24,000-scale USGS quadrangles using USGS-developed software, and (4) merging the 1:24,000-scale quadrangles into one seamless data set. For a more detailed description of the procedures involved in compiling the temporal LULC data for this project, visit Temporal Land Use And Land Cover Mapping

The data is digitally collected using USGS-developed Revision/Product Generation software (RevPG), on Silicon Graphics Windows NT computer systems. RevPG is a front-end to Arc/Info, a GIS developed by ESRI. The primary source materials used for this LULC time shot are scanned 1-meter resolution imagery files of existing USDA 1930s aerial photography. Ancillary sources, such as local road guides, USGS 1:24,000-scale topographic maps, and USDA and private existing stereo aerial photography (vintages late 1930s and late 1940s) were used to enhance the interpretation and classification of the land surface activity.

The LULC data was georeferenced to the 1997 imagery that was used as the reference for all time periods. The LULC classification schema follows a draft standard using a modified Anderson hierarchical classification system designed originally for the USGS Multi-Resolution Land Classification Program using Landsat TM. This hierarchical system was densified to levels 4 and 5 in order to collect land information at a 2.5 acre resolution. The draft classification system is described in the Supplemental Information section.

The USGS's FRIR project is a cooperative effort to provide qualitative and quantitative information about those natural resources (aggregate, energy, and water) needed by yet often precluded from use by growing urban area like the Denver metropolitan area. The objective of the project is to develop the scientific information about aggregate, energy, and water in such a way that decision makers can use this information to make land use planning decisions.
This data set is one of the four temporal time shots of the project's demonstration area. The four time periods include the 1930s, the 1950s, the 1970s, and the 1990s. These data sets will be used by the project scientists for multiple studies of the changing landscape of the Front Range and the impact on various resources. These data sets will also be used to model potential growth in the project's demonstration area.

1.0 WATER - area covered by water, snow, or ice with less than 25% vegetated or developed cover, unless specifically included in another category.

1.1 Open Water - all areas of open water with less than 25% vegetative or developed cover.

1.11 Stream/river - a natural body of flowing water. Includes streams and rivers that have been channelized in order to control flooding or erosion or to maintain flow for navigation.

1.12 Canal/ditch - a man-made open waterway constructed to transport water, to irrigate or drain land, to connect two or more bodies of water, or to serve as a waterway for water craft.

1.121 Lined canal/ditch - a canal or ditch lined with concrete or other impervious material preventing passage of water into underlying strata

1.122 Unlined canal/ditch - a canal or ditch constructed with dirt or other porous material allowing water to drain.

1.13 Lake/pond - a non-flowing, naturally-existing, body of water. Includes water impounded by natural occurrences and artificially regulated natural lakes. The delineation of a lake is based on the areal extent of water at the time the imagery was acquired.

1.14 Reservoir - any artificial body of water, unless specifically included in another category. It can lie in a natural basin or a man-constructed basin. The delineation of a reservoir is based on the areal extent of water at the time the imagery was acquired. (The water control structures are classified as Communications/Utilities.)

1.15 Bay/estuary - the inlets or arms of the sea that extend inland.

1.16 Sea/ocean - an area of the great body of salt water that covers much of the earth.

1.2 Perennial Ice/Snow - areas covered year-round with snow and ice.

1.21 Snowfield - permanent snow not underlain by a glacier.

1.22 Glacier - a body of ice and snow, showing evidence of past or present flow.

2.0 DEVELOPED - Areas of the earth which have been improved by man. Includes all "built-up" and urban areas of the landscape. Does NOT include mining lands, crop lands, or waste-disposal areas (dumps). This land use category takes precedence over a land cover category when the criteria for more than one category are met.

2.1 Residential - lands containing structures used for human habitation.

2.11 Single-family Residential - Lands used for housing residents in single-family dwelling units. Includes trailer parks, mobile home parks, and entire "farmsteads" when there is a home in the complex. ( If no home is in the complex, it should be classified as Agricultural Business.) Single-family residential buildings located within another category, such as military family housing, should be identified in this category.

2.12 Multi-family Residential - All lands devoted to housing more than one family on a permanent or semi-permanent basis, group living situations, and their associated grounds. Includes apartments, apartment complexes, duplexes, triplexes, attached row houses, condominiums, retirement homes, nursing homes, and residential hotels. Residential buildings located within another category, such as barracks and dormitories, should be identified in this category when possible, (except residential buildings within convents and monasteries - include these with Institutional).

