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U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 01-041

A Laboratory Manual for X-Ray Powder Diffraction

X-RAY DIFFRACTION PRIMER

Selected Bibliography


Alam, S.O., Edmonds, J.W., Hom, T., Nicolosi, J.A., and Scott, B., 1989, A reference database retrieval system; information as a tool to assist in XRD phase identification: Advances in X-Ray Analysis, v. 32, p. 545-550.

Amouric, M., and Baronnet, A., 1983, Effect of early nucleation conditions on synthetic muscovite polytypism as seen by high resolution transmission electron microscopy: Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, v. 9, no. 3-4, p. 146-159.

Arem, J.E., 1971, The state of the art-x-ray crystallography; part III, The powder method: The Mineralogical Record, v. 2, no. 4, p. 174-179.

Artioli, Gilberto, and Marchi, Maurizio, 1999, On the space group of garronite: Powder Diffraction, v. 14, no. 3, p. 190-194.

Babenko, N.F., and Brusentsev, F.A., 1974, Indexing X-ray powder patterns for a crystal of an arbitrary system: Soviet Physics. Crystallography, v. 19, no. 3, p. 314-316.

Balatri, R., Berti, G., Palamidese, P., and Scandale, E., 1989, Mineralogical parameters refinement by optimized modeling and computerized graphics for signal analysis: Proceedings of the first workshop on Information and earth science, v. 1, De Frede, Naples, , p. 81-91.

Bambauer, H.U., Corlett, M., Eberhard, E., and Viswanathan, K., 1967, Diagrams for the determination of plagioclases using x-ray powder methods (part III of laboratory investigations on plagioclases): Bulletin Suisse de Mineralogie et Petrographie, v. 47, no. 1, p. 333-349.

Berti, G., Leoni, Leonardo, and Carrara, R., 1984, A peaks analysis method in X-ray powder diffractometry: Rendiconti della Societa Italiana di Mineralogia e Petrologia, v. 39, no. 1, p. 115-122.

Berti, G.;Carrara, R., and Leoni, L., 1986, Cu K (sub beta ) X-ray powder diffraction patterns resolution increase: Atti della Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali Residente in Pisa, Memorie, Serie A: Processi Verbali, v. 93, p. 57-69.

Biscaye, P.E., 1965, Mineralogy and sedimentation of recent deep-sea clay in the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas and oceans: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 76, p. 803-832.

Bish, D.L., and Post, J.E. (eds.), 1989, Modern powder diffraction: Reviews in Mineralogy, v. 20, 369 p.

Blanchard, F.N., and Saligan, P.P., 1989, High quality diffraction data from an impure specimen; triphylite, Li(Fe,Mn)PO (sub 4): Powder Diffraction, v. 4, no. 1, p. 26-28.

Bloss, F.D., 1969, Indexing powder patterns for cubic materials: American Mineralogist, v. 54, no. 5-6, p. 924-930.

Bloss, F.D., 1969, Indexing powder diagrams of isometric crystals: Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, v. 4, p. 9.

Bonardi, M., and Traill, R J., 1975, X-ray powder pattern recognition by minicomputer: Geological Survey of Canada Paper 75-1B, p. 63-65.

Brindley, G.W., and Brown, G. (eds.), 1980, Crystal structures of clay minerals and their X-ray identification, Mineralogical Society, London, 495 p.

Chatterjee, S., Mukherjee, S., and Das Gupta, K.K., 1989, Study of manganese minerals: Records of the Geological Survey of India, v. 122, no. 2, p. 70-71.

Chen, P.Y., 1977, Table of key lines in X-ray powder diffraction patterns of minerals in clays and associated rocks: Geological Survey Occasional Paper 21, Indiana Geological Survey Report 21, 67 p., 

Chiari, G., Giordano, A., and Menges, G., 1996, Non destructive X-ray diffraction analyses of unprepared samples: Science and Technology for Cultural Heritage, v. 5, no. 1, p. 21-36.

Collazo, J., Hermann, H.,Teresiak, A., and Wetzig, K., 1998, The effect of particles on the absorption factor for diffracted X-rays in single-phase powders measured at cylindrical geometry; a computational study: Powder Diffraction, v. 13, no. 4, p. 249-253.

Commeau, R.F., Poppe, L.J., and Dodd, J.E., 1985, A computer program to convert degrees two theta to interplanar spacings and conversion tables for Cu K alpha 1, K alpha 2, and weighted mean radiation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-455, 377 p.

