1_README.TXT U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OPEN-FILE REPORT 96-513-B SIGNIFICANT METALLIFEROUS AND SELECTED NON-METALLIFEROUS LODE DEPOSITS AND PLACER DISTRICTS FOR THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST, ALASKA, AND THE CANADIAN CORDILLERA By Warren J. Nokleberg (1), Thomas K. Bundtzen (2), Kenneth M. Dawson (3), Roman A. Eremin (4), Nikolai A. Goryachev (4), Richard D. Koch (1), Vladimir V. Ratkin (5), Ilya S. Rozenblum (6), Vladimir I. Shpikerman (4), Yuri F. Frolov (7), Mary E. Gorodinsky (6), Vladimir D. Melnikov (8), Michael F. Diggles (1), Nikolai V. Ognyanov (5), Eugene D. Petrachenko (5), Rimma I. Petrachenko (5), Anany I. Pozdeev (7), Katherina V. Ross (3), Douglas H. Wood (3), Donald Grybeck (9), Alexander I. Khanchuk (5), Lidiya I. Kovbas (5), Ivan Ya. Nekrasov (5), and Anatoly A. Sidorov (4) (1)-U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park (2)-Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks (3)-Geological Survey of Canada, Vancouver (4)-Russian Academy of Sciences, Magadan (5)-Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok (6)-Geological Committee of Northeastern Russia, Magadan (7)-Geological Committee of Kamchatka, Petropavlovsk- Kamchatsky (8)-Geological Committee of Amur Region, Blagoveshchensk (9)-U.S. Geological Survey, Anchorage 1997 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GORDON P. EATON, Director For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services, ESIC Open-File Reports, PO Box 25286, Denver, CO 80225 (telephone 303-202-4210). DISCLAIMERS This Compact Disc-Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. 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This CD-ROM contains a full-text index (INDEX.PDX) that is for use in searching the .PDF files for words or sets of words using the search tool in Acrobat Reader FILES ON CD-ROM 1_README.TXT (This file) ACROBAT directory (Installers for Acrobat Reader) INDEX directory (working directories for Acrobat Search) INDEX.PDX (index file for Acrobat Search) LODE.FM (Lode deposit data base in FileMaker Pro 2.0 format) LODE.PDF (Lode deposit data base in Adobe Acrobat PDF format) LODE.TXT (Lode deposit data base in tab-delimited ASCII text format) PLAC.FM (Placer district data base in FileMaker Pro 2.0 format) PLAC.PDF (Placer district data base in Adobe Acrobat PDF format) PLAC.TXT (Placer district data base in tab-delimited ASCII text format) RFENAREF.DOC (References to tables Microsoft WORD 6.0 for Windows and Macintosh format) RFENAREF.MCW (References to tables in Microsoft WORD 5.1 for Macintosh format) RFENAREF.PDF (References to tables in Adobe Acrobat PDF format) RFENAREF.TXT (References to tables in ASCII text format) RFENATAB.DOC (Introductory text to tables in Microsoft WORD 6.0 for Windows and Macintosh format) RFENATAB.MCW (Introductory text to tables in Microsoft WORD 5.1 for Macintosh format) RFENATAB.PDF (Introductory text to tables in Adobe Acrobat PDF format) RFENATAB.TXT (Introductory text to tables in ASCII text format) EXPLANATION OF LODE DEPOSIT DATA FIELDS Field Name Explanation Belt_Metallogenic Name of metallogenic belt Commodities_Major Major metals Commodities_Minor Minor metals Country Name of country Deposit_Name Name of deposit Deposit_Type Mineral deposit type (model) Grade_Tonnage Summary data on grade and tonnage of deposit Latitude_DD Value of latitude in decimal degrees; calculated from Latitude_DMS Latitude_DM Value of latitude in degrees and minutes; calculated from Latitude_DMS Latitude_DMS Value of latitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds Longitude_DD Value of Longitude in decimal degrees; calculated from Longitude_DMS Longitude _DM Value of Longitude in degrees and minutes; calculated from Longitude _DMS Longitude _DMS Value of Longitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds Map_Col Vertical column containing deposit Map_Row Horizontal row containing deposit No.In_Section Number of deposit within section (quadrant) References Citation for primary references describing deposit SiteNo_Combined Combination of Map_Row , Map_Col, and No.In_Section Summary Summary of deposit EXPLANATION OF PLACER DISTRICT DATA FIELDS Field Name Explanation Commodities_Major Major metals Commodities_Minor Minor metals Country Name of country Deposit_Name Name of deposit Deposit_Size Size of deposit Deposit_Type Mineral deposit type (model) Fineness Finess of gold in district Grade Grade of gold in district Grade_Tonnag Summary data on grade and tonnage of deposit; combined from Fineness, Grade, Tonnage, and Years_of_Production fields Latitude_DD Value of latitude in decimal degrees; calculated from Latitude_DMS Latitude_DM Value of latitude in degrees and minutes; calculated from Latitude_DMS Latitude_DMS Value of latitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds Longitude_DD Value of Longitude in decimal degrees; calculated from Longitude_DMS Longitude _DM Value of Longitude in degrees and minutes; calculated from Longitude_DMS Longitude _DMS Value of Longitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds Map_Col Vertical column containing deposit Map_Row Horizontal row containing deposit No.In_Section Number of deposit within section (quadrant) References Citation for primary references describing deposit SiteNo_Combined Combination of Map_Row , Map_Col, and No.In_Section Summary Summary of deposit Tonnage Tonnage of deposit Years_of_Production Calendar years during which district produced INTRODUCTION TO REPORT This report is a tabular compilation of the significant metalliferous and selected non-metalliferous lode deposits and placer districts of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and the Canadian Cordillera. The report provides detailed summaries of the important features of the significant lode deposits and placer districts, a summary of mineral deposit models, and a bibliography of cited references. Data are provided herein for 1,079 significant lode deposits and 158 significant placer districts of the region. The tabular data are provided in Table 1 for significant lode deposits, and in Table 2 for significant placer districts at the end of report. Alphabetical indices of the tabular data are provided after Tables 1 and 2. The Alaskan and Canadian mineral deposit data are derived from revisions of Dawson (1984), Nokleberg and others (1987, 1993, 1994a, b), from new unpublished data of the authors, and from recent publications. The Russian Far East mineral deposit data represent new compilations by the Russian authors using cited references and unpublished data of the authors. This report is also published as a paper version (Open-File Report 96-513-A) (Nokleberg and others, 1996). The report is part of a project on the major mineral deposits, metallogenesis, and tectonics of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and the Canadian Cordillera. The project is to provides critical information for collaborators and customers on the major metalliferous mineral resources, metallogenic patterns, and crustal origin and evolution of mineralizing systems for the Russian Far East, Alaska, and the Canadian Cordillera. The major scientific goals and benefits of the project are to: (1) provide a comprehensive international data base on the mineral resources of the region that is the first, extensive knowledge available in English; (2) provide major new interpretations of the origin and crustal evolution of mineralizing systems and their host rocks, thereby enabling enhanced, broad-scale tectonic reconstructions and interpretations; and (3) promote trade and scientific