2.2 Non-residential Developed - Any "developed" area or feature which is used for a purpose other than habitation.

2.21 Commercial/Light Industry - structures and associated grounds used for the sale of products and services, for business, or for light industrial activities. Includes all retail and wholesale operations. Include "industrial parks" and other features which cannot be clearly classified as either a retail service or light industry, such as heavy equipment yards, machinery repair, and junkyards.

2.211 Major Retail - This category includes shopping malls, retail "outlet centers", and "superstores" which draw clientele from a regional area. Major retail centers consist of extremely large single buildings or a complex of large buildings and their parking lots. Malls usually house one or two major department stores and numerous small retail stores. Includes outlet centers, "superstores", multi-plex movie theaters, and huge warehouse-type stores. The structures themselves are often several acres in size and have extensive parking lots.

2.212 Mixed/Minor Retail and Services - Includes individual stores and services of various sizes and associated grounds and parking. Includes neighborhood strip malls and shopping centers, veterinarian services, small movie theaters, gas stations and auto repair shops, garden centers, motels, small auto dealerships, public parking lots, lumber yards, art galleries, farm supply stores, flea-markets, bars and restaurants, grocery stores, and commercial "truck stops". Many small office buildings will have no features to distinguish them from retail stores and will fall in this category.

2.213 Office - structures and their associated grounds and parking, which provide financial, professional, administrative, and informational type services. Includes administrative government offices (e.g., IRS and State Motor Vehicles offices) trade schools, professional medical office complexes, research facilities/centers, and banks. Usually only office buildings in office complexes or in downtown areas will be distinguishable as offices. Small, single-story office buildings may blend in with minor retail.

2.214 Light industry - structures and their associated grounds and facilities which are used primarily to produce or process some finished product; or as a wholesale distribution center. Activities include design, assembly, finishing, packaging, warehousing or shipping of products rather than processing raw materials. The materials used in light industry have generally been processed at least once. They are generally "clean" industries which do not produce lots of waste materials. Use this category as a default for those facilities with semi-truck and trailer activity around loading docks, but that cannot be classified as either retail services or heavy industry. Includes electronic firms, clothing and furniture manufacture, grain elevators, printing plants, commercial bakeries, shipping and distribution centers, sand/gravel sorting facilities, secondary buildings associated with a mining or quarrying site, and generic warehouses.

2.22 Heavy Industry - structures and their associated grounds used for heavy fabrication, manufacturing and assembling parts which are, in themselves, large and heavy; or for processing raw materials such as iron ore, timber, and animal products. Accumulated raw materials are subject to treatment by mechanical, chemical, or heat processing to render them suitable for further processing, or to produce materials from which finished products are created. Heavy industries generally require large amounts of energy and raw materials and produce a significant amount of waste products. Indicators of heavy industry may be stockpiles of raw materials, energy producing sources and fuels, waste disposal areas and ponds, transportation facilities capable of handling heavy materials, smokestacks, furnaces, tanks, and extremely large buildings which are complex in outline and roof structure. Include associated waste piles and waste ponds. Heavy industry is usually located away from residential areas. Includes steel mills, paper mills, lumber mills, cotton gins, chemical plants, cement and brick plants, smelters, rock crushing machinery, and ore-processing facilities associated with mining.

2.221 Petro-chemical Refinery - structures and all associated equipment and grounds used for processing petro-chemicals. Include associated waste ponds.

2.23 Communications and Utilities - structures or facilities and associated grounds used for the generation and transfer of power and communications, the treatment or storage of drinking water, waste management, flood control, or the distribution and storage of gas and oil not associated with a unique feature. Includes pumping stations (oil, gas, or water), tank farms, power plants, electric substations, sewage treatment facilities and ponds, garbage collection facilities (not the final dumping ground - these are included in Bare), dams, levees, and spillways of appropriate dimensions, filtration plants, and heavy concentrations of antennas or satellite dishes; along with the related operational buildings.

2.24 Institutional - specialized government or private features which meet the educational, religious, medical, governmental, protective, and correctional needs of the public. Parking lots and associated grounds are included with these features. Includes public and private schools (not day care), state capitols, city halls, courthouses, libraries, churches, convents, monasteries, hospitals and training hospitals, post offices, police and fire departments, prisons, and military bases. Only the military-business areas of a military base are classified here; residential, airport, athletic fields, and vegetated areas are classified in the appropriate category.