Cooper, M.J., Rouse, K.D., and Sakata, M., 1981, An alternative to the Rietveld profile refinement method: Zeitschrift fuer Kristallographie, v. 157, no. 1-2, p. 101-117.

Cox, D.E., Hastings, J.B., Thomlinson, W., and Prewitt, C.T., 1982, Profile structure analysis from synchrotron powder diffraction data: Eos, v. 63, no. 45, p. 1129.

Cullity, B.D., 1959, Elements of X-ray Diffraction: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Reading, MA, 514 p.

Ding, J., Li, D., and Fu, P., 1990, X-ray powder structural analysis of the spinel polymorph of Fe (sub 2) SiO (sub 4): Powder Diffraction, v. 5, no. 4, p. 221-222.

Emig, J.A., and Smith, D.K., 1989, The detection and quantification of low concentrations of quartz in dolostone by X-ray powder diffraction: Powder Diffraction, v. 4, no. 4, p. 209-213.

Emmermann, R., and Lauterjung, J., 1990, Double X-ray analysis of cuttings and rock flour; a powerful tool for rapid and reliable determination of borehole lithostratigraphy: Scientific Drilling, v. 1, np. 6, p. 269-282.

Eslinger, E.V., Mayer, L.M., Durst, T.L., Hower, J., and Savin, S.M., 1972, An X-ray technique for distinguishing between detrital and secondary quartz in the fine-grained fraction of sedimentary rocks: Program and Abstracts - Annual Clay Minerals Conference, v. 21, p. 28.

Fang, J.H., 1983, New approach in quantitative mineralogy by X-ray powder diffraction: Memoir of the Geological Society of China 5, Chung Kuo Ti Chih Hseuh Hui, Taipei, Taiwan, p. 141-146.

Ferguson, R.B.; Crozier, N., 1976, Standard X-ray powder diffractograms for routine identification of the commoner minerals: Program with Abstracts - Geological Association of Canada; Mineralogical Association of Canada; Canadian Geophysical Union, Joint Annual Meeting, v. 1, p. 82.

Fernandes, T.R.C., and Langford, J.I., 1999, Line broadening in chromites from Zimbabwe using high-resolution X-ray diffraction: Powder Diffraction, v. 14, no. 2, p. 93-105.

Fichtner-Schmittler, H., and Fichtner, K., 1978, Computer generation of composite X-ray powder patterns: Kristall und Technik, v. 13, no. 8, p. 1009-1016.

Finger, L.W., 1989, Synchrotron powder diffraction, in Bish, David L., and Post, J.E. (eds.) Modern powder diffraction, Reviews in Mineralogy, v. 20, p. 309-331.

Fischer, R.X., and Baur, W.H., 1986, New techniques of background corrections and atom search methods applied to zeolite RHO: Fortschritte der Mineralogie, Beiheft, v. 64, no. 1, p. 48.

Fraundorf, P., and Keefe, G., 1982, Electron diffraction patterns intermediate along the continuum between single crystal and "powder": Micron, v. 13, no. 1, p. 49-53.

Frevel, L.K., 1977, Quantitative matching of powder diffraction patterns: Advances in X-Ray Analysis, v. 20, p. 15-25.

Fukushima, K., Kohyama, N., and Fukami, A., 1982, In situ high resolution observation of hydrated clay mineral using film-sealed environmental cell: Electron microscopy 1982; 10th international congress; Vol. 2, Dtsch. Ges. Elektronenmikrosk., Frankfurt, Federal Republic of Germany, p. 495-496.

Gandolfi, Giorgio, 1968, Discussion upon methods to obtain x-ray 'powder patterns' from a single crystal: Mineralogica et Petrographica Acta, v. 13, p. 67-74.

Gibbs, R.J., 1971, X-ray diffraction mounts: Procedures in sedimentary petrology, Wiley-Intersci., New York, p. 531-539.

Gieseking, J.E. (ed.), 1975, Inorganic Components, v. 2, Soil Components, Springer-Verlag, New York, NY, 684 p.

Graham, Jim (prefacer), 1988, X-ray powder diffractometry: Australian Journal of Physics, v. 41, no. 2, p. 101-335.
Volume: 41

Greaves, G.N., 1995, New X-ray techniques and approaches to surface mineralogy, in Vaughan, D.J., and Pattrick, R.A.D. (eds.), Mineral surfaces, The Mineralogical Society Series, v. 5, Chapman & Hall, London, p. 87-128.

