Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Ellen A. Raabe Originator: Laura C. Roy Originator: Carole C. McIvor Originator: Andrew Gleim Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Digital Recovery of 19th Century Surveys in Tampa Bay, Florida: Topographic Charts and Public Land Surveys Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Data Series Issue_Identification: 727 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/727/ Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Ellen A. Raabe Originator: Laura C. Roy Originator: Carole C. McIvor Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Tampa Bay Coastal Wetlands: Nineteenth to Twentieth Century Tidal Marsh-to-Mangrove Conversion Edition: 35(5): 1145-1162 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Berlin, Germany Publisher: Estuaries and Coasts (Springer) Other_Citation_Details: Raabe, Ellen A., Roy, Laura C., and McIvor, Carole C., 2012, Tampa Bay coastal wetlands: Nineteenth to twentieth century tidal marsh-to-mangrove conversion, Estuaries and Coasts, 35(5): 1145-1162 Online_Linkage: DOI: 10.1007/s12237-012-9503-1 Description: Abstract: Historic geographic data for the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Tampa Bay Study were prepared from U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey (USCGS) historic topographic charts (T-sheets) and Public Land Survey System (PLSS) field notes, overseen by the General Land Office. Historic data for four study areas, Terra Ceia, Alafia River, Feather Sound, and Old Tampa Bay were converted to digital geographic format. Four datasets were prepared by the USGS from these sources: (1) georectified raster images of 1870s T-sheets, (2) polygons digitized along historic boundaries on 4 T-sheets delineating marine, intertidal, and terrestrial habitats, (3) line and point features digitized from PLS notes and measurements, depicting landscape characteristics and witness trees along Township and Range lines (1842-1858), and (4) regional historic maps in digital image format. The raster images and vector data document historic coastal conditions in Tampa Bay, depicting the coastal landscape as it appeared in the mid-1800s. Users of the data should be aware that the data reflect survey methods and perspectives from the 19th century. The shoreline and other features may have changed in the intervening years. This data series includes two regional historic maps: (1) a georectified 1:80,000-scale T-sheet of the entire Tampa Bay, compiled in 1879 (T177), and (2) a four-tile mosaic of Florida's west coast during the 19th century, from Wakulla to Manatee County. Purpose: Members of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Tampa Bay Study Wetlands Task converted historic geographic data to digital formats for use in change analysis. The USGS evaluated and quantified long-term change (greater than 100 years) using generalized categories from digitized historic coastal features (Yates and others, 2011; Raabe and others, 2012). Historic to modern assessments incorporate data from different sources and time periods to understand landscape change and the impact of natural processes and human activities on coastal ecosystems. Recovery of historic data to a digital setting responds to the need for data integration through time, bridging technical gaps and differences. Supplemental_Information: The Public Land Surveys (PLS) data includes shapefiles for section lines, bearing-tree lines, bearing-tree points, and section stopping-points interpreted from PLS section notes and measurements recorded 1843 - 1858. Original PLS survey notes, plats, and diagrams were prepared in the 19th century under the United States Treasury Department, General Land Office, created in 1812. The ongoing surveys were transferred to the Interior Department in 1849. Today the General Land Office (GLO) is part of the Bureau of Land Management within the Department of the Interior. A township (T) and range (R) is approximately 36 square miles and is subdivided into 36 sections, each approximately one square mile. A section line is one of four (east, west, north and south) 1-mile boundaries of a section within a surveyed township. The field notes describe actions and observations recorded by the surveyors. Historic land surveys were conducted using chains (20 m or 66 feet), each composed of 100 links. Historic measurements were converted to meters. Historic section line descriptions were digitized in shapefiles called "sectlines". Each stopping point along a section line, where the surveyor described a feature, was digitized as a "stoppoint". The historic angle and length for bearing tree locations were converted to digital shapefiles called "treebrng". Historic bearing, or witness, trees recorded by the surveyors at 0.5 and 1 mile marks were converted to point shapefiles called "trees". In other parts of the country PLS surveys recorded up to four witness trees by species at each section corner, and measured tree diameter at breast height (dbh). However, the surveys in Tampa Bay recorded only two witness trees per corner, documented trees with common names, and did not include dbh. Scanned PLS field notes were downloaded from LABINS (Land Boundary Information System; http://data.labins.org/2003/), interpreted by USGS, converted to meters, and digitized as point and vector files. Shapefiles for each study area are generally organized by Township and Range, combining multiple survey years. PLS notes along Old Tampa Bay (west), that extend beyond the study area boundaries, were also digitized and are included in the PLS data. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1843 Ending_Date: 1858 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.680260 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.361570 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 28.040700 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 27.513300 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115: Topic Categories Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: General Land Office Theme_Keyword: Public Land Survey Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Place_Keyword: Tampa Bay Place_Keyword: Terra Ceia Bay Place_Keyword: Alafia River Place_Keyword: Old Tampa Bay Place_Keyword: Feather Sound Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: Oregon Metadata Keyword Thesaurus (GEO) Stratum_Keyword: estuarine Stratum_Keyword: intertidal Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: Oregon Metadata Keyword Thesaurus (GEO) Temporal_Keyword: pre-settlement Temporal_Keyword: 19th century Temporal_Keyword: historic Access_Constraints: None. See Distribution Liability Use_Constraints: Public data. No constraints. Read Distribution Liability Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Ellen Raabe Contact_Position: Physical Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 Fourth Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 803-8747 ext. 3039 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: eraabe@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: images/studyareas.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Map of Tampa Bay study sites Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcMap 9.1 and 10, shapefiles (.shp) by Township and Range and study site; total 740 kilobytes Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: E.A. Raabe Originator: A.E. Streck Originator: R.P. Stumpf Publication_Date: 2004 Title: Historic topographic sheets to satellite imagery: A methodology for evaluating coastal change in Florida's Big Bend tidal marsh Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 02-211 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-211/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: K.K. Yates Originator: H. Greening Originator: G. Morrison Publication_Date: 2011 Title: Integrating science and resource management in Tampa Bay, Florida Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Circular Issue_Identification: 1348 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida Publisher: USGS Other_Citation_Details: Yates, K.K., Greening, H., and Morrison, G., eds., 2011, Integrating science and resource management in Tampa Bay, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1348 Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1348/ Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Renee Koenig Originator: K.K. Yates Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Gulf of Mexico Integrated Science: Tampa Bay Study (website) Edition: last accessed 08/21/2012 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida Publisher: USGS Online_Linkage: http://gulfsci.usgs.gov/tampabay/ Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Basic vector attributes were generated automatically while descriptive and distance attributes were derived from the original surveyors handwriting and abbreviations in Public Land Survey notes. Interpretations were reviewed by a team to ensure consistency and located via overlay on statewide PLSS section lines. Logical_Consistency_Report: Locations, distance, direction, and length were converted from chains or links in the field notes into meters and were digitized in a GIS along standard PLSS (Township and Range section lines). Completeness_Report: Not every section corner had a bearing tree, especially when the corner was in water. Not every modern township line was surveyed historically because of land use and natural landscape changes. If the same township or section was surveyed in more than one year, the most recent of the historical surveys was used. Some section lines going east-west are shorter than 1 mile and some section lines going north-south are longer than 1 mile. In these instances, the distances between segment points were adjusted in proportion to the modern day section lines. For sections that contained coastline, the survey notes were not altered in length in an effort to accurately depict the historic coast. If notes indicated that the surveyor "fell" a number of links (fell short of an existing post), the digitized transect lines were not drawn to reflect this. They were proportioned to fit the modern PLS lines. If the direction of the bearing trees was not a whole degree (that is, 252.5), then it was rounded up (that is, 253). No historical PLS data exist for Rattlesnake Key. Feather Sound survey notes on page 100 and continued on page 102 ended at the coast. The surveyor drew a line southeast 108 degrees for 168 m to continue running south. This was corrected a little southeast to get back on track with the modern section line and the half mile post. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Position along Township section lines based on historic notes in chains and links and converted to meters. When necessary, measurements adjusted as a proportion of modern section-line length. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Public Land System Survey, General Land Office Publication_Date: 1840-1860 Title: General Land Office Field Notes and Plats, referred to throughout as Public Land Surveys (PLS) Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Scanned field survey notebook pages Series_Information: Series_Name: Field survey notebooks Issue_Identification: Public land surveys Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Tallahassee, Florida Publisher: LABINS (Land Boundary Information System), The Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Division of State Lands, Bureau of Survey and Mapping, http://data.labins.org/2003/surveydata/landrecords/landrecords.cfm Type_of_Source_Media: scanned field notes Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1843 Ending_Date: 1858 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: PLS Source_Contribution: Handwritten notes and measurements formed the basis of this dataset. Township and range, year, volume and page numbers by study area: Feather Sound: T29R16, 1844, volume 122, pages 72-77, 83, 96-104, 110-111, 242-244, 250-253; T30R16, 1845, volume 109, pages 6-11, 17-22, 32-33; T30R16, 1848, volume 141, pages 272, 273, 289-291, 297, 299-303, 308; T30R17, 1848, volume 142, pages 314-327. Upper Old Tampa Bay: T28R16, 1844, volume 122, pages 34-37, 55-61, 237-238; T29R16, 1844, volume 122, pages 71-72, 78, 80-82, 86-88, 90, 92-93, 95; T28R17, 1844, volume 122, pages 224-225; T28R17, 1852, volume 100, pages 3-7, 11-2, 17-8, 43, 49, 55, 61-63; T29R17, 1852, volume 100, pages 81-83, 85, 89-93. Alafia River: T30R19, 1843, volume 80, pages 128-130;T30R19, 1852, volume 102, pages 166-168, 172-173, 180-184, 186-188, T31R19, 1847, volume 79, pages 676-678, 682-684, 688-690, 697-707. Terra Ceia: T33R17, 1843, volume 77, page 291; T33R18, 1843, volume 77, pages 279-284, 290; T34R17, 1843, volume 89, pages 26, 30-32, 34-38, 40; T32R18, 1846, volume 82, pages 192, 211-212, 217-218; T33R17, 1846, volume 68, pages 367-381;T33R17, 1858, volume 237, pages 1-8. Survey notes around western Old Tampa Bay, that extend beyond study area bounds, were also digitized and included in this publication. Notes interpreted and converted include distances along 1-mile section lines in chains and links to meters, descriptions of stopping points, where surveyors crossed or circumnavigated landscape features, 0.5 mile and 1-mile posts, bearing trees, and lines/angles to the bearing trees. Notes also included land rating (1st, 2nd or 3rd regarding production potential) and major land cover, for example 3rd-rate pine and palmetto. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Florida Geographic Data Library (FGDL) Publication_Date: 2003 Title: Florida Public Land Survey System - Section Level - Statewide (PLSS) Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Gainesville, Florida Publisher: University of Florida GeoPlan Center Online_Linkage: http://www.fgdl.org/metadataexplorer/explorer.jsp Type_of_Source_Media: shapefile Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2003 Source_Currentness_Reference: current Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Section lines Source_Contribution: Florida Public Land Survey System - section line (PLSS) shapefile served as basis for migrating handwritten notes to digital geographic format along 1-mile sections. Historic survey features, direction, and distances were digitized over the PLSS section lines. Process_Step: Process_Description: Scanned notebook pages downloaded, chains and links converted to meters, and old handwriting deciphered and interpreted. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: PLS Process_Date: 2003-2004 Process_Step: Process_Description: Field note information digitized in four types of shapefiles by Township and Range designation and by study site: (1) Stopping points in a point file with description interpreted from surveyor notes (TXXRXX_stoppoints_YYYY_studysite), (2) Section lines in a polyline file delineating distances in meters between posts, stopping points, and bearing trees (TXXRXX_sectlines_YYYY_studysite), (3) Location of bearing trees in a point file with surveyors description (TXXRXX_trees_YYYY_studysite), and (4) Bearing tree-lines in polyline files depicting the length and angle of the line from the post to each tree (TXXRXX_treebrng_YYYY_studysite) Distances for section lines and the angle and distance for the bearing tree lines were converted from chains and links into meters. 