Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS; Geologic Division; Eastern Mineral Resources Team; W.F. Cannon Publication_Date: 19990830 Title: DIGITAL GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE PENOKEAN CONTINENTAL MARGIN, NORTHERN MICHIGAN AND WISCONSIN Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Department of the Interior, USGS, Eastern Mineral Resources Team Other_Citation_Details: W.F. Cannon, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 954, Reston, VA 20192 Online_Linkage: http://minerals.usgs.gov/east/midwest/ Description: Abstract: The data on this CD consist of geographic information system (GIS) coverages and tabular data on the geology of Early Proterozoic and Archean rocks in part of the Early Proterozoic Penokean orogeny. The map emphasizes metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks that were deposited along the southern margin of the Superior craton and were later deformed during continental collision at about 1850 Ma. The area includes the famous iron ranges of the south shore region of the Lake Superior district. Base maps, both as digital raster graphics (DRG) and digital line graphs (DLG) are also provided for the convenience of users. The map has been compiled from many individual studies, mostly by USGS researchers, completed during the past 50 years, including many detailed (1:24,000 scale) geologic maps. Data was compiled at 1:100,000 scale and preserves most of the details of source materials. This product is a preliminary release of the geologic map data bases during ongoing studies of the geology and metallogeny of the Penokean continental margin. Files are provided in three formats: Federal Spatial Data Transfer format (SDTS), Arc export format (.e00) files, and Arc coverages. All files can be accessed directly from the CD-ROM using either ARC/INFO 7.1.2 or later or Arc View 3.0 or later software. ESRI's Arc Explorer, a free GIS data viewer available at the web site: http://www.esri.com/software/arcexplorer/index.html also provides display and querying capability for these files. Purpose: The digital map is meant to provide accurate, accessible, and interactive information concerning the ongoing studies of the geology and metallogeny of the Penokean Continental Margin of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and Northern Wisconsin. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19990815 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: in work Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: as needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -91.50000016 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -87 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 47.00103892 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 45.5 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Theme_Keyword: Eastern Mineral Resources Theme_Keyword: Penokean Continental Margin Theme_Keyword: Archean Theme_Keyword: Proterozoic Theme_Keyword: Keweenawan Theme_Keyword: Tectonism Theme_Keyword: Structure Theme_Keyword: Niagra Fault Theme_Keyword: Great Lakes Tectonic Zone Theme_Keyword: Penokean Orogeny Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Place_Keyword: United States of America Place_Keyword: Lake Superior Place_Keyword: Michigan Place_Keyword: Wisonsin Place_Keyword: Marquette Place_Keyword: Gwinn Place_Keyword: Escanaba Place_Keyword: L'Anse Place_Keyword: Iron River Place_Keyword: Iron Mountain Place_Keyword: Wakefield Place_Keyword: Rhinelander Place_Keyword: Ironwood Place_Keyword: Park Falls Place_Keyword: Solon Springs Place_Keyword: Spooner Place_Keyword: Penokean Fold and Thrust Belt Place_Keyword: Wisconsin Magmatic Terrane Place_Keyword: Michigamme Subterrane Place_Keyword: Watersmeet Subterrane Place_Keyword: Beechwood Subterrane Place_Keyword: Park Falls Subterrane Place_Keyword: Iron River Subterrane Place_Keyword: Pembine-Wausau Subterrane Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Stratum_Keyword: Southern Complex Stratum_Keyword: Northern Complex Stratum_Keyword: Marquette Range Supergroup Stratum_Keyword: Chocolay Group Stratum_Keyword: Menominee Group Stratum_Keyword: Baraga Group Stratum_Keyword: Keweenawan Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: none Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: William F. Cannon Contact_Organization: Eastern Mineral Resources, USGS, Department of the Interior Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing Address: USGS National Center, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 954 City: Reston State_or_Province: Virginia Postal_Code: 20192 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-6345 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wcannon@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: map.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: This file map.jpg is a graphic representation of the bedrock geology of the Penokean Continental Margin. Data included in this view include bedrock geologic units, and faults. Base data has not been included in this graphic view, although it is provided as part of this dataset. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG - Joint Photographic Experts Group format Native_Data_Set_Environment: IBM compatible, Personal Computer, Pentium II 350mhz processor, Windows NT Version 4.0, ESRI Arc/Info Version 7.1.1 for Microsoft Windows NT, ESRI ArcView Version 3.1, Data General, DGUX, Arc/Info Version 7.1.1 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The original manually created hard copy maps on mylar used as the basis for this digital version of the map were compiled at a scale of 1:100,000; therefore, the limiting scale for viewing and displaying this digital map is also 1:100,000. Minor errors become visible at larger scales. Attribute accuracy was tested by manual comparison of the source with hard copy plots and/or symbolized display of the map data on an interactive computer graphic system. Logical_Consistency_Report: All internal polygons were tested for closure with vendor software and were checked on hard copy plots. All line intersections end where intended. All polygon areas are described with the exception of the area which represents Lake Superior. Overshoots and undershoots, as well as small polygons and short lines have been corrected or deleted as needed. Completeness_Report: none applicable Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The accuracy of these digital data is based upon their compilation to USGS Digital Line Graph base maps that meet National Map Accuracy Standards. The difference in positional accuracy between the map unit boundaries in the field and their digitized map locations is unknown. The faults coverage is aligned to within approximately 20 meters (ground distance) of the alignment of the associated bedrock geology contacts. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: James, H.L., Clark, L.D., Lamey, C.A., Pettijohn, F.J. Publication_Date: 1961 Title: Geology of Central Dickinson County, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Prof. Paper Issue_Identification: 310 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Gair, J.E. Publication_Date: 1975 Title: Bedrock geology and ore deposits of the Palmer quadrangle, Marquette County, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Prof. Paper Issue_Identification: 769 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Gair, J.E., Thaden, R.E. Publication_Date: 1968 Title: Geology of the Marquette and Sands quadrangles, Marquette County, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Prof. Paper Issue_Identification: 397 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Wier, K.L. Publication_Date: 1967 Title: Geology of the Kelso Junction quadrangle, Iron County, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Bulletin Issue_Identification: 1226 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Gair, J.E., Wier, K.L. Publication_Date: 1956 Title: Geology of the Kiernan Quadrangle, Iron County, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Bulletin Issue_Identification: 1044 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: James, H.L., Dutton, C.E., Pettijohn, F.J., Wier, K.L. Publication_Date: 1968 Title: Geology and ore deposits of the Iron River-Crystal Falls district, Iron County, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Prof. Paper Issue_Identification: 570 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Bayley, R.W., Dutton, C.E., Lamey, C.E. Publication_Date: 1966 Title: Geology of the Menominee iron-bearing district, Dickinson County, Michigan and Florence and Marinette Counties, Wisconsin Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Prof. Paper Issue_Identification: 513 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cannon, W.F. Publication_Date: 1975 Title: Bedrock geologic map of the Republic quadrangle, Marquette County, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-862 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Sims, P.K., Schulz, K.J. Publication_Date: 1993 Title: Geologic map of Precambrian rocks of parts of Iron Mountain and Escanaba 30'x60' quadrangles, northeastern Wisconsin and adjacent Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-2356 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 100000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Sims, P.K. Publication_Date: 1990 Title: Geologic map of Precambrian rocks, Marenisco, Thayer, and Watersmeet 15-minute quadrangles, Gogebic and Ontonagon Counties, Michigan and Vilas County, Wisconsin Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-2093 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 62500 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cannon, W.F., Klasner, J.S. Publication_Date: 1980 Title: Bedrock geologic map of the Kenton-Perch Lake area, northern Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-1290 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 62500 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cannon, W.F., Klasner, J.S. Publication_Date: 1976 Title: Geologic map and geophysical interpretation of the Witch Lake quadrangle, Marquette, Iron, and Baraga Counties, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-987 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 62500 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Fritts, C.E. Publication_Date: 1969 Title: Bedrock geologic map of the Marenisco-Watersmeet area, Gogebic and Ontonagon Counties, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-576 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 48000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Klasner, J.S., LaBerge, G.L., Cannon, W.F. Publication_Date: 1998 Title: Geologic map of the eastern Gogebic iron range, Gogebic County, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-2606 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Klasner, J.S., Cannon, W.F. Publication_Date: 1978 Title: Bedrock geologic map of the southern part of the Michigamme and Three Lakes quadrangles, Marquette and Baraga Counties, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-1078 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cannon, W.F. Publication_Date: 1986 Title: Bedrock geologic map of the Iron River 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle, Michigan and Wisconsin Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-1369-B Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 250000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Dutton, C.E., Linebaugh, R.E. Publication_Date: 1967 Title: Map showing the Precambrian geology of the Menominee iron-bearing district and vicinity, Michigan and Wisconsin Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-466 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 125000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cannon, W.F., Klasner, J.S. Publication_Date: 1977 Title: Bedrock geologic map of the southern part of the Diorite and Champion 7 1/2-minute quadrangles, Marquette County, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-1058 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 1977 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Clark, L.D., Cannon, W.F., Klasner, J.S. Publication_Date: 1975 Title: Bedrock geologic map of the Negaunee SW quadrangle, Marquette County, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-1226 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 1975 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cannon, W.F., Woodruff, L.G., Nicholson, S.W., Hedgman, C.A. Publication_Date: 1996 Title: Bedrock geologic map of the Ashland and northern part of the Ironwood 30' x 60' quadrangles, Wisconsin and Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-2566 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 100000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Sims, P.K. Publication_Date: 1990 Title: Geologic map of Precambrian rocks of Iron Mountain and Escanaba 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangles, northeastern Wisconsin and northwestern Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-2056 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 250000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Foose, M.P. Publication_Date: 1981 Title: Geologic map of the Ned Lake quadrangle, Iron and Baraga Counties, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-1284 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 62500 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Sims, P.K. Publication_Date: 1989 Title: Geologic map of Precambrian rocks of Rice Lake 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle, northern Wisconsin Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-1924 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 250000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cannon, W.F. Publication_Date: 1974 Title: Bedrock geologic map of the Greenwood quadrangle, Marquette County, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-1168 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Sims, P.K. Publication_Date: 1993 Title: Structure map of Archean rocks, Palmer and Sands 7 1/2 minute quadrangles, Michigan, showing Great Lakes tectonic zone Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-2356 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Dutton, C.E. Publication_Date: 1971 Title: Geology of the Florence area, Wisconsin and Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Prof. Paper Issue_Identification: 633 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Puffett,W.P. Publication_Date: 1974 Title: Geology of the Negaunee quadrangle, Marquette County, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Prof. Paper Issue_Identification: 788 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Simmons, G.C. Publication_Date: 1974 Title: Bedrock geologic map of the Ishpeming quandragle, Marquette County, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Geologic Quad. Map Issue_Identification: GQ-1130 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cannon, W.F., Nicholson, S.W., Woodruff, L.G., Hedgman, C.A., Schulz, K.J. Publication_Date: 1995 Title: Geologic map of the Ontonagon and part of the Wakefield 30' x 60' quadrangles, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Misc. Inv. Series Map Issue_Identification: I-2499 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 100000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Bodwell, W.A. Publication_Date: 1972 Title: Marquette-L'Anse region, Baraga and Marquette Counties, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Geological Series, Map Issue_Identification: 1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: Michigan Tech. Univ. Source_Scale_Denominator: 62500 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Mudrey, M.G., Jr. Publication_Date: 1979 Title: Geological summary of the Ashland 2 degree quadrangle Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-file rept. Issue_Identification: 1979-1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: Wisc. Geol. and Nat. Hist. Surv. Source_Scale_Denominator: 250000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Snider, D.W. Publication_Date: 1977 Title: A ground investigation of an aeromagnetic anomaly in north central Dickinson County, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Rept. of Inv. Issue_Identification: 16 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: Geol Surv. Div., Mich. DNR Source_Scale_Denominator: 62500 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Klasner, J.S., Cannon, W.F., Brock, M. Publication_Date: 1979 Title: Bedrock geologic map of parts of the Baraga, Dead River, and Clark Creek basins, Marquette County, Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-file rept. Issue_Identification: 79-1305 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: USGS Source_Scale_Denominator: 62500 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Allen, R.C. Publication_Date: 1914 Title: Geologic map of the Precambrian formations of the Gwinn iron bearing district of Michigan Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Geological Series Issue_Identification: 15 (chap. X) Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: Mich. Geol. Surv. Source_Scale_Denominator: 62500 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Process_Step: Process_Description: The Geology of the Penokean Continental Margin was compiled manually on mylar at 100,000 scale using existing printed maps of the area at various scales. The mylar sheets, containing line art of the geologic polygons, faults, and linear features of the region and with tic marks acting as control points at the corners of the 100,000 scale quadrangles bounding neatlines, were then scanned using an Eagle 4080 C scanner into Scansmith Scan-C version 4.2 as lineart at 300 dpi. Within Scansmith View 3.6 the digital line art, now rasterized, was cleaned up with erasing and drawing tools and saved as a tiff image. Within Arc-Info 7.1.1 this tiff image was registered using the bounding