Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Gerald M. Richmond (ed.) Originator: David S. Fullerton (ed.) Originator: Joseph E. Goebel (comp.) Originator: David M. Mickelson (comp.) Originator: William R. Farrand (comp.) Originator: Lee Clayton (comp.) Originator: James C. Knox (comp.) Originator: Adam Cahow (comp.) Originator: Howard C. Hobbs (comp.) Originator: Matt S. Walton, Jr. (comp.) Publication_Date: 2007 Title: Quaternary Geologic Map of the Minneapolis 4° x 6° Quadrangle, United States Edition: 1.1 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Miscellaneous Investigations series Issue_Identification: I-1420 (NL-15) Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado Publisher: US Geological Survey Online_Linkage: Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 1983 Title: Quaternary geologic atlas of the United States Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Miscellaneous Investigations series Issue_Identification: I-1420 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Description: Abstract: The Quaternary Geologic Map of the Minneapolis 4° x 6° Quadrangle was mapped as part of the Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the United States. The atlas was begun as an effort to depict the areal distribution of surficial geologic deposits and other materials that accumulated or formed during the past 2+ million years, the period that includes all activities of the human species. These materials are at the surface of the earth. They make up the "ground" on which we walk, the "dirt" in which we dig foundations, and the "soil" in which we grow crops. Most of our human activity is related in one way or another to these surface materials that are referred to collectively by many geologists as regolith, the mantle of fragmental and generally unconsolidated material that overlies the bedrock foundation of the continent. The maps were compiled at 1:1,000,000 scale. Purpose: In recent years, surficial deposits and materials have become the focus of much interest by scientists, environmentalists, governmental agencies, and the general public. They are the foundations of ecosystems, the materials that support plant growth and animal habitat, and the materials through which travels much of the water required for our agriculture, our industry, and our general well being. They also are materials that easily can become contaminated by pesticides, fertilizers, and toxic wastes. In this context, the value of the surficial geologic map is evident Supplemental_Information: This map is the product of interorganizational collaboration. Following a regional meeting of State compilers with the coordinator to establish map units and related matters, Quaternary maps and map explanations of the parts of the States included in the quadrangle were prepared by each of the compilers. These were then integrated and supplemented by the editors to produce this quadrangle map and map explanation. Associated diagrams were prepared by the editors. Significant geologic problems requiring map revision or addition of information were resolved at meetings with the compilers who reviewed the map prior to its submittal for publication. Other reviewers, to whom the editors are indebted, were Herbert E. Wright, Jr., University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Charles L. Matsch, University of Minnesota- Duluth, and Van S. Williams, U.S. Geological Survey. Surficial deposits have been mapped and described in less than forty percent of the conterminous United States. Traditionally, mapping of surficial deposits has been focused on glacial, alluvial, eolian, lacustrine, marine, and landslide deposits. Slope and upland deposits have been mapped in detail only in restricted areas. However, an enormous amount of engineering construction and many important problems of land use and land management are associated with regions that have extensive slope and upland deposits (colluvium, residuum, saprolite, and solifluction deposits, for example). These materials have many different physical characteristics. Therefore, an effort has been made to classify, map, and describe these deposits, based in large part on unpublished interpretations, published and unpublished subsoil and substratum data, and the distribution of bedrock parent materials. The classification is crude, but it represents a first step toward a more refined and useful product. For scientific purposes, the map differentiates Quaternary surficial deposits on the basis of a combination of criteria, such as lithology or composition, texture or particle size, structure, genesis, stratigraphic relationships, and age, as shown on the correlation diagram and indicated in the map unit descriptions. Some constructional geomorphic features, such as end moraines, are distinguished as map units. Erosional landforms, such as stream terraces, are not distinguished as map units, and differentiation of sequences of alluvial deposits of different ages in most regions is not possible at the scale of 1:1,000,000. Most landslide deposits are too small to be shown at this scale, but areas in which landslides are present are distinguished as a map unit in the southwestern part of the