Backscatter B [USGS]--Offshore of Carpinteria, California

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Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Peter Dartnell
Originator: Rikk G. Kvitek
Originator: Eleyne L. Phillips
Originator: Guy R. Cochrane
Publication_Date: 2013
Title: Backscatter B [USGS]--Offshore of Carpinteria, California
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: GeoTiff
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Samuel Y. Johnson
Originator: Peter Dartnell
Originator: Guy R. Cochrane
Originator: Nadine E. Golden
Originator: Eleyne L. Phillips
Originator: Andrew C. Ritchie
Originator: Rikk G. Kvitek
Originator: H. Gary Greene
Originator: Charles A. Endris
Originator: Gordon G. Seitz
Originator: Ray W. Sliter
Originator: Mercedes D. Erdey
Originator: Florence L. Wong
Originator: Carlos I. Gutierrez
Originator: Lisa M. Krigsman
Originator: Amy E. Draut
Originator: Patrick E. Hart
Originator: Susan A. Cochran
Publication_Date: 2013
Title:
California State Waters Map Series--Offshore of Carpinteria, California
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Scientific Investigations Map
Issue_Identification: SIM 3261
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Online_Linkage: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3261/>
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Nadine E. Golden
Publication_Date: 2013
Title: California State Waters Map Series Data Catalog
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Data Series
Issue_Identification: DS 781
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Online_Linkage: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/>

Description:
Abstract:
This part of SIM 3261 presents data for part of the acoustic-backscatter map (see sheet 3, SIM 3261) of the Offshore of Carpinteria map area, California. The raster data file is included in "BackscatterB_USGS_OffshoreCarpinteria.zip" which is accessible from <https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/OffshoreCarpinteria/data_catalog_OffshoreCarpinteria.html>.
The acoustic-backscatter map of the Offshore of Carpinteria map area, California, was generated from backscatter data collected by California State University, Monterey Bay, Seafloor Mapping Lab (CSUMB) and by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). These metadata describe the acoustic-backscatter data collected by the USGS. See "BackscatterA_CSUMB_OffshoreCarpinteria_metadata.txt" metadata for a description of the acoustic-backscatter data collected by CSUMB. The western nearshore area, as well as the western outer shelf area, were mapped by the USGS in 2005 and 2006, using 117-kHz and 234.5-kHz SEA (AP) Ltd. SWATHplus-M phase-differencing sidescan sonars. This mapping mission collected acoustic-backscatter data from about the 10-m isobath to about the 3-nautical-mile limit of California's State Waters. Within the acoustic-backscatter imagery, brighter tones indicate higher backscatter intensity, and darker tones indicate lower backscatter intensity. The intensity represents a complex interaction between the acoustic pulse and the seafloor, as well as characteristics within the shallow subsurface, providing a general indication of seafloor texture and sediment type. Backscatter intensity depends on the acoustic source level; the frequency used to image the seafloor; the grazing angle; the composition and character of the seafloor, including grain size, water content, bulk density, and seafloor roughness; and some biological cover. Harder and rougher bottom types such as rocky outcrops or coarse sediment typically return stronger intensities (high backscatter, lighter tones), whereas softer bottom types such as fine sediment return weaker intensities (low backscatter, darker tones).
Purpose:
These data are intended for science researchers, students, policy makers, and the general public. These data can be used with geographic information systems or other software.

Supplemental_Information:
Information for the related USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center data collection field activities is available online: Z-2-06-SC, at <http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/z/z206sc/html/z-2-06-sc.meta.html>; S-1-05-SC, at <http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/s/s105sc/html/s-1-05-sc.meta.html>; and S-1-08-SC, at <http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/s/s1c08sc/html/s-1c-08-sc.meta.html>.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 2005

Ending_Date: 2006

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -119.63

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -119.43

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.45

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.29

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD)

Theme_Keyword: Oceans > Bathymetry/SeafloorTopography > Bathymetry

Theme_Keyword: Oceans > Bathymetry/SeafloorTopography > Seafloor Topography

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General

Theme_Keyword: Marine Geology

Theme_Keyword: Multibeam

Theme_Keyword: Geology

Theme_Keyword: Bathymetry

Theme_Keyword: Backscatter

Theme_Keyword: Intensity

Theme_Keyword: Ocean Floor Topography

Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey

Theme_Keyword: USGS

Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Theme_Keyword: CSMP

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category

Theme_Keyword: geoscientificinformation

Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover

Theme_Keyword: oceans

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

Place_Keyword: Carpinteria

Place_Keyword: Summerland

Place_Keyword: California

Access_Constraints: None

Use_Constraints:

Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain. This information is not intended for navigational purposes.
Read and fully comprehend the metadata prior to data use. Uses of these data should not violate the spatial resolution of the data.
Where these data are used in combination with other data of different resolution, the resolution of the combined output will be limited by the lowest resolution of all the data.
Acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey in products derived from these data. Share data products developed using these data with the U.S. Geological Survey.
This database has been approved for release and publication by the Director of the USGS. Although this database has been subjected to
rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and
review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any
damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use.
Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document these data in nonproprietary form, as
well as in ArcInfo format, this metadata file may include some ArcInfo-specific terminology.
Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Peter Dartnell

Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey,
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Contact_Position: Physical Scientist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 400 Natural Bridges Dr.

