U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-471
by Joyce E. Williamson, Gregory J. Jarrell, Rick M. Clawges, Joel M. Galloway, and Janet M. Carter
Prepared in cooperation with the
South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources
and West Dakota Water Development District
This compact disk contains digital data produced as part of the 1:100,000-scale map products for the Black Hills Hydrology Study conducted in western South Dakota. The digital data include 28 individual Geographic Information System (GIS) data sets: data sets for the hydrogeologic unit map including all mapped hydrogeologic units within the study area (1 data set) and major geologic structure including anticlines and synclines (1 data set); data sets for potentiometric maps including the potentiometric contours for the Inyan Kara, Minnekahta, Minnelusa, Madison, and Deadwood aquifers (5 data sets), wells used as control points for each aquifer (5 data sets), and springs used as control points for the potentiometric contours (1 data set); and data sets for the structure-contour maps including the structure contours for the top of each formation that contains major aquifers (5 data sets), wells and tests holes used as control points for each formation (5 data sets), and surficial deposits (alluvium and terrace deposits) that directly overlie each of the major aquifer outcrops (5 data sets). These data sets were used to produce the maps published by the U.S. Geological Survey.
The Black Hills Hydrology Study was initiated in 1990 as a cooperative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources, and the West Dakota Water Development District, which represents local and county cooperators. The purpose of the study is to assess the quantity, quality, and distribution of surface water and ground water in the Black Hills area of South Dakota and to define and to develop regional hydrogeologic conceptual models of the Black Hills (Driscoll, 1992, Strobel and others, 1998). The study area includes parts of Butte, Custer, Fall River, Lawrence, Meade, and Pennington Counties in western South Dakota.
An important set of products developed as part of the Black Hills Hydrology Study is a series of 1:100,000-scale maps, including a hydrogeologic unit map (Strobel and others, 1999); potentiometric maps for five major aquifers (Strobel and others, 2000a, 2000b, 2000c, 2000d, and 2000e); and structure-contour maps for the five formations that contain major aquifers (Carter and Redden, 1999a, 1999b, 1999c, 1999d, and 1999e). GIS methods were used extensively in producing these maps. Digital data generated include 28 individual GIS data sets. The hydrogeologic unit data set includes all mapped hydrogeologic units within the study area. The major geologic structure data set includes anticlines and synclines. Data sets were also generated for potentiometric maps including the potentiometric contours for the Inyan Kara, Minnekahta, Minnelusa, Madison, and Deadwood aquifers. Data sets of the wells used as control points for each aquifer and springs used as control points for the potentiometric contours are also included. Data sets are included for the structure-contour maps including the structure contours for the top of each formation that contains major aquifers as well as wells and tests holes used as control points for each formation. Data sets of the surficial deposits (alluvium and terrace deposits) that directly overlie each of the major aquifer outcrops are also included.
The data sets were processed using the ArcInfo versions 7.2.1 and 8.0.1 (Environmental Systems Research Institute, 1998). The data sets are stored in three formats: ArcInfo export files, Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) (ArcView and ArcInfo) shapefiles, and Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS) files. ArcInfo export and ESRI shapefiles are proprietary formats copyrighted by Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., Redlands, California.
All ASCII files on this disk are stored in MS-DOS format. In order to use these files on UNIX machines, extra carriage returns may have to be removed. This can be accomplished on most UNIX systems using the following command: tr -d `\015' < infile > <outfile>.
The data sets stored in ArcInfo export format are located in the directory "/arcx/" and have the file extension ".e00". ArcInfo export files allow for transfer of spatial data sets created in ArcInfo format from one ESRI-supported computer platform to another. ESRI shapefiles are located in the directory "/arcs/" and have the extensions ".shp", ".shx", and ".dbf".
The data sets stored in the public-domain SDTS format are located in the directory "/sdts/" and have the file extension ".tgz". SDTS (U.S. Geological Survey, 1998) is a large standard composed of smaller, more limited subsets that are Federally approved as part of the SDTS Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 1783. The profile created for the data sets are part of the Topological Vector Profile designed specifically for planar vector data with topology. These files have been archived using the UNIX "tar" command and then compressed using the "gzip" program. They can be extracted using the following command line on UNIX and NT systems:
gunzip -c filename.tgz | tar xvof -
Other compressed files (".gz" extension) can be uncompressed using the gunzip command:
gunzip filename.gz
For the convenience of users of this CD-ROM, a version of "gunzip" and "tar" for Windows 98 or NT are included in the "/gnu/" directory. Commercial and public-domain versions of the gunzip and tar programs commonly are available for many operating systems.
