Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: B. Dieter Originator: H.G. Greene Originator: C.A. Endris Originator: Center for Habitat Studies, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories Publication_Date: 2014 Title: Habitat--Offshore of Bolinas, California Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Guy R. Cochrane Originator: Peter Dartnell Originator: Samuel Y. Johnson Originator: H. Gary Greene Originator: Mercedes D. Erdey Originator: Nadine E. Golden Originator: Stephen R. Hartwell Originator: Michael W. Mansion Originator: Ray W. Sliter Originator: Charles A. Endris Originator: Janet T. Watt Originator: Stephanie L. Ross Originator: Rikk G. Kvitek Originator: Eleyne L. Phillips Originator: Terry R. Bruns Originator: John L. Chin Publication_Date: 2015 Title: California State Waters Map Series--Offshore of Bolinas Map Area, California Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: OFR 2015-1135 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151135 Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1135/ Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Nadine E. Golden Publication_Date: 2013 Title: California State Waters Map Series Data Catalog Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database Series_Information: Series_Name: Data Series Issue_Identification: DS 781 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/ Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/arcgis/rest/services/Catalog/5556cd65e4b0a92fa7e9cfbd/MapServer Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/arcgis/services/Catalog/5556cd65e4b0a92fa7e9cfbd/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS Description: Abstract: This part of DS 781 presents data for the habitat map of the seafloor of the Offshore of Bolinas map area, California. The vector data file is included in "Habitat_Bolinas.zip," which is accessible from http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/OffshoreBolinas/data_catalog_OffshoreBolinas.html. Using multibeam echosounder (MBES) bathymetry and backscatter data, potential marine benthic habitat maps were constructed. The habitats were based on substrate types and documented or "ground truthed" using underwater video images and seafloor samples obtained by the USGS. These maps display various habitat types that range from flat, soft, unconsolidated sediment-covered seafloor to hard, deformed (folded), or highly rugose and differentially eroded bedrock exposures. Rugged, high-relief, rocky outcrops that have been eroded to form ledges and small caves are ideal habitat for rockfish (Sebastes spp.) and other bottom fish such as lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus). Habitat map is presented in a map format generated in a GIS (ArcMap), and both digital and hard-copy versions will be produced. Purpose: This work is one of nine potential marine benthic habitat maps characterized after Greene and others (1999, 2007). These maps will be interpreted from MBES data collected by the CSMP along the coast of central California. Supplemental_Information: Data used for the creation of the potential marine benthic habitat interpretation consists of multibeam bathymetry, acoustic backscatter, sediment samples, camera-sled imagery, and existing geologic and seafloor interpretive maps. All data were compiled and displayed for interpretation using ESRI ArcGIS software, ArcMap v.10.0. The process consists of editing a shapefile within ArcMap, beginning with the construction of polygons to delineate benthic features. A benthic feature is an area with common characteristics which can be characterized as a single potential habitat type. The boundaries and extents of these features were determined from the bathymetric data. In general, interpretations were made at scales between 1:2,000 and 1:5,000. The USGS kindly provided the Center for Habitat Studies with a geodatabase consisting of feature datasets delineating geologic features and attributes for offshore Bolinas. Some of the delineated polygons were preserved as part of the potential marine benthic habitat characterization. However, the Greene and others (2007) code was used in attributing the dataset and additional polygons were added using the methods outlined below. High-resolution multibeam sonar data in the form of bathymetric depth grids (seafloor digital elevation models, referred to as the "bathymetry") were the primary data used in the interpretation of potential habitat types. Shaded-relief imagery ("hillshade") allows for visualization of the terrain and interpretation of submarine landforms. On the basis of these hillshades, areas of rock were identified by their often sharply defined edges and high relative relief; these may be contiguous outcrops, isolated parts of outcrop protruding through sediment cover (pinnacles), or isolated boulders. Although these types of features can be confidently characterized as exposed rock, it is not uncommon to find areas within or around the rocky feature that appear to be covered by a thin veneer of sediment. These areas are identified as "mixed" induration, containing both rock and sediment. Broad areas of the seafloor lacking sharp and angular characteristics are considered to be sediment. Sedimentary features may contain erosional or depositional characteristics recognizable in the bathymetry, such as dynamic bedforms (dunes or sand waves). General morphologic features such as scours, mounds, and depressions were also identified using the hillshade imagery. The combination of acoustic backscatter data and "ground truthed" sediment samples were used to delineate seafloor sediment types within areas identified as "soft (s)" induration. Initially, ground truth data, in the form of grab sample descriptions and average grain size measurements, were categorized into four grain-size categories: mud (m), muddy sand (s/m), sand (s), and sandy gravel (s/g). Backscatter data was then classified into four intensity categories (low, med, high, very high) that are assumed to correspond to relative grain sizes. The aim was to develop an intensity classification of the seafloor that correlated with the data collected from the sediment samples. Thus, the combination of remotely observed data (acoustic backscatter) and directly observed data (sediment grab samples) translates to higher confidence in our ability to interpret broad areas of the seafloor. Nonetheless, we caution against using our sediment type interpretations as anything more than "best-guess" because of the following issues: characterization of contiguous sediment bodies is a difficult procedure because even small areas can exhibit a wide spectrum of backscatter-intensity values that lack distinct boundaries; backscatter intensity can be affected by depth, vegetation, water column conditions, and seafloor relief; and directly observed sediment data, in the form of sediment samples, represents a very small area relative to remotely observed data, requiring broad areas of interpolation. Please refer to Greene and others (2007) for more information regarding the Benthic Marine Potential Habitat Classification Scheme and the codes used to represent various seafloor features. References Cited: Greene, H.G., Bizzarro, J.J., O'Connell, V.M., and Brylinsky, C.K., 2007, Construction of digital potential marine benthic habitat maps using a coded classification scheme and its application, in Todd, B.J., and Greene, H.G., eds., Mapping the seafloor for habitat characterization: Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 47, p. 141-155. Greene, H.G., Yoklavich, M.M., Starr, R.M., O'Connell, V.M., Wakefield, W.W., Sullivan, D.E., McRea, J.E., Jr., and Cailliet, G.M., 1999, A classification scheme for deep seafloor habitats: Oceanologica Acta, v. 22, no. 6, p. 663-678. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2013 Currentness_Reference: Publication Date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: none planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.78 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.58 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.95 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.81 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Theme_Keyword: Oceans > Bathymetry/SeafloorTopography > Bathymetry Theme_Keyword: Oceans > Bathymetry/SeafloorTopography > Seafloor Topography Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Pacific Ocean Place_Keyword: State of California Place_Keyword: Bolinas Place_Keyword: Marin County Place_Keyword: Stinson Beach Place_Keyword: Bolinas Lagoon Access_Constraints: If physical samples or materials are available, constraints on their on-site access are described in "WR CMG Sample Distribution Policy" at URL: http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/programs/html/main/sample-dist-policy.html Use_Constraints: This information is not intended for navigational purposes. Read and fully comprehend the metadata prior to data use. Uses of these data should not violate the spatial resolution of the data. Where these data are used in combination with other data of different resolution, the resolution of the combined output will be limited by the lowest resolution of all the data. Acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey in products derived from these data. Share data products developed using these data with the U.S. Geological Survey and California State University, Monterey Bay. This database has been approved for release and publication by the Director of the USGS. Although this database has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document these data in nonproprietary form, as well as in ArcInfo format, this metadata file may include some ArcInfo-specific terminology. USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain. Acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey and California State University, Monterey Bay, Seafloor Mapping Lab in products derived from these data. Share data products developed using these data with the U.S. Geological Survey. This information is not intended for navigational purposes. Read and fully comprehend the metadata prior to data use. Uses of these data should not violate the spatial resolution of the data. Where these data are used in combination with other data of different resolution, the resolution of the combined output will be limited by the lowest resolution of all the data. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document these data in nonproprietary form, as well as in ArcInfo format, this metadata file may include some ArcInfo-specific terminology. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Center for Habitat Studies, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories Contact_Person: H. Gary Greene Contact_Position: Geologist/Principal Investigator Contact_Address: Address_Type: physical address Address: Center for Habitat Studies City: Moss Landing Marine Labs State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95039 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 771-4141 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (831) 633-7264 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: greene@mlml.calstate.edu Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcGIS 10.0.3.3600 Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Benthic habitat offshore Bolinas. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: Map elements were visually checked for overshoots, undershoots, duplicate features, polygon closure, and other errors by the lead authors and by the GIS technician(s) who created the digital database. Review drafts of the map were reviewed internally by at least two other geologists for consistency with basic geologic principles and general conformity to USGS mapping standards. Completeness_Report: Contact authors for information about omissions, selection criteria, generalization, definitions used, and other rules used to derive the data set. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Interpretation and polygon delineation of habitats performed at scales from 1:2000 to 1:5000 Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Interpretation and polygon delineation of habitats performed at scales from 1:2000 to 1:5000. Process_Date: 2013 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: GT-polygon composed of chains Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 963 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Map_Projection: Map_Projection_Name: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 10N Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -123.