Grim, R.E, 1962, Applied Clay Mineralogy: McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, N.Y., 422 p.

Hamilton, R.D., and Finney, J.J., 1977, X-ray diffraction, in LeRoy, L.W., LeRoy, D.O., and Raese, J.W. (eds.) Subsurface geology; petroleum, mining, construction, Colo. Sch. Mines, Golden, Colo., p. 37-42.

Hanawalt, J.D., 1983, History of the Powder Diffraction File (PDF), in McLachlan, D.H., Jr., and Glusker, J.P. (eds.) Crystallography in North America, Am. Crystallogr. Assoc., New York, NY, p. 215-219.

Hardy, Ron, and Tucker, Maurice, 1988, X-ray powder diffraction of sediments, in: Tucker, Maurice (ed.) Techniques in sedimentology, Blackwell Sci. Publ., Oxford, United Kingdom, p. 191-228.

Hicho, G.E., Yakowitz, H., Rasberry, S.D., and Michaelis, R.E., 1971, A standard reference material containing nominally four percent austenite: Advances in X-Ray Analysis, v. 14, p. 78-91.

Hughes, E.W., 1983, X-ray crystallography, in McLachlan, D.H., Jr., and Glusker, J.P. (eds.) Crystallography in North America, Am. Crystallogr. Assoc., New York, NY, p. 31.

Hull, A.W., 1983, An account of early studies of Schenectady, in McLachlan, D.H., Jr., and Glusker, J.P. (eds.) Crystallography in North America, Am. Crystallogr. Assoc., New York, NY, p. 32.

Hughes, R.E., 1993, Clay minerals, in Oltz, D.F. (ed.), Improved and enhanced oil recovery in Illinois by reservoir characterization; standard operating and QA/QC procedures: Illinois State Geological Survey Open File Series 1993-13, p. 159-161.

Hughes, R.E., 1993, XRD Lab, in Oltz, D.F. (ed.), Improved and enhanced oil recovery in Illinois by reservoir characterization; standard operating and QA/QC procedures: Illinois State Geological Survey Open File Series 1993-13, p. 162-174.

Igonina, I.V., Pokrovskii, B.I., Gapeev, A.K., Lazarev, P.I., and Komissarova, L.N., 1973, Use of the methods of successive experiment planning with refining crystal-structure parameters: Soviet Physics. Doklady, v. 18, no. 3, p. 308-310.

Ishida, T., and Watanabe, Y., 1982, A criterion method for indexing unknown powder diffraction patterns: Zeitschrift fuer Kristallographie, v. 160, no. 1-2, p. 19-32.

Jenkins, R., Fawcett, T.G., Smith, D.K., Visser, J.W., Morris, M.C., and Frevel, L.K., 1986, JCPDS; international centre for diffraction data sample preparation methods in X-ray powder diffraction: Powder Diffraction, v. 1, no. 2, p. 51-63.

Jenkins, Ron, 1989, Experimental procedures , in Bish, David L., and Post, J.E. (eds.) Modern powder diffraction, Reviews in Mineralogy, v. 20, p. 47-71.

Jephcoat, A.P., Hriljac, J.A., McCammon, C.A., O'Neill, H.St.C., Rubie, D.C., and Finger, L.W., 1999, High-resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction and Rietveld structure refinement of two (Mg (sub 0.95) , Fe (sub 0.05) )SiO (sub 3) perovskite samples synthesized under different oxygen fugacity conditions: American Mineralogist, v. 84, no. 3, p. 214-220.

Johnson, Q., 1986, Powder diffraction analysis on a PC: Abstracts with program 1986; the Fourteenth general meeting of the International Mineralogical Association, p. 135.

Jonas, E.C., and Kuykendall, J.R., 1966, Preparation of montmorillonites for random powder diffraction: Clay Minerals, v. 6, no. 3, p. 232-235.

Jones, C.B., and Lawson, R.I., 1981, XRDPLT; a FORTRAN IV program for the graphical representation of X-ray powder diffraction data: Computers & Geosciences, v. 7, no. 1, p. 115-122.

Kaelble, E.F., 1967, Qualitative analysis by powder diffraction, in Kaelble, E.F. (ed.) Handbook of X-rays for diffraction, emission, absorption, and microscopy, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York and London, Chapter 11, 14 p.

Kallio, P., 1978, A new X-ray method for the estimation of fluorine content in montebrasites: American Mineralogist, v. 63, no. 11-12, p. 1249-1251.

