Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Roberto J. Anima
Originator: Florence L. Wong
Originator: Peter Galanis
Originator: Jennifer Codianne
Originator: Yu Xia
Originator: Randy Bucciarelli
Originator: Michael Hamer
Publication_Date: 2003
Title:
Riverbed sidescan sonar and sediment data for the Grand Canyon of
the Colorado River, Glen
Canyon Dam to Phantom Ranch, Arizona, Aug-Sep, 2000
Edition: Version 1.0, April 21, 2003
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
Series_Information:
Series_Name: preliminary data release
Issue_Identification: 1
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Menlo Park, CA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Online_Linkage:
Description:
Abstract:
An experimental water release from the Glen Canyon Dam into
the Colorado River above Grand Canyon was conducted in
September 2000 by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. To
determine the sediment characteristics of the Colorado
River bed before and after the release, the U.S. Geological
Survey (USGS) conducted sidescan sonar surveys between Glen
Canyon Dam (mile -15) and Phantom Ranch (mile 87.7),
Arizona. The first survey (R3-00-GC, 28 Aug to 5 Sep 2000)
was conducted before the release when the river was
experiencing its Low Summer Steady Flow (LSSF) of 8,000
cfs. The second survey (R4-00-GC, 10 to 18 Sep 2000) was
conducted immediately after the September 2000 experimental
release during which average daily flow was as high as 30,800 cfs
below Glen Canyon Dam. Riverbed sediment properties
interpreted from the sidescan sonar images include sediment
type, sandwave fields, and calculated changes in these properties
between the two surveys.
Purpose:
These data are intended for science researchers, students, policy
makers, and the general public. The data can be
used with geographic information systems (GIS) software
to display geologic information.
Supplemental_Information:
Additional information about the field activities from
which this data set was derived are available online at
Sidescan sonar data were collected at approximately 15 to
20 stretches of the Colorado River and targeting pools
between rapids in these sections of the river:
>tail waters section (mile -15 to mile 0)
>Paria Riffle (Mile 1) to Cathedral Riffle (Mile 3)
>small area above Badger Creek Rapid (Mile 7)
>Silver Grotto Riffle (Mile 29.3) to South Canyon or
> just above Vasey's Paradise (Mile 31.4)
>President Harding Rapid (Mile 44) to between Eminence Break
> to Saddle Canyon (Mile 47)
>60 Mile Rapid to the Little Colorado River (Mile 65)
>below the Little Colorado River to Crash Canyon (Mile 62-63)
> to Carbon Creek (Mile 64) to Lava Chuar (Mile 65)
>Cremation Camp to Grand Canyon Gauge (Mile 87-89)
These pools are part of the Grand Canyon Monitoring and
Research Center (GCMRC http://www.gcmrc.gov/) physical
sciences study.
Maps interpreted from the sidescan sonar images show the
distribution of sediment types (bedrock, boulders, pebbles
or cobbles, sand) and the extent of fields of sandwaves
for each of the pre- and post-flow surveys. In addition,
a derived set of data describes the changes that were
observed between the two surveys (fining, coarsening, erosion, deposition,
change in bedforms).
This data set includes sidescan sonar images and
interpreted map files for each of the pre- and post-flow
surveys and the changes between for the following sections of
river ()
> mile id description
> ---- -- -----------
>-15 to 0 tw Glen Canyon Dam to Lees Ferry
> 0 to 3 bp below Paria Riffle, Lees Ferry to Cathedral Wash
> 4 to 8 bch below Cathedral Wash
>27 to 29 ts Tiger Wash to Shinumo Wash
>30 to 32 ssc Shinumo Wash to South Canyon
>36 to 39 tp Thirty-Six Mile to President Harding Rapid
>44 to 47 phs President Harding Rapid to Saddle Canyon
>47 to 52 sn Saddle Canyon to Nankoweap Rapid
>60 to 61 slc Sixty Mile Rapid to Little Colorado River
>62 to 69 blcr below Little Colorado River
>85 to 87 zc Zoroaster Rapid to Cremation
File naming convention where xxxx is one of the river segment
abbreviations (id above) plus a number:
>r300xxxx.tif R3-00-GC sidescan sonar image, 0.2 m resolution
>r300xxxx.tfw world file for registration of sidescan sonar image
>r300xxxx.prj projection file for sidescan sonar image
>
>r400xxxx.tif R4-00-GC sidescan sonar image, 0.2 m resolution
>r400xxxx.tfw world file for registration of sidescan sonar image
>r400xxxx.prj projection file for sidescan sonar image
>
>r300xxxx/ interpreted sediment types, R3-00-GC
>r300xxxxsw/ sandwave fields, R3-00-GC
>
>r400xxxx/ interpreted sediment types, R4-00-GC
>r400xxxxsw/ sandwave fields, R4-00-GC
>
>chgxxxxsw/ bedform changes between R3-00-GC and R4-00-GC
>chgxxxx/ deposition or erosion between R3-00-GC and R4-00-GC
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata
file is intended to document the data set in nonproprietary form,
as well as in ArcInfo format, this metadata file may include some
ArcInfo-specific terminology.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 200304
Currentness_Reference: Ground Condition
Status:
Progress: In work
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As Needed.
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -112.09242
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -111.47837
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.08593
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.93602
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: sidescan sonar
Theme_Keyword: experimental flow
Theme_Keyword: river sediments
Theme_Keyword: bedforms
Theme_Keyword: sandwaves
Theme_Keyword: pebbles
Theme_Keyword: gravel
Theme_Keyword: sand
Theme_Keyword: bedrock
Theme_Keyword: boulders
Theme_Keyword: Klein sidescan
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Arizona
Place_Keyword: Colorado River
Place_Keyword: Grand Canyon
Place_Keyword: Glen Canyon Dam
Place_Keyword: Lees Ferry
Place_Keyword: Paria
Place_Keyword: Cathedral Wash
Place_Keyword: Badger
Place_Keyword: Silver Grotto
Place_Keyword: Tiger Wash
Place_Keyword: Shinumo
Place_Keyword: South Canyon
Place_Keyword: Vasey's Paradise
Place_Keyword: Thirty Six Mile
Place_Keyword: President Harding Rapid
Place_Keyword: Eminence Break
Place_Keyword: Saddle Canyon
Place_Keyword: Nankoweep
Place_Keyword: Sixty Mile Rapid
Place_Keyword: Little Colorado
Place_Keyword: Crash Canyon
Place_Keyword: Carbon Creek
Place_Keyword: Lava Chuar
Place_Keyword: Zoroaster
Place_Keyword: Cremation
Place_Keyword: Diamond Creek
Place_Keyword: Phantom Ranch
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
These preliminary data are provided for cooperators in the Grand Canyon
Monitoring Research Center research program and are not intended for general
release without express permission of Roberto J. Anima, USGS (ranima@usgs.gov).
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Florence L. Wong
Contact_Organization:
United States Geological Survey (USGS)
Coastal and Marine Geology (CMG)
Contact_Position: Geologist, GIS Coordinator
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: USGS, MailStop 999, 345 Middlefield Road
City: Menlo Park
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 94025-3561
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (650) 329-5327
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (650) 329-5190
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: fwong@usgs.gov
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
SunOS, 5.8, sun4u UNIX
ArcInfo version 8.0.2
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name:
Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Index map of Grand Canyon survey blocks.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG
Data_Quality_Information:
Logical_Consistency_Report: Not applicable for raster data.
Completeness_Report: Complete.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Location data were acquired in two ways. First, a Global
Positioning System (GPS) collected location data using two
GPS units. The antenna was mounted on a stationary frame
that was located within 0.5 meter over the tow fish. The
GPS data were collected and stored on hard disk and optical
drive for later processing. The second source of
location data relied on high-resolution (1-foot pixels)
aerial photographs covering the entire
river. One crewmember located
and marked features observed along the shore on aerial
photographs with an identifier and time. The
identifier and time were also noted on the paper
sidescan sonar record. A GPS fix was taken at the
same time on the hand-held units. The aerial photograph
data proved essential where the GPS signal was lost to
canyon steepness and reflection of the incoming GPS signal
on the canyon walls.
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Two surveys (R3-00-GC and R4-00-GC) were conducted from
Glen Canyon Dam to Diamond Creek (224 miles). A Klein 500
kHz side-scanning sonar tow fish was used to conduct the
surveys above the Little Colorado River. During the
pre-flow survey a large quantity of fine-grained sediment
from the Little Colorado attenuated the outgoing sidescan
signal so much that the survey had to be stopped.
Switching to a 100 kHz tow fish and electronics allowed the
surveying to continue to Diamond Creek.
Process_Date: 200009
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Sidescan sonar images were processed with the USGS Mini Image
Processing System
(MIPS) ,
a set of software tools that are used to
convert rectangular blocks of raw data to georeferenced images in
UTM 11 coordinates in MIPS "raw" or .bil (band interleaved by line)
format. The processed images have pixel values
0 to 255, indicating a range of sonar reflectance from low
to high. In grayscale, these values are portrayed as black
to white, respectively. The images were converted to TIFFs for
use with illustration software. Processor: Peter Galanis (pgalanis@usgs.gov).
Process_Date: 2001
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Sidescan sonar tiff images were imported to Adobe Photoshop where
the color mapping was inverted so that original 0 to 255 pixel
values are gradational from white to black. Interpreted features
were drawn as vector layers in Adobe Illustrator.
Images were enlarged for interpreting 50 to
100 percent for clarity. The resolution of the sidescan
images is 0.2 meter per pixel. Darker features on the inverted
images indicate higher reflectivity. For example, bedrock
and boulders image as dark reflectors whereas sand and
gravel image as various shades of white to dark gray.
Processor: Roberto Anima (ranima@usgs.gov).
Process_Date: 2002
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Vector layers from Adobe Illustrator files were exported to
Arc shapefiles with Avenza Mapublisher. Registration tics
were generated from the registration world file of the
sidescan sonar images. The upper left tic coordinates and
a scale of 567 supplied to Mapublisher produces registered
shapefiles. The shapefiles were converted to
Arc coverages for editing and tagging. Processors: Jennifer
Codianne, Yu Xia, Randy Bucciarelli, and Michael Hamer.
Process_Date: 2002
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The coverages were checked and manually registered if the
navigation data were insufficient.
The image and vector files in UTM 11 coordinates
were converted to Arizona State Plane coordinates for
conformance to GCMRC requirements. Processor: Florence
Wong (fwong@usgs.gov).
Process_Date: 2003
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
First draft of metadata created by florence using
FGDCMETA.AML ver. 1.35 08/02/2000 on ArcInfo data set
/we5/florence/gc/bp1a/r3bp1a_az
Process_Date: 20030314
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
Row_Count: 7295
Column_Count: 5190
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
>r300xxx.tif, r400xxx.tif - 0.2-meter resolution sidescan
>sonar images with pixel values 0 to 255. 0 represents
>nodata areas. Image color is black (0) to white (255).
>
>r300xxxx, r400xxxx - polygon coverage of interpreted
>sediment types
>
> Attribute: sedtype
> Values: bedrock, boulders, pebbles_cobbles, sand, shoreline
>
>r300xxxsw, r400xxxsw - polygon coverage of sandwave fields
>
> Attribute: sedtype
> Values: starved_sand
>
>chgxxxsw - polygon coverage of areas of bedform change
>between R3-00-GC and R4-00-GC
>
> Attribute: sedchange
> Values: new sandwaves, sandwaves lost
>
>chg_r4xxx - polygon coverage of areas of fining, coarsening, erosion or
>deposition between R3-00-GC and R4-00-GC
>
> Attribute: sedchange
> Values: fining, coarsening, deposition, erosion
>
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
United States Geological Survey (USGS)
Coastal and Marine Geology (CMG)
Contact_Person: Florence L. Wong
Contact_Position: Geologist, GIS Coordinator
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: USGS, MailStop 999, 345 Middlefield Road
City: Menlo Park
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 94025-3561
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (650) 329-5327
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (650) 329-5190
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: fwong@usgs.gov
Distribution_Liability:
Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of
this information.
Although these data have been used by the U.S. Geological Survey,
U.S. Department of the Interior, no warranty expressed or implied
is made by the U.S. Geological Survey as to the accuracy of the
data.
The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty,
and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in
the use of this data, software, or related materials.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20030422
Metadata_Review_Date: 200305
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
United States Geological Survey (USGS)
Coastal and Marine Geology (CMG)
Contact_Person: Florence L. Wong
Contact_Position: Geologist, GIS Coordinator
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: USGS, MailStop 999, 345 Middlefield Road
City: Menlo Park
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 94025-3561
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (650) 329-5327
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (650) 329-5190
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: fwong@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata ("CSDGM version 2")
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Access_Constraints: none
Metadata_Use_Constraints: none