Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Swithinbank, Charles Originator: Williams, Richard S., Jr. Originator: Ferrigno, Jane G. Originator: Foley, Kevin M. Originator: Hallam, Cheryl Originator: Rosanova, Christine Publication_Date: 2002 Title: COASTAL CHANGE AND GLACIOLOGICAL MAP OF THE BAKUTIS COAST AREA, ANTARCTICA: 1972-1997 Edition: first Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Geologic Investigations Map Issue_Identification: I-2600-F Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia U.S.A. Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Description: Abstract: Changes in the area and volume of the polar ice sheets are intricately linked to changes in global climate, and the resulting changes in sea level may severely impact the densely populated coastal regions on Earth. Loss of the West Antarctic part of the Antarctic ice sheet alone could cause a sea-level rise of approximately 6 m. The potential sea-level rise after melting of the entire Antarctic ice sheet is estimated to be 65 m to 73 m. In spite of its importance, the mass balance (the net volumetric gain or loss) of the Antarctic ice sheet is poorly known; it is not known whether the ice sheet is growing or shrinking. As a result, measurement of changes in the Antarctic ice sheet was given a very high priority in recommendations by the Polar Research Board of the National Research Council (1986), by the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) (1989), and by the National Science Foundation's (1990) Division of Polar Programs. An archive of early 1970's Landsat 1, 2, and 3 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) images of Antarctica and the fact that the repeat coverage with satellite images provided an excellent means of documenting changes in the coastline of Antarctica provided the impetus for carrying out a comprehensive analysis of the glaciological features of the coastal regions and changes in ice fronts of Antarctica. The project was later modified to include Landsat 4 and 5 MSS and Thematic Mapper (TM) and RADARSAT images to compare changes over a 20- to 25- year time interval and to prepare a series of 24 1:1,000,000-scale and 1 1:5,000,000-scale U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Investigations Series Maps ("I-Maps") (Williams and others, 1995; Williams and Ferrigno, 1998; and Ferrigno and others, 2002) in both paper and digital format. Purpose: The Coastal-Change and Glaciological Mapping Project has five objectives, listed as follows: (1) to determine coastline changes that have occured during the past three decades; (2) to establish an accurate baseline series of 1:1,000,000-scale maps that define, from the analysis of Landsat and RADARSAT images, the glaciological characteristics of the coastline of Antarctica during the three time intervals (early 1970's, middle 1980's to early 1990's and 1997); (3) to determine velocities of outlet glaciers, ice streams and ice shelves, and the position of the grounding line from analysis of Landsat images and other sources of the same areas taken over time; (4) to compile a comprehensive inventory of named and unnamed outlet glaciers and ice streams in Antarctica that are mappable from Landsat images or from ancillary sources such as maps, gazeteers, digital databases, etc.; (5) to compile a 1:5,000,000-scale map of Antarctica derived from the 24 1:1,000,000-scale maps. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1972 Ending_Date: 2002 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -130.0 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -104.0 North_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.9 South_Bounding_Coordinate: -78.0 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: coastal change Theme_Keyword: glaciology Theme_Keyword: ice velocity Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alberts, F.G., ed., 1981, Geographic names of the Antarctic: Reston, VA, U.S. Board on Geographic Names, National Science Foundation Report No. NSF 81-5, 959 p. Place_Keyword: Antarctica Place_Keyword: Wrigley Gulf Place_Keyword: Siple Island Place_Keyword: DeVicq Glacier Place_Keyword: Dean Island Place_Keyword: Hobbs Coast Place_Keyword: Getz Ice Shelf Place_Keyword: Mount Siple Place_Keyword: Thurston Glacier Place_Keyword: Russell Bay Place_Keyword: Armour Inlet Place_Keyword: Carney Island Place_Keyword: Beakley Glacier Place_Keyword: Duncan Peninsula Place_Keyword: Amundsen Sea Place_Keyword: Scott Peninsula Place_Keyword: Nunn Island Place_Keyword: Wright Island Place_Keyword: Bakutis Coast Place_Keyword: Philbin Inlet Place_Keyword: Martin Peninsula Place_Keyword: Singer Glacier Place_Keyword: McClinton Glacier Place_Keyword: Dorchuk Glacier Place_Keyword: Keys Glacier Place_Keyword: Horrall Glacier Place_Keyword: Kohler Glacier Place_Keyword: Kohler Range Place_Keyword: Wunneburger Rock Place_Keyword: Dotson Ice Shelf Place_Keyword: Yoder Glacier Place_Keyword: Simmons Glacier Place_Keyword: Mount Meunier Place_Keyword: Smith Glacier Place_Keyword: Moore Dome Place_Keyword: Sorenson Glacier Place_Keyword: Brush Glacier Place_Keyword: Zuniga Glacier Place_Keyword: True Glacier Place_Keyword: Boschert Glacier Place_Keyword: Bear Peninsula Place_Keyword: Park Glacier Place_Keyword: Gurnon Peninsula Place_Keyword: Bunner Glacier Place_Keyword: Hamilton Ice Piedmont Place_Keyword: Holt Glacier Place_Keyword: Jones Bluff Place_Keyword: Crosson Ice Shelf Place_Keyword: Pope Glacier Place_Keyword: Roos Glacier Place_Keyword: Vane Glacier Place_Keyword: Callendar Peak Place_Keyword: Hawkins Peak Place_Keyword: Mount Murphy Place_Keyword: Haynes Glacier Place_Keyword: Walgreen Coast Place_Keyword: Thwaites Glacier Place_Keyword: Pine Island Bay Place_Keyword: Marie Byrd Land Place_Keyword: Mount Flint Place_Keyword: McCuddin Mountains Place_Keyword: Mount Petras Place_Keyword: USAS Escarpment Place_Keyword: Mount Hampton Place_Keyword: Mount Cumming Place_Keyword: Executive Committee Range Place_Keyword: Mount Sidley Place_Keyword: Mount Waesche Place_Keyword: Parks Glacier Place_Keyword: Toney Mountain Place_Keyword: Richmond Peak Place_Keyword: Mount Takahe Place_Keyword: Steuri Glacier Place_Keyword: Clausen Glacier Place_Keyword: Crary Mountains Place_Keyword: Mount Steere Place_Keyword: Mount Frakes Place_Keyword: Boyd Ridge Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: None Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Richard S. Williams Jr. Contact_Position: Project Chief, Coastal Change and Glaciological Maps of Antarctica Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: U.S. Geological Survey Woods Hole Field Center 