King, H.W., Gillham, C.J., and Huggins, F.G., 1970, A versatile Bragg-Brentano/Seeman-Bohlin powder diffractometer: Advances in X-Ray Analysis, Plenum, New York, NY, p. 550-597.

Kloprogge, J.T., Jansen, J.B.H., and Geus, J.W., 1990, Characterization of synthetic Na-beidellite: Clays and Clay Minerals, v. 38, no. 4, p. 409-414.

Klug, H.P., and Alexander, L.E., 1974, X-ray diffraction procedures: J. Wiley and Sons, New York..

Kolitsch, U., 1998, Bernalite from the Clara Mine, Germany, and the incorporation of tungsten in minerals containing ferric ion: The Canadian Mineralogist, v. 36, p. 1211-1216.

Kowalski, W., and Stepniewski, M., 1980, X-ray diffraction powder method of determining the composition of strontium-containing barites: Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Earth Sciences, v. 27, no. 3-4, p. 151-157.

Lager, G.A., Ross, F.K., Rotella, F.J., and Jorgensen, J.D., 1981, Neutron powder diffraction of forsterite, Mg (sub 2) SiO (sub 4); a comparison with single-crystal investigations: Journal of Applied Crystallography, v. 14, p. 137-139.

Lutts, A., 1982, A new method for determining the lattice parameters from powder patterns of orthorhombic crystals: Zeitschrift fuer Kristallographie, v. 161, no. 3-4, p. 195-207.

Lutts, A., 1983, A new method for determining lattice parameters from powder diffraction patterns of monoclinic crystals; the influence of systematic errors and its partial elimination: Zeitschrift fuer Kristallographie, v. 164, no. 1-2, p. 31-41. 

Lynneberg, T.E., and Frigstad, O.F., 1971, X-ray Powder Patterns for Mineral Identification; V, Phosphates: Skrifter - Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo, I. Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Klasse, Universitetsforlaget, Oslo, v. 13, p. 14

Mantler, M., and Parrish, W., 1977, Energy dispersive X-ray diffractometry: Advances in X-Ray Analysis, v. 20, p. 171-186.

McLachlan, Dan, Jr., and Lin, H.C., 1973, A graphical aid in indexing powder diffraction patterns: Zeitschrift fuer Kristallographie, v. 137, no. 1, p. 35-50.

Ming, L.C., Manghnani, M.H., Balogh, J., Qadri, S., Skelton, E.F., and Jamieson, J.C., 1982, Measurements of molar volume for gold at high pressures and high temperatures, using synchrotron radiation and energy dispersive X-ray diffraction techniques; comparisons with shock wave data: Eos, v. 63, no. 45, p 1129.

Moore, D.M., and Reynolds, R.C., 1997, X-ray diffraction and the identification and analysis of clay minerals: 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 378 p.

Morris, M.C., McMurdie, H.F., Evans, E.H., Paretzkin, B., de Groot, J.H., Weeks, B.S., and Newberry, R.J., 1978, Standard X-ray diffraction powder patterns: National Bureau of Standards Monograph 25, Sect. 15, p. 204.

Nicol, A.W., 1975, X-ray diffraction, in Nicol, A.W. (ed.) Physicochemical methods of mineral analysis, Plenum Press, New York, N.Y., p. 249-320.

Nuffield, E.W., 1966, X-ray diffraction methods: J. Wiley and Sons, New York.

Parrish, William, 1983, History of the X-ray powder method in the U.S.A., in McLachlan, D.H., Jr., and Glusker, J.P. (eds.) Crystallography in North America, Am. Crystallogr. Assoc., New York, NY, p. 201-214.

Pask, J.A., and Turner, M.D. (eds.), 1955, Clays and Clay Technology: California Department of Natural Resources, Division of Mines Bulletin 169, 326 p.

Plancon, A., and Zacharie, C., 1990, An expert system for the structural characterization of kaolinites: Clay Minerals, v. 25, no. 3, p. 249-260.

Poppe, L.J., and Dodd, J.E., 1990, Computer-generated templates to convert degrees 2T to interplanar spacing: Clay Min. Soc. Workshop Lec. Vol. 1, Quantitative Mineral Analysis of Clays, pp. 168-171.

Quick, G.W., 1989, XRDPLOT; a microcomputer program for the tabulation and plotting of X-ray powder diffraction reference data on dot-matrix printers: Computers & Geosciences, v. 15, no. 7, p. 1193-1198.