2.241 Schools/Universities - public and private schools, seminaries, university campuses, and associated lands. Include the entire "core campus" area, along with athletic fields and vegetated areas. This category does not include day care centers or commercial trade schools, both of which are commercial uses.

2.242 Cemeteries - structures and lands devoted to burial of the dead. Includes mausoleums, service areas, and parking lots.

2.25 Agricultural Business - structures and all associated grounds used for raising plants or animals for food or fiber. Includes fish farms and hatcheries, feedlots, poultry farms, dairy farms, temporary shipping and holding pens, animal breeding or training facilities, and greenhouses. (Farmsteads including a dwelling are classified as residential, not Agricultural Business.)

2.251 Aquaculture site - a set of pools of water and related structures used for producing fish, shellfish, or aquatic plants.

2.252 Confined feeding operation - structures and associated pens, storage facilities, waste areas, and ponds which are used for raising meat and dairy cattle, hogs, poultry, or other animals. These features must have a relatively permanent and high animal population density. Temporary holding pens and thoroughbred horse farms usually do not qualify.

2.26 Transportation - Roads, railroads, airports, port facilities, and their associated lands. Roads and railroads include the right-of-way, interchanges, and median strips. Category includes railroad stations, railroad yards, bus stations, highway maintenance yards, school bus parking and service yards, and park-and-ride lots. Port facilities include loading and unloading facilities, docks, locks and, temporary storage areas. Associated warehousing and transfer stations for truck or rail are included only if they appear to be an integral part of the airport or port facility. Nearby but separate warehouses will be classified as light industry.

2.261 Airport - Includes the maintained active and overrun areas of the runways, landing strips, and taxiways, with the intervening land; along with the plane tie-down areas, terminals, hangers, related fuel storage facilities, service buildings, parking lots, navigation aids, and airport offices. Rental car lots integrated with the airport should be included with the airport.

2.27 Entertainment and Recreational - areas and structures used predominantly for athletic or artistic events, or for leisure activities, and all associated lands and developed parking areas. Includes outdoor amphitheaters, drive-in theaters, campgrounds, zoos, sports arenas (including indoor arenas), developed parks and playgrounds, community recreation centers, museums, amusement parks, public swimming pools, fairgrounds, and ski complexes (not the ski slopes). Marinas with over 25% of water surface covered by docks and boats are included here.

2.271 Golf Course - structures, associated grounds, driving ranges, and interspersed natural areas used for the game of golf.

2.272 Urban Parks - developed open space in urban settings used for outdoor recreation. Include grass fields and associated structures, parking lots, and facilities. Includes city parks, "green-belt" urban parks, and athletic fields not associated with a school. Does not include undeveloped "open space" on the periphery of urban areas or undeveloped regional, state, or national park areas.

2.3 Mixed Urban - developed areas which have such a mixture of residential and non- residential features where no single feature meets the minimum mapping unit specification. This category is used when more than one-third of the features in an area do not fit into a single category. Often applicable in the central, urban-core area of cities.

3.0 BARE - undeveloped areas of the earth not covered by water which exhibit less than 25% vegetative cover or less than 5% vegetative cover if in an arid area. The earth's surface may be composed of bare soil, rock, sand, gravel, salt deposits, or mud.

3.1 Transitional Bare - areas dynamically changing from one land cover/land use to another, often because of land use activities. Includes all construction areas, areas transitioning between forest and agricultural land, and urban renewal areas which are in a state of transition.

3.2 Quarries/Strip Mines/Gravel Pits - areas of extractive mining activities with significant surface disturbance. Vegetative cover and overburden are removed for the extraction of deposits such as coal, iron ore, limestone, copper, sand and gravel, or building and decorative stone. Current mining activity does not need to be identifiable. Inactive or unreclaimed mines and pits are included in this category until another land cover or land use has been established. Includes strip mines, open-pit mines, quarries, borrow pits, oil and gas drilling sites, and gravel pits with their associated structures, waste dumps, and stockpiles.

3.3 Bare Rock/Sand - includes bare bedrock, natural sand beaches, sand bars, deserts, desert pavement, scarps, talus, slides, lava, and glacial debris.

3.4 Flats - A level landform composed of unconsolidated sediments of mud, sand, gravel, or salt deposits. Includes coastal tidal flats and interior desert basin flats and playas.

