Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Haeussler, P.J. Publication_Date: 2009 Title: Surface rupture map of the 2002 M7.9 Denali fault earthquake, Alaska: digital data Edition: Version 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Data Series Issue_Identification: DS 422 Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/422/ Description: Abstract: The November 3, 2002, M7.9 Denali Fault earthquake produced about 340 km of surface rupture along the Susitna Glacier thrust fault and the Denali and Totschunda right-lateral strike-slip faults. Digital photogrammetric methods were primarily used to create a 1:500-scale three-dimentional surface rupture map. 1:6000-scale aerial photographs were used for three dimensional digitization in ESRI's ArcMap GIS software, using Leica's StereoAnalyst plug in. Points were digitized along surface breaks on average 4.3 m apart for the surface rupture, where it was not through glacier ice. Earthquake-induced landslides, sackungen, and unruptured Holocene fault scarps on the eastern Denali fault were also digitized where they lay within the limits of air photo coverage. This digital three-dimensional fault trace map is superior to traditional maps in terms of relative and absolute accuracy, completeness, detail, and as a basis for three dimensional visualization. Fieldwork complements the air photo observations in locations of dense vegetation, on bedrock, or where the surface trace is weakly developed. Seventeen kilometers of the fault trace, which broke through glacier ice, was not digitized in detail due to time constraints, and air photos missed another 10 km of fault rupture through the upper Black Rapids Glacier, so that was not mapped in detail either. Purpose: Digital representation of geologic mapping facilitates the presentation and analysis of earth-science data. Digital maps may be displayed at any scale or projection, however the geologic data in this coverage is not intended for use at a scale larger than 1:500. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20021102 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: In work Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -147.81 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -142.27 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 63.54 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 62.28 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: geology Theme_Keyword: surface rupture map Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Alaska Place_Keyword: Alaska Range Place_Keyword: Black Rapids Glacier Place_Keyword: Susitna Glacier Place_Keyword: Canwell Glacier Place_Keyword: Gakona Glacier Place_Keyword: Mentasta Place_Keyword: Little Tok River Place_Keyword: Totschunda Creek Place_Keyword: Augustana Creek Place_Keyword: Slate Creek Place_Keyword: Chistochena Glacier Place_Keyword: Slana River Place_Keyword: Nabesna River Place_Keyword: Blue Lake Place_Keyword: West Fork Glacier Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in products derived from this data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Peter J. Hauessler Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 4200 University Drive City: Anchorage State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99508-4667 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7447 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pheuslr@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: This digital coverage was created by Peter J. Haeussler. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Data set was created using ESRI ArcMAP version 9.1.1 on a Windows platform. Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: 1:6000-scale vertical-incidence aerial photographs were taken. Standard digital photogrammetric methods were used to produce oriented aerial photographs. These photographs were viewed and digitized using the Leica StereoAnalyst plug in to ArcMap 9.1.1. The vendor (Aeromap, now Aerometrix, Inc., Anchorage, Alaska) inferred the absolute accuracy of a position on a stereo pair is within 1 m. This figure appears qualitatively correct when locations are compared to known points. Points were digitized along features an average of 4.3 m apart, with a standard deviation of 8.4 m. Logical_Consistency_Report: ESRI personal geodatabase DFrupture.mdb contains three feature classes. The "DFlines" feature class contains lines related to mapping the 2002 surface rupture of the 2 November 2002, M7.9 Denali fault earthquake, and related features. Related features are landslides generated during the 2002 earthquake, sackungen that formed in the 2002 earthquake, and the unruptured in 2002 eastern Denali fault trace near the transfer zone between the Denali and Totschunda faults. Completeness_Report: This geodatabase can be used to display a map of the M7.9 2002 Denali fault earthquake surface rupture. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Users of this digital geologic map should respect the intentions of the original mappers and the limitations of the map. This map compilation is intended to be used at a scale of 1:500. It is not intended to be used at a more detailed scale. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: In the "DFlines" feature class of the geodatabase, lines were digitized in three dimensions. In the feature class, the relative accuracy between adjacent digitized data points is likely within 1 m. The absolute accuracy of points was not evaluated, but is likely within 5 m. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: 1:6000-scale vertical-incidence aerial photographs were taken. Standard digital photogrammetric methods were used to produce oriented aerial photographs. These photographs were viewed and digitized using the Leica StereoAnalyst plug in to ArcMap 9.1.1. The vendor (Aeromap, now Aerometrix, Inc., Anchorage, Alaska) inferred the absolute accuracy of a position on a stereo pair is within 1 m. This figure appears qualitatively correct when locations are compared to known points. Points were digitized along features an average of 4.3 m apart, with a standard deviation of 8.4 m. Process_Date: 2003 to 2009 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Peter Haeussler Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 4200 University Drive City: Anchorage State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99508-4667 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7447 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pheuslr@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 6 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -147 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.009944 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.009944 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: DFlines Entity_Type_Definition: The DFlines feature class in the geodatabase DFrupture.mdb consists of these fields: SHORTLINENAME, linetype. Linetype is a more verbose description of SHORTLINENAME. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: This dataset Attribute: Attribute_Label: SHORTLINENAME Attribute_Definition: SHORTLINENAME is a text field, length can be 255 characters. SHORTLINENAME identifies a line identified in this dataset. These lines are either types of fault scarps, sackungen, or landslides. SHORTLINENAME is described more fully by linetype and also in the text related to this report. Attribute_Definition_Source: This dataset Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, certain, accurate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture, identity and existence certain, location accurate Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, certain, accurate, displacement Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture, identity and existence certain, location accurate, hachures point downscarp, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, certain, approx Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture, identity and existence certain, location approximate Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, certain, approx, displacement Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture, identity and existence certain, location approximate, hachures point downscarp, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, certain, located by GPS Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture, identity and existence certain, location is approximate because rupture trace located by handheld GPS Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, questionable, accurate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture, identity