and technical exchanges between the North America and Eastern Asia. Data from the project are providing sound scientific data and interpretations for commercial firms, governmental agencies, universities, and individuals that are developing new ventures and studies in the project area, and for land-use planning studies that deal with both mineral potential issues. The Russian Far East part of the project (as well as Alaska and the Canadian Cordillera) has vast potential for known and undiscovered mineral deposits; however, little information existed in English in the West until publication of products from this project. Consequently, data and interpretations from the project are providing basic knowledge for major scientific, commercial, national, and international endeavors by other interested individuals and groups. The major collaborating agencies for the project are the Russian Academy of Sciences, ROSKOMNEDRA, the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, the Geological Survey of Canada, the U.S. Geological Survey, the University of Alaska, Michigan State University, Exxon Production Research, and the Geological Survey of Japan. Other Western collaborators are Stanford University, the Northwest Mining Association, the Alaska Miners Association, and the Society of Economic Geologists. Customers include scientists and managers in major governmental agencies, universities, private environmental, resource, and information companies, news media, and professional organizations in North America, Eastern Asia, and the Russian Far East. Published major companion studies for the project are: (1) a report on the metallogenesis of mainland Alaska and the Russian Northeast (Nokleberg and others, 1993); (2) a tectono-stratigraphic terrane map of the Circum-North Pacific at 5.0 million scale with a detailed explanation of map units and stratigraphic columns (Nokleberg and others, 1994); and a summary terrane map of the Circum-North Pacific at 10 million scale (Nokleberg and others, 1997a, b). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the many geologists who have worked with us for their valuable expertise on geology, metallogenesis, and tectonics in various regions of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and the Canadian Cordillera. In particular we thank J.N. Aleinikoff, Yu.V. Arkhipov, H.C. Berg, R.B. Blodgett, S.E. Box, D.C. Bradley, D.A. Brew, M.D. Bulgakova, S.G. Byalobzhesky, J. Decker, Cynthia Dusel-Bacon, H.L. Foster, V.V. Gaiduk, B.M. Gamble, V.V. Golozubov, D.G. Howell, D.L. Jones, S.M. Karl, S.V. Kovalenko, W.C. McClelland, E.M. MacKevett, Jr., A.V. Makhinin, M.V. Martynyuk, M.L. Miller, T.P. Miller, L.Ph. Mishin, E.J. Moll-Stalcup, J.W.H. Monger, T.E. Moore, L.M. Natapov, S.W. Nelson, B.A. Natal'in, V.S. Oxman, S.A. Palandzhyan, I.V. Panchenko, T.L. Pavlis, L.M. Parfenov, L.I. Popeko, A.V. Prokopiev, J.C. Reed, Jr., D.H. Richter, S.M. Roeske, N.J. Silberling, T.E. Smith, S.D. Sokolov, A.B. Till, F.F. Tretâyakov, A.N. Vishnevskiy, I.G. Volkodav, W.K. Wallace, G.R. Winkler, L.P. Zonenshain, and Yu.P. Zmievsky for their many fruitful discussions. We also thank Ch.B. Borykayev, the late William R. Greenwood, B.A. Morgan III, I.Ya. Nekrasov, A.T. Ovenshine, P.P. Hearn, A.A. Sidorov, T.E. Smith, D.J. Templeman-Kluit, and W.H. White for their encouragement and support of the project. We thank Russian interpreters, the late Lidiya I. Kovbas, and Tatyana L. Koryakina, Tatyana N. Velikoda, Elena Burak, and Elena V. Alekseenko for their skill and assistance during long and complex scientific dialogues, and for translation of complex geologic descriptions and references. We also thank John C. Balla and Boris B. Kotylar for their constructive reviews. REFERENCES CITED Dawson, K.M., 1984, Mineral deposits and principal mineral occurrences