3.5 Disposal - designated areas where refuse is dumped or exists, such as landfills, trash dumps, or hazardous-waste disposal sites. Reclaimed disposal areas or those covered with vegetation do not qualify.

4.0 VEGETATED - areas having generally 25% or more of the land or water with vegetation. Arid or semi-arid areas may have as little as 5% vegetation cover.

4.1 Woody Vegetation - land with at least 25% tree and (or) shrub canopy cover.

4.11 Forested - land where trees form at least 25% of the canopy cover.

4.111 Deciduous Forest - area dominated by trees where 75% or more of the canopy cover can be determined to be trees which loose all their leaves for a specific season of the year.

4.112 Evergreen Forest - area dominated by trees where 75% or more of the canopy cover can be determined to be trees which maintain their leaves all year.

4.113 Mixed Forest - areas dominated by trees where neither deciduous nor evergreen species represent more than 75% of the canopy cover.

4.12 Shrub land - areas where trees have less than 25% canopy cover and the existing vegetation is dominated by plants that have persistent woody stems, a relatively low growth habit, and which generally produce several basal shoots instead of a single shoot. Includes true shrubs, trees that are small or stunted because of environmental conditions, desert scrub, and chaparral. In the eastern US, include former cropland or pasture lands which are now covered by brush to the extent that they are no longer identifiable or usable as cropland or pasture. Clear-cut areas will exhibit a stage of shrub cover during the regrowth cycle. Some common species which would be classified as shrub land are mountain mahogany, sagebrush, and scrub oaks.

4.121 Deciduous Shrub land - areas where 75% or more of the land cover can be determined to be shrubs which loose all their leaves for a specific season of the year

4.122 Evergreen Shrub land - areas where 75% or more of the land cover can be determined to be shrubs which keep their leaves year round.

4.123 Mixed Shrub land - areas dominated by shrubs where neither deciduous nor evergreen species represent more than 75% of the land cover

4.124 Desert Scrub - land areas predominantly in arid and semi-arid portions of the southwestern U.S. Existing vegetation is sparse and often covers only 5-25% of the land. Example species include sagebrush, creosote, saltbush, greasewood, cactus.

4.13 Planted/Cultivated Woody (Orchards/Vineyards/Groves) - areas containing plantings of evenly spaced trees, shrubs, bushes, or other cultivated climbing plants usually supported and arranged evenly in rows. Includes orchards, groves, vineyards, cranberry bogs, berry vines, and hops. Includes tree plantations planted for the production of fruit, nuts, Christmas tree farms, and commercial tree nurseries. Exclude pine plantations and other lumber or pulp wood plantings which will be classified as Forest.

4.131 Irrigated Planted/Cultivated Woody - orchards, groves, or vineyards where a visible irrigation system is in place to supply water.

4.2 Herbaceous Vegetation - areas dominated by non-woody plants such as grasses, forbs, ferns and weeds, either native, naturalized, or planted. Trees must account for less than 25% canopy cover while herbaceous plants dominate all existing vegetation.

4.21 Natural Herbaceous - areas dominated by native or naturalized grasses, forbs, ferns and weeds. It can be managed, maintained, or improved for ecological purposes such as weed/brush control or soil erosion. Includes vegetated vacant lots and areas where it cannot be determined whether the vegetation was planted or cultivated such as in areas of dispersed grazing by feral or domesticated animals. Includes landscapes dominated by grass-like plants such as bunch grasses, palouse grass, palmetto prairie areas, and tundra vegetation, as well as true prairie grasses.

4.211 Natural Grasslands - natural areas dominated by true grasses. Includes undisturbed tall-grass and short-grass prairie in the Great Plains of the U.S.

4.22 Planted/Cultivated Herbaceous - areas of herbaceous vegetation planted and/or cultivated by humans for agronomic purposes in developed settings. The majority of vegetation in these areas is planted and/or maintained for the production of food, feed, fiber, pasture, or seed. Temporarily flooded are included in this category. Do not include harvested areas of naturally occurring plants such as wild rice and cattails.

4.221 Fallow/Bare Fields - areas within planted or cultivated regions that have been tilled or plowed and do not exhibit any visible vegetation cover.

4.222 Small Grains - areas used for the production of grain crops such as wheat, oats, barley, graham, and rice. Category is difficult to distinguish from cultivated grasses grown for hay and pasture. Indicators of small grains may be a less than 10% slope, annual plowing and seeding, distinctive field patterns and sizes, different timing of green-up and harvest, different harvesting practices, a very "even" texture and tone, or regional variations discovered during field checks.

