# tblLeachInfo

Leach_Method_Used:
HCL leach procedure of Winland et. al, 1991 (J. Environ. Qual., v. 20, p. 452-461)


Sample_Description:
fines underlying the thin quartz-muscovite schist layer, sieved to -10 mesh on site

XRD_Leach_Trace:
jarosite, possible kaolinite, possible clinochlore


Leach_For:
leach, GX, XRD, HS; HS split given to BEH

Sample_Description:
fines underlying rubble crop; all very red-orange from FeOx, identified as ferric iron by remote sensing; only the reddest soil zones were sampled, sieved to -10 mesh on site

XRD_Leach_Trace:
orthoclase, possible hematite, possible goethite


Sample_Description:
yellow-orange floc coating streambed, rocks, and mosses; samples are from stream where water emerges from under rock/talus cover; note that ochre is a few mm thick and overlies a cohesive red coating on the rocks; sampled with syringe to decant & settle


Sample_Description:
white floc from pH 5 side stream channel (~1 m above confluence with pH 3 main stream channel); sampled with spatula (vial) and syringe (tube); pH 4 (paper)

XRD_Leach:
quartz, muscovite, chlorite, jurbanite [Al(SO4)(OH)*5H2O]; no FeOx mineral apparent in XRD pattern; evaporate is gypsum and hexahydrite


Sample_Description:
orange floc; note that rocks along the stream edge are dry with a white coating

XRD_Leach:
quartz, muscovite, anorthite, chlorite; evaporate is gypsum, hexahydrite, and alunogen


Sample_Description:
salmon-colored precipitate (over white precipitate?)


XRD_Leach:
quartz, muscovite, chlorite, goethite; low pH but no discrete schwertmannite phase


Sample_Description:
yellow-orange precipitate below mixing zone; check for schwertmannite


Sample_Description:
overall white-colored disaggregated outcrop, sieved to -10 mesh on site

XRD_Leach_Trace:
clinochlore, orthoclase, montmorillonite, possible kaolinite, possible smectite


Sample_Description:
overall red colored disaggregated outcrop, sieved to -10 mesh on site

XRD_Leach_Trace:
orthoclase, clinochlore, jarosite, hematite, possible kaolinite


Sample_Description:
overall yellow-orange colored disaggregated outcrop of shaley schist, sieved to -10 mesh on site


Leach_For:
XRD, GX, mineralogy and evaporate water for salt ID

Sample_Description:
precipitate under liverwort at water sample site (04BF057); this is an ochre precipitate that forms the soil substrate for black and green liverwort with salts (sample 04JHBF25); seep water data: pH, 3; specific cond, 2290 uS/cm

XRD_Leach:
quartz, muscovite, chlorite, jarosite; evaporate is hexahydrite and alunogen


Sample_Description:
red pond proto-ferricrete along side of main channel


XRD_Leach:
amorphous hump ~ d=4.4 A; evaporate is gypsum and hexahydrite


Sample_Description:
buff-colored slime downstream, sampled to compare with whiter material at same location


Sample_Description:
laboratory blank, de-ionized water + 40 mL 5M HCl


# tblLeachWaterChemDataALK

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
blank, de-ionized water, leached, unfiltered or filtered @ 0.45 micron, refrigerated, not acidified


Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
leachate, unfiltered or filtered @ 0.45 micron, refrigerated, not acidified


# tblLeachWaterChemDataAnionsFU

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
blank, de-ionized water, leached, filtered @ 0.45 micron, refrigerated, not acidified


Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
leachate, filtered @ 0.45 micron, refrigerated, not acidified


# tblLeachWaterChemDataCationsFA

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
blank, deionized water, filtered @ 0.45 micron, acidified w/ HNO3


Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
leachate, filtered @ 0.45 micron, acidified w/ HNO3


Analytical_Note:
ICP-MW values deleted because of poor agreement (difference > 50%) between ICP-MW and ICP-EW values for the following elements: Al, Si


# tblLeachWaterChemDataHCL

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
Two minute HCl leach of washed, freeze dried, 200 mg split with 40 mL 5M HCl

Analytical_Note:
82% (165 mg) of 200 mg sample dissolved for analysis; analyses reported are for this percentage of sample


Analytical_Note:
68% (136 mg) of 200 mg sample dissolved for analysis; analyses reported are for this percentage of sample


Analytical_Note:
34% (68.2 mg) of 200 mg sample dissolved for analysis; analyses reported are for this percentage of sample


Analytical_Note:
9% (18.9 mg) of 200 mg sample dissolved for analysis; analyses reported are for this percentage of sample


Analytical_Note:
33% (65.9 mg) of 200 mg sample dissolved for analysis; analyses reported are for this percentage of sample


Analytical_Note:
Al by ICP-MS not recorded; 100% of 200 mg sample dissolved for analysis; analyses reported are for this percentage of sample


Analytical_Note:
Al by ICP-MS not recorded; 98% (197.4 mg) of 200 mg sample dissolved for analysis; analyses reported are for this percentage of sample


Analytical_Note:
13% (26.4 mg) of 200 mg sample dissolved for analysis; analyses reported are for this percentage of sample


Analytical_Note:
40% (79.3 mg) of 200 mg sample dissolved for analysis; analyses reported are for this percentage of sample


Analytical_Note:
23% (45.9 mg) of 200 mg sample dissolved for analysis; analyses reported are for this percentage of sample


Analytical_Note:
13% (25.9 mg) of 200 mg sample dissolved for analysis; analyses reported are for this percentage of sample


Analytical_Note:
62% (124.5 mg) of 200 mg sample dissolved for analysis; analyses reported are for this percentage of sample

Replaced_Data:
Lu by ICP-MS value of >3 replaced with 6.1111


QA/QC_Info:
laboratory blank, de-ionized water, acidified with HCl


# tblLeachWaterChemDataHG

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
blank, deionized water, filtered @ 0.45 micron, preserved w/ K2Cr2O7-HNO3, collected in glass bottles w/ Teflon lids


Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
leachate, filtered @ 0.45 micron, preserved w/ K2Cr2O7-HNO3, collected in glass bottles w/ Teflon lids


# tblPhotoInfo

Photo1_Description:
Sampling site, acid spring on the E side of Red Mountain saddle; pH 3.5, specific conductance 568 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Detail of sampling site with ferricrete.

Photo3_Description:
Detail of sampled white precipitate on colluvial cobbles in spring.

Photo4_Description:
Detail of FeOx and liverwort at sampling site.

Photo5_Description:
Looking N to PHB at sampling site and ridgeline climbing to Red Mountain.


Photo1_Description:
View to NE at PHB at sampling site in foreground and Red Mountain Creek beyond; acid spring on the E side of Red Mountain saddle; pH 3.4, specific conductance 1,000 μS/cm.

Photo3_Description:
Colluvial flow from site looking W towards saddle.  Flow also exhibits undulating waves, lobes, and so forth, like a rock glacier. It is likely ice cored.


Photo1_Description:
Sampling site, spring; note vegetation contrast from site 03BF002; spring pH 6.5, specific conductance 530 μS/cm.

Photo5_Description:
View to WNW across Red Mountain Creek to sites 03BF001, 002, and 003.  Note vegetation contrast.


Photo1_Description:
Sampling site, intermittent stream in draw on E side of Red Mountain Creek; pH 6.5, specific conductance 541 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Looking to SE upstream from sampling site.

Photo3_Description:
Looking NW downstream from sampling site to Red Mountain Creek and altered rocks of Red Mountain across valley.

Photo4_Description:
View to SE of sampled drainage from across valley.  Altered bedrock is minimal.


Photo1_Description:
View to SW of sampling site on Red Mountain Creek, just above alteration zone; pH 7.1, specific conductance 830 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
View to NE looking downstream from sampling site.  Upper end of alteration zone visible on left.


Photo1_Description:
View to W of PHB and MH collecting at sampling site, acid spring at base of E side of saddle; pH 3.3, specific conductance 1,270 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
MH at sampling site, note extensive black liverwort.

Photo5_Description:
Pyritic, altered metarhyolite bedrock at site with sampled salts on seams.


Photo1_Description:
Sampling site, Red Mountain Creek just within alteration zone; pH 6.4, specific conductance 862 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Looking upstream at PHB and sampling site with altered metarhyolite bedrock behind.

Photo3_Description:
Sampled salts weeping from folded, pyritic chlorite-muscovite schist. Adjacent to fault zone.

Photo6_Description:
Quartz calcite vein in alluvial cobble from above water level.

Photo8_Description:
Red Mountain Creek just downstream from sampling site.


Photo1_Description:
View to NE of sampling site; acid spring on the E side of Red Mountain Creek; pH 3.0, specific conductance 3,410 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
PHB and MH collecting sample at sampling site.

Photo3_Description:
Ferrous iron from site is off scale at > 10 ppm.

Photo4_Description:
Ferricrete-cemented alluvium and black liverwort at site.

Photo5_Description:
Detail of ferricrete with entrained organic material.

Photo6_Description:
Detail of ferricrete and black liverwort.

Photo8_Description:
Northerly view of mixing zone below site with sampled acidic spring on R flowing into aluminum-rich Red Mountain Creek on L.

Photo9_Description:
Mixing zone below site with sampled acidic spring on R flowing into aluminum-rich Red Mountain Creek on L.

Photo10_Description:
Detail of mixing of the acidic spring (above) with higher pH water of Red Mountain Creek (below).


Photo1_Description:
Sampling site, Red Mountain Creek with abundant aluminum floc; just downstream from exposed altered rocks; pH 4.6, specific conductance 1,200 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Looking to SW upstream from sampling site.

Photo3_Description:
Aluminum oxyhydroxide at site (sampled).


Photo1_Description:
MH at sampling site, upper Red Mountain Creek well above alteration zone; pH 6.6, specific conductance 651 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
MH collecting alkalinity data at sampling site.

Photo3_Description:
View from air looking SW at sampling site in unaltered rocks on upper Red Mountain Creek.


Photo1_Description:
Looking southerly at sampling site with PHB and MH, Red Mountain Creek just upstream from Fosters Creek; pH 4.8, specific conductance 1,280 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Alluvial quartz-calcite vein cobble with calcite completely gone (consumed by acidic stream water) leaving irregular vugs.

