Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: David S. Fullerton (ed.) Originator: David S. Fullerton (comp.) Originator: John P. Bluemle (comp.) Originator: Lee Clayton (comp.) Originator: Fred V. Steece (comp.) Originator: Merlin J. Tipton (comp.) Originator: Richard Bretz (comp.) Originator: Joseph E. Goebel (comp.) Publication_Date: 2011 Title: Quaternary Geologic Map of the Dakotas 4¡ x 6¡ Quadrangle, United States Edition: 1.1 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: (map) Series_Information: Series_Name: Miscellaneous Investigations Series Issue_Identification: I-1420 (NL-14) Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 1995 Title: Quaternary geologic atlas of the United States Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: (map) Series_Information: Series_Name: Miscellaneous Investigations Series Issue_Identification: I-1420 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Description: Abstract: The Quaternary Geologic Map of the Dakotas 4¡ x 6¡ Quadrangle was mapped as part of the Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the United States. The atlas was begun as an effort to depict the areal distribution of surficial geologic deposits and other materials that accumulated or formed during the past 2+ million years, the period that includes all activities of the human species. These materials are at the surface of the earth. They make up the "ground" on which we walk, the "dirt" in which we dig foundations, and the "soil" in which we grow crops. Most of our human activity is related in one way or another to these surface materials that are referred to collectively by many geologists as regolith, the mantle of fragmental and generally unconsolidated material that overlies the bedrock foundation of the continent. The maps were compiled at 1:1,000,000 scale. Purpose: In recent years, surficial deposits and materials have become the focus of much interest by scientists, environmentalists, governmental agencies, and the general public. They are the foundations of ecosystems, the materials that support plant growth and animal habitat, and the materials through which travels much of the water required for our agriculture, our industry, and our general well being. They also are materials that easily can become contaminated by pesticides, fertilizers, and toxic wastes. In this context, the value of the surficial geologic map is evident. Supplemental_Information: This map is a product of collaboration of State geological surveys and the U.S. Geological Survey and is designed for both scientific and practical purposes. It was prepared in two stages. First, separate maps and map explanations for the parts of States included in the quadrangle were prepared by the compilers. Second, the maps were combined, integrated, and supplemented by the editor. Map unit symbols were revised to a uniform system of classification and map unit descriptions were prepared by the editor from information received from the compilers and from additional sources. Diagrams accompanying the map were prepared by the editor. Some differences in mapping or interpretation in different areas were resolved by correspondence. Most of the remaining differences, apparent along State boundaries, reflect differences in philosophies of mapping, and should encourage further investigation. Surficial deposits have been mapped and described in less than forty percent of the conterminous United States. Traditionally, mapping of surficial deposits has focused on glacial, alluvial, eolian, lacustrine, marine. and landslide deposits. Slope and upland deposits have been mapped in detail only in restricted areas. However, much engineering construction and many important problems of land use and land management occur in regions that have extensive slope and upland deposits (residuum and colluvium, for example). These materials commonly have different physical characteristics. Therefore, an effort has been made to classify, map, and describe them on the basis of published and unpublished substrata and subsoil data and the distribution and physical and chemical characteristics of bedrock parent materials. The classification is crude, but it represents a first step toward a more refined and useful product. For scientific purposes, the map differentiates Quaternary surficial deposits on the basis of a combination of criteria, such as lithology or composition, texture or particle size, structure. genesis, stratigraphic relationships, and age, as shown in the correlation diagram and tables and indicated in the map unit descriptions. Deposits of some constructional landforms, such as end moraines, are distinguished as map units or symbols. Deposits of erosional landforms, such as stream terraces, are not distinguished, although alluvial, glaciofluvial, and lacustrine deposits that are distinguished as map units may be terraced. Differentiation of sequences of alluvial deposits is not possible at this scale. Most individual landslide deposits are too small to be shown at this scale, but areas in which landslide deposits are abundant are distinguished as map units. For practical purposes, the map is a surficial materials map. Materials are distinguished on the basis of lithology or