quadrangle. For practical purposes, the map is a surficial materials map. Materials are distinguished on the basis of lithology or composition, texture or particle size, and local specific engineering characteristics. It is not a map of soils as soils are recognized and classified in pedology or agronomy. Rather, it is a generalized map of soils as recognized in engineering geology, or of substrata or parent materials in which pedologic and agronomic soils are formed. As a materials map it serves as a base from which a wide variety of derivative maps for use in planning engineering, land use, or land management projects can be compiled. The digital file was prepared at 1:1,000,000 nominal viewing scale. If the map is enlarged to larger scales (for example, 1:250,000, 1:100,000, or 1:24,000 scale), resolution of the map data is greatly diminished. Enlargement will not restore resolution that was lost by simplification or generalization of data. This database represents an attempt to digitally capture all the geologic information available on the published paper map. Separate coverages are provided for the map unit polygons, linear glacial features, point data for drumlins and direction of ice movement, and line coverages for the hydrology and topography. The description of map units and sources of information are both included as PDF files. The published maps of the Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the United States used three separate projections. To promote uniformity, the projection of this database was changed from Lambert Conformal Conic to Albers Equal Area and all subsequent digital databases will similarly be changed to Albers Equal Area Projection. Illustrations are provided showing areas of responsibility for the compilation of the map, loess distribution in the map area, tentative relationships of late Wisconsin glacial lobes and phases in the map area, a table showing relative ages of glacial phases within selected lobes, and showing the correlation of map units. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee- compliant metadata file is intended to document the data set in nonproprietary form, as well as in ArcInfo format, this metadata file includes some ArcInfo-specific terminology. >The dataset for the Minneapolis quadrangle consists of 10 coverages. > geo_net > gla_lin > gla_pnt > hydr_lin > topo_lin > bnd_lin > bnd_net > rd_lin > rr_lin > grid_lin > The dataset also includes an Arc/Info AML, keyfiles, lineset, shadeset, and markerset that will produce the gra, ai, or eps file of the geology and glacial features and the list of map units. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1978 Ending_Date: 1980 Currentness_Reference: Publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None Planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -96.00 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -90.00 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 48.00 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 44.00 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: American Geological Institute (AGI) Glossary of Geology Theme_Keyword: Alluvium Theme_Keyword: Coastal deposits Theme_Keyword: Colluvium Theme_Keyword: Delta Theme_Keyword: Drumlin Theme_Keyword: Dune Theme_Keyword: Eolian deposits Theme_Keyword: Esker Theme_Keyword: Genesis Theme_Keyword: Geologic history Theme_Keyword: Geologic map Theme_Keyword: Geology Theme_Keyword: Glacial deposits Theme_Keyword: Glacial limits Theme_Keyword: Holocene Theme_Keyword: Ice-contact deposits Theme_Keyword: Ice-molded landforms Theme_Keyword: Lacustrine deposits Theme_Keyword: Loess Theme_Keyword: Moraine Theme_Keyword: Outwash deposits Theme_Keyword: Peat Theme_Keyword: Pleistocene Theme_Keyword: Quaternary Theme_Keyword: Quaternary geology Theme_Keyword: Regional geology Theme_Keyword: Sand deposits Theme_Keyword: Sedimentary Rocks Theme_Keyword: Surficial deposits Theme_Keyword: Surficial geology Theme_Keyword: Swamp deposits Theme_Keyword: Till Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: U.S. Board on Geographic Names (BGN) Place_Keyword: Great Lakes Place_Keyword: Lake Superior Place_Keyword: Michigan Place_Keyword: Minneapolis Place_Keyword: Minnesota Place_Keyword: Wisconsin Place_Keyword: United States Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: Richmond, G.M., and Fullerton, D.S., eds., 1986, Introduction, in Quaternary glaciations in the United States of America: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 5. Temporal_Keyword: Early Wisconsin Temporal_Keyword: Holocene Temporal_Keyword: Illinoian Temporal_Keyword: Late Wisconsin Temporal_Keyword: Pleistocene Temporal_Keyword: Pre-Illinoian Temporal_Keyword: Pre-Wisconsin Temporal_Keyword: Quaternary Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Acknowledgment of the Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the United States of America and (or) the U.S. Geological Survey in products derived from these data will be appreciated. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Charles A. Bush Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Emeritus Geophysicist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical address Address: Mail Stop 980, Box 25046, Federal Center City: Lakewood State_or_Province: Colorado Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (303) 236-4723 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (303) 236-0214 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cbush@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-15_map.pdf Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Scan of the original published paper map. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-15_plotfile.pdf Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Plot of the digital files containing map units, linear and point glacial features, hydrology, topography and list of map symbols optimized for printing. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-15_correlation.pdf Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Scan of correlation chart on published paper map. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-15_index.pdf Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Index map showing location of Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the U.S. quadrangles and quadrangles published digitally and as paper maps. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-15_responsibility.pdf Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Scan of illustration of state compilation responsibilities shown on the paper map. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-15_glacialphases.pdf Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Scan of chart showing relative ages of glacial phases in selected lobes shown on the paper map. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-15_loess.pdf Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Scan of illustration of loess distribution shown on the paper map. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: I-1420_nl-15_lobes.pdf Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Scan of illustration of tentative relationships of late Wisconsin glacial lobes and phases shown on the paper map. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Data_Set_Credit: The Quaternary Geologic Map of the Minneapolis 4 Degree x 6 Degree Quadrangle, United States, I-1420 (NL-15) was compiled by Joseph E. Goebel, Howard C. Hobbs, and Matt S. Walton, Jr., Minnesota Geological Survey; David M. Mickelson, Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Lee Clayton, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey; James C. Knox, Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Adam Cahow, Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire; and William R. Farrand, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan. The state compilations were edited and integrated by Gerald M. Richmond and David S. Fullerton, U.S. Geological Survey. The compilations of geology and glacial features were converted to digital form by Techni Graphic Systems, Inc., of Fort Collins, CO, under contract with the U.S. Geological Survey and modified by Charles A. Bush. The hydrography and topography layers were prepared by Sarah Wallace and C.A. Bush, U.S. Geological Survey. Illustrations, wordprocessor files, and the National Atlas road, railroad, and boundary coverages and were prepared by C.A. Bush. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Windows_NT, 4.0, Intel ArcInfo version 9.1 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Compilation of geologic data: The accuracy of the map data is dependent on (1) the accuracy of the original source data, (2) the accuracy of transfer of that data to smaller scale bases by the compilers, (3) the procedures by which the compilers and the editor/integrator simplified or generalized the data, and (4) the procedures used by, and the objectivity exercised by, the editor/integrator in integration of adjacent parts of the map that were prepared by different compilers. Consequently, aspects of accuracy for the data set cannot be quantified. Digitization and attributing of compilation: Digitizing contractor scanned source stable-base material, vectorized scan, attributed files, and produced check plots and coverages. C.A. Bush proofread check plots and reviewed digital files; made final corrections as needed; produced graphical files and imported them into graphics program to prepare plot file; proofread cartographic product; prepared illustrations and word processing files of descriptions of map units and sources of information. The original paper map was scanned and recreated as PDF files. (The original map was thoroughly reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards and stratigraphic nomenclature.) Logical_Consistency_Report: Polygon and chain-node topology are present. The ArcInfo commands BUILD and CLEAN were run to ensure the topological consistency of the data set. All polygons are labeled and were tested by using the ArcInfo command LABELERRORS. All polygons were checked for closure and intersections. Since this map was a collaboration of many compilers, some differences in the data that appear along the boundaries of compilation, represent differences in interpretation by the compilers, rather than actual differences in the materials. Completeness_Report: These coverages contain polygons for all the map units, lines for all the contacts and glacial features, and points for all the locations of eskers, direction of ice movement indicated by striated or grooved bedrock, wind direction indicated by dune orientation, and ice-molded landforms. Map unit names were changed for tills with different types of moraines. For units with ground moraines, the letter "(g)" was added to the original unit designation. "(e)" and "(s)" were added for end moraines and stagnation moraines. All geologic data from the original map are expressed on this map. Any differences between elements on the original map and attributed polygons, arcs, and points in this database are inadvertent and should not be construed as deliberate alterations of the data. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The accuracy of location of polygons, lines, and points is consistent with the map scale of 1:1,000,000. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Gerald M. Richmond (ed.) Originator: David S. Fullerton (ed.) Originator: Joseph E. Goebel (comp.) Originator: David M. Mickelson (comp.) Originator: William R. Farrand (comp.) Originator: Lee Clayton (comp.) Originator: James C. Knox (comp.) Originator: Adam Cahow (comp.) Originator: Howard C. Hobbs (comp.) Originator: Matt S. Walton, Jr. (comp.) Publication_Date: 1983 Title: Quaternary Geologic Map of the Minneapolis 4° x 6° Quadrangle, United States Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Miscellaneous Investigations Series Issue_Identification: I-1420 (NL-15) Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Source_Scale_Denominator: 1000000 Type_of_Source_Media: mylar separates from printer's negatives for printed map Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1978 Ending_Date: 1980 Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Richmond and Fullerton, 1983 Source_Contribution: Linework and point data for the data sets Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 200206 Title: State Boundaries of the United States Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: National Atlas of the United States Source_Scale_Denominator: 2000000 Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1972 Ending_Date: 2002 Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Statesp020 Source_Contribution: spatial and attribute information Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Atlas of the United States Publication_Date: 200411 Title: County Boundaries of the United States, 2001 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: National Atlas of the United States Source_Scale_Denominator: 2000000 Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1972 Ending_Date: 2001 Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Countyp020 Source_Contribution: spatial and attribute information Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Atlas of the United States Publication_Date: 199911 Title: Major Roads of the United States Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Source_Scale_Denominator: 2000000 Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1972 Ending_Date: 1999 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Roadtrl020 Source_Contribution: spatial and attribute information Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Atlas of the United States Publication_Date: 199812 Title: Railroads of the United States Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Source_Scale_Denominator: 2000000 Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 199812 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Railrdl020 Source_Contribution: spatial information Process_Step: Process_Description: Digitizing contractor scanned source stable-base material for geology and glacial layers, vectorized scans, converted into ArcInfo coverages and attributed files from published paper map, and produced check plots and coverages. Process_Date: 1998 Process_Step: Process_Description: C. A. Bush acquired National Atlas of the United States 1:2,000,000 digital data for roads, railroads, and county boundaries in the United States. Data were clipped to cover only the area of the map. Since the files are intended only for the user's reference, and to reduce file size, all attributes were removed from the railroad coverage. All attributes were removed from the roads coverage except U.S. and State highway designations. All attributes were removed from the boundaries coverage except those containing state or county names. A coverage was created containing map and state boundaries. These coverages do not exactly match the base used in preparation of the original Quaternary Atlas map, but are included for the user's convenience. C.A. Bush scanned and vectorized hydrology and topography layers from source stable-base material. Process_Date: 2005 Process_Step: Process_Description: C.A. Bush created illustration of the index map on the paper map in a drawing program and changed it to reflect the status of conversion of Quaternary Geologic Atlas quadrangles to digital databases. C.A. Bush scanned original printed map and also separated State compilation responsibility and map unit correlation diagrams, cleaned the scans, and converted them to PDF format. Map unit descriptions