Habitat--Offshore of Refugio Beach, California

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Metadata:

Identification_Information
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Spatial_Reference_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: C.A. Endris

Originator: H.G. Greene

Originator: Center for Habitat Studies, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories

Publication_Date: 2015

Title: Habitat--Offshore of Refugio Beach, California

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data

Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Samuel Y. Johnson

Originator: Peter Dartnell

Originator: Guy R. Cochrane

Originator: Nadine E. Golden

Originator: Eleyne L. Phillips

Originator: Andrew C. Ritchie

Originator: Lisa M. Krigsman

Originator: Bryan E. Dieter

Originator: James E. Conrad

Originator: H. Gary Greene

Originator: Gordon G. Seitz

Originator: Charles A. Endris

Originator: Ray W. Sliter

Originator: Florence L. Wong

Originator: Mercedes D. Erdey

Originator: Carlos I. Gutierrez

Originator: Mary M. Yoklavich

Originator: Amy E. Draut

Originator: Patrick E. Hart

Publication_Date: 2015

Title:

California State Waters Map Series--Offshore of Refugio Beach Area, California

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Scientific Investigations Map
Issue_Identification: SIM 3319

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Online_Linkage: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3319/>

Online_Linkage: <https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sim3319>

Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Nadine E. Golden

Publication_Date: 2013

Title: California State Waters Map Series Data Catalog

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Data Series
Issue_Identification: DS 781

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Online_Linkage: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/>

Description:

Abstract:: This part of SIM 3319 presents the habitat map of the seafloor (see sheet 7) offshore of Refugio Beach, California (vector data file is included in "Habitat_RefugioBeach.zip," which is accessible from <https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/OffshoreRefugioBeach/data_catalog_OffshoreRefugioBeach.html>).
Using multibeam echosounder (MBES) bathymetry and backscatter data, potential marine benthic habitat maps were constructed. The habitats were based on substrate types and documented or "ground truthed" using underwater video images and seafloor samples obtained by the USGS. These maps display various habitat types ranging from flat, soft consolidated sediment-covered seafloor to hard, deformed (folded) or highly rugose and differentially eroded bedrock exposures. Rugged, high relief rocky outcrops that have been eroded to form ledges and small caves are ideal habitat for rockfish (Sebastes spp.) and other bottom fish such as lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus). Habitat maps will be presented in a map format generated in a GIS (ArcMap) and both digital and hard copy versions will be produced.
Purpose:: The purpose of this work is to construct nine potential marine benthic habitat maps characterized after Greene et al. (1999, 2007). These habitat maps are constructed in the same manner as the maps completed for phase I of the California Seafloor Mapping Program (CSMP). These maps will be interpreted from MBES data collected by the CSMP in the Santa Barbara Channel area and elsewhere along the coast of central California.
Supplemental_Information:: Data used for the creation of the potential marine benthic habitat interpretation consists of multibeam bathymetry, acoustic backscatter, sediment samples, camera-sled imagery, and existing geologic and seafloor interpretive maps. All data were compiled and displayed for interpretation using ESRI ArcGIS software, ArcMap v.9.3. The process utilizes editing a shapefile within ArcMap, beginning with the construction of polygons to delineate benthic features. A feature is an area with common characteristics which can be characterized as a single potential habitat type. The boundaries and extents of these features were determined from the bathymetric data. Generally, interpretations were made at scales ranging between 1:2,000 and 1:5,000. The USGS kindly provided the Center for Habitat Studies with a geodatabase consisting of feature datasets delineating geologic features and attributes for the Santa Barbara Channel. Some of the delineated polygons were preserved as part of the potential marine benthic habitat characterization. However, the Greene et. al (2007) code was used in attributing the dataset and additional polygons were added using the methods outlined below. High resolution multibeam sonar data in the form of bathymetric depth grids (seafloor digital elevation models, referred to as the "bathymetry") were the primary data used in the interpretation of potential habitat types. Shaded relief imagery ("hillshade") allows for visualization of the terrain and interpretation of submarine landforms. Based on these hillshades, areas of rock were identified by their often sharply defined edges and high relative relief; these may be contiguous outcrops, isolated portions of outcrop protruding through sediment cover (pinnacles), or isolated boulders. Although these types of features can be confidently characterized as exposed rock, it is not uncommon to find areas within or around the rocky feature that appear to be covered by a thin veneer of sediment. These areas are identified as "mixed" induration, containing both rock and sediment. Broad areas of the seafloor lacking sharp and angular characteristics are considered to be sediment. Sedimentary features may contain erosional or depositional characteristics recognizable in the bathymetry, such as dynamic bedforms (dunes or sand waves). General morphologic features such as scours, mounds, and depressions were also identified using the hillshade relief imagery. The combination of acoustic backscatter data and "groundtruthed" sediment samples were used to delineate seafloor sediment types within areas identified as "soft (s)" induration. Initially, groundtruth data, in the form of grab sample descriptions and average grain size measurements, were categorized into four grain-size categories: mud (m), muddy sand (s/m), sand (s), and sandy gravel (s/g). Backscatter data was then classified into four intensity categories (low, med, high, very high) that are assumed to correspond to relative grain sizes. The aim was to develop an intensity classification of the seafloor that correlated with the data collected from the sediment samples. Thus, the combination of remotely observed data (acoustic backscatter) and directly observed data (sediment grab samples) translates to higher confidence in our ability to interpret broad areas of the seafloor. Nonetheless, we caution against using our sediment type interpretations as anything more than "best-guess" due to the following issues: characterization of contiguous sediment bodies is a difficult procedure since even small areas can exhibit a wide spectrum of backscatter intensity values that lack distinct boundaries; backscatter intensity can be affected by depth, vegetation, water column conditions, and seafloor relief; and directly observed sediment data, in the form of sediment samples, represents a very small area relative to remotely observed data, requiring broad areas of interpolation. Please refer to Greene et al. (2007) for more information regarding the Benthic Marine Potential Habitat Classification Scheme and the codes used to represent various seafloor features.
References Cited:
Greene, H.G., Yoklavich, M.M., Starr, R.M., O'Connell, V.M., Wakefield, W.W., Sullivan, D.E., McRea, J.E., Jr., and Cailliet, G.M., 1999, A classification scheme for deep seafloor habitats: Oceanologica Acta, v. 22, no. 6, p. 663-678.
Greene, H.G., Bizzarro, J.J., O'Connell, V.M., and Brylinsky, C.K., 2007, Construction of digital potential marine benthic habitat maps using a coded classification scheme and its application, in Todd, B.J., and Greene, H.G., eds., Mapping the seafloor for habitat characterization: Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 47, p. 141-155.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2015