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508 457 2347 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rswilliams@usgs.gov Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The assignment of coastal features attributes is done qualitatively through examination of hardcopy Landsat imagery at the approximate scale of 1:500,000. The classification of a coastal feature is determined after examining between one and four Landsat images of the coastal feature. Date attributes are assigned to reflect the collection date of the image used to record a coastal feature. Logical_Consistency_Report: The COASTAL-CHANGE AND GLACIOLOGICAL MAP OF THE BAKUTIS COAST AREA, ANTARCTICA is an assessment of change in coastal features examined in three periods of time, early 1970's; middle 1980's to early 1990's and 1997. Data are represented on the map grouped by symbol into these categories. The temporal frame of each period varies. The 1970's time frame is represented by data collected from Landsat 1 images acquired from December 16, 1972 to November 27, 1976, a period of slightly less than a year. The period from the middle 1980's through early 1990's is represented by Landsat 4 and 5 images acquired from December 2, 1984 through January 24, 1990, a period of over five years. The 1997 time frame is represented by data collected from the RADARSAT 125m Mosaic of Antarctic. The mosaic is comprised of images accquired in the course of a single mission dedicated to the production of the mosaic. The imagery was acquired from September 9, 1997 to October 20, 1997, a period of forty days. One low-resolution AVHRR image (approximately 600m pixel) obtained via the internet from the National Ice Center, Naval Ice Center is used to determine the position of newly calved iceberg B-22 on March 11, 2002. Completeness_Report: Data, in the form of remote-sensing imagery, was collected to study coastal features during three time periods, early 1970's; middle 1980's to early 1990's and 1997. Landsat 1 and 2 scenes selected for the early 1970's period provide complete coverage of the coastline of the study area. Landsat 4 and 5 images provide approximately 90% coverage of the coastline of the study area. Landsat images were selected to provide the highest cloud-free coverage possible but small localized areas of clouds do obscure some of the coastal coverage (less than 5%). The RADARSAT 125 m mosaic of Antarctica provides complete and cloud-free coverage for the 1997 time period. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The RADARSAT 125m Mosaic of Antarctica is used as horizontal control for purposes of this project. Producers of the mosaic claim a postional accuracy of 150m RMS in coastal areas where geodetic control points are abundant. Accuracy decreases towards the interior of the continent, reaching a high of 5 kilometers. An in-depth study of the accuracy of the mosaic by a Geodetic Engineer is included in the text of the report. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Elevation data for this project was excerpted from the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) produced by Byrd Polar Research Center in conjunction with the RADARSAT Mosaic of Antarctica. Vertical error of the DEM was assessed by comparison with six measured elevation transects. Three of the transects were done via GPS, one by radar echo sounding (RES) and two geodetic leveling. The range of vertical error is from 2 meters RMSE for a 129 kilometer GPS transect to 36 meters RMS for a 580 kilometer leveled transect. Construction and error analysis of this DEM is discussed at length in Liu, 1999. See report for full citation. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS EROS Data Center Publication_Date: 19730213 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1205-14044 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 248 Row 114 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19730213 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1205-14044 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19730130 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1191-14270 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 001 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19730130 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1191-14270 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19730113 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1174-14325 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 002 Row 114 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19730113 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1174-14325 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19721227 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1157-14383 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 003 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19721227 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1157-14383 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19730116 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1177-14500 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 004 Row 114 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19730116 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1177-14500 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19721230 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1160-14551 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 006 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19730116 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1160-14551 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19721230 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1160-14554 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 006 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19721230 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1160-14554 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19721230 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1160-14560 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 006 Row 114 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19721230 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1160-14560 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19731123 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1488-15160 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 010 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19731123 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1488-15160 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19731123 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1488-15163 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 010 Row 114 