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.0001 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.0001 Planar_Distance_Units: Meter Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D WGS 1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Habitat_OffshoreBolinas Entity_Type_Definition: Polygons representing habitat map units Entity_Type_Definition_Source: This report Attribute: Attribute_Label: OBJECTID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Hab_Code Attribute_Definition: Habitat code Attribute_Definition_Source: Center for Habitat Studies, Greene and others (1999, 2007) Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Names are in text form, maximum length: 20 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Hab_Type Attribute_Definition: Habitat type Attribute_Definition_Source: Center for Habitat Studies, Greene and others (1999, 2007) Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Names are in text form, maximum length: 50 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mega_ID Attribute_Definition: Megahabitat ID code Attribute_Definition_Source: Center for Habitat Studies, Greene and others (1999, 2007) Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Names are in text form, maximum length: 10 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mega Attribute_Definition: Megahabitat description Attribute_Definition_Source: Center for Habitat Studies, Greene and others (1999, 2007) Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Names are in text form, maximum length: 35 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ind_ID Attribute_Definition: Seafloor induration ID code Attribute_Definition_Source: Center for Habitat Studies, Greene and others (1999, 2007) Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Names are in text form, maximum length: 15 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ind Attribute_Definition: Seafloor induration description Attribute_Definition_Source: Center for Habitat Studies, Greene and others (1999, 2007) Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Names are in text form, maximum length: 35 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sed_ID Attribute_Definition: Sediment ID code Attribute_Definition_Source: Center for Habitat Studies, Greene and others (1999, 2007) Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Names are in text form, maximum length: 15 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sed Attribute_Definition: Sediment description Attribute_Definition_Source: Center for Habitat Studies, Greene and others (1999, 2007) Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Names are in text form, maximum length: 35 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mes_Mac_ID Attribute_Definition: Meso/Macro-habitat ID code Attribute_Definition_Source: Center for Habitat Studies, Greene and others (1999, 2007) Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Names are in text form, maximum length: 35 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mes_Mac Attribute_Definition: Meso/Macro-habitat description Attribute_Definition_Source: Center for Habitat Studies, Greene and others (1999, 2007) Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Names are in text form, maximum length: 50 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mod_ID Attribute_Definition: Habitat modifier ID code Attribute_Definition_Source: Center for Habitat Studies, Greene and others (1999, 2007) Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Names are in text form, maximum length: 35 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mod Attribute_Definition: Habitat modifier description Attribute_Definition_Source: Center for Habitat Studies, Greene and others (1999, 2007) Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Names are in text form, maximum length: 50 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Slope_ID Attribute_Definition: Slope modifier ID code Attribute_Definition_Source: Center for Habitat Studies, Greene and others (1999, 2007) Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Names are in text form, maximum length: 5 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Slope Attribute_Definition: Slope description Attribute_Definition_Source: Center for Habitat Studies, Greene and others (1999, 2007) Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Names are in text form, maximum length: 35 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Area_m Attribute_Definition: Polygon area in meters Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Calculate Geometry (Area in square meters) tool Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 24.671913 Range_Domain_Maximum: 51462817.2359 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Float values in square meters Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 345 Middlefield Rd City: Menlo Park State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 94025-3561 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (650) 329-4309 Distribution_Liability: These databases, identified as bathymetry and shaded-relief maps of Offshore Bolinas map area, California have been approved for release and publication by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Although these databases have been subjected to rigorous review and are substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. These data are not intended for navigational use. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: SHP Format_Version_Number: ArcMap (version 10.0, ESRI , 2011) Format_Specification: Point, line, and polygon features are in shapefile format and are projected in UTM Zone 10 coordinates, with datum WGS84. Format_Information_Content: The .zip file for a shapefile includes the .aux, .dbf, .shp, .shx, .sbx, and .sbn files, as well as the text (.txt) and XML (.shp.xml) versions of the metadata for the Habitat data layer of Offshore Bolinas, California. File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip Transfer_Size: 1.6 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/OffshoreBolinas/data/Habitat_OffshoreBolinas.zip Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/ Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded via the World Wide Web (WWW) Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: The downloadable data file has been compressed with the "zip" command and can be unzipped with Winzip (or other tool) on Windows systems. To utilize these data, the user must have software capable of uncompressing the WinZip file and importing and viewing an Esri ArcMap SHP. Users should download the ArcGIS Project File, OffshoreBolinasGIS.mxd.zip, a compressed (with the "zip" command) version of the ArcMap document (.mxd) that has all the data layers loaded in the table of contents for "Offshore Bolinas" and has all the data symbolized as on the OFR map sheets. Download and save this ArcGIS project file, including all data layers, to the directory the user has created for this GIS. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20130708 Metadata_Review_Date: 20140908 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Center for Habitat Studies, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories Contact_Person: Charlie Endris Contact_Position: Geologist/GIS Analyst Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 8272 Moss Landing Rd. Address: Center for Habitat Studies, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories City: Moss Landing State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95039 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-771-4141 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-633-7264 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cendris@mlml.calstate.edu Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998