4.2221 Irrigated Small Grains - areas used for the production of small grain crops where a visible irrigation system is in place to supply water including the flooding of entire fields. Category includes rice fields.

4.223 Row Crops - areas used for the production of crops or plants such as corn, soybeans, vegetables, tobacco, flowers and cotton. Fields which exhibit characteristics similar to row crops, but that do not have any other distinguishing features for a more specific category may be included.

4.2231 Irrigated Row Crops - areas used for the production of row crops where a visible irrigation system is in place to supply water.

4.224 Cultivated grasses - areas of herbaceous vegetation, including perennial grasses, legumes, or grass-legume mixtures that are planted by humans and used for erosion control, for seed or hay crops, for grazing animals, or for landscaping purposes

4.2241 Pasture/Hay - areas of cultivated perennial grasses and/or legumes (e.g., alfalfa) used for grazing livestock or for seed or hay crops. Pasture lands can have a wide range of cultivation levels. It can be managed by seeding, fertilizing, application of herbicides, plowing, mowing, or baling. Pasture land has often been cleared of trees and shrubs, is generally on steeper slopes than cropland, is intended to graze animals at a higher density than open rangeland, and is often fenced and divided into smaller parcels than rangeland or cropland. Hay fields may be more mottled than small grain fields as they are not plowed annually and may be harvested and baled two or three times a year in some locations.

4.22411 Irrigated Pasture/Hay - areas used as pasture or hay fields where a visible irrigation system is in place to supply water.

4.2242 Other planted grasses - areas of other cultivated grass such as turf and sod farms and grasses planted for erosion control.

4.22421 Irrigated other grasses - areas of other cultivated grasses where a visible irrigation system is in place to supply water.

4.225 Irrigated Planted Herbaceous - land which is growing some indistinguishable crop or grass, but is obviously irrigated.

4.3 Vegetated Wetland - areas where the water table is at, near, or above the land surface for a significant part of most years and indicative of this covers more than 25% of the land surface. Wetlands can include marshes, swamps situated on the shallow margins of bays, lakes, ponds, streams, or reservoirs; wet meadows or perched bogs in high mountain valleys, or seasonally wet or flooded low spots or basins. Do not include agricultural land which is flooded for cultivation purposes.

4.31 Woody Wetland - areas dominated by woody vegetation. Includes seasonally flooded bottom land, mangrove swamps, shrub swamps, and wooded swamps including those around bogs. Wooded swamps and southern flood plains contain primarily cypress, tupelo, oaks, and red maple. Central and northern flood plains are dominated by cottonwoods, ash, alder, and willow. Flood plains of the Southwest may be dominated by mesquite, saltcedar, seepwillow, and arrowweed. Northern bogs typically contain tamarack or larch, black spruce, and heath shrubs. Shrub swamp vegetation includes alder, willow, and buttonbush.

4.32 Emergent Herbaceous Wetlands - areas dominated by wetland herbaceous vegetation which is present for most of the growing season. Includes fresh-water, brackish-water, and salt-water marshes, tidal marshes, mountain meadows, wet prairies, and open bogs.