of the Canadian Cordillera and adjacent parts of the United States of America: Geological Survey of Canada Map 1513A, 2 sheets, scale 1:2,000,000. Nokleberg, W.J., Bundtzen, T.K., Berg, H.C., Brew, D.A., Grybeck, Donald, Robinson, M.S., Smith, T.E., Yeend, Warren, 1987, Significant metalliferous lode deposits and placer districts of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1786, 104 p., 2 plates, scale 1:5,000,000. Nokleberg, W.J., Bundtzen, T.K., Berg, H.C., Brew, D.A., Grybeck, Donald, Robinson, M.S., Smith, T.E., Yeend, Warren, 1994a, Metallogeny and major mineral deposits of Alaska, in Plafker, G. and Berg, H.C., eds., The Geology of Alaska: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America: The Geology of North America, v. G1, p. 855- 904. Nokleberg, W.J., Bundtzen, T.K., Berg, H.C., Brew, D.A., Grybeck, Donald, Robinson, M.S., Smith, T.E., Yeend, Warren, and 54 contributors, 1994b, Metallogenic map of significant metalliferous lode deposits and placer districts of Alaska, in Plafker, G. and Berg, H.C., eds., The Geology of Alaska: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America: The Geology of North America, v. G1, Plate 11, scale 1:2,500,000. Nokleberg, W.J., Bundtzen, T.K., Dawson, K.M., Eremin, R.A., Goryachev, N.A., Koch, R.D. Ratkin, V.V., Rozenblum, I.S., Shpikerman, V.I., Frolov, Y.F., Gorodinsky, M.E., Melnikov, V.D., Ognyanov, N.V., Petrachenko, E.D., Petrachenko, R.I., Pozdeev, A.I., Ross, K.V., Wood, D.H., Grybeck, Donald, Khanchuk, A.I., Kovbas, L.I., Nekrasov, I.Ya., and Sidorov, A.A., 1996, Significant metalliferous lode deposits and placer districts for the Russian Far East, Alaska, and the Canadian Cordillera U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-513-A (paper format), 385 p. Nokleberg, W.J., Bundtzen, T.K., Grybeck, Donald, Koch, R.D., Eremin, R.A., Rozenblum, I.S., Sidorov, A.A., Byalobzhesky, S.G., Sosunov, G.M., Shpikerman, V.I., and Gorodinsky, M.E., 1993, Metallogenesis of mainland Alaska and the Russian Northeast: Mineral deposit maps, models, and tables, metallogenic belt maps and interpretation, and references cited: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-339, 222 pages, 1 map, scale 1:4,000,000; 5 maps, scale 1:10,000,000. Nokleberg, W.J., Parfenov, L.M., and Monger, J.W.H., and Baranov, B.V., Byalobzhesky, S.G., Bundtzen, T.K., Feeney, T.D., Fujita, Kazuya, Gordey, S.P., Grantz, Arthur, Khanchuk, A.I., Natal'in, B.A., Natapov, L.M., Norton, I.O., Patton, W.W., Jr., Plafker, George, Scholl, D.W., Sokolov, S.D., Sosunov, G.M., Stone, D.B., Tabor, R.W., Tsukanov, N.V., Vallier, T.L. and Wakita, Koji, 1994, Circum-North Pacific tectono-stratigraphic terrane map: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94- 714, 2 sheets, scale 1:5,000,000; 2 sheets, scale 1:10,000,000, 211 p. Nokleberg, W.J., Parfenov, L.M., and Monger, J.W.H., Baranov, B.V., Byalobzhesky, S.G., Bundtzen, T.K., Feeney, T.D., Fujita, Kazuya, Gordey, S.P., Grantz, Arthur, Khanchuk, A.I., Natal'in, B.A., Natapov, L.M., Norton, I.O., Patton, W.W., Jr., Plafker, George, Scholl, D.W., Sokolov, S.D., Sosunov, G.M., Stone, D.B., Tabor, R.W., Tsukanov, N.V., and Vallier, T.L., 1997a, Summary Circum-North Pacific tectono-stratigraphic terrane map: Geological Survey of Open-File 3428, scale 1:10,000,000. Nokleberg, W.J., Parfenov, L.M., and Monger, J.W.H., Baranov, B.V., Byalobzhesky, S.G., Bundtzen, T.K., Feeney, T.D., Fujita, Kazuya, Gordey, S.P., Grantz, Arthur, Khanchuk, A.I., Natal'in, B.A., Natapov, L.M., Norton, I.O., Patton, W.W., Jr., Plafker, George, Scholl, D.W., Sokolov, S.D., Sosunov, G.M., Stone, D.B., Tabor, R.W., Tsukanov, N.V., and Vallier, T.L., 1997b, Summary Circum-North Pacific tectono-stratigraphic terrane map: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-727, scale 1:10,000,000.