The compact disk is compatible with the ISO 9660 standard, which represents the files on the CD-ROM in the following directory structure:
a_notice.txt - Liability disclaimer;
ball_cov - A point coverage created in order to use symbology to denote locations of "balls" for a bar and ball symbol on a downthrown fault. No metadata is included for this coverage as it has been provided only as an aid for display purposes in conjunction with ARCPLOT markersets
ddwdpcon - Potentiometric surface contours for the Deadwood aquifer
ddwdpwpt - Wells used in the creation of potentiometric surface contours for the Deadwood aquifer
ddwdscon - Geologic structure-contours for the top of the Deadwood Formation
ddwdsurf - Overlying surficial deposits and absent areas for the Deadwood Formation
ddwdswpt - Selected wells and test holes used in structure-contour maps of the Deadwood Formation
geostruc - Major geologic structure coverage including anticlines and synclines
hydrogeo - Hydrogeologic unit map coverage
inkrpcon - Potentiometric surface contours for the Inyan Kara aquifer
inkrpwpt - Wells used in the creation of potentiometric surface contours for the Inyan Kara aquifer
inkrscon - Geologic structure-contours for the top of the Inyan Kara Formation
inkrsurf - Overlying surficial deposits and absent areas for the Inyan Kara Formation
inkrswpt - Selected wells and test holes used in structure-contour maps of the Inyan Kara Formation
mdsnpcon - Potentiometric surface contours for the Madison aquifer
mdsnpwpt - Wells used in the creation of potentiometric surface contours for the Madison aquifer
mdsnscon - Geologic structure-contours for the top of the Madison Limestone
mdsnsurf - Overlying surficial deposits and absent areas for the Madison Limestone
mdsnswpt - Selected wells and test holes used in structure-contour maps for the Madison Limestone
mnktpcon - Potentiometric surface contours for the Minnekahta aquifer
mnktpwpt - Wells used in the creation of potentiometric surface contours for the Minnekahta aquifer
mnktscon - Geologic structure-contours for the top of the Minnekahta Formation
mnktsurf - Overlying surficial deposits and absent areas for the Minnekahta Formation
mnktswpt - Selected wells and test holes used in structure-contour maps the Minnekahta Formation
mnlspcon - Potentiometric surface contours for the Minnelusa aquifer
mnlspwpt - Wells used in the creation of potentiometric surface contours for the Minnelusa aquifer
mnlsscon - Geologic structure-contours for the top of the Minnelusa Formation
mnlssurf - Overlying surficial deposits and absent areas for the Minnelusa Formation
mnlsswpt - Selected wells and test holes used in structure-contour maps of the Minnelusa Formation
spngppt - Spring point coverage for the potentiometric coverages
A structured documentation file (known as "formal metadata") for each data set is provided. This file is named the same as the data set with a file extension of ".fgd". The documentation files comply with the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (Federal Geographic Data Committee, 1994). The FGDC-compliant metadata files contain detailed description of the data sets and include narrative sections describing the procedures used to produce the data sets in digital form. The metadata also include detailed references of the sources used to create the data set.
The Universe Transverse Mercator map projection, Zone 13 was chosen for the data sets. This projection is appropriate for maps of the areal extent of the Black Hills of South Dakota and correspond with other USGS 1:100,000-scale maps of the area. The projection is cast on the North American Datum of 1927. Table 1 provides map projection information.
Table 1. Universe Transverse Mercator projection parameters
|
Project Parameters: |
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|
Spheroid |
Clarke Ellipsoid 1866 |
|
Datum |
North American Datum 1927 |
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Zone |
13 |
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Coordinate system parameters: |
|
|
Planimetric units of measure |
Meters |
The use of firm, trade, or brand names in this report is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the US Geolgocial Survey.
Carter, J.M. and Redden, J.A., 1999a, Altitude of the top of the Inyan Kara Group in the Black Hills area, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-744-A, scale 1:100,000, 2 sheets.
------- 1999b, Altitude of the top of the Minnekahta Limestone in the Black Hills area, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-744-B, scale 1:100,000, 2 sheets.
------- 1999c, Altitude of the top of the Minnelusa Formation in the Black Hills area, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-744-C, scale 1:100,000, 2 sheets.
------- 1999d, Altitude of the top of the Madison Limestone in the Black Hills area, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-744-D, scale 1:100,000, 2 sheets.
------- 1999e, Altitude of the top of the Deadwood Formation in the Black Hills area, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-744-E, scale 1:100,000, 2 sheets.
Driscoll, D.G., 1992, Plan of study for the Black Hills Hydrology Study, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92084, 10p.
Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI), 1998, ArcInfo 7.2.1 Help: Redlands, Calif., ESRI, [on-line documentation].
Federal Geographic Data Committee,1994, Content standards for digital geospatial metadata (June 8): Federal Geographic Data Committee, Washington, D.C., 78 p.
Strobel, M.L., Driscoll, D.G., Carter, J.M., and Williamson, J.E., 1998, The Black Hills Hydrology Study: http://sd.water.usgs.gov/projects/bhhs/BHHS.html.
Strobel, M.L., Jarrell, G.J., Sawyer, J.F., Schleicher, J.R., and Fahrenbach, M.D., 1999, Distribution of hydrogeologic units of the Black Hills area, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-743, scale 1:100,000, 3 sheets.
Strobel, M.L, Galloway, J.M., Hamade, G.R., and Jarrell, G.J., 2000a, Potentiometric surface of the Inyan Kara aquifer in the Black Hills area, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-745-A, scale 1:100,000, 2 sheets.
-------- 2000b, Potentiometric surface of the Minnekahta aquifer in the Black Hills area, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-745, scale 1:100,000, 2 sheets.
-------- 2000c, Potentiometric surface of the Minnelusa aquifer in the Black Hills area, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-745, scale 1:100,000, 2 sheets.
-------- 2000d, Potentiometric surface of the Madison aquifer in the Black Hills area, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-745, scale 1:100,000, 2 sheets.
-------- 2000e, Potentiometric surface of the Deadwood aquifer in the Black Hills area, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-745, scale 1:100,000, 2 sheets.
U.S. Geological Survey, 1998, SDTS Home Page: U.S. Geological Survey, accessed August 4, 2000, at URL http://mcmcweb.er.usgs.gov/sdts/
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