coordinates (in decimal degrees) of the corresponding 100,000 scale quadrangles that the geology of the area was drawn upon. The registered tiff image was then rectified and converted to a grid and then a line coverage. The tics of the line coverage were aligned with the control points drawn on the scanned image. These tics were defined by entering the correct coordinates in decimal degrees, and in this way the scanned image, now a line coverage, was stretched into real world coordinates. The line coverage was built to establish topology and then splined to clean up errors that were created in the image to coverage, raster to vector conversion process. For running spline to straighten wavy lines a grain tolerance of 0.003 was commonly employed, however, each individual coverage demanded individual attention. The faults and other linear features of the coverage were selected and removed from the line coverage, placed into a second coverage that would remain a line coverage, and then attributed. The remaining lines of the original coverage were then converted into a polygon coverage representing the spatial distribution of the bedrock geology of the area and each polygon was then attributed. In this way twelve sheets, the boundaries of which were defined by the entire or, in some cases, parts of the areas, of the 30x60 minute series 1:100,000 scale topographic quadrangle sheets. Lines representing the geologic melange of the area, were processed and entered into Arc-Info as line coverages, later to be converted into both line and polygon coverages. The twelve bounding 100,000 scale quadrangles were L'Anse, Iron River, Wakefield, Ironwood, Marquette, Gwinn, and Escanaba, with parts of Solon Springs, Spooner, Park Falls, Iron Mountain, and Rhinelander also used. All of these individual polygon and line coverages were united, in the case of the polygon coverages with the command mapjoin, and in the case of the line coverages with append. Corresponding lines and polygon boundaries were matched between adjacent coverages in the most exact manner possible, mostly graphically matching up the lines, though in some cases rubbersheeting using the command adjust was necessary. Within Excel a spreadsheet containing further parameters of the polygon coverages was created. These parameters added to our definition of the polygon coverage. They were: unit_name , map_symbol, explanation, era, period, subperiod, supergroup, group, formation/pluton, member , age, major_rocktype, major_subtype, major_lithology, minor_1_rk_type, minor_1_subtype , minor_1_lith, minor_2_rk_type, minor_2_subtype, minor_2_lith, province, terrane, subterrane, province_age, original_prov, original_subprov, orig_prov_age, environment, and tectonic_setting. These attributes and the corresponding data and information associated with them for the individual polygons were converted into a comma delimited text file and then a look up table within Tables. The look up table was then joined to the polygon attribute table of the polygon coverage to create the final attributed polygon coverage. Digital Line Graphic hydrology (both polygon and line), and transportation data from the 100,000 scale quadrangles listed above was downloaded from the web and merged within Arc-View 3.1 and then added to the coverage. Digital Raster Graphic images from the 100,000 scale quadrangle maps were likewise downloaded, then their edges were clipped and they were entered into the project as a catalogue of images. First draft of metadata created by dottke using FGDCMETA.AML ver. 1.2 05/14/98 on ARC/INFO data set f:\geology\..\pcm_workspc\fgdcmeta12\pcgeo Process_Date: 1999 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: vector Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.0000003 Longitude_Resolution: 0.0000003 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal Degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927 Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866 Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.4 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.98 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: pcgeo.pat Entity_Type_Definition: Polygon attribute table for pcgeo polygon coverage. The table contains attributes that address the following four catagories: 1.) STRATIGRAPHIC INFORMATION classifying geologic units according to stratigraphic position,2.) LITHOLOGIC INFORMATION providing three levels of detail (rock type, subtype, and lithology) to allow classification of rock types in both general and specific detail. The classification used is a draft classification scheme being developed by the USGS for digital portrayal of lithologic information. Information is provided for both the major lithologic type for each unit and as many as two additional significant lithologies, 3.) TECTONIC INFORMATION providing information on various aspects of the formation and deformation of units, and 4.) Fault type which classifies faults by type and age. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Contributing Author Attribute: Attribute_Label: AREA Attribute_Definition: Computer generated area of polygon region in square coverage units Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PERIMETER Attribute_Definition: Computer generated perimeter of polygon region in coverage units Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PCGEO# Attribute_Definition: Computer generated internal feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PCGEO-ID Attribute_Definition: User defined feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: UNIT_NAME Attribute_Definition: Name of the geologic units represented as polygons. Stratigraphic name for rock units. For layered rocks, generally corresponds to formation name. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MAP_SYMBOL Attribute_Definition: A unique alphabetic symbol identifying each geologic unit as defined under the attribute "UNIT_NAME". Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EXPLANATION Attribute_Definition: A combination of Unit_name and Map_symbol Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ERA Attribute_Definition: The geologic era in which the rock unit formed. Not earned run average. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PERIOD Attribute_Definition: The geological period in which the rock unit formed. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SUBPERIOD Attribute_Definition: The geological subperiod in which the rock unit formed. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SUPERGROUP Attribute_Definition: The stratigraphic supergroup to which a rock unit is assigned. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: GROUP Attribute_Definition: The stratigraphic group to which a rock unit has been assigned. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FORMATION/PLUTON Attribute_Definition: The stratigraphic formation and igneous pluton to which a rock unit has been assigned. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEMBER Attribute_Definition: The geologic member to which a rock unit has been assigned Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AGE Attribute_Definition: Radiometric age or age range. Shown only for well constrained units. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MAJOR_ROCKTYPE Attribute_Definition: The general lithologic classification for the most abundant rock type in a unit. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MAJOR_SUBTYPE Attribute_Definition: The lithologic subtype for the most abundant rock type in a unit. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MAJOR_LITHOLOGY Attribute_Definition: A specific lithologic name for the most abundant rock type in a unit. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MINOR_1_RK_TYPE Attribute_Definition: The general lithologic classification for a less abundant rock type in a unit. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MINOR_1_SUBTYPE Attribute_Definition: The lithologic subtype for a less abundant rock type in a unit. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MINOR_1_LITH Attribute_Definition: A specific lithologic name for a less abundant rock type in a unit. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MINOR_2_RK_TYPE Attribute_Definition: A specific lithologic name for a less abundant rock type in a unit Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MINOR_2_SUBTYPE Attribute_Definition: The lithologic subtype for a less abundant rock type in a unit. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MINOR_2_LITH Attribute_Definition: A specific lithologic name for a less abundant rock type in a unit. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PROVINCE Attribute_Definition: The geologic province to which a rock unit has been assigned. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: TERRANE Attribute_Definition: The geologic terrane to which a rock unit has been assigned. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SUBTERRANE Attribute_Definition: The geologic subterrane to which a rock unit has been assigned. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PROVINCE_AGE Attribute_Definition: Geologic age of province in which rock unit formed. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ORIGINAL_PROV Attribute_Definition: Tectonic province in which older rocks were originally formed. Applied mostly to Archean rocks that were modified during Penokean orogeny. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ORIGINAL_SUBPROV Attribute_Definition: Tectonic subprovince in which older rocks were originally formed. Applied mostly to Archean rocks that were modified during Penokean orogeny. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ORIG_PROV_AGE Attribute_Definition: Original age of older rocks that have been modified during the Penokean orogeny. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ENVIRONMENT Attribute_Definition: The physical environment in which the rock units were formed. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: TECTONIC_SETTING Attribute_Definition: The tectonic setting in which rock units were formed. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FAULT_TYPE Attribute_Definition: A classification of faults by type and age. Penokean thrust- Major thrust faults formed during the Penokean orogeny. Most are boundaries between terranes or subterranes. All of the Penokean Thrust faults are north thrusting. Secondary Penokean thrust- thrust faults formed during the Penokean orogeny. Generally occur within a single subterrane. The Secondary Penokean Thrust Faults are variable in direction. Keweenawan thrust- thrust faults of Middle Proterozoic age related to the Midcontinent rift.The Keweenawan thrust faults are south thrusting. Faults with some Keweenawan displacement- faults with unclassified type of motion but which offset Keweenawan rocks as well as Early Proterozoic units. Some may be reactivated Penokean faults. Unclassified- faults for which information is insufficient to determine age or relative motion. Linear_ftrs- structure based on geophysical interpretation of buried terranes. Attribute_Definition_Source: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: William F. Cannon or Doug Ottke Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing Address: USGS National Center, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 954 City: Reston State_or_Province: Virginia Postal_Code: 20192 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-6345 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wcannon@usgs.gov Distribution_Liability: This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 1999 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Doug Ottke Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing Address: USGS National Center, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 954 City: Vienna State_or_Province: Virginia Postal_Code: 20192 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-6399 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998