Renton, J.J., and Kovach, John, 1974, Determination of Calcite/Dolomite Ratios By Infrared Spectroscopy in the 750 to 200 cm (super -1) Region and Comparison with X-Ray Diffraction Analysis: Report of Archeological Investigations, v. 24, p. 13.

Reynolds, R.C., Jr., 1989, Principles of powder diffraction, in Bish, David L., and Post, J.E. (eds.) Modern powder diffraction, Reviews in Mineralogy, v. 20, p. 1-17.

Roberts, A.C., Grice, J.D., Groat, L.A., Criddle, A.J., Gault, R.A., Erd, R.C., and Moffatt, E.A., 1996, Jensenite, Cu (sub 3) Te (super 6+) O (sub 6) .2H (sub 2) O, a new mineral species from the Centennial Eureka Mine, Tintic District, Juab County, Utah: The Canadian Mineralogist, v. 34, p. 49-54.

Rudman, Reuben, 1966, Low-temperature X-ray diffraction powder techniques: Norelco Reporter, v. 13, no. 2, p. 61-62.

Schossberger, F.V., 1967, High-temperature camera techniques, in Kaelble, E.F. (ed.) Handbook of X-rays for diffraction, emission, absorption, and microscopy, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York and London, Chapter 14, 34 p.

Scott, R.K., 1968, The case for a universal X-ray diffraction intensity scale: American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publication, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, p. 201-203.

Smith, D.K., Clark, C.M., Lowenhaupt, D.M., and Tamm, L., 1972, The use of calculated X-ray powder patterns in the interpretation of ore minerals: Acta Crystallographica. Section A. Crystal Physics, Diffraction, Theoretical and General Crystallography, v. 28, p. 68.

Snyder, R.L., and Bish, D.L., 1989, Quantitative analysis, in Bish, David L., and Post, J.E. (eds.) Modern powder diffraction, Reviews in Mineralogy, v. 20, p. 101-144.

Starbuck, J.W., 1967, Introduction to powder diffraction, in Kaelble, E.F. (ed.) Handbook of X-rays for diffraction, emission, absorption, and microscopy, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York and London, Chapter 7, 30 p.

Tannenbaum, I.R., 1967, Indexing of powder patterns, in Kaelble, E.F. (ed.) Handbook of X-rays for diffraction, emission, absorption, and microscopy, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York and London, Chapter 28, 30 p.

Verschure, R.H., Schreurs, A.W., Meulemans, A., 1987, A simple attachment to Debye-Scherrer X-ray powder diffraction cameras to obtain powder patterns from single crystals: Mineralogical Magazine, v. 51, p. 746-749.

Viswanathan, K., and Kohlmann, A., 1978, Influence of preferred orientation on the powder pattern of deerite: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 66, no. 4, p. 431-432.

Vochten, Renaud, Blaton, Norbert, Peeters, Oswald, Van Springel, Karel, and Van Haverbeke, Laurent, 1997, A new method of synthesis of boltwoodite and of formation of sodium boltwoodite, uranophane, sklodowskite and kasolite from boltwoodite: The Canadian Mineralogist, v. 35, p. 735-741.

Warne, S.St.J.. 1980, Appendix 3; Descriptions of techniques and their applications; X-ray diffraction, variable atmosphere; X-ray diffraction, variable temperature, in Cook, A.C., and Kantsler, A.J. (eds), Oil shale petrology workshop, Keiraville Kopiers, Wollongong, NSW, Australia, p. 92-98.

Wertz, D.L., 1990, Mass absorption corrected X-ray powder diffractograms; Part I, Measuring pyrite in powdered coals: Powder Diffraction, v. 5, no. 1, p. 44-47.

Will, G., 1979, POWLS; a powder least-squares program: Journal of Applied Crystallography, v. 12, p. 483-485.

Willis, B.T.M., 1998, Some achievements in neutron crystallography: Acta Crystallographica, Section A: Foundations of Crystallography, v. 54, p. 914-921.

Wilson, M.J.(ed.), 1987, A handbook of Determinative Methods in Clay Mineralogy: Blackie, New York, NY, 308 p.

Wilson, M.J., 1987, X-ray powder diffraction methods, in Wilson, M.J. (ed.) A handbook of determinative methods in clay mineralogy, Chapman and Hall, New York, NY, p. 26-98.

Zussman, J., 1977, X-ray diffraction, in Zussman, J. (ed.) Physical methods in determinative mineralogy, 2nd Edition, Acad. Press, London, United Kingdom, p. 391-473


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