Photo3_Description:
Sampling site with aluminum floc settled in calm areas along stream edges.

Photo4_Description:
Turbid stream due to aluminum floc and sampled willow beyond.


Photo1_Description:
View to SW of sampling site, mouth of Fosters Creek; pH 4.8, specific conductance 1,280 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Detail of site with tan floc settled in calm edges of stream.

Photo3_Description:
Alluvial quartz-calcite vein cobble with calcite completely gone (consumed by acidic stream water) leaving irregular vugs.


Photo1_Description:
View to SW of MH collecting water at sampling site on upper Fosters Creek above alteration zone; pH 7.5, specific conductance 515 μS/cm.

Photo3_Description:
Calcite boudinage (former vein?) cutting foliated muscovite schist.

Photo4_Description:
Looking downstream to NE from sampling site to upper part of alteration zone on Fosters Creek.


Photo1_Description:
Sampling site, Fosters Creek just above confluence with Lago Creek; pH 7.8, specific conductance 825 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
View to SW of Fosters Creek, looking upstream from vicinity of sampling site.

Photo3_Description:
Well-developed stockwork in colluvial boulder from just upstream from sampling site.

Photo4_Description:
View from air looking SW onto Fosters Creek (R) and Lago Creek (L).  Note heavy white aluminum oxyhydroxide precipitation on Fosters Creek downstream from the confluence.


Photo1_Description:
Sampling site, acid spring in fracture zone at mouth of Lago Creek; pH 2.7, specific conductance 2,920 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
View to SW of sampled acid spring (lower R) with sampled overlying willow.

Photo3_Description:
Ferricrete and black liverwort just below spring.

Photo4_Description:
Detail of ferricrete-cemented alluvium just below sampling site.


Photo1_Description:
Sampling site, Lago Creek at mouth; pH 3.8, specific conductance 1,400 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Sampling site, Lago Creek, FeOx-cemented pool.  Ferricrete underlies and cements all alluvium.

Photo3_Description:
Southerly view up Lago Creek valley from site.  Red-orange scree on left slope is being shed from Red Mountain.


Photo1_Description:
Sampling site, Red Mountain Creek at mouth, with abundant aluminum floc settled in calm areas; pH 4.2, specific conductance 1,180 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Upstream view to S of turbid Red Mountain Creek from site.

Photo3_Description:
View to NW of turbid Red Mountain Creek flowing into Dry Creek.


Photo1_Description:
Westerly upstream view of sampling site in foreground, Dry Creek upstream from Red Mountain Creek; pH 7.5, specific conductance 587 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Easterly downstream view from sampling site, Dry Creek (L) mixing with Red Mountain Creek (R).

Photo3_Description:
Mixing zone of Red Mountain Creek (R) and Dry Creek (L), note FeOx staining on alluvium below.

Photo4_Description:
Outcrop about 0.1 mile upstream from site with sheared siliceous pyritic veins.


Photo1_Description:
View looking upstream to SW of sampling site, Dry Creek downstream from Red Mountain Creek; pH 7.1, specific conductance 577 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Downstream view to NE from sampling site.  Note FeOx staining on alluvium just above surface of stream.

Photo4_Description:
Detail of FeOx-stained stockwork in alluvium.


Photo1_Description:
Sampling site, upper Lago Creek, above alteration zone; pH 7.6, specific conductance 740 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
View to SSW to unaltered rocks up valley from site.  Note lack of FeOx-stained bedrock.

Photo3_Description:
View to NE down valley.  Altered rocks on lower slope of Red Mountain are visible on R.

Photo4_Description:
View to SE to unaltered rocks south of Red Mountain.

Photo5_Description:
MH and PHB processing water sample at site.  Red Mountain visible behind.


Photo1_Description:
View to E of sampling site in foreground and Red Mountain saddle behind, spring on W side of Red Mountain saddle; pH 4.4, specific conductance 918 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Sampling site with MH, PHB, CD-B, ChB, and CR.  Note black liverwort.

Photo3_Description:
View to S looking up valley with MH, PHB, CD-B, ChB, and CR at sampling site.  Note vegetation-free altered scree on L and tundra-covered unaltered rocks on R.

Photo4_Description:
Supergene vuggy silica float from scree pile shed from the W side of Red Mountain near site 05BF021.


Photo1_Description:
Sampling site, acid spring on W side of Red Mountain saddle; pH 2.5, specific conductance 2,520 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
MH, PHB, and CR collecting sample at sampled spring.

Photo4_Description:
View to NW downstream towards Lago Creek.

Photo5_Description:
Ferrous iron from site is off scale at > 10 ppm.

Photo6_Description:
View to E across Lago Creek to sites 03BFD021, 022, and 023.


Photo1_Description:
Sampled spring along Lago Creek near mouth, Red Mountain area; pH 2.5, specific conductance 3,100 μS/cm.  Reoccupation of sample site 03BF015.

Photo2_Description:
NF and JMH coring ferricrete at spring sampling site.

Photo3_Description:
LPG collecting notes on vegetation at site.


Photo1_Description:
Sampled seep spring, W side of saddle between Red Mountain Creek and Megan's Draw; pH 5.4, specific conductance 430 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Sampled white salt and black liverwort at site.

Photo3_Description:
Sampled white salt and black liverwort at site.

Photo4_Description:
View to WNW from site across Red Mountain Creek to Red Mountain.

Photo5_Description:
View to NW from site down Red Mountain Creek valley across to Dry Creek valley.


Photo1_Description:
Sampled disaggregated bedrock for leaching, W side of saddle between Red Mountain Creek and Megan's Draw.  View is to W with Red Mountain Creek in distance.


Photo1_Description:
View to NW of PHB at sampled spring, E side of saddle between Red Mountain Creek and Megan's Draw; pH 3, specific conductance 2,300 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Detail of sampled spring with abundant black liverwort.

Photo3_Description:
Detail of sampled spring with salts and moose footprint.

Photo4_Description:
Detail of sampled spring with moose footprint and lichen.

Photo5_Description:
View to NW of JMH, NF-A, and PHB at site from distance with ridgeline of altered bedrock behind.

Photo6_Description:
View to NW of JMH and NF-A at site from distance with ridgeline of altered bedrock behind.


Photo1_Description:
Sampled stream upstream from alteration zone, Megan's Draw; pH 7.4, specific conductance 370 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
View to NE looking downstream from site towards alteration zone, upper Megan's Draw.

Photo3_Description:
View to S looking upstream from sampled site, Megan's Draw.

Photo5_Description:
View to N from site to altered rocks along ridgeline.  PHB in foreground, JMH barely visible on R edge of photograph at site 04BF057.


Photo1_Description:
PHB at sampled spring within lower part of alteration zone in lower Megan's Draw; pH 3.3, specific conductance 2,200 μS/cm.

Photo3_Description:
View to N with PHB in foreground at sampled spring on R, JMH and NF-A in Megan's Draw below.

Photo4_Description:
Altered quartz-chlorite-muscovite schist outcrop immediately NE of sampled spring.

Photo5_Description:
LPG at altered quartz-chlorite-muscovite schist outcrop immediately NE of sampled spring.


Photo1_Description:
Northerly view of PHB and sampled stream just downstream of lowermost outcrop of altered bedrock, lower Megan's Draw; pH 3.3, specific conductance 1,900 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Detail of sampled stream in Megan's Draw.  Note intense FeOx staining.

Photo3_Description:
Detail collecting pH of sampled stream in Megan's Draw.


Photo1_Description:
LPG, JMH, PHB, and NF-A collecting various samples at sampling site; spring pH 3.3, specific conductance 1,400 μS/cm.  Reoccupation of sampling site 03BF006.


Photo1_Description:
Sampled spring along Red Mountain Creek; pH 3.2, specific conductance 4,800 μS/cm.  Reoccupation of sampling site 03BF008.

Photo2_Description:
PHB collecting water acidity data.  Note heavy ferricrete precipitation.

Photo3_Description:
LPG collecting soil sample adjacent to black liverwort.

Photo4_Description:
Mixing zone immediately downstream from sampling site; note iron (red) and aluminum (white) precipitates in mixing zone

Photo5_Description:
Mixing zone immediately downstream from sampling site; note iron (red) and aluminum (white) precipitates in mixing zone

Photo6_Description:
JMH collecting abundant aluminum floc settled in calm areas along Red Mountain Creek downstream from sampling site.

Photo7_Description:
Floating, frothy aluminum floc in calm areas along Red Mountain Creek downstream from sampling site.

Photo8_Description:
Floating, frothy aluminum floc in calm areas along Red Mountain Creek downstream from sampling site.


Photo1_Description:
Yellow-orange precipitate coating streambed along headwaters of Lago Creek.


Photo1_Description:
Mixing zone of pH 5 side stream coated with white precipitate (R) and  pH 3 main channel of Lago Creek (L).


Photo1_Description:
Pale orange precipitate downstream from mixing zone along Lago Creek.


Photo1_Description:
Gelatinous Al- and Fe-rich precipitate in evaporating side pool along Lago Creek.


Photo1_Description:
Buff-colored Al- and Fe-rich precipitate along Fosters Creek downstream from Lago Creek and all acidic inflows.


Photo1_Description:
Efflorescent sulfate salts (halotrichite group minerals) in saddle between Red Mountain Cr. and Megan's Draw; relative humidity meter reads 32.8 percent RH.

Photo2_Description:
Efflorescent salts under protected overhang in saddle between Red Mountain Cr. and Megan's Draw.


Photo1_Description:
Prominent "white zone" sampled for soil on saddle between Red Mountain Cr. and Megan's Draw.


Photo1_Description:
Prominent "red zone" sampled for soil on saddle between Red Mountain Cr. and Megan's Draw.


Photo1_Description:
Goslarite (zinc-sulfate) salts precipitating on vegetation at seep along Megan's Draw.


Photo1_Description:
White preciptate on rocks at confluence of seep and Megan's Draw.


Photo1_Description:
Efflorescent salts (pickeringite) on shaly metavolcanics in Red Mountain saddle.


Photo1_Description:
White salts along fractures on shaly metavolcanics in Red Mountain saddle.


Photo1_Description:
Thick white aluminum-rich precipitate along Red Mountain Creek (pH 5.5).


Photo1_Description:
Observation of white aluminum-rich precipitates downstream along lower Red Mountain Creek.