100 links = 1 chain = 20 meters. The map was set to use the North Azimuth direction using Degrees, Minutes, Seconds for the units. All point and line features were digitized according to survey notes using a modern section line shapefile from FGDL for boundary guidelines and the snapping environment. Shapefiles were created for (1) section lines, (2) stopping points along section lines, (3) lines to bearing trees, and (4) bearing-tree points for each page of data used. Fields were added in the attribute tables of the stopping point and section line shapefiles for page numbers and descriptions derived from the survey notes. A field was added in the attribute table of the bearing-tree shapefile for the name of the bearing tree recorded by the original surveyor. Process_Date: 2005-2006 Process_Step: Process_Description: Where needed, shapefiles were merged (ArcTools) to include multi-year surveys of Township and Range lines. Reproject vector data to NAD 1983 HARN Florida GDL Albers using Projection and Transformation ArcTools. Prepared shapefiles with layer files for display with ERDAS software. Process_Date: 2011 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Map_Projection: Map_Projection_Name: NAD 1983 HARN Florida GDL Albers Albers_Conical_Equal_Area: Standard_Parallel: 24.0 Standard_Parallel: 31.5 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -84.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 24.0 False_Easting: 400000.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000000004429812072714868 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000000004429812072714868 Planar_Distance_Units: Meter Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D North American 1983 HARN Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Feature Class (TXXRXX_sectlines_YYYY_studysite.shp, TXXRXX_trees_YYYY_studysite.shp, TXXRXX_treebrng_YYYY_studysite.shp, TXXRXX_stoppoints_YYYY_studysite.shp) Entity_Type_Definition: digitized survey notes: attributes for all PLS file-types: trees, treebrng, stoppoints, and sectlines Entity_Type_Definition_Source: scanned Public Land Survey documents Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Page Attribute_Definition: document page number Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Integer indicating page number from surveyor field notebook Attribute: Attribute_Label: descrip Attribute_Definition: transcription of historic text Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS as interpreted from PLS notes Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: text transcription of surveyor notes Attribute: Attribute_Label: tree Attribute_Definition: name of tree or post Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS as interpreted from PLS notes Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: text transcription of tree name from surveyor notes Attribute: Attribute_Label: ID Attribute_Definition: feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The dataset consists of a total of 52 shapefiles using a standard naming convention, where TXX is the Township number; RXX is the range number; sectlines = section line data, stoppoints = stopping points, treebrng = bearing tree direction lines, trees = points depicting the bearing, or witness, tree locations; YYYY = four digit year (if two YYYY = time range); studysite = Tampa Bay study location where alafiariver =Alafia River, OldTB = Old Tampa Bay, terraceia = Terra Ceia, and feathersound = Feather Sound. The dataset includes 13 of each shapefile-type. For example; T30R19_stoppoints_1843_1852_alafiariver.shp is stopping point data for Township 30 Range 19 from 1843-1852 survey notes for the Alafia River study area. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Digitized PLS notes Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Ellen Raabe Contact_Position: Physical Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Phsyical and mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727)803-8747 ext. 3039 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: eraabe@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the accuracy or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. It is recommended that these data be acquired directly from a USGS server and not indirectly through other sources, which may have altered the data in some way. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ESRI ArcMap shapefiles Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 10.0 Format_Version_Date: 2010 Format_Information_Content: digitized Public Land Surveys (TXXRXX_sectlines_YYYY_studysite.shp, TXXRXX_trees_YYYY_studysite.shp, TXXRXX_treebrng_YYYY_studysite.shp, TXXRXX_stoppoints_YYYY_studysite.shp) File_Decompression_Technique: none Transfer_Size: 740 kilobytes Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: Downloadable_Data/Digitzed_PLS_notes/ Fees: none Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20120604 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: Physical and mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 803-8747 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Access_Constraints: There are no access limitations on acquiring the metadata document. Metadata can be accessed through the U.S. Geological Survey website or the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata clearinghouse. Metadata_Use_Constraints: Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey as the metadata source would be appreciated. Please cite the original metadata when using portions of the record to create a similar record for slightly altered data for reprojection or subsetting.