Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes
Aerial view northeastward of the flat-floored Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes (no longer "smoking"). Ash flows came out of the large pumice-filled depression south of the three truncated spurs of Baked Mountain (ash-covered hill, photo center). The small Novarupta lava dome (center) is encircled by a ring of pumice-rich ejecta. The River Lethe cuts through the soft ash-flow deposits along the western (left) side of the Valley, and Knife Creek along the northeastern (upper right) side. Light-colored 1912 pumice and ash fall mantles the surrounding countryside. Photo by Judy Fierstein; summer, 1992.