Photo1_Description:
Sampling site, acid spring on W side of Lago Creek; pH 2.4, specific conductance 3,080 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
PHB and CR collecting data at sample site.  Note abundant black liverwort.

Photo3_Description:
Mixing zone below sampled clear spring visible on L edge of photograph.  Black liverwort lines left bank.

Photo4_Description:
Spring just below sampling site.  Bright salmon-colored precipitate identified by XRD as dominantly schwertmannite.

Photo5_Description:
Same sampled spring, farther downslope, just before it merges with Lago Creek.

Photo6_Description:
Sampled spring (R) merging with Lago Creek (L).

Photo7_Description:
Sampled spring (R) with white aluminum precipitate, mixing with Lago Creek (L).

Photo8_Description:
Mouth of sampled spring (top) with Lago Creek (L).  White precipitate is aluminum oxyhydroxide.


Photo1_Description:
Sampling site, Fosters Creek below Lago Creek; pH 4.7, specific conductance 1,320 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
View upstream to SW, looking up Fosters Creek from sampling site.


Photo1_Description:
View to N of rock sampling site adjacent to blue back pack on W slope of Red Mountain.


Photo1_Description:
View to WSW at rock sampling site at Discovery zone.

Photo2_Description:
Discovery zone sulfides with abundant pyrite.

Photo3_Description:
Discovery zone sulfides with dissolution vugs.

Photo5_Description:
View to SW of Discovery zone (bright orange area in foreground).

Photo6_Description:
View to SW of Discovery zone (bright orange area upper left) and upper Fosters Creek on right.


Photo1_Description:
Sampling site, spring on E side of Fosters Creek below Discovery zone; pH 5.1, specific conductance 878 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Detail of FeOx and calcite on joint surface of metarhyolite scree immediately below Discovery zone.

Photo3_Description:
View to SW of mineralized rocks above sampled spring. Spring is just below rusty pyritic zone.  Fosters Creek in distance.


Photo1_Description:
Sampling site, acid spring on E side of Fosters Creek downstream from Lago Creek; pH 3.4, specific conductance 2,930 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
PHB and CR filtering water sample at site.

Photo5_Description:
Ferricrete at drill site.  Note drill-hole collar.

Photo6_Description:
Ferricrete at sampling site with abundant cemented organic debris.

Photo8_Description:
Salts on bedrock above acidic pool at site.


Photo1_Description:
Sampled spring along Lago Creek, Red Mountain area; pH 2.4, specific conductance 2,500 μS/cm.  Reoccupation of sampling site 03BF023.

Photo2_Description:
JEH collecting white aluminum precipitates on lower reach of spring.


Photo1_Description:
Sampled scree and underlying soil for leaching, Red Mountain area.  Reoccupation of sampling site 03BF027.


Photo1_Description:
Sampling site along Lago Creek, Red Mountain area; stream pH 4.8, specific conductance 990 μS/cm.

Photo2_Description:
Detailed of sampled turbid Lago Creek with iron floc.

Photo3_Description:
Possible soft-sediment deformation in carbonaceous metasediments (mapped as phyllitic ash tuff).


# tblPrecipitateChemData

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
mineral precipitate, hand ground to -100 mesh


# tblPrecipitateInfo

Sample_Description:
white thin precipitate on colluvial cobbles; precipitate begins 3 feet beyond where spring emerges; common as thin veneer on colluvium just above waters edge; see photo 03BF001-4.JPG

XRD_Minor:
halotrichite [(Fe+2Al2(SO4)4!22H2O)], pickeringite [(MgAl2(SO4)4!22H20)], kalinite [(KAl(SO4)2!11H2O)], melanterite [(Fe+2SO4!7H2O)]

XRD_Trace:
quartz, hexahydrite [(MgSO4!6H2O)], alunogen [Al2(SO4)3!17H2O]


Sample_Description:
composite white precipitate from sulfide seams/ joints in bedrock; see photo 03BF006-5.JPG

XRD_Minor:
hexahydrite [(MgSO4!6H2O)], alunogen [(Al2(SO4)3!17H2O)], pentahydrite [(MgSO4!5H2O)], pickeringite [(CaSO4!2H2O)],


Sample_Description:
abundant coarse white precipitate under overhang; see photos 03BF007-3, -4, and -5.JPG


Sample_Description:
tan precipitate, less abundant than the white precipitate; tends to underlie white precipitate, although could be the same; see photos 03BF007-3, -4, and -5.JPG

XRD_Trace:
muscovite [(KAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH,F)2)], kaolinite [(Al2Si2O5(OH)4)], albite [(NaAlSi3O8)], montmorillonite [(Na0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2!xH2O)], orthoclase [barian, ((K,Ba,Na)(Si,Al)4O8)]


Sample_Description:
ferricrete precipitate cementing/entraining alluvial sand and organic debris, heavy FeOx; see photos 03BF008-4, -5, -6, -7.JPG

XRD_Trace:
quartz, clinochlore [ferroan (Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8)], muscovite [(KAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH,F)2)], schwertmannite [(Fe16O16(SO4)3(OH)10!10H2O)]


Sample_Description:
white gelatinous Al-oxyhydroxide from pool next to stream; Al precipitate is under water; see photos 03BF009-1, -3.JPG


Sample_Description:
tan-orange gelatinous floc = Al or Fe-Al variant?

XRD_Trace:
muscovite [(KAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH,F)2)], clinochlore [ferroan (Mg,Fe)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8)]


Sample_Description:
Composite active ferricrete; leaves twigs and organic debris entrained in ferricrete; contains some alluvial pebbles, but I tried to avoid these; seems to cement the black-stained moss (actually a liverwort).

XRD_Trace:
ferrihydrite [(Fe5O7(OH)!4H2O)], schwertmannite [(Fe16O16(SO4)3(OH)10!10H2O)], quartz, jarosite [hydronium ((K,H3O)Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6)]


Sample_Description:
tan white gelatinous precipitate = Al oxyhydroxide?

XRD_Trace:
muscovite [(KAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH,F)2)], clinochlore [ferroan (Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8)], albite [(NaAlSi3O8)], orthoclase [barian, ((K,Ba,Na)(Si,Al)4O8)]


Sample_Description:
precipitate from along/within spring (see photo 03BF023-3); very bright orange precipitate that appears to form as result of mixing of sampled low pH water with higher pH spring derived from alluvium along Lago Creek

Other_Information:
this precipitate collected the next day (7/28) while passing by en route to "Discovery" zone


Sample_Description:
grab of white-tan precipitate under overhang of sampled quartz-mica schist

XRD_Trace:
jarosite [(KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6)], quartz, muscovite [(KAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH,F)2)]


Sample_Description:
possible jarosite on weathered surface of pyrite; see photos 03BF028-2, -3, and -4


Sample_Description:
composite precipitate white to tan needles under overhanging and boulders (in protected areas); sulfide rich boulders likely (probably pyrite); abundant precipitate at waters edge and along base of outcrop; see photos 03BF030-8 and -9

XRD_Trace:
jarosite [(KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6)], quartz, clinochlore [ferroan (Mg,Fe)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8)]


Sample_Description:
very thin white precipitate coating various cobbles and pebbles in wet black mossy area; difficult to collect because coating is so thin; see photo 04BF055-2

Other_Information:
sample given to JMH for XRD and other analyses


Sample_Description:
yellow coating on pyritic massive sulfide


Sample_Description:
white and pink coatings around cubic and hexagonal voids in vuggy, gray exhalite unit


Sample_Description:
evaporate from decant water from wet precipitate


Sample_Description:
layered precipitate with gold material on top


Other_Information:
SEM shows 25-micron-sized pentagonal plates with major Al, minor S, trace Fe, Ca, Mg


# tblReferences

Reference_Full:
Robert G. Eppinger, Paul H. Briggs, and Cynthia Dusel-Bacon, 2004, Environmental Geochemistry of an Undisturbed Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Deposit, Red Mountain, Bonnifield mining district, east-central Alaska, in Wanty, R.B., and Seal, R.R. II (editors), Water-Rock Interaction: A.A. Balkema Publishers, London, Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction, WRI-11, Saratoga Springs, New York June, 2004, p. 1483-1487.


Reference_Full:
Robert G. Eppinger, Paul H. Briggs, Cynthia Dusel-Bacon, Stuart A. Giles, and Bernard Hubbard, 2005, Environmental geochemistry at Red Mountain, an undisturbed volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit in the Bonnifield district, Alaska Range, east-central Alaska: 22nd International Geochemical Exploration Symposium, Abstracts with Program, Perth, September, 2005.


Reference_Full:
Robert G. Eppinger, Paul H. Briggs, Cynthia Dusel-Bacon, Stuart A. Giles, Larry P. Gough, Jane M. Hammarstrom, and Bernard E. Hubbard, 2006a, High metal and rare earth element contents in surface waters at Red Mountain, an unmined volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit in the Bonnifield mining district, Alaska Range, east-central Alaska: Geological Society of America Cordilleran Section Meeting, Abstracts with Program, Anchorage, May, 2006.


Reference_Full:
Robert G. Eppinger, Paul H. Briggs, Cynthia Dusel-Bacon, Stuart A. Giles, and Bernard Hubbard, 2006b, Environmental geochemistry at Red Mountain, an undisturbed volcanogenic massive sulphide deposit in the Bonnifield district, Alaska Range, east-central Alaska: Geochemistry, Exploration, Environment, Analysis, v. XX, p. YY.

Note:
Red Mountain principal reference, manuscript submitted to journal Nov. 2005


Reference_Full:
Giles, S.A., etc., 2006, Geochemical data for stream sediment, surface water, rock and vegetation samples from Red Mountain (Dry Creek), an unmined volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit in the Bonnifield district, Alaska Range, east-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series XX, yy p.


Reference_Full:
Gough, L.P., Eppinger, R.G., Briggs, P.H., and Giles, S.A., 2006, Biogeochemical characterization of an undisturbed highly acidic, metal-rich bryophyte habitat, east-central Alaska: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. XX, p. YY.

Note:
manuscript submitted to journal Nov. 2005


Reference_Full:
Grayd Resources Corporation, 1998, Progress Report for Bonnifield Project, Alaska, 1997 Exploration: Vancouver, B.C., Canada, 20 p., 15 figs., 2 tables, 13 appendices, and 10 plates.


