remote-sensing image
U. S. Geological SurveyUnpublished MaterialUnknownEAARL Topography-Vicksburg National Millitary Park 2008firstData Series390FISC Saint PetersburgU. S. Geological Survey
A bare earth elevation map (also known as a Digital Elevation Model or DEM) of the Vicksburg National Military Park in Mississippi was produced from remotely-sensed, geographically-referenced elevation measurements in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Park Service (NPS), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Elevation measurements were collected over the area using the NASA Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL), a pulsed laser ranging system mounted onboard an aircraft to measure ground elevation, vegetation canopy, and coastal topography. The system uses high frequency laser beams directed at the earth's surface through an opening in the bottom of the aircraft's fuselage. The laser system records the time difference between emission of the laser beam and the reception of the reflected laser signal in the aircraft. The plane travels over the target area at approximately 50 meters per second at an elevation of approximately 300 meters. The EAARL, developed by NASA at Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia, measures ground elevation with a vertical resolution of 15 centimeters. A sampling rate of 3 kHz or higher results in an extremely dense spatial elevation data set. Over 100 kilometers of coastline can be easily surveyed within a 3- to 4-hour mission time period. When subsequent elevation maps for an area are analyzed, they provide a useful tool to make management decisions regarding land development.
The purpose of this project was to produce a highly detailed and accurate bare earth digital elevation map of the Vicksburg National Military Park in Mississippi for use as a management tool and to make this map available to natural resource managers and research scientists.
Raw lidar data is not in a format that is generally usable by Park Service resource managers and scientists for scientific analysis. Converting dense lidar elevation data into a readily usable format without loss of essential information requires specialized processing. The U. S. Geological Survey's Coastal and Marine Geology (CMG) Program has developed custom software to convert raw lidar data into a GIS compatible map product to be provided to GIS specialists, managers, and scientists. The primary tool used in the conversion process is Airborne Lidar Processing System (ALPS), a multi-tiered processing system developed by a USGS/NASA collaborative project. Specialized processing algorithms are used to convert raw waveform lidar data acquired by the EAARL to georeferenced spot (x,y,z) returns for "first surface" and "bare earth" topography. These data are then converted to the North American Datum of 1983 and the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (using the Geoid 03 model). Each file contains data located in a 2 km by 2 km tile where the upper left bound can be quickly assessed through the file name. The first 3 numbers in the filename represent the left most UTM easting coordinate (e###000) in meters, the next 4 numbers represent the top most UTM northing coordinate (n####000) in meters, and the last 2 numbers (##) represent the UTM zone the tile is located in (ex. be_e123_n4567_15).
The development of custom software for creating these data products has been supported by the USGS CMG Program's 'Decision Support for Coastal Parks, Sanctuaries, and Preserves' project. Processed data products are used by the USGS CMG Program's 'National Assessments of Coastal Change Hazards Project' to quantify the vulnerability of shorelines to coastal change hazards such as severe storms, sea-level rise, and shoreline erosion and retreat.
en
20080306
ground condition
Irregular
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Advanced Lidar Processing System
ALPShttp://remotesensing.usgs.govDigital Elevation ModelDEMEAARLExperimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidarlaser altimetryLIDARremote sensingtopography
http://nationalmap.govVicksburg National Military ParkVicksburgMississippi
http://lidar.cr.usgs.gov/Bare Earthhttp://www.esri.com/news/arcuser/1104/temporal.html2008
Any use of these data signifies a user's agreement to comprehension and compliance of the U.S. Geological Survey Standard Disclaimer. Ensure all portions of metadata are read and clearly understood before using these data in order to protect both the user and the U.S. Geological Survey's interests. See section 6.3 Distribution Liability.
Although the U.S. Geological Survey is making these datasets available to others who may find the data of value, the U.S. Geological Survey does not warrant, endorse, or recommend the use of this data for any given purpose. The user assumes the entire risk related to the use of these data.
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Saint Petersburg
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Monday-Friday, 8-5, EST
Amar Nayegandhi or John Brock at USGSJacobs Technology, contracted to USGSanayegandhi@usgs.gov727-803-2031Computer Scientist
The U. S. Geological Survey is providing these data "as is", and the U. S. Geological Survey disclaims any and all warranties, whether expressed or implied, including (without limitation) any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. In no event will the U. S. Geological Survey be liable to you or to any third party for any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, special, or exemplary damages or lost profits resulting from any use or misuse of these data. Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey, Florida Integrated Science Center as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgement as is standad for citation and legal practices for data source is expected by users of this data. Sharing new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U. S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other data sets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photo interpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such.
Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.2.1350
Raster Dataset
unclassifiedUnclassifiednone
The expected accuracy of the measured variables are as follows: attitude within 0.07 degree, 3-cm nominal ranging accuracy, and vertical elevation accuracy of +/-15 cm for the topographic surface. Quality checks are built into the data-processing software.
Raw elevation measurements have been determined to be within 1 meter horizontal accuracy.
Elevations are vertically consistent with the point elevation data, +/-15 cm.
The data are collected using a Cessna 310 aircraft. The NASA Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) laser scanner collects the data using a green (532nm) raster scanning laser, while a digital camera acquires a visual record of the flight. The data are stored on hard drives and archived at the USGS office in St. Petersburg and the NASA office at Wallops Flight Facility. The navigational data are processed at Wallops Flight Facility. The navigational and raw data are then downloaded into the Airborne Lidar Processing System (ALPS). Data are converted from units of time to x,y,z points for elevation. The derived surface data can then be converted into raster data (geotiffs).
Airborne Lidar Processing System
20080306 through 20080716U. S. Geological Survey, FISC St. Petersburgmailing and physical address600 4trh Street SSaint PetersburgFL33701USA727.803.8747
U. S .Geoloigcal SurveyUnpublished MaterialUnknownEAARL Topography-Vicksburg National Military Park 2008firstremote-sensing imageData Series390FISC St. PetersburgU. S. Geological Survey1Point elevation measurements collected by the EAARL sensor.20080306ground conditionnonenone
unknownSeveral regions of the dataset are labeled as "No Data", which corresponds to a cell value of -32767 m in the TIF file. These "No Data" areas are a result of the survey not covering a particular region, or the manual removal of lidar processing artifacts.
Tiling Index
Raster
Pixel
2001
2001
1
3
32
FALSE
None
pixel RGB
Upper Left
FALSE
1.000000
meters
1.000000
meters
-32767GeoTIFF
row and column
1.000000
1.000000
meters
Universal Transverse Mercator
North American Datum of 1983
Geodetic Reference System 80
6378137.000000
298.257222
GCS_North_American_1983
North American Vertical Datum of 1988
15 cm
meters
Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
The variables measured by EAARL are: distance between aircraft and GPS satellites (m), attitude information (roll, pitch, heading in degrees), scan angle (degrees), second of the epoch (sec), and 1-ns time-resolved return intensity waveform (digital counts). Z value is referenced to orthometric elevations derived from National Geodetic Survey Geoid Model, Geoid03.
This raster represents LIDAR-derived elevations.
This Digital Elevation Model is a GeoTIFF derived from point data. It is raster data consisting of cells. Each cell has an elevation value associated with it.
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
Saint Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727-803-8747
U. S. Geological Survey, FISC St. PetersburgProject ManagerProject ManagerM-F 8:30-5:00 EST
DS-390
The U. S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. These data and related graphics are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such. The information contained in these data is dynamic and may change over time. The data are not better than the original sources from which they were derived. It is the responsibility of the data user to use the data appropriately and consistent within the limitations of geospatial data in general and these data in particular. The related graphics are intended to aid the data user in acquiring relevant data; it is not appropriate to use the related graphics as data. The U. S. Geological Survey gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of these data. It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from a U. S. Geological Survey server and not indirectly through other sources which may have changed the data in some way. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U. S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the utility of the data on another system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data and aggregate use with other data.
VaryTIFF2GeoTIFFDVDDVDcontact USGSVary
Contact USGS for Details.
20080306
20080716
mailing and physical address
Saint Petersburg
FL
33701
600 4th Street SouthUSA
727-803-8747
Metadata SpecialistUnited States Geological Survey, Center for Coastal and Watershed StudiesMetadata SpecialistM-F 8:00-5:00 EST
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998
local time
en
http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.htmlESRI Metadata Profile
Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.2.1350
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ISO 19115 Geographic Information - Metadata
DIS_ESRI1.0
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20011Meter1 Meter = 1 Meter(s)20011Meter1 Meter = 1 Meter(s)