composition, texture or particle size, and other physical and chemical characteristics. It is not a map of soils as soils are recognized and classified in pedology or agronomy. Rather, it is a generalized map of soils as recognized in engineering geology, or of substrata or parent materials in which pedologic and agronomic soils are formed. As a materials map it serves as a base from which a variety of maps for use in engineering, land-use planning, or land-management projects can be derived and from which a variety of maps relating to Quaternary geologic history can be derived. The digital file was prepared at 1:1,000,000 nominal viewing scale. If the map is enlarged to larger scales (for example, 1:250,000, 1:100,000, or 1:24,000 scale), resolution of the map data is greatly diminished. Enlargement will not restore resolution that was lost by simplification or generalization of data. This database represents an attempt to digitally capture all the geologic information available on the published paper map. Separate coverages are provided for the map unit polygons, linear and point features, locations of important stratigraphic sections, and line coverages for the hydrology and topography. The description of map units and sources of information are both included as PDF files. The published maps of the Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the United States used three separate projections. To promote uniformity, the projection of this database was changed from Modified Polyconic to Albers Equal Area and all subsequent digital databases will similarly be changed to Albers Equal Area Projection. Illustrations are provided showing an index to International Map of the World 1:1,000,000 topographic series; relationship of glacial ice lobes, limits of glacial advances, and glacial phases; tentative correlation and ages of glacial phases and drifts; tentative correlation of Quaternary deposits in northeastern Montana, northwestern, west-central, central, and south-central North Dakota, and north-central South Dakota; areas of responsibility for the compilation of the map; and showing the correlation of map units. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee- compliant metadata file is intended to document the data set in nonproprietary form, as well as in ArcInfo format, this metadata file includes some ArcInfo-specific terminology. >The dataset for the Dakotas quadrangle consists of 11 coverages. > geo_net > gla_lin > gla_pnt > strat_pnt > hydr_lin > topo_lin > bnd_lin > bnd_net > rd_lin > rr_lin > grid_lin > The dataset also includes an ArcInfo AML, lineset, shadeset, and markerset that will produce the Illustrator or ArcInfo meta file of the geology and glacial features and the list of map units. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1976 Ending_Date: 1990 Currentness_Reference: Publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None Planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -102.00 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -96.00 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 48.00 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 44.00 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: American Geological Institute (AGI) Glossary of Geology Theme_Keyword: Alluvium Theme_Keyword: Beach deposits Theme_Keyword: Coastal deposits Theme_Keyword: Colluvium Theme_Keyword: Delta Theme_Keyword: Drumlin Theme_Keyword: Dune Theme_Keyword: Eolian deposits Theme_Keyword: Esker Theme_Keyword: Genesis Theme_Keyword: Geologic history Theme_Keyword: Geologic map Theme_Keyword: Geology Theme_Keyword: Glacial deposits Theme_Keyword: Glacial limits Theme_Keyword: Holocene Theme_Keyword: Ice-contact deposits Theme_Keyword: Ice-molded landforms Theme_Keyword: Lacustrine deposits Theme_Keyword: Moraine Theme_Keyword: Outwash deposits Theme_Keyword: Quaternary Theme_Keyword: Quaternary geology Theme_Keyword: Regional geology Theme_Keyword: Sand deposits Theme_Keyword: Sedimentary Rocks Theme_Keyword: Surficial deposits Theme_Keyword: Surficial geology Theme_Keyword: Swamp deposits Theme_Keyword: Till Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: U.S. Board on Geographic Names (BGN) Place_Keyword: Minnesota Place_Keyword: North Dakota Place_Keyword: South Dakota Place_Keyword: United States Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: Richmond, G.M., and Fullerton, D.S., eds., 1986, Introduction, in Quaternary glaciations in the United States of America: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 5. Temporal_Keyword: Cenozoic Temporal_Keyword: Holocene Temporal_Keyword: Illinoian Temporal_Keyword: Late Wisconsin Temporal_Keyword: pre-Illinoian Temporal_Keyword: Pleistocene Temporal_Keyword: Pliocene Temporal_Keyword: Quaternary Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Acknowledgment of the Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the United States of America and (or) the U.S. Geological Survey in products derived from these data will be appreciated. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Charles A. Bush Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Emeritus Geophysicist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical address Address: Mail Stop 980, Box 25046, Federal Center City: Lakewood State_or_Province: Colorado Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (303) 236-4723 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (303) 236-0214 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cbush@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-14_map.pdf> Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Scan of the original published paper map. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-14_plotfile.pdf> Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Plot of the digital files containing map units, linear and point glacial features, important stratigraphic locations, hydrology, topography and list of map symbols. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-14_correlation.pdf> Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Scan of correlation chart on published paper map. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-14_drainage.pdf> Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Scan of illustration on the paper map showing the ancestral drainage at the time of earliest Quaternary glaciation. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-14_index.pdf> Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Index map showing location of Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the U.S. quadrangles and quadrangles published digitally and as paper maps. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-14_responsibility.pdf> Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Scan of illustration of state compilation responsibilities shown on the paper map. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-14_lobes.pdf> Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Scan of illustration on the paper map showing the relationship of glacial ice lobes, limits of glacial advances, and glacial phases. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-14_stratsec.pdf> Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Scan of the locations and descriptions of important stratigraphic locations. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-14_table1.pdf> Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Scan of table showing tentative correlation and ages of glacial phases and drifts on the map. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-14_table2.pdf> Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Table showing tentative correlation of Quaternary deposits in northeastern Montana, northwestern, west-central, and south-central North Dakota, and north-central South Dakota. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-14_textonly.pdf> Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Text description of map units, figure captions, notes on the original map, and sources of information used in preparing the original map. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Data_Set_Credit: The Quaternary Geologic Map of the Dakotas 4¡ x 6¡ Quadrangle, United States, I-1420 (NL-14) was compiled by David S. Fullerton, U.S. Geological Survey; John P. Bluemle and Lee Clayton, North Dakota Geological Survey; Fred V. Steece, Merlin J. Tipton, and Richard Bretz, South Dakota Geological Survey; and Joseph E. Goebel, Minnesota Geological Survey. The state compilations were edited and integrated by David S. Fullerton, U.S. Geological Survey. The compilations of geology, linear, and point features, hydrology, and topographic layer, were converted to digital form by Charles A. Bush, U.S. Geological Survey. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Windows XP 5.1, Intel ArcInfo version 9.1 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Compilation of geologic data: The accuracy of the map data is dependent on (1) the accuracy of the original source data, (2) the accuracy of transfer of that data to larger scale bases by the compilers, (3) the procedures by which the compilers and the editor/integrator simplified or generalized the data, and (4) the procedures used by, and the objectivity exercised by, the editor/integrator in integration of adjacent parts of the map that were prepared by different compilers. Consequently, aspects of accuracy for the data set cannot be quantified. In addition, conflicts pertaining to the placement of features existed between the geology and hydrography hard copy source data, making it necessary to conflate the data sources into a single workable coverage. Cartographic and geologic experience and knowledge were used to provide a best fit solution for this problem. Digitization and attributing of compilation: C.A. Bush scanned source stable-base material, vectorized scan, attributed files, and produced check plots and coverages. C.A. Bush proofread check plots, and reviewed digital files; made final corrections as needed; produced graphical files and imported them into graphics program to prepare plot file; proofread cartographic product; prepared illustrations and word processing files of descriptions of map units and sources of information. The original paper map was scanned and recreated as PDF files. (The original map was thoroughly reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards and stratigraphic nomenclature.) Logical_Consistency_Report: Polygon and chain-node topology are present. The ArcInfo commands BUILD and CLEAN were run to ensure the topological consistency of the data set. All polygons are labeled and were tested by using the ArcInfo command LABELERRORS. All polygons were checked for closure and intersections. Completeness_Report: These coverages contain polygons for all the map units, lines for all the contacts and linear features, and points for all the locations of direction of ice movement, deflation basins, crest of end moraines and washboard moraines, and location of significant stratigraphic sections. All geologic data from the original map are expressed on this map. Any differences between elements on the original map and attributed polygons, arcs, and points in this database are inadvertent and should not be construed as deliberate alterations of the data. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The accuracy of location of polygons, lines, and points is consistent with the map scale of 1:1,000,000. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: David S. Fullerton (ed.) Originator: David S. Fullerton (comp.) Originator: John P. Bluemle (comp.) Originator: Lee Clayton (comp.) Originator: Fred V. Steece (comp.) Originator: Merlin J. Tipton (comp.) Originator: Richard Bretz (comp.) Originator: Joseph E. Goebel (comp.) Publication_Date: 1995 Title: Quaternary Geologic Map of the Dakotas 4¡ x 6¡ Quadrangle, United States Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Miscellaneous Investigations Series Issue_Identification: I-1420 (NL-14) Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Source_Scale_Denominator: 1000000 Type_of_Source_Media: mylar separates from printer's negatives for printed map Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1976 Ending_Date: 1990 Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Fullerton, 1995 Source_Contribution: Linework and point data for the data sets Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Atlas of the United States, 2001 Publication_Date: 2004 Title: County Boundaries of the United States, 2001 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: National Atlas of the United States Source_Scale_Denominator: 2000000 Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1972 Ending_Date: 2001 Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: usctdd Source_Contribution: spatial and attribute information Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Atlas of the United States Publication_Date: 2006 Title: State Boundaries of the United States Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: National Atlas of the United States Source_Scale_Denominator: 2000000 Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1972 Ending_Date: 2002 Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: statesp020 Source_Contribution: spatial and attribute information Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Atlas of the United States Publication_Date: 1998 Title: Railroads of the United States Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: National Atlas of the United States Source_Scale_Denominator: 2000000 Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 199812 Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: railrdl020 Source_Contribution: spatial and attribute information Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Atlas of the United States Publication_Date: 1999 Title: Major Roads of the United States Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: National Atlas of the United States Source_Scale_Denominator: 2000000 Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1972 Ending_Date: 1999 Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: roadtrl020 Source_Contribution: spatial and attribute information Process_Step: Process_Description: C.A. Bush scanned source stable-base material for geology, line features, and point features, vectorized scan, converted into ArcInfo coverages and attributed files from published paper map, and produced check plots and coverages. C.A. Bush scanned stable base marerial for topography and hydrography layers, vectorized scan, and converted into ArcInfo coverage. Process_Date: 2006 Process_Step: Process_Description: C.A. Bush acquired National Atlas of the United States 1:2,000,000 digital data for roads, railroads, state boundaries, and county boundaries in the United States. Data were clipped to cover only the area of the map. Since the files are intended only for the user's reference, and to reduce file size, all attributes were removed from the railroad coverage. All attributes were removed from the roads coverage except U.S. and State highway designations. All attributes were removed from the county boundaries except the county name and the state name. These coverages do not exactly match the base used in preparation of the original Quaternary Atlas map, but are included for the user's convenience. Process_Date: 2006 Process_Step: Process_Description: C.A. Bush created illustration of the index map on the paper map in a drawing program and changed it to reflect the status of conversion of Quaternary Geologic Atlas quadrangles to digital databases. Bush scanned original printed map and also separated state compilation responsibility and map unit correlation diagrams, other