Currentness_Reference: Publication Date

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: none planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -120.19
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -120.00
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.47
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.39

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD)
Theme_Keyword: Oceans > Bathymetry/SeafloorTopography > Bathymetry
Theme_Keyword: Oceans > Bathymetry/SeafloorTopography > Seafloor Topography

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificinformation
Theme_Keyword: environment
Theme_Keyword: oceans
Theme_Keyword: biota
Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
Theme_Keyword: Multibeam bathymetry
Theme_Keyword: Benthic marine habitat
Theme_Keyword: Seafloor mapping
Theme_Keyword: Offshore geology
Theme_Keyword: GIS

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Place_Keyword: Pacific Ocean
Place_Keyword: State of California
Place_Keyword: Santa Barbara Channel
Place_Keyword: Refugio Beach
Place_Keyword: El Capitan State Beach

Access_Constraints:

If physical samples or materials are available, constraints on their on-site access are described in "WR CMG Sample Distribution Policy" at URL: <http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/programs/html/main/sample-dist-policy.html>

Use_Constraints:

This information is not intended for navigational purposes.
Read and fully comprehend the metadata prior to data use. Uses of these data should not violate the spatial resolution of the data. Where these data are used in combination with other data of different resolution, the resolution of the combined output will be limited by the lowest resolution of all the data.
Acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey in products derived from these data. Share data products developed using these data with the U.S. Geological Survey.
This database has been approved for release and publication by the Director of the USGS. Although this database has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use.
Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document these data in nonproprietary form, as well as in ArcInfo format, this metadata file may include some ArcInfo-specific terminology.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: Center for Habitat Studies, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories
Contact_Person: H. Gary Greene

Contact_Position: Geologist/Principal Investigator

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: physical address
Address: Center for Habitat Studies
City: Moss Landing
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95039
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 771-4141

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (831) 633-7264

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: greene@mlml.calstate.edu

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcGIS 10.0.3.3600

Browse_Graphic:

Browse_Graphic_File_Name:: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/OffshoreRefugioBeach/images/Habitat_OffshoreRefugioBeach.jpg>
Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Benthic habitat map offshore Refugio Beach.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG

Data_Quality_Information:

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Map elements were visually checked for overshoots, undershoots, duplicate features, polygon closure, and other errors by the lead authors and by the GIS technician(s) who created the digital database. Review drafts of the map were reviewed internally by at least two other geologists for consistency with basic geologic principles and general conformity to USGS mapping standards.

Completeness_Report:

Contact authors for information about omissions, selection criteria, generalization, definitions used, and other rules used to derive the data set.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:: Interpretation and polygon delineation of habitats performed at scales ranging from 1:2000 to 1:5000

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:: Interpretation and polygon delineation of habitats performed at scales ranging from 1:2000 to 1:5000. For more details, see Supplemental_Information section of these metadata.
Process_Date: 2011

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector

Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:

SDTS_Terms_Description:

SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: GT-polygon composed of chains
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 174

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Map_Projection:

Map_Projection_Name: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 10N

Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -123.0
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0
False_Easting: 500000.0
False_Northing: 0.0

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 0.0001
Ordinate_Resolution: 0.0001

Planar_Distance_Units: Meter

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: D WGS 1984
Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: Habitat_OffshoreRefugioBeach
Entity_Type_Definition: Polygons representing habitat map units
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: This report

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: OBJECTID

Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI