U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 02-211 Historic Topographic Sheets to Satellite Imagery: A Methodology for Evaluating Coastal Change in Florida's Big Bend Tidal Marsh By Ellen A. Raabe, Amy E. Streck, and Richard P. Stumpf 2004 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Center for Coastal and Regional Marine Studies St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 For sale by the U. S. Geological Survey Information Services Box 25286, Federal Center Denver, CO 80255 TABLE OF CONTENTS Disclaimer System Requirements Project Summary CD Organization Getting Started Contacts Credits and Acknowledgements References DISCLAIMER This Compact Disc (CD) publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof nor any employee makes any warranty expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this report or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States or any agency thereof. Although all data and software published on this CD have been used by the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and related materials and (or) the functioning of the software. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data, software, or related materials. This report (map) is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards (or with the North American Stratigraphic Code). SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS This CD-ROM was produced in accordance with the ISO 9660 and the HFS standards and can be accessed by any computer system that has the appropriate software to read ISO 9660 and HFS discs. The discs are intended for use with Windows, Macintosh and UNIX systems. The image data can be accessed directly from the CD-ROM using a web browser and Adobe Acrobat Reader software. PROJECT SUMMARY This open-file report details the methodology used to rectify, digitize, and mosaic nineteen 19th century topographic sheets on the marsh-dominated Big Bend Gulf coast of Florida. Historic charts of tidal marshes in Florida's Big Bend were prepared in a digital grid-based format for comparison with modern features derived from 1995 satellite imagery. The chart-by-chart rectification process produced a map accuracy of plus or minus 8 m. An effort was made to evaluate secondary map features, such as tree islands, but changes during the intervening years exceed standard surveying errors and rendered the analysis ineffective. A map, at 1:300,000 comparing historic and modern features, is provided to illustrate major changes along the coastline. Shoreline erosion is exceeded by the inland migration of the intertidal zone onto adjoining coastal forest lands. While statements of mapping accuracy are provided in the text, graphic representation of changes in the intertidal zone may be inexact at any given location. Thus caution is advised for site-specific applications. Maps and digital files provided should be used to visualize overall trends and regional anomalies, and not used to critically assess features at a particular location. Products include digital and hard copy mosaics of the coastline, showing changes between historic and current features. Digital files are made available on an accompanying CD-ROM. CD ORGANIZATION All files are located in the root directory of the CD. The OFR text is in PDF format for viewing and printing and the map file is in PDF format for viewing or printing and RTL format for printing to an HP plotter. GETTING STARTED Access the PDF files in the root directory either by opening them directly with Adobe Acrobat (available at: http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html) or through a web browser with the Acrobat plug-in installed. CONTACTS Ellen A. Raabe U.S. Geological Survey Center for Coastal and Regional Marine Studies 600 Fourth Street South St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 Phone: 727-803-8747 x3039 eraabe@usgs.gov Richard P. Stumpf (current address) NOAA National Ocean Service Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment 1305 East-West Highway, N/SCI1 Rm 9115 Silver Spring, MD 20910 phone: 301-713-3028 x173 richard.stumpf@noaa.gov CREDITS AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Special thanks to Greg Ferrara, Gitfah Niles, Mark Billus, and Brian Penney for their help in registering and digitizing the historic surveys, and to Melanie Harris and Laurinda Frye for assistance with the map and CD-ROM products. REFERENCES Anders, F.J., and Byrnes, M.R., 1991, Accuracy of Shoreline Change Rates as Determined from Maps and Aerial Photographs: Shore and Beach, 59(1): 17-26. Benoit, J.R., ed., 1989, Massachusetts Shoreline Change Project: Boston, Coastal Zone Management Office, 19 p. 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