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19731123 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1488-15163 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19721216 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1146-15191 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 011 Row 114 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19721216 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1146-15191 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19731126 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1491-15334 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 013 Row 114 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19731126 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1491-15334 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19731127 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1492-15390 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 014 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19731127 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1492-15390 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19731127 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1492-15392 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 014 Row 114 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19731127 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1492-15392 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19721222 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1152-15533 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 016 Row 114 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19721222 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1152-15533 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19721222 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1152-15524 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 017 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19721222 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1152-15524 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19730111 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1172-16035 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 018 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19730111 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1172-16035 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19730111 Title: Landsat 1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Image no. 1172-16042 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 018 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19730111 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 1172-16042 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19861221 Title: Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 51025-14104 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 001 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19861221 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 51025-14104 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19861221 Title: Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 51025-14111 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 001 Row 114 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19861221 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 51025-14111 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19881218 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 42347-14240 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 001 Row 114 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19881218 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42347-14240 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19880122 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 42016-14341 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 004 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19880122 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42016-14341 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19890209 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 42400-14430 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 004 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19890209 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42400-14430 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19880122 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 42016-14343 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 004 Row 114 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19880209 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42016-14343 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19841202 Title: Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 50276-14521 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 006 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19841202 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 50276-14521 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19841201 Title: Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 50276-14524 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 006 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19841202 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 40276-14524 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19900109 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 42734-14552 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 006 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19900109 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42734-14552 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19880102 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 41996-14580 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 008 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19880102 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 41996-14580 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19900123 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 42748-15073 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 008 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19900123 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42748-15073 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19861227 Title: Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 41031-15122 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 011 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19861227 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 51031-15122 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19861225 Title: Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 51029-15244 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 013 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19861225 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 51029-15244 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19861225 Title: Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 51029-15250 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 013 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19861225 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 51029-15250 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19900124 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 42749-15502 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 015 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19900124 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42749-15502 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19880225 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 42050-16013 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 018 Row 112 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19880225 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42050-16013 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) Publication_Date: 19880225 Title: Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) Image no. 42050-16015 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Other_Citation_Details: Path 018 Row 113 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19880225 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat 42050-16015 Source_Contribution: coastal image Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Alberts, F.G., ed Publication_Date: 1981 Title: Geographic Names of the Antarctic Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document Series_Information: Series_Name: National Science Foundation Report Issue_Identification: NSF 81-5 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia, U.S.A. Publisher: U.S. Board on Geographic Anmes Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 0001 Ending_Date: 1981 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Alberts, 1981 Source_Contribution: location data for named places and features Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Liu, H. Originator: Jezek, K. Originator: Li, B. Originator: Zhao, Z. Publication_Date: 2001 Title: Radarsat Antarctic Mapping Project Digital Elevation Model Version 2 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Boulder, Colorado, USA Publisher: National Snow and Ice Data Center Online_Linkage: http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0082.html Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1940 Ending_Date: 1999 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Radarsat DEM V2 Source_Contribution: elevation data Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Jezek, Kenneth C. Publication_Date: unknown Title: RADARSAT-1 SAR Mosaic of Antarctica - Med Res (125m pixel) Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, USA Publisher: Alaska SAR Facility Geophysical Institute University of Alaska Fairbanks Online_Linkage: http://www.asf.alaska.edu/amm1/mosaic_med_res.html Type_of_Source_Media: online CD-ROM Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19970909 Ending_Date: 19971022 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Radarsat 125m Mosaic Source_Contribution: digital mapping base position of dynamic coastal features in 1997 Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Ice Center Publication_Date: 20020318 Title: AVHRR Image of B-22 dated 11 March 2002 Edition: none Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Online_Linkage: http://www.natice.noaa.gov/avhrrb22.jpg Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20020311 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: B-22 AVHRR Source_Contribution: March 11, 2002 position of newly calved iceberg B-22 Process_Step: Process_Description: Hardcopy Landsat images are used where digital data are not available. Hardcopy is used in almost all cases. Hardcopy images are scanned to TIFF format digital files at a resolution of 400 dots per inch and a grayscale depth of 256 shades of gray. TIFF files are imported into commercial image-processing software for spatial correction. The images are corrected using a first-order polynomial adjustment based on tie-point correlation to the georeferenced RADARSAT mosaic. Standard procedure dictates that tie-points are best selected to form uniform distribution across the image to be corrected. The procedure for selecting tie-point deviated from standard procedure for two reasons: (1) Radar images such as the RADARSAT base suffer from "layover" or displacement of relief in the horizontal plane in the direction of the nadir line with respect to the sampling device. The degree of displacement is proportional to the magnitude of relief so tie-points are selected only in areas of low relief. (2) Coastal features are the primary interest of this study so tie-points are selected preferentially on or near coastal features in order to assure that corrections to the image are based preferentially on coastal feature data. Process_Date: 2001 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 7345 Column_Count: 6849 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Earth Science Information Center Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing addres Address: Box 25286 Building 810 Denver Federal Center City: Denver State_or_Province: Colorado Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (303) 202-4200 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (303) 202 4188 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: infoservices@usgs.gov Hours_of_Service: hours: 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM Monday through Friday (Mountain Time) Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been used by the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty, expressed or implied is made by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and related material nor shall the fact of distribution constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in connection therewith. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20020417 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Kevin Foley Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Division, Eastern Region, Earth Surface Processes Team Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: U.S. Geological Survey 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Mail Stop 926A City: Reston State_or_Province: Virginia Postal_Code: 20192 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (703) 648-5285 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (703) 648-6032 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998