illustrations, cleaned the scans, and converted them to PDF format. Process_Date: 2006 Process_Step: Process_Description: Map unit descriptions and sources of information as given on the printed map were scanned and converted by an Optical Character Recognition computer program into text files and to PDF format(Bush). Process_Date: 2006 Process_Step: Process_Description: Coverages of geology and glacial features were checked and corrected or changed. Additional items were included in the attributes. AML's were created to plot the data. Plots were imported into graphics program to create a plotfile of the digital map (Bush). Process_Date: 2006 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Map_Projection: Map_Projection_Name: Albers Conical Equal Area Albers_Conical_Equal_Area: Standard_Parallel: 29.5 Standard_Parallel: 45.5 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -96 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 23 False_Easting: 0.00000 False_Northing: 0.00000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 500 Ordinate_Resolution: 500 Planar_Distance_Units: Meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The geo_net coverage includes polygons that are map units and open water, and arcs that are contacts, shorelines, or map boundaries. The geo_net.pat INFO file consists of the following items: GEOCODE--Refers to the type of polygon and is one of the following: map unit symbol, "lake," or "river." Because unit "tcf" was shown on the paper map in three different patterns to represent ground, end, and stagnation moraines, the unit was changed to "tcf(g)," "tcf(e)," and "tcf(s)" in the database. Other units showing multiple types of moraines were changed similarly. (See table below.) MAPUNITS--A description of the deposits and materials that make up the map units; blank where not applicable (see below). See pamphlet or text-only file for full unit descriptions. AGE--Refers to the age of the map unit and is one of the following: "HOLOCENE," "HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN," "HOLOCENE TO EARLY MIDDLE PLEISTOCENE(?)," "HOLOCENE TO PLIOCENE(?)," "LATE WISCONSIN," "LATE WISCONSIN TO PLIOCENE(?)," "ILLINOIAN," ILLINOIAN AND PRE-ILLINOIAN," "PRE-PLIOCENE," or blank where not applicable. (See table below.) COLOR--An integer value representing a shade pattern in the shadeset color524.shd used in preparing the plotfile of the map. Items in geo_net.pat are defined as follows: >GEOCODE; MAPUNITS; AGE > >jea; SLUMP-BLOCK, EARTHFLOW, AND MUDFLOW LANDSLIDE DEPOSITS; HOLOCENE > >al; ALLUVIUM; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >wla; LOAMY OR CLAYEY SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >wlc; LOAMY OR CLAYEY SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM AND LAKE DEPOSITS; HOLOCENE AND > LATE WISCONSIN >lca; LAKE SILT AND CLAY; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >lss; LAKE SILT AND SAND; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >lsa; LAKE SAND AND GRAVEL; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >lga; LAKE GRAVEL; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >ed; DUNE SAND; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >es; EOLIAN SHEET SAND; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >el; EOLIAN SILT (LOESS); HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >eu; EOLIAN SAND AND SILT; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >jca; LANDSLIDE DEPOSITS, CLAYEY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, > AND SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >jcb; LANDSLIDE DEPOSITS, CLAYEY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, > SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM, AND GLACIAL DEPOSITS; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >jxa; LANDSLIDE DEPOSITS. BOULDERY COLLUVIUM, AND SHEETWASH > ALLUVIUM; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >xce; CLAYEY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM AND SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM; HOLOCENE > AND LATE WISCONSIN >xcf; CLAYEY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM, > AND GLACIAL DEPOSITS; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >xlk; LOAMY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM, > AND COLLUVIUM; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >xll; LOAMY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM, > COLLUVIUM, AND GLACIAL DEPOSITS; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >xln; LOAMY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM, > AND COLLUVIUM; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >xlo; LOAMY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM, > COLLUVIUM, AND GLACIAL DEPOSITS; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >xlr; LOAMY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM, > COLLUVIUM, AND GLACIAL DEPOSITS; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >xla; LOAMY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM, > AND COLLUVIUM; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >xlf; LOAMY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM AND SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM; HOLOCENE > AND LATE WISCONSIN >xsc; SANDY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM, > AND COLLUVIUM; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN > >alr; ALLUVIAL-FILL DEPOSIT; HOLOCENE TO EARLY MIDDLE PLEISTOCENE(?) >elb; EOLIAN SILT (LOESS); HOLOCENE TO EARLY MIDDLE PLEISTOCENE(?) >jcc; LANDSLIDE DEPOSITS, CLAYEY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM,SHEETWASH > ALLUVIUM, AND GLACIAL DEPOSITS; HOLOCENE TO EARLY MIDDLE > PLEISTOCENE(?) >xcg; CLAYEY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM, > AND GLACIAL DEPOSITS; HOLOCENE TO EARLY MIDDLE PLEISTOCENE(?) >xlm; LOAMY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM, > COLLUVIUM, AND GLACIAL DEPOSITS; HOLOCENE TO EARLY > MIDDLE PLEISTOCENE(?) >xlp; LOAMY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM, > COLLUVIUM, AND GLACIAL DEPOSITS; HOLOCENE TO EARLY > MIDDLE PLEISTOCENE(?) >xls; LOAMY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM, > COLLUVIUM, AND GLACIAL DEPOSITS; HOLOCENE TO EARLY > MIDDLE PLEISTOCENE(?) >xlb; LOAMY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM, > COLLUVIUM, AND GLACIAL DEPOSITS; HOLOCENE TO EARLY > MIDDLE PLEISTOCENE(?) >xsd; SANDY DISINTEGRATION RESIDUUM, SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM, > COLLUVIUM, AND GLACIAL DEPOSITS; HOLOCENE TO EARLY > MIDDLE PLEISTOCENE(?) > >qs; BAKED AND FUSED BEDROCK (CLINKER); HOLOCENE TO PLIOCENE(?) > >tc; CLAYEY TILL (Falconer and Huot Formations); LATE WISCONSIN >tcf(g); LOAMY TILL--Ground moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tcf(e); LOAMY TILL--End moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tcf(s); LOAMY TILL--Stagnation moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tkt; COLLAPSED TILL AND LAKE DEPOSITS; LATE WISCONSIN >tlw(g); LOAMY TILL--Ground moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlw(e); LOAMY TILL--End moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlg(g); LOAMY TILL--Ground moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlg(e); LOAMY TILL--End moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlg(s); LOAMY TILL--Stagnation moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlx(g); LOAMY TILL--Ground moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlx(w); LOAMY TILL--Washboard moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlx(e); LOAMY TILL--End moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlx(s); LOAMY TILL--Stagnation moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tla; LOAMY TILL (Tazewell Till); LATE WISCONSIN >tlu(g); LOAMY TILL--Ground moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlu(e); LOAMY TILL--End moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlu(s); LOAMY TILL--Stagnation moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >txb(g); CLAYEY TO SANDY TILL--Ground moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >txb(e); CLAYEY TO SANDY TILL--End moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >txb(s); CLAYEY TO SANDY TILL--Stagnation moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >kg; ICE-CONTACT SAND AND GRAVEL; LATE WISCONSIN >gs; OUTWASH SAND; LATE WISCONSIN >gg; OUTWASH SAND AND GRAVEL; LATE WISCONSIN >lda; LAKE DENSITY-CURRENT UNDERFLOW FAN DEPOSIT; LATE WISCONSIN >ldb; LAKE DELTA DEPOSIT; LATE WISCONSIN >llf; SLACKWATER LAKE DEPOSITS AND OUTWASH SAND AND GRAVEL; LATE WISCONSIN >nld; LOAMY SOLIFLUCTION DEPOSIT; LATE WISCONSIN > >alq; ALLUVIAL GRAVEL, SAND, AND SILT; LATE WISCONSIN TO PLIOCENE(?) >agu; ALLUVIAL GRAVEL, SAND, SILT, AND CLAY; LATE WISCONSIN TO PLIOCENE(?) >alo; ALLUVIAL SAND AND GRAVEL; LATE WISCONSIN TO PLIOCENE(?) > >tll; LOAMY TILL ("Iowan" till); ILLINOIAN > >txc; DISCONTINUOUS CLAYEY TO SANDY TILL, GLACIOFLUVIAL; > DEPOSITS, AND ERRATIC BOULDER CONCENTRATIONS; ILLINOIAN > AND PRE-ILLINOIAN(?) > >Rb; DISSECTED BEDROCK (BADLANDS); PRE-PLIOCENE >R; BEDROCK; PRE-PLIOCENE > >IT; ICE-THRUST TERRAIN--Bedrock and surficial deposits that were > thrust, stacked, and deformed by glacial ice >f; MANMADE LAND--Strip mines, mine spoil, and Garrison Reservoir dam > and causeway >Lake >River > The geo_net.aat INFO file consists of the following item: LTYPE--Refers to the type of arc and is one of the following: "Contact," "Shoreline," or "Map boundary." The gla_lin coverage contains lines of linear glacial features. The gla_lin.aat INFO file consists of the following item: LTYPE--Refers to the type of feature described by the arc and is one of the following: "DISTAL MARGIN OF ICE-THRUST TERRAIN ASSOCIATED WITH A GLACIAL ADVANCE LIMIT OR STILLSTAND OF ICE MARGIN," "LIMIT OF LATE WISCONSIN GLACIAL ADVANCE OR STILLSTAND OF ICE MARGIN;" "LIMIT OF LATE WISCONSIN GLACIAL ADVANCE OR STILLSTAND OF ICE MARGIN--Inferred;" "LIMIT OF LATE WISCONSIN GLACIAL ADVANCE OR STILLSTAND OF ICE MARGIN-- Concealed;" "INFERRED LIMIT OF PRE-WISCONSIN GLACIATION;" "WASHBOARD MORAINES OR MINOR MORAINES," "CREST OF END MORAINE RIDGE;" or "ESKER." The gla_pnt coverage contains points that represent features shown on the map. The gla_pnt.pat INFO file consists of the following items: PTYPE--Refers to the type of feature shown at the point and is one of the following: "DIRECTION OF ICE MOVEMENT INDICATED BY STRIATIONS;" "DEFLATION BASIN OR LARGE BLOWOUT DEPRESSION," "ICE-MOLDED LANDFORM--Drumlin, rock drumlin, flute, or groove;" "RELICT PERMAFROST POLYGONS;" or "WIND DIRECTION INDICATED BY DUNE ORIENTATIONS." ANGLE--Refers to the direction of feature or ice movement; in degrees measured clockwise from north. MRK--Number of symbol from markerset (glacial.mrk) used to plot the feature. The strat_pnt coverage contains points that represent the locations of important stratigraphic sections and the name and description of the locality. The strat_pnt.pat INFO file contains the following items: PTYPE--Contains the following: "LOCATION OF IMPORTANT STRATIGRAPHIC SECTION." SS--Refers to the number of the section and has the values of 1-14. TEXT--Contains the description of the stratigraphic section and is one of the following: "Mercer County sec. 12, N. Dak.;" "Mercer County sec. 6, N. Dak.;" "Five stratigraphic sections (3A-3E) on shore of Garrison Reservoir west of Riverdale, McLean County, N. Dak.;" "Testhole REAP No. 16, N. Dak.;" "Testhole REAP No. 9, N. Dak.;" "Beulah sec., N. Dak.;" "Kinneman Creek sec., N. Dak.;" "Boring No. 3, Witmer Hall, University of North Dakota;" "North Dakota State Highway Department Structure I-29-89 Boring 2;" "Snake Curve sec., Minn.;" "Three Creeks sec., Minn.;" "Clearwater sec., Minn.;" "Powerline sec., Minn.;" or "Spring Lake sec., S. Dak." Hydr_lin is a line coverage created after scanning and vectorizing the hydrographic layer that was used in the original paper map. It has no user-defined attributes. Topo_lin is a line coverage created after scanning and vectorizing the topographic layer that was used in the original paper map. It has no user-defined attributes. Bnd_lin is a line coverage created from the 1:2,000,000-scale National Atlas of the United States coverage of States Boundaries of the United States. The coverage contains lines representing state boundaries. The bnd_lin.aat INFO file contains the item LTYPE that contains the values "State boundary" or "Map boundary." The coverage is annotated with state names along boundaries. Bnd_net is a polygon coverage created from the 1:2,000,000-scale National Atlas of the United States coverage of County Boundaries of the United States. Polygons are attributed with state and county names. Rd_lin is a line coverage created from the 1:2,000,000-scale National Atlas of the United States coverage of Major Roads of the United States. The coverage contains lines representing roads in the United States. All DLG attributes have been stripped from the lines except "FEATURE," "NAME," " and "STATE." FEATURE is a listing of the highway type. NAME is a list of of the highway number or numbers. STATE is the U.S. state where the highway occurs. Rr_lin is a line coverage created from 1:2,000,000-scale DLG coverages. The coverage contains lines representing railroads in the U.S. It has no user-defined attributes. Grid_lin is a line coverage created to display projection lines in one-degree increments. It has no user-defined attributes. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Denver Publishing Service Center Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing address Address: U.S. Geological Survey, MS902, Box 25046, Denver Federal Center City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (303) 236-4845 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: tpinto@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-1420 (NL-14), "Quaternary Geologic Map of the Dakotas 4¡ x 6¡ Quadrangle, United States" Distribution_Liability: Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this data set has been used by the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as to the accuracy and functioning of the data set and related material nor shall the fact of distribution constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in connection therewith. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ARCE, SHP Format_Version_Number: 9.1 File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: Fees: No cost for the digital files. Technical_Prerequisites: ArcInfo 8.3 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: U.S. Geological Survey Information Services, Box 25286, Denver Federal Center City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Resource_Description: Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-1420 (NL-14), "Quaternary Geologic Map of the Dakotas 4¡ x 6¡ Quadrangle, United States" (printed edition) Distribution_Liability: None Standard_Order_Process: Non-digital_Form: Available as one folded sheet, printed on a four-color press; order from USGS at address listed above. Fees: Call 1-888-ASK-USGS or visit http://ask.usgs.gov/prices/ for current price of printed edition. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 2011 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Charles A. Bush Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Emeritus Geophysicist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: U.S. Geological Survey, MS980, Box 25046, Denver Federal Center City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (303) 236-4723 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (303) 236-0214 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cbush@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998