USGS

Study Guide for a Beginning Course in Ground-Water Hydrology: Part II -- Instructor's Guide

U.S. Geological Survey, Open-File Report 92-637

by 0. Lehn Franke, Thomas E. Reilly, Herbert T. Buxton, and Dale L. Simmons


Table of Contents

Introduction

Purpose and scope of instructor's guide

Suggestions to instructors on teaching the course

Section (I)--Fundamental concepts and definitions

Dimensions and conversion of units

Answers to Exercise (1-1) Dimensions and conversion of units

Water budgets

Answers to Exercise (l-2) Water budgets and the hydrologic equation

Characteristics of earth materials related to hydrogeology

Occurrence of subsurface water

Pressure and hydraulic head

Answers to Exercise (l-3) Hydrostatic pressure

Answers to Exercise (l-4) Hydraulic head

Preparation and interpretation of water-table maps

Answers to Exercise (1-S) Head gradients and the direction of ground-water flow

Ground-water/surface-water relations

Answers to Exercise (l-6) Ground-water flow pattern near gaining streams

Supplemental problem on ground-water/surface-water relations, with answers

Section (2)--Principles of ground-water flow and storage

Darcy's law

Answers to Exercise (2-l) Darcy's law

Transmissivity

Answers to Exercise (2-2) Transmissivity and equivalent vertical hydraulic conductivity in a layered sequence

Aquifers, confining layers , unconfined and confined flow

Ground-water storage

Answers to Exercise (2-3) Specific yield

Ground-water flow equation

Section (3)--Description and analysis of ground-water systems

System concept

Information required to describe a ground-water system

Preliminary conceptualization of a ground-water system

Answers to Exercise (3-l) Refining the conceptualization of a ground-water flow system from head maps and hydrogeologic sections

Answer to the third unnumbered assignment under "Preliminary conceptualization of a ground-water system"

Analysis of ground-water systems through use of flow nets

Answers to Exercise (3-2) Flow net beneath an impermeable wall

Regional ground-water flow and depiction of ground-water systems by means of hydrogeologic maps and sections

Geology and the occurrence of ground water

Description of a real ground-water system

Source of water to a pumped well

Answers to Exercise (3-3) Source of water to a pumped well

Role of numerical simulation in analyzing ground-water systems

Section (4)--Ground-water flow to wells

Concept of ground-water flow to wells

Analysis of flow to a well-- Introduction to basic analytical solutions

Answers to Exercise (4-l) Derivation of the Dupuit-Thiem equation for unconfined radial flow

Analysis of flow to a well-- Applying analytical solutions to specific problems

Answers to Exercise (4-Z) Comparison of drawdown near a pumped well in confined and unconfined aquifers through use of the Thiem and Dupuit-Thiem equations

Answers to unnumbered example problem

Answers to Exercise (4-3) Analysis of a hypothetical aquifer test by using the Theis solution

Concept of superposition and its application to well-hydraulic problems

Answers to Exercise (4-4) Superposition of drawdowns caused by a pumped well on the pre-existing head distribution in an areal flow system

Aquifer tests

Section (5)--Ground-water contamination

Background and field procedures related to ground-water contamination

Physical mechanisms of solute transport in ground water

Answers to Exercise (5-l) Ground-water travel times in the flow system beneath a partially penetrating impermeable wall

Answers to Exercise (5-2) Advective movement and travel times in a hypothetical stream-aquifer system

Answers to Exercise (5-3) Application of the one-dimensional advective-dispersive equation

Selected references

 


 

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