Reference_Full:
Newberry, R.J., Crafford, T.C., Newkirk, S.R., Young, L.E., Nelson, S.W., and Duke, N.A., 1997, Volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits of Alaska, in Goldfarb, R.J. and Miller, L.D. (editors), Mineral deposits of Alaska: Economic Geology Monograph, 9, 120-150.


Reference_Full:
Smit, Hans, 1999, The Dry Creek VMS project, Bonnifield district, central Alaska: Pathways '99, Extended abstracts volume, British Columbia and Yukon Chamber of Mines, 17-18.


Reference_Full:
Szumigala, D.J., and Swainbank, R.C., 1998, Alaska's mineral industry 1998: Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Special Report, 53, 71 p.


# tblRock&LeachSolidChemData

Analytical_Note:
higher ICP-MS55 values over ICP-MS 42 likely due to more rigorous dissolution procedure for ICP-MS55


Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
solid phase of sample used for leaching, pulverized to -100 mesh


# tblRockInfo

Sample_Description:
acid-sulfate altered vuggy silica; supergene alteration


Sample_Description:
nice example of quartz stockwork; weakly mineralized (?); minor FeOx staining


Sample_Description:
black material in quartz vein (tourmaline or MnOx within the quartz?); XRD result was quartz


Sample_Description:
porphyritic chloritized meta igneous rock; possibly the "mottled metarhyolite" on Grayd Resources detailed geologic map;  minor content in alluvium


Sample_Description:
quartz-feldspar augen gneiss (see photograph 03BF005-3.jpg)


Sample_Description:
float of vuggy silica stockwork (?);  = leached outcrop; supergene alteration


Sample_Description:
vuggy silica stockwork; likely residual silica after supergene alteration


Sample_Description:
chips from outcrop; mineralized, FeOx-stained siliceous schist with fresh disseminated pyrite; from top of mapped massive sulfide layer; unit is called "gray/green phyllitic fine ash tuff" on Grayd Resources detailed geologic map; massive sulfide not observed; FeOx-rich quartz locally; shows relict quartz phenocrysts now stretched elongate; carbonate (siderite?) observed locally in quartz (= brown, effervesces when powdered)


Sample_Description:
green chloritic schist, with interbedded gray siliceous horizons having local disseminated pyrite cubes; heavily FeOx-stained; schist is cut across and along foliation by FeOx-rich white quartz veins up to  about 0.5 inches thick; no massive sulfide observed, just altered pyritic siliceous platy fissile schist; vein quartz contains trace disseminated sphalerite and galena, and more common pyrite (all seen with hand lens only)


Sample_Description:
small boulder containing 1 inch-thick horizon of densely disseminated fresh pyrite; vuggy; no other sulfides observed; very siliceous, but not white quartz


Sample_Description:
quartz muscovite schist, highly sheared;  pyritic with salts in protected areas; contains trace malachite blebs; white quartz veins along foliation with fresh pyrite; appears to be shot full of microscopic, weathered pyrite, now with green sulfosalt color; trace galena


Sample_Description:
rubble crop of dark gray very sulfide-rich (pyrite) ore from knob in Discovery Zone; juicy looking, but only pyrite observed; weathers to rich red-orange outcrop; very vuggy


Sample_Description:
red siliceous rock with round spheres having radiating crystals; looks similar to devitrified rhyolite with spherulites!; from deep red layer on edge of metarhyolite near transition to pyritic ore zone; forms boudin-like swells; spherulitic texture in hand lens and thin section

Additional_Note:
info from Cameron: "found in outcrop from deep red layer on edge of metarhyolite near transition to pyritic ore zone; forms boudin-like swells"; on return to site in 2004, we only found float


Sample_Description:
felsic, foliated metarhyolite from mottled metarhyolite zone on Grayd Resources detailed geologic map


Sample_Description:
composite of quartz-muscovite schist for BEH to ground truth remote sensing; remotely mapped this area as illite-muscovite; composite of 5 pieces from scree slope; the rock is very fissile and tends to break into thin muscovite-coated plates that lie flat on and cover the surface and are detectable by satellite


Sample_Description:
gray silica with disseminated pyrite. HS given to NA-F for T-section


# tblSampleMediaLog

Notes:
R given to CD-B; vegetation sample given to LPG


Notes:
re-sample of 03BF015 water; vegetation collected by LPG


Notes:
re-sample of 03BF006 water; R2 split given to NF-A


# tblSampleSiteInfo

Study:
Tintina Metallogenic Province (task: economic geology/environmental geochemistry of Bonnifield VMS deposit) & Modeling Near Surface Processes projects

Location_Info:
just East of and about 40 ft in elevation below saddle at Red Mountain deposit

Site_Description:
spring in heavily FeOx-stained colluvium; collected where water first emerges above ground

Deposit_Type:
volcanogenic massive sulfide (extensional environment, otherwise similar to Kuroko-type)

Weather:
partly cloudy, breezy; some rain about a week ago, but none in last several days

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
highly altered metarhyolite on Grayd Resources interpretive geologic map (unit "D" rhyolite-rhyodacite-dacite tuff), schistose

Princ_Reference:
Szumigala and Swainbank, 1998; Smit, 1999; Grayd Resources Corporation, 1998; Eppinger and others, 2006b?

Published_As:
Giles and others, 2006; Eppinger and others, 2004; Eppinger and others, 2005; Eppinger and others, 2006a; Eppinger and others, 2006b?

Other_Information:
nearly complete lack of vegetation because site is a natural vegetation kill zone; saddle is very good helicopter landing zone; spring is immediately downstream of massive sulfide layer shown on Grayd Resources detailed geologic map (massive sulfide identified by ground geophysics and drilling)


Location_Info:
on slope about 250 ft above Red Mountain Creek, near base of saddle at Red Mountain deposit; non-vegetated North side of depression below saddle

Site_Description:
intermitted stream flowing within active colluvium

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
heavily FeOx-stained altered metarhyolite; colluvium between here and site 03BF001 has quartz stockwork (see photos) and vuggy silica indicative of acid sulfate supergene alteration; mapped as Mystic Creek Member of Totatlanika Schist and T felsic and mafic intrusive rocks

Other_Information:
lack of vegetation partly due to fact that this drainage is filled with actively flowing colluvial material and scree; the abundant sericite and clay from altered rock are likely the matrix of colluvium and facilitates the slow, creeping  "colluvial flow" during spring break up


Location_Info:
on slope about 150 ft above Red Mountain Creek, near base of saddle at Red Mountain deposit; vegetated South side of depression below saddle

Site_Description:
background; intermittent stream in less-altered schist; grasses and small willow

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
adjacent to site (between this one and site 03BF002) is bedrock island of quartz-rich sheared schist; FeOx on joints, but not heavily stained; float shows excellent quartz stockwork; mapped as all Mystic Creek Member of Totatlanika Schist plus T felsic and mafic intrusive rocks

Other_Information:
site is immediately adjacent to alteration zone at Red Mountain deposit; abundant vegetation (grasses, willow, blueberries, cinquefoil, Alaska cotton, etc.)


Location_Info:
draw East of saddle at Red Mountain deposit, draining East side of Red Mountain Creek

Site_Description:
background; adjacent to but outside of FeOx-stained altered rocks of the Red Mountain deposit

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
sheared chloritized muscovite schist laced with thin (up to 0.5 inch) FeOx rich quartz veins parallel to foliation; veins contain effervescing calcite, some of the rusty FeOx clots effervesce when powdered = siderite? ankerite?; mapped as Mystic Creek and Chute Creek Members of Totatlanika Schist and T felsic and mafic intrusive rocks

Other_Information:
site is outside of but adjacent to alteration zone at Red Mountain deposit


Location_Info:
Red Mountain Creek proper, about 1500 feet upstream of depression below saddle at Red Mountain deposit

Site_Description:
background; just upstream of FeOx-stained altered rocks of the Red Mountain deposit

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
quartz-muscovite schist, well-foliated with chlorite seams along foliation, locally contains quartz and feldspar augen; minor quartz-FeOx veining; mapped as Chute Creek Member of Totatlanika Schist

Other_Information:
site is upstream of but near alteration zone at Red Mountain deposit


Location_Info:
spring along Red Mountain Creek at downstream end of draw below saddle at Red Mountain deposit; on East facing side of valley

Site_Description:
alpine tundra; spring issuing from base of colluvium at Red Mountain Creek level

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
oxidized parallel sulfide seams in siliceous altered metarhyolite; fragmented, anhedral quartz phenocrysts in gray silica matrix with fresh disseminated pyrite; gray color likely due to fine-grained sulfides; white salts along seams are prominent


Location_Info:
Red Mountain Creek proper within, but near upper end of FeOx-rich altered zone that cuts across creek

Site_Description:
creek flowing through the mineralized zone

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
contorted, chloritic mica schist with sulfide-bearing (pyrite) siliceous interbeds; heavily FeOx-stained, abundant FeOx precipitate


Location_Info:
Fe-sulfate spring on West facing side of Red Mountain Creek valley, at edge of Red Mountain Creek

Site_Description:
spring issuing from base of talus/rubble crop, floored in FeOx-stained ferricrete; surrounded by alpine tundra

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
strongly foliated, chloritic, quartz-muscovite schist; FeOx-stained, pyritic


Location_Info:
Red Mountain Creek proper at range front, immediately downstream of altered/mineralized outcrop

Site_Description:
creek with abundant Al oxyhydroxide precipitates and FeOx staining

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
none at site, but FeOx rich siliceous mica schist is 200 feet upstream


Location_Info:
Red Mountain Creek proper upstream of altered rocks; just below junction of two smaller tributaries

Site_Description:
background; creek well upstream of mineralized outcrops of Red Mountain deposit

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
gray schist and meta-argillite, highly sheared along foliation, cut locally by white FeOx-stained quartz veins; veins are contorted, but cut across foliation and pre date shearing; mapped as Moose Creek Member plus Qa (alluvium, colluvium, plus glacial deposit)


Location_Info:
Red Mountain Creek proper about 200 feet upstream of confluence with Foster Creek

Site_Description:
creek well below mineralization, in spruce/willow

Other_Information:
coordinates changed from NAD27 to WGS84 after SG's GIS analysis of locations