and sources of information as given on the printed map were scanned and converted by an Optical Character Recognition computer program into text files and to PDF format. Process_Date: 2005 Process_Step: Process_Description: Coverages of geology and glacial features were checked and corrected or changed. Map unit names were changed for units composed of multiple moraines. An "(e)" was added to the units composed of end moraines; "(g)" was added to the units composed of ground moraines; and "(s)" was added to stagnation moraines. This was done to simplify the database. Additional items were included in the attributes. AML's were created to plot the data. Plots were imported into graphics program to create a plotfile of the digital map (Bush). Process_Date: 2005 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 5094 SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 7928 SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: GT-polygon composed of chains Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 5095 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Map_Projection: Map_Projection_Name: Albers Conical Equal Area Albers_Conical_Equal_Area: Standard_Parallel: 29.5 Standard_Parallel: 45.5 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -96 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 23 False_Easting: 0.00000 False_Northing: 0.00000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 53 Ordinate_Resolution: 53 Planar_Distance_Units: Meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.4 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.98 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The geo_net coverage includes polygons that are map units and open water, and arcs that are contacts, colorboundaries, and shoreline. The geo_net.pat INFO file consists of the following items: GEOCODE--Refers to the type of polygon and is one of the following: map unit code (listed below) or "water". MAPUNITS--A description of the soils within the map units (see below). AGE--Refers to the age of the map unit and is one of the following: "HOLOCENE," "HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN," "LATE WISCONSIN," "EARLY WISCONSIN," "PRE-WISCONSIN," "PRE-ILLINOIAN," OR "PLEISTOCENE." MODIFIER--Indicates if the unit is under water ("submerged") or is the name of a lake. COLOR--An integer value representing a shade pattern in the shadeset color524.shd used in preparing the plotfile of the map. Items in geo_net.pat are defined as follows: >GEOCODE; MAPUNITS; AGE; MODIFIER (where applicable) > >lm; LAKE CLAY UNDER LAKE SUPERIOR; HOLOCENE; Submerged >lc; LAKE SILT AND CLAY UNDER LAKE SUPERIOR; HOLOCENE; Submerged >ls; LAKE SAND AND GRAVEL UNDER LAKE SUPERIOR; HOLOCENE; Submerged > >al; ALLUVIUM; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >hp; PEAT; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN >ca; COLLUVIUM AND SHEETWASH ALLUVIUM; HOLOCENE AND LATE WISCONSIN > >lca; LAKE SILT AND CLAY; LATE WISCONSIN >lsa; LAKE SAND; LATE WISCONSIN >lga; LAKE SANDY GRAVEL; LATE WISCONSIN >gg; OUTWASH SAND AND GRAVEL; LATE WISCONSIN >gs; OUTWASH SAND; LATE WISCONSIN >ks; ICE-CONTACT SAND; LATE WISCONSIN >kg; ICE-CONTACT SAND AND GRAVEL; LATE WISCONSIN >tce(g); CLAYEY TILL--Ground moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tce(g); CLAYEY TILL--Ground moraine under Lake Superior; LATE WISCONSIN; > Submerged >tce(e); CLAYEY TILL--End moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tcf(g); CLAYEY TILL--Ground moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tcf(e); CLAYEY TILL--End moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tcf(s); CLAYEY TILL--Stagnation moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlf(g); LOAMY TILL--Ground moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlf(e); LOAMY TILL--End moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlg(g); LOAMY TILL--Ground moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlg(e); LOAMY TILL--End moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlg(s); LOAMY TILL--Stagnation moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tlh; LOAMY TILL; LATE WISCONSIN >tdb(g); SANDY LOAMY TILL--Ground moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tdb(g); SANDY LOAMY TILL--Ground moraine under Lake Superior; LATE WISCONSIN; > Submerged >tdb(e); SANDY LOAMY TILL--End moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tdb(s); SANDY LOAMY TILL--Stagnation morain; LATE WISCONSINe >tdr; SANDY LOAMY TILL--Attenuated drift; LATE WISCONSIN >tdc(g); SANDY LOAMY TILL--Ground moraine; LATE WISCONSIN >tdc(s); SANDY LOAMY TILL--Stagnation moraine; LATE WISCONSIN > >tde(g); SANDY LOAMY TILL--Ground moraine; EARLY WISCONSIN >tde(e); SANDY LOAMY TILL--End moraine; EARLY WISCONSIN >tdf; SANDY LOAMY TILL; EARLY WISCONSIN > >tlp; LOAMY TILL; PRE-WISCONSIN >tlk; LOAMY TILL; PRE-ILLINOIAN >ggp; OUTWASH SAND AND GRAVEL; PRE-ILLINOIAN > >cr; COLLUVIUM; PLEISTOCENE > >lake; Lake >river; River >f; MAN MADE LAND > > The geo_net.aat INFO file consists of the following item: LTYPE--Refers to the type of arc and is one of the following: "Contact," "Shoreline," or "Map Boundary." The gla_lin coverage contains lines of linear glacial