0.0 OUTSIDE OF MAPPED AREA
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 1938
Currentness_Reference:
Most of the imagery used in the interpretation of classes was taken during the summers of 1937/1938.
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None Planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -105.38109309
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -104.61999651
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.62496165
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.62438186
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Theme_Keyword: land use, land cover, high-resolution land use and land cover, LULC, Front Range Infrastructure Resources Project, Land Characterization Program, U.S. Geological Survey, USGS
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ArcIMS Metadata Server Theme Codes
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Theme_Keyword: economy
Theme_Keyword: environment
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Place_Keyword: Colorado, Denver metropolitan area, Colorado Front Range, Front Range
Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints:
This data was primarily collected from 1-meter resolution scanned imagery files of existing USDA 1930s aerial photography at a minimum mapping unit of 2.5 acres and should not be used for any larger scale purposes.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Rocky Mountain Mapping Center
Contact_Person: Carol Mladinich
Contact_Position: RMMC project lead for Front Range Infrastructure Resources Project
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address:
U.S. Geological Survey, Rocky Mountain Mapping Center, Denver Federal Center Bldg 810, P.O. Box 25046, MS 516
City: Lakewood
State_or_Province: Colorado
Postal_Code: 80225-0046
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-202-4313
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 303-202-4354
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: csmladinich@usgs.gov
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://certmapper.cr.usgs.gov/data/frip/graphic/lu30.jpg
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG
Data_Set_Credit:
The original collection work for this data set was by the High-Resolution Land Characterization team at Rocky Mountain Mapping Center.  The data was collected for government use and represent the results of data collection for a specific activity. USGS makes no representation as to the suitability or accuracy of the data for any other purpose and disclaims any liability for errors that the data may contain. As such, it is only valid for its intended use, content, time, and accuracy specifications. While there are no explicit constraints on the use of the data, please exercise appropriate and professional judgment in the use and interpretation of these data.
Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated for products derived from this data.
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
IRIX, 6.5, IP32 UNIX, ARC/INFO version 8.0.2, ArcView version 3.2
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: none
Publication_Date: 20010405
Title:
COVERAGE LU30 -- High-Resolution Land Use and Land Cover 1937/1938 Front Range Infrastructure Resources Project Demonstration Area
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital image
Series_Information:
Series_Name: none
Issue_Identification: none
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Lakewood, CO
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
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Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
The attribution for the data was verified for consistency throughout the demo project area. Check plots were used to compare attribution and spatial extent with the photography.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
Polygon and chain-node topology present. All areas contain one label point. All polygons are closed, with adjacent polygons having no identical attributes.
Completeness_Report:
A minimum mapping unit of 2.5 acres and a minimum polygon width of 125 feet was used to collect the data. Some ground features, if deemed mapworthy, are slightly exaggerated or generalized in area or width to meet the minimum size requirements. Some features too small to be collected may be collapsed into a single feature, e.g. small closely-spaced ponds.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
This data set was primarily collected using scanned 1-meter resolution imagery of existing USDA 1930s aerial photography.
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 2001
Title:
Image Derived Product (IDP)
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
Series_Information:
Series_Name: none
Issue_Identification: none
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Lakewood, Colorado
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000
Type_of_Source_Media: aerial photography
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 1937/1938
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Dates of imagery
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
(none)
Source_Contribution:
Imagery was used to manually interpret and classify all categories of land use and land cover.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
DOQ Generation - Scanned imagery files were processed with ERDAS Imagine software and the GCPWorks and OrthoEngine modules of PCI software.
Process_Date: 2000
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Interpretation/Compilation - Features were visually identified, interpreted, and classified according to the LULC classification system described in the Supplemental Information section. Data was digitally collected using RevPG, a software package written by USGS as a front-end to Arc/Info for the collection and revision of 1:24,000-scale DLGs and the production of 1:24,000-scale topographic maps. The data is interpreted and compiled in blocks of 1:24,000-scale quadrangles. Once completed the data is edge-matched and paneled together into the seamless demonstration area unit. The features are interpreted at the lowest hierarchical layer discernable. E.G. - If the compiler can't distinguish between single-family and multi-family residential, the feature is left at residential.
Process_Date: 2001
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Re-attribution - The LULC data is compiled with numeric codes similar to DLG-3 codes (Major/Minor code pairs) to describe the land classification. Those codes have been replaced for ease of use with text descriptions of each feature at each hierarchical level. For example, an agricultural land feature at Level 1 is Vegetated, at Level 2 is Herbaceous, at Level 3 is Planted/Cultivated, and at Level 4 is Irrigated Planted/Cultivated. The current draft version of the classification system breaks out to a Level 5 where needed. There is also an item called LULC which is the numeric version of the classification system. The same example is 4.225. An item called LULC_CODE expresses this number as a whole number rather than a decimal. See the Supplemental Information section for a complete description and coding of the attributes. There are two items with area values, AREA_HA is in hectares and the other AREA_AC is in acres.
Process_Date: 20010320
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Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 15659
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 35052
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: GT-polygon composed of chains
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 15660
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Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
UTM_Zone_Number: 13
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -105.0
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0
False_Easting: 500000.000000
False_Northing: 0.0
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 1.000014424324
Ordinate_Resolution: 1.000014424324
Planar_Distance_Units: Meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: GRS1980
Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.4
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.98
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
LU30.PAT:

COLUMN   ITEM NAME        WIDTH OUTPUT  TYPE N.DEC  ALTERNATE NAME
    1  AREA                   4    12     F      3
    5  PERIMETER              4    12     F      3
    9  LU30#                  4     5     B      -
   13  LU30-ID                4     5     B      -
   17  LEVEL1                40    40     C      -
   57  LEVEL2                40    40     C      -
   97  LEVEL3                40    40     C      -
  137  LEVEL4                40    40     C      -
  177  LEVEL5                40    40     C      -
  217  LULC                  16    16     N      8
  233  LULC_CODE              8     8     I      -
  241  AREA_HA                8     8     N      2
  249  AREA_AC                8     8     I      2

LU30.AAT:

COLUMN   ITEM NAME        WIDTH OUTPUT  TYPE N.DEC  ALTERNATE NAME
    1  FNODE#                 4     5     B      -
    5  TNODE#                 4     5     B      -
    9  LPOLY#                 4     5     B      -
   13  RPOLY#                 4     5     B      -
   17  LENGTH                 4    12     F      3
   21  LU30#                  4     5     B      -
   25  LU30-ID                4     5     B      -
   29  CAT                    2     2     I      -
   31  PIC                    3     3     I      -


LU30.NAT:

COLUMN   ITEM NAME        WIDTH OUTPUT  TYPE N.DEC  ALTERNATE NAME
    1  ARC#                   4     5     B      -
    5  LU30#                  4     5     B      -
    9  LU30-ID                4     5     B      -
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
Level1 - Text description of the LULC feature at a Level 1 designation. 
Level2 - Text description of the LULC feature at a Level 2 designation. 
Level3 - Text description of the LULC feature at a Level 3 designation. 
Level4 - Text description of the LULC feature at a Level 4 designation. 
Level5 - Text description of the LULC feature at a Level 5 designation. 
See the Supplemental Information section for the definitions of these categories. 
Lulc - Numeric description of the LULC feature. 
Lulc_code - Whole number description of the LULC feature. 
Area_ha - Area in hectares 
Area_ha - Area in acres

LU30.PAT 

0.0, 1.11, 1.12, 1.122, 1.13, 1.14, 2.1, 2.11, 2.12, 2.21, 2.211, 2.212, 2.213, 2.214, 2.22, 2.221, 2.23, 2.24, 2.241, 2.242, 2.25, 2.252, 2.26, 2.261, 2.27, 2.271, 2.272, 2.3, 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.5, 4.11, 4.12, 4.13, 4.131, 4.21, 4.22, 4.223, 4.2231, 4.2242, 4.225, 4.30, 4.31, 4.32
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Carol S. Mladinich
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address:
Rocky Mountain Mapping Center, Denver Federal Center Bldg. 810, P.O. Box 25046, MS 516
City: Lakewood
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80225-0046
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-202-4313
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: csmladinich@usgs.gov
Contact Instructions:
Contact via email
Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
Distribution_Liability:
Although these data have been used by the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the U.S. Geological Survey as to the accuracy of the data.
The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of this data, software, or related materials.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: ArcInfo Export File
Format_Information_Content:
Land use and land cover geographic features
Transfer_Size: 12 MB
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: http://certmapper.cr.usgs.gov/data/frip/spatial/export/lu30e.zip
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: Shapefile
Format_Information_Content:
Land use and land cover geographic features
Transfer_Size: 12 MB
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: http://certmapper.cr.usgs.gov/data/frip/spatial/shape/lu30.zip
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: Image Map Service (CO_FrontRange)
Format_Version_Number: 4.01
Format_Specification:
ArcIMS Image Map Service
Format_Information_Content:
A web-based interactive mapping system that accesses an ArcIMS Map Service running on certmapper.cr.usgs.gov.
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: http://certmapper.cr.usgs.gov/pubs/servlet/MapViewerBroker?project=frip&Service=CO_FrontRange&OVMap=CO_overview
Access_Instructions:
This URL links to a web-based interactive mapping system that accesses an ArcIMS Image Map Service that runs in Netscape 4.7, Internet Explorer 4.5 and higher. The mapservice can also be accessed using any custom client that adheres to the protocol specified through ArcXML.
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20010405
Metadata_Review_Date: 20050314
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Carol S. Mladinich
Contact_Position: Physical Scientist, Geographic Research
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address:
Rocky Mountain Mapping Center, Denver Federal Center Bldg. 810, P.O. Box 25046, MS 516
City: Lakewood
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80225-0046
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-202-4313
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 303-202-4354
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: csmladinich@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata ("CSDGM version 2")
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Access_Constraints: none
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