Location_Info:
Foster Creek at mouth about 150 feet upstream of confluence with Red Mountain Creek

Site_Description:
creek flowing through spruce/ willow; abundant orange FeOx-rich fine sediment and floc


Location_Info:
Upper Foster Creek about 150 feet downstream of confluence of 2 small tributaries; above altered zone

Site_Description:
background; creek sampled at large shelf rock upstream (mostly) of altered bedrock and mineralization

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
foliated, sheared mica schist cut by numerous quartz veins that are locally pyritic and have common FeOx staining); = unit "D" on Grayd Resources detailed geologic map = rhyolite-rhyodacite-dacite, tuff, schistose


Location_Info:
Foster Creek about 200 feet upstream of confluence with Lago Creek

Site_Description:
creek flowing through willow and dwarf firewood, heavy FeOx staining on all alluvium

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
friable, altered quartz schist; difficult to determine protolith; = unit "RD" on Grayd Resources detailed geologic map = rhyodacite tuff


Location_Info:
spring flowing from outcrop along West side of Lago Creek just above confluence with Foster Creek

Site_Description:
spring issuing directly from bedrock in fracture zone; alpine tundra

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
green chloritic quartz schist of uncertain protolith; mapped as schistose rhyolite-rhyodacite-dacite tuff (= unit "D" on Grayd Resources detailed geologic map)

Other_Information:
Grayd Resources detailed geologic map indicates that site is below massive sulfide layer and below mottled meta-rhyolite; bracketed on 4 sides by 4 faults, enhancing hydrologic conductivity


Location_Info:
Lago Creek proper just upstream of confluence with Foster Creek; immediately West of this site is spring sampled as 03BF015

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
same as at site 03BF015; strongly foliated, lineated, and pyritic on river-right outcrop

Other_Information:
adjacent to 03BF015 (same coordinates used); sites 03BF015 and 03BF016 are approximately 75 feet downstream of survey post labeled RM DC-11, DC-12, 97


Location_Info:
Red Mountain Creek proper about 75 feet upstream of confluence with Dry Creek

Site_Description:
creek flowing with channel cutting course gravel alluvium; former gold placer area although hard to discern any workings

Weather:
overcast; slight drizzle for last few hours (not enough to cause surface flow or change in creeks)

Other_Information:
not enough rain to cause surface flow or change in creek flow; coordinates changed from NAD27 to WGS84 after SG's GIS analysis of locations


Location_Info:
Dry Creek about 75 feet upstream of confluence with Red Mountain Creek

Site_Description:
background; creek sampled only from right side to mid-stream

Weather:
overcast; slight drizzle (no surface flow)

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
steely gray muscovite schist, chloritic, carbonaceous, cut by white quartz veins following foliation, minor FeOx staining on quartz veins


Location_Info:
Dry Creek about 0.3 mile downstream of confluence with Red Mountain Creek

Site_Description:
well below mixing zone of Red Mountain and Dry Creeks

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
chloritized muscovite schist with calcite-coated joints


Location_Info:
head of Lago Creek upstream of altered rock and saddle at Red Mountain

Site_Description:
upstream of obvious FeOx-stained mineralized rocks


Location_Info:
spring below South end of saddle on West side of Red Mountain, along East side of Lago Creek

Site_Description:
groundwater mixing zone along line demarking vegetation (upstream, higher pH water) and unvegetated, altered, pyritic scree (downstream, lower pH water) in alpine tundra

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
none at site; talus/ scree is platy muscovite schist and siliceous pyritic metarhyolite; also vuggy silica (evidence of acid sulfate supergene alteration?)

Other_Information:
spring flows along grass slope upstream adjacent to barren FeOx-stained talus => hydrologic mixing zone of higher pH (upstream) and lower pH (saddle) rocks


Location_Info:
spring below center of saddle on West side of Red Mountain


Location_Info:
spring adjacent to Lago Creek; issues from base of a bedrock ridge

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
chloritic mica schist cut by FeOx-rich quartz veins up to 6 inches thick, vuggy (evidence of acid sulfate supergene alteration?)

Other_Information:
"Discovery Zone" of massive sulfide is up hill to W of site


Location_Info:
Foster Creek about 1000 feet downstream of confluence with Lago Creek


Location_Info:
about 250 feet North of saddle at Red Mountain deposit

Site_Description:
near but not on massive sulfide reef as mapped on detailed geologic map of Grayd Resources

Weather:
partly cloudy; about 3/4 in of rain fell last night at Slide Creek camp


Location_Info:
about 500 feet North West of saddle at Red Mountain deposit

Site_Description:
green chloritic schist outcrop about 500 ft from saddle

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
green chloritic schist with interbedded gray siliceous horizons having disseminated pyrite cubes


Location_Info:
about 850 feet North West of saddle at Red Mountain deposit

Site_Description:
prominent sheared outcrop in mapped shear zone; pyrite-rich and siliceous

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
quartz muscovite schist, highly sheared, pyritic; salts in protected areas; contains trace malachite blebs; down slope the same horizon is very siliceous and makes bold outcrop on downstream side of slope below saddle on Lago Creek


Location_Info:
ridge between Lago and Foster Creeks in "Discovery" zone

Site_Description:
pyrite-rich mineralized hill in Discovery Zone

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
dark gray pyrite-rich sulfide ore, juicy-looking; weathers to rich red-orange outcrop; very vuggy; also felsic, foliated metarhyolite from Grayd Resources mottled metarhyolite zone


Location_Info:
spring along Foster Creek; at base of hill that is part of "Discovery" zone

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
fractured metarhyolite with quartz phenocrysts, now elongate with foliation; heavy orange FeOx coating fractures; calcite coats fractures locally (explains why pH is not too low), sulfide body (site 03BF028) located on steep slope above site


Location_Info:
spring along Foster Creek about 300 feet downstream of confluence of Foster and Lago Creeks; adjacent to old drill site

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
FeOx-rich, pyritic, silicified bed approximately 10 feet thick within gray fissile muscovite schist; mapped as "RD" unit on Grayd Resources geologic map

Other_Information:
number on the slanted drill pipe reads "5012"; abundant calcite coating joint surfaces of bedrock; see photo of calcite coated boulder that fell into acidic water


Location_Info:
vegetated swath between sulfidic debris flows on East side of Lago Creek, North West facing; spring below South end of saddle on West side of Red Mountain; RGE site 03BF021

Site_Description:
groundwater mixing zone along line demarking vegetation (upstream, higher pH water) and unvegetated, altered scree (downstream, lower pH water) in alpine tundra

Published_As:
Giles and others, 2006; Gough and others, 2006; Eppinger and others, 2004; Eppinger and others, 2005; Eppinger and others, 2006a; Eppinger and others, 2006b?

Other_Information:
RGE's site 03BF021; LPG's lat/long coordinates replaced with those for 03BF021


Location_Info:
next to small drainage within sulfidic debris flows on East side of Lago Creek; down slope of 04AK15 about 150 feet

Other_Information:
coordinates originally determined with NAD27AK datum, Clark 1866 geoid, but converted to WGS84 for this database


Location_Info:
next to small drainage within sulfidic debris flows on East side of Lago Creek; next to (W of) 04AK16 about 15 feet


Location_Info:
next to small drainage within sulfidic debris flows on East side of Lago Creek; down slope of 04AK17, within mixing zone


Location_Info:
near drainage from fracture in bedrock that flows into Lago Creek; willow sampling site; RGE's site 03BF015

Site_Description:
spring issuing directly from bedrock in alpine tundra

Other_Information:
RGE's site 03BF015; LPG's lat/long coordinates replaced with those for 03BF015


Location_Info:
site within seep at edge of alteration zone in Megan's Draw watershed; East side of saddle in upper pond of Megan's Draw; RGE's site 04BF057

Site_Description:
alpine tundra; small seep in slumped tundra near S edge of alteration zone

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
none at site, but abundant quartz-muscovite schist and chlorite schist and lesser vein quartz in colluvium; all covered with thin salt film

Other_Information:
RGE's site 04BF057; LPG's lat/long coordinates replaced with RGE's


Location_Info:
site several hundred feet further down slope of 04AK20 in headwaters of Megan's Draw in break in slope; willow only


Location_Info:
site within Megan's Draw down slope of 04AK21 about 0.25 miles; impressive upwelling spring at base of fracture zone; RGE's site 04BF059

Site_Description:
alpine tundra; spring issuing from slumped tundra at base of fracture zone in altered bedrock

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
quartz-chlorite schist, heavily FeOx-stained (orange), with FeOx on fissile partings; cut by bull quartz veins with feldspar and vugs (after calcite?)

Other_Information:
RGE's site 04BF059; JMH's lat/long coordinates replaced with those for 04BF059


Location_Info:
site across creek from 04AK22 and upslope on NE facing 5% slope; in vegetated area between alteration zones


Location_Info:
spring along Red Mountain Creek at downstream end of draw below saddle at Red Mountain deposit; E-facing side of valley; RGE's site 03BF006

Other_Information:
RGE's site 03BF006; LPG's lat/long coordinates replaced with RGE's


Location_Info:
Fe-sulfate spring on West facing side of Red Mountain Creek valley at edge of Red Mountain Creek; RGE's site 03BF008

Site_Description:
spring issuing from base of talus/rubble crop, floored in FeOx-stained ferricrete; in alpine tundra

Other_Information:
RGE's site 03BF008; LPG's lat/long coordinates replaced with those for 03BF008


Location_Info:
spring adjacent to Lago Creek; issues along a bedrock ridge; re-sample site 03BF023 to verify high metals in water and to collect Fe2+ sample

Weather:
partly cloudy; beautiful day; no recent rain

Other_Information:
JMH collected precipitates from adjacent Lago Creek at this site


Location_Info:
about 850 feet North West of saddle at Red Mountain deposit; re-occupy of 03BF027 site to collect sample for leach and for BEH

Site_Description:
prominent sheared outcrop in mapped shear zone

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
quartz-muscovite schist (outcrop and dominant scree component) surrounds and underlies the quartz-pyrite knob

Other_Information:
composite rock sample split given to BEH for spectroscopic study


Location_Info:
Lago Creek just downstream from Red Mountain saddle

Site_Description:
creek with heavily FeOx-stained alluvial cobbles

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
strongly foliated lineated, phyllitic quartz-chlorite schist with FeOx on joints; mapped by Grayd as phyllitic fine ash tuff


Collectors:
P Briggs/B Eppinger/L Gough/N Foley/J Hammarstrom

Location_Info:
spring flowing from outcrop along West side of Lago Creek just above confluence with Foster Creek; re-sample of 03BF015 site to verify high metals in water and to collect Fe2+ sample


Location_Info:
approximately 250 feet West of and downstream of saddle between Red Mountain Creek and Megan's Draw

Site_Description:
small three foot diameter pool, barely flowing water from W side of saddle; in slump in tundra

Weather:
partly cloudy, no recent rain, beautiful day

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
on N side of draw adjacent bedrock is chloritic schist with FeOx-stained parting planes, plus white vein quartz in rubble crop; in outcrop, white quartz veins run parallel to foliation (sweat veins?)