City: Santa Cruz

State_or_Province: CA

Postal_Code: 95060-5792

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 460-7415

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (831) 427-4709

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pdartnell@usgs.gov

Browse_Graphic:

Browse_Graphic_File_Name: <BackscatterB(CSUMB)_OffshoreCarpinteria_forDataCatalog>

Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Acoustic backscatter imagery of offshore Carpinteria.

Browse_Graphic_File_Type: GIF Offshore Carpinteria

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Not applicable for raster data.

Logical_Consistency_Report: Unspecified

Completeness_Report: Complete

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Estimated to be no less than 2 m, owing to total propagated uncertainties of the mapping systems, which include sonar system, position and motion compensation system, and navigation, as well as data processing that includes sounding cleaning, gridding, and datum transformations.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Not applicable

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:
USGS acoustic-backscatter data were collected in 2005 and 2006, using 117-kHz and 234.5-kHz SEA (AP) Ltd. SWATHplus-M phase-differencing sidescan sonars. During the mapping missions, differential GPS (DGPS) data were combined with measurements of vessel motion (heave, pitch, and roll) in a CodaOctopus F180 attitude-and-position system to produce a high-precision vessel-attitude packet. This packet was transmitted to the acquisition software in real time and combined with instantaneous sound-velocity measurements at the transducer head before each ping. The returned samples were projected to the seafloor using a ray-tracing algorithm that works with previously measured sound-velocity profiles. Statistical filters were applied to the raw samples that discriminate the seafloor returns (soundings) from unintended targets in the water column. The data were postprocessed using USGS software (D.P. Finlayson, written commun., 2011) that normalizes for time-varying signal loss and beam-directivity differences. Thus, the raw 16-bit backscatter data were gain-normalized to enhance the backscatter of the SWATHplus system. The resulting normalized-amplitude values were rescaled to 16-bit and gridded into GeoJPEGs using GRID Processor Software, then imported into a GIS, converted to GRIDs, and clipped to the Offshore of Carpinteria map boundary.

Process_Date: 2011

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Pete Dartnell

Contact_Organization:
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Position: Physical Scientist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 400 Natural Bridges Dr.

City: Santa Cruz

State_or_Province: CA

Postal_Code: 95060-5792

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 460-7415

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pdartnell@usgs.gov

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster

Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator

Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 11

Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996

Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.00000

Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.00000

False_Easting: 500000.0

False_Northing: 0.00

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 2.0

Ordinate_Resolution: 2.0

Planar_Distance_Units: Meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: WGS84

Ellipsoid_Name: WGS84

Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.00 meters

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

The USGS 2005 backscatter grid was originally archived as an ESRI grid
with the following attributes: 
Cell size = 2.0
Number of rows = 8958
Number of columns = 8958

Data type = floating point

Boundary
Xmin = 276680
Xmax = 258760
Ymin = 3797180
Ymax = 3815100

Statistics
Minimum value = 0
Maximum value = 1.6
Mean = 0.99
Standard deviation = 0.06

Coordinate system description
Projection  UTM
Zone  11
Datum  WGS84
Units  meter
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:

none
Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

The USGS 2006 backscatter grid was originally archived as an ESRI grid
with the following attributes: 
Cell size = 2.0
Number of rows = 8958
Number of columns = 8958

Data type = floating point

Boundary
Xmin = 276680
Xmax = 258760
Ymin = 3797180
Ymax = 3815100

Statistics
Minimum value = 0
Maximum value = 65535.0
Mean = 29716.27
Standard deviation = 5382.03

Coordinate system description
Projection  UTM
Zone  11
Datum  WGS84
Units  meter
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20130514

Metadata_Review_Date: 20130514

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Peter Dartnell

Contact_Organization:
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Position: Physical Scientist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 400 Natural Bridges Dr.

City: Santa Cruz

State_or_Province: CA

Postal_Code: 95060-5792

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 460-7415

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (831) 427-4709

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pdartnell@usgs.gov

Metadata_Standard_Name:

Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
("CSDGM version 2")
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: universal time





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