or existence questionable, location accurate Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, questionable, accurate, displacement Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture, identity or existence questionable, location accurate, hachures point downscarp, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, questionable, approx Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture, identity or existence questionable, location approximate Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: normal scarp, certain, accurate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: normal fault scarp, 2002 rupture, identity and existence certain, location accurate, hachures point downscarp, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: thrust scarp, certain, accurate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: thrust fault scarp, 2002 rupture, identity and existence certain, location accurate, teeth point toward the hanging wall, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: thrust scarp, certain, approx Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: thrust fault scarp, 2002 rupture, identity and existence certain, location approximate, teeth point toward the hanging wall, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: thrust scarp, on glacier, certain, accurate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: thrust fault scarp, 2002 rupture on glacier ice, identity and existence certain, location accurate, teeth point toward the hanging wall, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: thrust scarp, on glacier, certain, approx Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: thrust fault scarp, 2002 rupture on glacier ice, identity and existence certain, location approximate, teeth point toward the hanging wall, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: thrust scarp, on glacier, questionable, accurate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: thrust fault scarp, 2002 rupture on glacier ice, identity or existence questionable, location accurate, teeth point toward the hanging wall, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: thrust scarp, on glacier, questionable, approx Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: thrust fault scarp, 2002 rupture on glacier ice, identity or existence questionable, location approximate, teeth point toward the hanging wall, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: thrust scarp, questionable, accurate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: thrust fault scarp, 2002 rupture, identity or existence questionable, location accurate, teeth point toward the hanging wall, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, on glacier, certain, accurate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture on glacier ice, identity and existence certain, location accurate Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, on glacier, certain, accurate, displacement Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture on glacier ice, identity and existence certain, location accurate, hatchures point downscarp, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, on glacier, certain, approx Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture on glacier ice, identity and existence certain, location approximate Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, on glacier, certain, approx, displacement Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture on glacier ice, identity and existence certain, location approximate, hachures point downscarp, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, on glacier, certain, located by GPS Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture on glacier ice, identity and existence certain, location approximately located by GPS waypoints taken in an aircraft Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, on glacier, contractional pop up, certain, accurate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: contractional pop up structure, 2002 rupture on glacier ice, identity and existence certain, location accurate Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, on glacier, contractional pop up, certain, approx Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: contractional pop up structure, 2002 rupture on glacier ice, identity and existence certain, location approximate Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, on glacier, questionable, accurate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture on glacier ice, identity or existence questionable, location accurate Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, on glacier, questionable, accurate, displacement Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture on glacier ice, identity or existence questionable, location accurate, hachures point downscarp Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, on glacier, questionable, approx Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, 2002 rupture on glacier ice, identity or existence questionable, location approximate Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: landslide scarp, certain, accurate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: landslide scarp, 2002, identity and existence certain, location accurate, hachures lie on the side of the landslide, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: landslide scarp, certain, approx Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: landslide scarp, 2002, identity and existence certain, location approximate, hachures lie on the side of the landslide, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: landslide toe, downslope to left Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: landslide toe, downslope to left, 2002 slide, existence and identity certain, location accurate Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: sackung scarp, certain, accurate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: sackung scarp, 2002, identity and existence certain, location accurate, hachures point downscarp (uphill), which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: sackung scarp, certain, approx Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: sackung scarp, 2002, identity and existence certain, location approximate, hachures point downscarp (uphill), which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: sackung scarp, questionable, accurate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: sackung scarp, 2002, identity or existence questionable, location accurate, hachures point downscarp (uphill), which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, no 2002, certain, accurate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, no 2002 rupture, identity and existence certain, location accurate Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, no 2002, certain, accurate, displacement Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, no 2002 rupture, identity and existence certain, location accurate, hachures point downscarp, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, no 2002, certain, approx Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, no 2002 rupture, identity and existence certain, location approximate, which is to the right in the direction digitized Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, no 2002, questionable, accurate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, no 2002 rupture, identity or existence questionable, location accurate Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: scarp, no 2002, questionable, approx Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: fault scarp, no 2002 rupture, identity or existence questionable, location approximate Distribution_Information: Resource_Description: Data Series 422 Distribution_Liability: Although this data has been used by the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data, software, or related materials. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Data Series 422 Format_Version_Number: 1.0 Format_Version_Date: 2009128 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/422/ Fees: none Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 2009128 Metadata_Review_Date: 2009128 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Peter Haeussler Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 4200 University Drive City: Anchorage State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99508-4667 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7447 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pheuslr@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998