Other_Information:
there is more FeOx staining in bedrock here than observed elsewhere


Location_Info:
bold red stained outcrop North West of saddle

Site_Description:
very orange-red stained quartz-muscovite schist

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
fissile, red-orange stained quartz muscovite schist


Location_Info:
E side of saddle in upper pond of Megan's Draw

Other_Information:
LPG sampled black liverwort moss and JMH collected salts at this this site


Site_Description:
background; above main alteration zone; there are small minor FeOx-alteration zones evident in outcrop above site

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
fissile chlorite schist cut by bull quartz


Location_Info:
spring along Megan's Draw at creek level immediately upstream of isolated knob of altered bedrock on East side; impressive upwelling spring at base of fracture zone

Other_Information:
some chlorite schist has thin conformable quartz horizons with disseminated pyrite; on slope above spring, beds dip to N on knob, to S along southern part of alteration zone ==> fault in low saddle accounting for spring flow; LPG sampled liverworts and JMH sampled salts here; NF-A sampled bedrock and ferricrete


Site_Description:
below break in slope and below any obvious altered bedrock


Location_Info:
spring along Red Mountain Creek, at downstream end of draw below saddle at Red Mountain deposit; resample of 03BF006 to verify metals in water and to collect Fe2+ sample

Site_Description:
spring issuing from base of altered bed/ colluvium at Red Mountain Creek level

Other_Information:
re-sample of 03BF006 to verify high metal concentrations and to get Fe2+


Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
oxidized parallel sulfide seams in siliceous altered metarhyolite (?); fragmented, anhedral quartz phenocrysts in gray silica matrix with fresh disseminated pyrite; gray color likely due to fine-grained sulfides; white salts along seams are prominent


Location_Info:
spring along East side of Red Mountain Creek at creek level; re-sample of 03BF008 to verify high metals in water and to collect Fe2+ sample

Site_Description:
spring issuing from base of talus/ rubble crop, floored in FeOx-stained ferricrete

Other_Information:
RGE's site 03BF008; re-sample of 03BF008 to verify high metal concentrations and to get Fe2+; Red Mountain Creek directly across from this site has pH 5.1, conductivity 1200 µS/cm, flow approximately 1.5 CFS


Location_Info:
sulfide zone outcrop area below "spherulite" area; South of Foster Creek (same location as 04BF028; 04BF028 coordinates used)

Other_Information:
RGE's site 03BF028; JMH's lat/long coordinates replaced with those for 03BF028


Location_Info:
exhalite unit above sulfide zone and below spherulite area South of Foster Creek


Location_Info:
spring below South end of saddle on West side of Red Mountain, along East side of Lago Creek; just S of 03BF21; kill zone in sedge

Other_Information:
RGE's site 03BF021; JMH's lat/long coordinates replaced with those for 03BF021


Location_Info:
spring below South end of saddle on West side of Red Mountain, along East side of Lago Creek; same location as 03BF21


Location_Info:
side channel from the W, about 20 meters North of site 03BF21; along Lago Creek

Geologic_Info_Bedrock:
not noted (altered felsic volcanic rocks)


Location_Info:
main Lago Creek stream channel 50 feet downstream from confluence with stream sampled at 04JHBF06


Location_Info:
complex mixing zone just above spring site 03BF23, Lago Creek area


Location_Info:
spring from side, flowing into Lago Creek, with ferricrete; schwertmannite identified here in 2003

Other_Information:
RGE's site 03BF023; JMH's lat/long coordinates replaced with those for 03BF023


Location_Info:
side stream just above its confluence with main Lago Creek


Location_Info:
downstream along Lago Creek, which is a single channel at this point


Location_Info:
~5 feet downstream of mixing zone of bedrock acid spring discharge (from mineralized zone) with main Lago Creek; no floc (all Fe2+) at spring, only ferricrete


Location_Info:
Foster Creek downstream of Lago Creek confluence and downstream of all acid inflows


Location_Info:
outcrop along Foster Creek, downstream of Lago Creek confluence; coordinates for 04JHBF14 used for this site

Other_Information:
adjacent to 04JHBF14 (same coordinates used)


Location_Info:
outcrop on altered saddle East of Red Mountain between Red Mountain Creek and Megan's Draw; coordinates for CD-B's sample 04ADb25 used for this site

Other_Information:
NAD27/Clark 1866 original coordinates converted to WGS84 here


Location_Info:
SE of saddle between Red Mountain Creek and Megan's Draw


Location_Info:
saddle between Red Mountain Creek and Megan's Draw; red zone


Location_Info:
saddle between Red Mountain Creek and Megan's Draw; same site as 04JHBF21

Site_Description:
chips of red zone surface material with white coating to check for clays


Location_Info:
saddle between Red Mountain Creek and Megan's Draw; West of red zone

Site_Description:
yellow-orange zone; on shaley schist; approximately 5000 square foot area


Location_Info:
saddle between Red Mountain Creek and Megan's Draw


Location_Info:
seep along West side of Megan's Draw below (E of) saddle, green and black liverwort present

Other_Information:
RGE's site 04BF057; JMH's lat/long coordinates replaced with those for 04BF057


Location_Info:
spring along Megan's Draw at creek level immediately upstream of isolated knob of altered bedrock on East side; impressive upwelling spring at base of fracture zone (same location as 04JHBF28 and 04BF059; 04BF059 coordinates used)


Location_Info:
spring along Megan's Draw at creek level immediately upstream of isolated knob of altered bedrock on East side; impressive upwelling spring at base of fracture zone (same location as 04JHBF27 and 04BF059; 04BF059 coordinates used)


Location_Info:
Megan's Draw, ~8 feet downstream of seep confluence


Location_Info:
outcrop slope on shaley metavolcanics North Red Mountain saddle area


Other_Information:
RGE's site 03BF006; JMH's lat/long coordinates replaced with those for 03BF006


Location_Info:
outcrop with exposed fault along Red Mountain Creek


Location_Info:
same outcrop several feet downstream, South of fault; same location as 04JHBF40; Red Mountain Creek area


Location_Info:
same outcrop area, just North of fault; same as RGE's site 03BF007; Red Mountain Creek area

Other_Information:
RGE's site 03BF007; JMH's lat/long coordinates replaced with those for 03BF007


Location_Info:
white precipitate coating streambed of Red Mountain Creek (pH 5.5), downstream of outcrops


Location_Info:
acid seep on East side of Red Mountain Creek

Other_Information:
RGE's site 03BF008; JMH's lat/long coordinates replaced with those for 03BF008


Location_Info:
ice along East side of Red Mountain Creek; very near 04JHBF53, so that location used


Location_Info:
stream bed precipitates (farthest downstream ochre samples for Red Mountain Creek)


Location_Info:
Field blank, DI water from lab, processed at Buzby's cabins at start of field season

Site_Description:
Field blank, DI water from lab, processed at Buzby's cabins at start of field season


Location_Info:
Field blank, DI water from lab, processed at Fairbanks hotel

Site_Description:
Field blank, DI water from lab, processed at Fairbanks hotel


# tblSedimentChemData

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
stream sediment (-80 mesh), pulverized to -100 mesh

Analytical_Note:
higher ICP-MS55 values over ICP-MS 42 likely due to more rigorous dissolution procedure for ICP-MS55

Replaced_Data:
Fe (MS42) value of  >15 replaced with 30.1111


Lab:
USGS (MS42), XRAL (all others except as noted in Analytical_Note))

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
stream sediment (-10 mesh), pulverized to -100 mesh

Analytical_Note:
The following ICP-MS42 elements analyzed by XRAL: In, S, Sn, Te, and W


# tblSedimentInfo

Sample_Description:
stream sediment; FeOx-rich sediment and FeOx precipitate on organic rich liverwort comprise the fines in the coarser colluvium; composite of FeOx fines among angular colluvial cobbles

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
50% gray dark schist, 50% fine-grained, siliceous gray-yellow rhyolite(?); all rocks extremely altered; spongy boxwork of residual silica in saddle = supergene alteration by acidic groundwaters; immature sediment (angular colluvium)


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; yellowish orange fines within angular colluvium, fines likely derived from FeOx precipitate and clay alteration; lack of vegetation likely due to acidity and active flowing colluvium

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
60% schistose rhyolite(?), 30% dark gray schist, 10% white FeOx-rich vein quartz (vuggy); immature sediment (angular colluvium)


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; clay-rich, locally high muscovite (sericite?) content; fines in coarse angular colluvial cobbles

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
5% quartz-FeOx rich cobbles, 80% quartz mica schist, 15% silica-rich fine-grained rhyolite(?); immature sediment--angular colluvium; way fewer altered rocks than at previous sites


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; fine to sandy to gravely sediment in subangular cobbles to boulders; sediment more mature here than across valley; abundant sericite in fine sediments; no magnetite or other heavies seen; alluvial cobbles generally platy; vein quartz cobbles locally show large clots of chlorite and muscovite

Staining_on_Alluvium:
low FeOx staining on most rocks, but ~ 5% of rocks are FeOx-stained vein quartz with anhedral FeOx clots (after pyrite?)