features. The gla_lin.aat INFO file consists of the following items: LTYPE--Refers to the type of glacial feature described by the arc and is one of the following: "ESKER", "LIMIT OF GLACIAL ADVANCE", "MELTWATER CHANNEL", or "MAP BOUNDARY." MODIFIER--Refers to type = "MELTWATER CHANNEL" and is either "Left bank" or "Right bank"; or type = "LIMIT OF GLACIAL ADVANCE" where values may be "Mapped limit of end moraine or outer limit of till," "Inferred limit," "Buried limit," or "Interlobate limit." The gla_pnt coverage contains points that represent glacial features. The gla_pnt.pat INFO file consists of the following items: PTYPE--Refers to the type of feature shown at the point and is one of the following: "DIRECTION OF ICE MOVEMENT INDICATED BY STRIATIONS AND GROOVED BEDROCK", "WIND DIRECTION INDICATED BY DUNE ORIENTATIONS," or "DRUMLIN". ANGLE--Refers to the direction of item listed in PTYPE; in degrees measured clockwise from north. MRK--Number of the markersymbol used to represent the item listed in PTYPE. Hydr_lin is a line coverage created after scanning the hydrographic layer that was used in the original paper map. It has no user-defined attributes. Topo_lin is a line coverage created after scanning the topographic layer that was used in the original paper map. It has no user-defined attributes. Bnd_lin is a line coverage created from 1:2,000,000-scale National Atlas of the United States coverage containing state boundaries. It contains lines representing state and map boundaries. The bnd_lin.aat INFO file contains the following item: LTYPE--Refers to the type of line and contains the values: "State Boundary' or "Map Boundary". The coverage is annotated with state names along boundaries. Bnd_net is a polygon coverage created from 1:2,000,000-scale National Atlas of the United States coverage of the United States and contains political and administrative boundaries. The polygons were stripped of all items in the coding scheme except ST (STATE) and CNTYNAME (county). Rd_lin is a line coverage created from 1:2,000,000-scale National Atlas of the United States Major Roads in the United States coverage. The coverage contains lines representing roads in the map area. All attributes have been stripped from the lines except FEATURE, NAME, and STATE. FEATURE contains the following values: "Limited Access Highway," "Other Highway," "Other through Highway," or "Principal Highway." NAME contains the names of state and U.S. highways. Rr_lin is a line coverage created from 1:2,000,000-scale National Atlas of the United States Railroads of the United States coverage. The coverage contains lines representing railroads in the U.S. part of the map area. It has no user defined attributes. Grid_lin is a line coverage created to display projection lines in one-degree increments. It has no user-defined attributes. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Central Publications Group Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing address Address: U.S. Geological Survey, MS902, Box 25046, Denver Federal Center City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (303) 236-7684 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (303) 236-6287 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: tpinto@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-1420 (NL-15), "Quaternary Geologic Map of the Minneapolis 4° × 6° Quadrangle, United States" Distribution_Liability: Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this data set has been used by the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as to the accuracy and functioning of the data set and related material nor shall the fact of distribution constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in connection therewith. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ARCE, SHP Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 9.1 File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: Fees: No cost for the digital files. Technical_Prerequisites: ArcGIS 9.1 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: U.S. Geological Survey Information Services, Box 25286, Denver Federal Center City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Resource_Description: Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-1420 (NL-15), "Quaternary Geologic Map of the Minneapolis 4° × 6° Quadrangle, United States" (printed edition) Distribution_Liability: None Standard_Order_Process: Non-digital_Form: Available as one folded sheet, printed on a four-color press; order from USGS at address listed above. Fees: Call 1-888-ASK-USGS or visit http://ask.usgs.gov/prices/ for current price of printed edition. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20061211 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Charles A. Bush Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Emeritus Geophysicist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: U.S. Geological Survey, MS913, Box 25046, Denver Federal Center City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (303) 236-4723 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (303) 236-0214 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cbush@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998