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
55% dark green chloritized metaigneous(?) rocks (mafic to intermediate, perhaps a diorite), could be metasedimentary (hard to tell in hand specimen); 30% muscovite schist, 10% vein quartz (cuts the green meta-igneous rock); minor banded chert; 5% FeOx-stained vein quartz cobbles


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; gray fine sediment around dark tan, gray, and green cobbles to boulders, subrounded, all generally platy; moderate gradient; no sulfides observed

Staining_on_Alluvium:
minor FeOx, no MnOx; vein quartz is FeOx stained; vein calcite tends to not be FeOx stained

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
50% green chloritized metavolcanics, 10% mica schist (muscovite, chloritized) 10% vein quartz (locally with calcite and FeOx), 30% dark gray carbonaceous schist, very platy


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; fine gray sediment in coarser platy cobbles to boulders; abundant muscovite (sericite locally), no heavies observed; abundant Al oxyhydroxides, no periphyton

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
50% green chloritized metavolcanics(?), 50% FeOx-stained mica schist with FeOx and pyrite seams; quartz-calcite veins locally with calcite being consumed by acidic stream water (see photo 03BF007-6)


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; fine brown to gray sediment among white-stained and red-stained cobbles and boulders; not as much sericite as found up stream; collected along both sides of creek along bank

Staining_on_Alluvium:
white- and red-stained cobbles and boulders; no MnOx

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
50% green chloritic metavolcanics, 30% muscovite schist, 20% vein quartz with FeOx clots; a couple large boulders of metarhyolite porphyry with angular and anhedral quartz phenocrysts


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; gray fines to platy gravel among cobble to small boulders; moderate gradient; fair amount of FeOx staining on metavolcanics cut by quartz vein stockwork; no MnOx; well vegetated, healthy-looking banks

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
40% foliated gray schist, 30% feldspar porphyry intermediate to mafic metaigneous rocks, 10% FeOx stained vein quartz stockwork, 20% muscovite schist


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; silt to sand among cobbles to small boulders, moderate gradient, active channel approximately 20 feet wide, Al gel-like floc on banks; gray to tan to orangish fines (abundant orange fines)

Staining_on_Alluvium:
moderate FeOx on quartz vein-rich boulders and cobbles; no MnOx

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
50% green chlorite metasediments, 20% brown chert, 10% vein quartz with FeOx staining, 20% tan muscovite schist; local cobbles of quartz-calcite veins with calcite completely gone (consumed by acidic water) leaving ragged quartz vugs (see photo 03BF011-2)


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; orange silt and sand (no gray here!) among cobbles to small boulders, moderate gradient, active channel approximately 15 feet across

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
20% muscovite schist, 40% green chloritic metasediments, 10% vein quartz with FeOx staining, 10% brown chert, 10% medium-grained intermediate intrusive rock (unfoliated, Tertiary?), 10% chloritic feldspar porphyry (mafic to intermediate)


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; tan fine to sandy sediment among angular to subangular, generally platy cobbles to boulders; minor brown periphyton (some is orange and appears FeOx stained); abundant sericite in fines

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
40% chloritic muscovite schist, 25% dark gray carbonaceous schist, 30% green chloritic metavolcanics(?), 5% vein quartz with FeOx; some boulders locally have calcite veining and smears; minor brown chert; one boulder shows calcite boudinage in low relief (former vein?; see 03BF013-3)


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; orange FeOx and Fe floc on tan silt to sandy sediment among cobbles to small boulders, active channel approximately 5 feet wide, moderate gradient; no periphyton

Staining_on_Alluvium:
heavy FeOx coating, no MnOx (orange, friable FeOx precipitate on alluvium)

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
40% dark green chloritic metasediments, 30% tan mica schist, 10% FeOx-rich vein quartz, 20% black carbonaceous schist; difficult to estimate compositions through the FeOx staining; calcite veins noted here and there along stream between sites 03BF013 & 03BF014 probably helps keep stream pH higher


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; tan to very orange, rusty FeOx- rich fine silt to sand within gravel to cobbles to boulders; floor is ferricrete with veneer of uncemented alluvium; white precipitate locally on cobbles; active channel 10 feet wide, steep to moderate gradient

Staining_on_Alluvium:
very FeOx-rich fines, some FeOx on vein quartz stockwork

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
40% green chloritic metavolcanics(?), 30% chloritic muscovite schist, 10% vein quartz stockwork cutting metavolcanics and schist, 20% carbonaceous schist, minor black to brown chert


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; sandy gray to more commonly rusty-tan sediment in pockets of generally platy cobbles to boulders; creek active channel is approximately 15 feet wide, moderate gradient

Staining_on_Alluvium:
moderate FeOx associated with vein quartz cobbles and stockwork; no MnOx

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
60% green chloritic metavolcanics, 20% muscovite schist (chloritic, greenish), 20% vein quartz and stockwork (some is pyritic with FeOx stains and clots), minor coarse quartz feldspar porphyry, minor medium-grained salt-n-pepper granite, trace calcite in vein quartz


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; silt to sand along bar; cobbles in right side of Dry Creek only; gray micaceous (muscovite) sediment; active channel about 60 feet wide, swift, moderate gradient

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
10% salt-n-pepper granite (maybe not enough quartz for true granite), 55% chloritic metavolcanics(?), 30% gray muscovite schist, 5% vein quartz


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; gray silt to abundant sand among cobbles to boulders; active channel about 40 feet wide, swift, moderate gradient

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
70% green chloritic metavolcanics, 10% quartz stockwork and vein quartz, 10% salt-n-pepper granite, 10% gray muscovite schist


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; tan fine silt to sand among cobbles to boulders; calcite fairly common on these boulders as thin white coating, not as discrete crystals;  no periphyton

Staining_on_Alluvium:
minor FeOx only on quartz-calcite boulders; no MnOx

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
65% chloritic green metavolcanics, 20% black meta-argillite, 5% FeOx rich quartz boulders (some with calcite), 10% lime-green muscovite schist


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; tan to rusty red fines and sand in heavy FeOx-stained cobbles to small boulders; no periphyton; active channel is floored by ferricrete with a thin alluvium veneer; about 15 feet wide, moderate gradient

Staining_on_Alluvium:
heavy FeOx-stained cobbles to small boulders

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
60% chloritic green metavolcanics, 10% quartz vein with FeOx clots plus quartz stockwork, 30% muscovite schist (chloritized)


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; Fe-cemented including liverwort organic matter; within flowing acidic waters


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; sediment/Fe-flock composite within flowing acidic waters


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; Al-encrusted including liverwort organic matter; within flowing acidic waters


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; Fe-cemented including liverwort organic matter; sample from seep


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; Fe-cemented including liverwort organic matter; sample from within Fe-sulfate spring


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; from active alluvium; steep gradient, fine gravel to boulders; slippery rocks from algae and periphyton

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
30% augen gneiss (schistose) of California Creek Member of Totatlanka Schist; 33% chloritic, relatively massive, graywacke; 20% chlorite schist; 5% vein quartz with chlorite clots and partings and vugs from dissolution (of calcite?); 10% muscovite schist, minor schist, minor dark gray chert, same as that found in Lago Creek alluvium; approximately 2% quartz-calcite vein cobbles with calcite in good shape


Sample_Description:
stream sediment; from pockets of fines; coarse to fine gravel to boulders

Staining_on_Alluvium:
heavy FeOx in rocks at or below water surface

Geologic_Info_Alluvium:
20% chloritic massive graywacke, 20% chloritic schist; 20% quartz-chlorite schist; 25% augen gneiss; 10% muscovite schist, 5% vein quartz (vein quartz above active channel still has calcite clots)


# tblSoilInfo

Sample_Description:
composite soil from pit A; coarse fragments removed; upslope of spring in Megan's Draw; soil over rubble

Source:
undisturbed, VMS non-mineralized area, but within alteration zone


Sample_Description:
composite soil from pit B; coarse fragments removed; upslope of spring in Megan's Draw; soil over rubble


Sample_Description:
composite soil from pit C; coarse fragments removed; upslope of spring in Megan's Draw; soil over rubble


Sample_Description:
composite soil from pit A; coarse fragments removed; upslope on opposite side of valley from spring in Megan's Draw


Sample_Description:
composite soil from pit C; coarse fragments removed; upslope on opposite side of valley from spring in Megan's Draw


# tblVegetationChemData

USGS_Analyst:
M. Adams (ICP), C. Ager (ash), Z. Brown (As, Hg, Tot S)

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
ashed willow leaf composite, summer; 4 acid digestion

Analytical_Note:
converted to dry weight from ash weight basis by multiplying by ash percent, per Paul Lamothe


Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
ashed willow twigs  composite, summer; 4 acid digestion


USGS_Analyst:
C. Ager (ash), Z. Brown (Se), P. Lamothe (ICP)

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
willow leaves, pulverized, ashed; 4 acid digestion


USGS_Analyst:
C. Ager (ash), Z. Brown (Hg, Se), P. Lamothe (ICP)

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
moss leaves, stems, rhizoids, pulverized, ashed; 4 acid digestion


Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
moss leaves, pulverized, ashed; 4 acid digestion


# tblVegetationInfo

Source:
collected in 3-5 foot high group of willows in less-altered area

Other_Information:
sample split in lab for separate analyses of stems and leaves


Source:
background site just outside alteration zone


Sample_Description:
black liverwort, color on exposed surface of liverwort is black; green underneath. Zn reaction? Other metal reaction?

Source:
spring; liverwort seen only at lowest pH springs along Red Mountain Creek


Source:
just downstream of altered/mineralized bedrock, within altered alluvium


Source:
within alluvium, upstream of mineralized rocks


Source:
below altered/mineralized bedrock, but within altered alluvium; sparsely distributed along alluvium floored banks

Other_Information:
sample split in lab for separate analyses of stems and leaves; shorter new growth than at other sites, 4 inches here compared to 8 to 12 inches elsewhere


Source:
within altered/mineralized bedrock and alluvium

Other_Information:
sample split in lab for separate analyses of stems and leaves; abundant healthy growth


Sample_Description:
appear to be 2 species of willow combined into 1 sample because of sparse willows, 4"-6" of new growth

Source:
overlying above highly acidic spring within alteration zone

Other_Information:
sample split in lab for separate analyses of stems and leaves; just upstream & probably underlying this willow patch is a mineralized massive sulfide layer identified by geophysics and drilling; photo shows acidic spring with willow above


Source:
left side of creek at mouth; well below altered/mineralized bedrock, but within altered alluvium

Other_Information:
sample split in lab for separate analyses of stems and leaves; good fresh growth


Other_Information:
on low bank next to flowing acidic water; miscellaneous plant debris removed; washed, ground


Other_Information:
adjacent to fracture-flow stream; RGE's '15' 2003 site


Other_Information:
sample from shrubs on edge of Lago Creek in Fe-stained gravel


Other_Information:
sample from seep on west side of Red Mountain; miscellaneous plant debris removed; washed, ground


Other_Information:
within spring in Megan's Draw; miscellaneous plant debris removed; washed, ground


Other_Information:
upslope on opposite side of valley from spring in Megan's Draw


Other_Information:
sample from within Fe-sulfate spring; miscellaneous plant debris removed; washed, ground


Other_Information:
sample within zone of influence of Fe-spring


# tblWaterChemDataAnionsFU

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
de-ionized water, filtered @ 0.45 micron, not acidified, refrigerated until analyzed


Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
water, filtered @ 0.45 micron, not acidified, refrigerated until analyzed


# tblWaterChemDataCationsFA

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
de-ionized water, filtered @ 0.45 micron, acidified w/ HNO3


Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
water, filtered @ 0.45 micron, acidified w/ HNO3

Analytical_Note:
use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; ICP-MW values deleted for the following because of poor agreement with ICP-EW (difference > 50%): Fe


Analytical_Note:
use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; ICP-MW values deleted for the following because of poor agreement with ICP-EW (difference > 50%): Fe, Li


Analytical_Note:
use EW results over MW for majors + Fe + Co


Analytical_Note:
use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; ICP-EW value for As deleted per analyst recommmendation


Analytical_Note:
use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; ICP-MW values deleted for the following because of poor agreement with ICP-EW (difference > 50%): Ba, P; ICP-EW value for As deleted per analyst recommmendation


Analytical_Note:
use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; ICP-MW values deleted for the following because of poor agreement with ICP-EW (difference > 50%):  P; ICP-EW value for As deleted per analyst recommmendation


Analytical_Note:
use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; ICP-MW values deleted for the following because of poor agreement with ICP-EW (difference > 50%): Ba, Cr


Analytical_Note:
sample diluted for ICP-EW; use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; use MW results for Na as the diluted MW Na value was <1


Analytical_Note:
sample diluted for ICP-EW; use EW results over MW for majors + Fe


# tblWaterChemDataCationsRA

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
de-ionized water, not filtered, acidified w/ HNO3

Analytical_Note:
Use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; most elements by MW are consistently biased low compared to EW


Analytical_Note:
Use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; most elements by MW are consistently biased low compared to EW; ICP-MW values deleted for the following because of poor agreement with ICP-EW (difference > 50%): Fe


Analytical_Note:
Use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; most elements by MW are consistently biased low compared to EW; ICP-MW values deleted for the following because of poor agreement with ICP-EW (difference > 50%): Fe, Li


Analytical_Note:
Use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; most elements by MW are consistently biased low compared to EW; ICP-EW value for As deleted per analyst recommendation


Analytical_Note:
Use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; most elements by MW are consistently biased low compared to EW; ICP-MW values deleted for the following because of poor agreement with ICP-EW (difference > 50%): Co


Analytical_Note:
Use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; most elements by MW are consistently biased low compared to EW; ICP-MW values deleted for the following because of poor agreement with ICP-EW (difference > 50%):  P; ICP-EW value for As deleted per analyst recommendation


Analytical_Note:
Use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; most elements by MW are consistently biased low compared to EW; ICP-MW values deleted for the following because of poor agreement with ICP-EW (difference > 50%): P; ICP-EW value for As deleted per analyst recommendation


Analytical_Note:
Use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; most elements by MW are consistently biased low compared to EW; ICP-MW values deleted for the following because of poor agreement with ICP-EW (difference > 50%): P


Analytical_Note:
sample diluted for ICP-EW; use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; most elements by MW are consistently biased low compared to EW; ICP-MW values deleted for the following because of poor agreement with ICP-EW (difference > 50%): Li


Analytical_Note:
sample diluted for ICP-EW; use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; most elements by MW are consistently biased low compared to EW; ICP-MW values deleted for the following because of poor agreement with ICP-EW (difference > 50%): Ba, Li


Analytical_Note:
sample diluted for ICP-EW; use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; most elements by MW are consistently biased low compared to EW; ICP-MW values deleted for the following because of poor agreement with ICP-EW (difference > 50%): Ba


Analytical_Note:
sample diluted for ICP-EW; use EW results over MW for majors + Fe; most elements by MW are consistently biased low compared to EW


# tblWaterChemDataFe2+

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
water, filtered @ 0.45 micron, acidified w/ HCl, protected from sunlight

Analytical_Note:
second analysis by P. Briggs = 0; use G. Breit's value


Analytical_Note:
G. Breit suspects poor value for this colored sample; use CO value


# tblWaterChemDataHG

Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
de-ionized water, filtered @ 0.45 micron, preserved w/ K2Cr2O7-HNO3, collected in glass bottles w/ Teflon lids


Actual_Sample_Analyzed:
water, filtered @ 0.45 micron, preserved w/ K2Cr2O7-HNO3, collected in glass bottles w/ Teflon lids


Analytical_Note:
re-sample of 03BF006HG which had 15 ng/L, poor agreement; value verified (ran twice)


Analytical_Note:
re-sample of 03BF023HG which had 50 ng/L, poor agreement; value verified (ran twice)


Analytical_Note:
re-sample of 03BF015HG which had 10 ng/L, poor agreement; value verified (ran twice)


Analytical_Note:
re-sample of 03BF008HG which had 10 ng/L, poor agreement; value verified (ran twice)


# tblWaterSiteInfo

Channel_Bed_Description:
FeOx-rich fine sediment in angular colluvium; abundant black liverwort along edge of water; no periphyton on wet alluvium (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
no liverwort along stream edges (due to fact that substrate is not stable) or periphyton on wet alluvium; very sparse surrounding vegetation (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
abundant algae locally in muddy, organic-rich fine sediment within coarse colluvial material (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
minor FeOx staining on alluvial cobbles, no periphyton; flowing through grass, dwarf willow, and other vegetation (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
minor FeOx staining, no periphyton, abundant willow and other vegetation along banks (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
altered, pyritic, heavily FeOx-stained colluvium; abundant black-colored liverwort along waters edge; no periphyton


Channel_Bed_Description:
abundant FeOx and thin white aluminum oxyhydroxide coating alluvium; no periphyton (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
ferricrete and FeOx-cemented organic debris (twigs, leaves); black-colored liverwort along waters edge; no periphyton

Additional Note:
active ferricrete formation; site resampled as 04BF063


Channel_Bed_Description:
white gelatinous Al oxyhydroxide common along shore; no periphyton (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
minor periphyton (some slime-covered alluvial cobbles); willow, grass, and wildflowers along banks; fair amount of FeOx staining (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
white, gelatinous Al oxyhydroxide floc/precipitate along creeks edge; white film covers alluvial cobbles; fairly abundant FeOx staining on vein quartz cobbles; no periphyton (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
orange FeOx-rich fine sediment among cobbles; orange-tan gelatinous floc along waters edge; abundant tan-red FeOx staining on alluvium; no periphyton (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
minor brown periphyton and minor FeOx staining; tan fine sediment among cobbles (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
abundant deep red-orange FeOx staining on all alluvium in active channel; orange floc along stream edges (see sediment description)


Type_of_Site:
flowing from bedrock source into open sunny area

Channel_Bed_Description:
abundant FeOx floc along edges of water; black-colored liverwort along waters edge below source; no periphyton

Additional Note:
active ferricrete formation; site resampled as 04BF054


Type_of_Site:
flowing in open sunny area over ferricrete

Channel_Bed_Description:
abundant orange to red FeOx staining and fine sediment among cobbles to boulders; no periphyton (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
tan gelatinous precipitate along banks; no periphyton; moderate FeOx staining (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
no FeOx staining in alluvium along banks; too murky to determine much else (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
abundant orange-red FeOx staining on alluvium along both banks; too murky to determine much else (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
minor FeOx staining on quartz-carbonate cobbles and boulders; no obvious periphyton (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
abundant orange FeOx precipitate coating all cobbles; cobbles are mostly angular, altered scree; abundant black liverwort along edge of water; no periphyton

Additional Note:
hydrologic mixing zone of higher pH shallow groundwater up valley with lower pH shallow groundwater from below Red Mountain saddle


Channel_Bed_Description:
cobbles of FeOx-rich muscovite schist and siliceous metarhyolite (?); abundant black liverwort along edge of water; no FeOx precipitates or periphyton


Channel_Bed_Description:
tan to orange FeOx precipitate coating cobbles; abundant black liverwort along edge of water; no periphyton


Channel_Bed_Description:
tan sediment film on heavily FeOx-precipitate-coated (red-orange precipitate) alluvium (see sediment description)


Channel_Bed_Description:
abundant amount of fine orange FeOx-rich sediment between cobbles; cobbles are angular scree from hill slope; effervescing calcite and FeOx common on scree joint surfaces


Channel_Bed_Description:
abundant FeOx precipitate forming an active ferricrete deposit; whitish salts are common on rocks along waters edge


Additional Note:
re-sample of site 03BF023 to re-affirm high values and get Fe2+


Channel_Bed_Description:
abundant FeOx- staining on alluvial cobbles


Additional Note:
re-sample of site 03BF015 to re-affirm high values and get Fe2+;1:20 dilution required to get field Fe2+ value


Channel_Bed_Description:
sediment film, algae, and organic debris covering chlorite schist and vein quartz (angular)


Channel_Bed_Description:
tan fine sediment in approximately 2 inch deep pothole in black liverwort; Leptothrix discophora in pool


Channel_Bed_Description:
fine gravel to boulders, minor FeOx, abundant green-brown stringy algae, no MnOx


Channel_Bed_Description:
abundant FeOx on rocks and ferricrete cementing organic debris (sampled), black liverwort, numerous salts


Channel_Bed_Description:
abundant orange Fe-Ox coating all alluvium; coarse alluvium


Additional Note:
small intermittent stream in buggy area; re-sample of site 03BF006 to re-affirm high values and get Fe2+


Additional Note:
re-sample of site 03BF008 to re-affirm high values and collect sample for Fe2+ analysis in lab


