Enhanced TIFF Sidescan-Sonar Mosaic of Las Vegas Wash - Lake Mead, Nevada: Geographic Coordinates

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Metadata:
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: David C. Twichell
Originator: VeeAnn A. Cross
Publication_Date: 2003
Title:
Enhanced TIFF Sidescan-Sonar Mosaic of Las Vegas Wash - Lake Mead, Nevada: Geographic Coordinates
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
Online_Linkage:
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: David C. Twichell
Originator: VeeAnn A. Cross
Originator: Stephen D. Belew
Publication_Date: 2003
Title:
Mapping the floor of Lake Mead (Nevada and Arizona): Preliminary discussion and GIS data release
Edition: 1.0
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 03-320
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Woods Hole Field Center, Woods Hole, MA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Description:
Abstract:
Lake Mead is a large interstate reservoir located in the Mojave Desert of southeastern Nevada and northwestern Arizona. It was impounded in 1935 by the construction of Hoover Dam and is one of a series of multi-purpose reservoirs on the Colorado River. The lake extends 183 km from the mouth of the Grand Canyon to Black Canyon, the site of Hoover Dam, and provides water for residential, commercial, industrial, recreational, and other non-agricultural users in communities across the southwestern United States. Extensive research has been conducted on Lake Mead, but a majority of the studies have involved determining levels of anthropogenic contaminants such as synthetic organic compounds, heavy metals and dissolved ions, furans/dioxins, and nutrient loading in lake water, sediment, and biota (Preissler, et al., 1998; Bevans et al, 1996; Bevans et al., 1998; Covay and Leiker, 1998; LaBounty and Horn, 1997; Paulson, 1981). By contrast, little work has focused on the sediments in the lake and the processes of deposition (Gould, 1951). To address these questions, sidescan-sonar imagery and high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles were collected throughout Lake Mead by the USGS in cooperation with researchers from University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV). These data allow a detailed mapping of the surficial geology and the distribution and thickness of sediment that has accumulated in the lake since the completion of Hoover Dam. Results indicate that the accumulation of post-impoundment sediment is primarily restricted to former river and stream beds that are now submerged below the lake while the margins of the lake appear to be devoid of post-impoundment sediment. The sediment cover along the original Colorado River bed is continuous and is typically greater than 10 m thick through much of its length. Sediment thickness in some areas exceeds 35 m while the smaller tributary valleys typically are filled with less than 4 m of sediment. Away from the river beds that are now covered with post-impoundment sediment, pre-impoundment alluvial deposits and rock outcrops are still exposed on the lake floor.
Purpose:
This sidescan-sonar imagery is used to map the morphology of the lake floor and determine the extent of sediment distribution on the lake floor.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20000601
Ending_Date: 20000606
Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.877684
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.805622
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.139662
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.109843
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
Theme_Keyword: CMGP
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Theme_Keyword: images
Theme_Keyword: mosaic
Theme_Keyword: OFR03-320
Theme_Keyword: Open-File Report
Theme_Keyword: reservoir
Theme_Keyword: sidescan
Theme_Keyword: sidescan sonar
Theme_Keyword: TIFF
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Field Center
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
Place_Keyword: Lake Mead
Place_Keyword: Las Vegas
Place_Keyword: Las Vegas Wash
Place_Keyword: Mojave Desert
Place_Keyword: Nevada
Place_Keyword: United States
Place_Keyword: North America
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
The U.S. Geological Survey must be referenced as the originator of the dataset in any future products or research derived from these data.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: David C. Twichell
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Oceanographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2266
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dtwichell@usgs.gov
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.0 (Build 2195) Service Pack 4; ESRI ArcCatalog 8.2.0.700
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: H.E. Bevans
Originator: S.L. Goodbred
Originator: J.F. Miesner
Originator: S.A. Watkins
Originator: T.S. Gross
Originator: N.D. Denslow
Originator: T. Choeb
Publication_Date: 1996
Title:
Synthetic organic compounds and carp endrocrinology and histology, Las Vegas Wash and Las Vegas and Callville bays of Lake Mead Nevada
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Water-Resources Investigations
Issue_Identification: 96-4266
Publication_Information:
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: H.E. Bevans
Originator: M.S. Lico
Originator: S.J. Lawrence
Publication_Date: 1998
Title:
Water quality in the Las Vegas Valley area and the Carson and Truckee River basins, Nevada and California, 1992-1996
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Circular
Issue_Identification: 1170
Publication_Information:
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: K.J. Couvay
Originator: T.J. Leiker
Publication_Date: 1998
Title:
Synthetic organic compounds in water and bottom sediment from streams, detention basins, and sewage-treatment plant outfalls in Las Vegas Valley, Nevada, 1997
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 98-633
Publication_Information:
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: H.R. Gould
Publication_Date: 1951
Title: Some quantitative aspects of Lake Mead turbidity currents
Series_Information:
Series_Name: SEPM Special Publication
Issue_Identification: No. 2
Publication_Information:
Publisher: Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: J.F. LaBounty
Originator: M.J. Horn
Publication_Date: 1997
Title:
The influence of drainage from the Las Vegas Valley on the limnology of Boulder Basin, Lake Mead, Arizona-Nevada
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Journal of Lake and Reservoir Management
Issue_Identification: v. 13
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: L.J. Paulson
Publication_Date: 1981
Title:
Nutrient management with hydroelectric dams on the Colorado River
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Technical Report
Issue_Identification: #8
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada
Publisher: Lake Mead Limnological Research Center
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: A.M. Preissler
Originator: G.A. Roach
Originator: K.A. Thomas
Originator: J.W. Wilson
Publication_Date: 1998
Title: Water resources data, Nevada, water year 1998
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Water Resources Data Nevada
Issue_Identification: NV-98-1
Publication_Information:
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Data_Quality_Information:
Logical_Consistency_Report:
All of these data were collected with the same sidescan-sonar towfish - the Edgetech DF1000. All data were collected as 16-bit, 200m swath, 1024 pixels/side.
Completeness_Report:
All imagery necessary to map the lake floor of interest in this particular study was used.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
The ship was navigated with P-CODE GPS. The towfish was deployed at approximately the same depth each day, with little variation during the course of the survey. Due to the shipboard configuration, the navigation antennae was placed at the approximate layback position of the towfish, therefore range to fish errors are assumed to be negligible.
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Sidescan sonar imagery was collected using an Edgetech DF1000 sidescan sonar system and logged to a Triton QMIPS data logging computer. All of the data were collected at a 200m swath, 1024 pixels/side, 16-bit. The digital sidescan data were then processed and mapped to provide proper geographic locations of features identified in the imagery. The processing steps included subsampling the raw sidescan data using a median filtering routine to suppress speckle noise and reduce file size, and corrrect for slant-range distortion, signal attentuation, and dropped sonar lines using XSonar (Danforth et al., 1991).
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Danforth, W.W., O'Brien, T.F., and Schwab, W.C., 1991, USGS image processing system: near real-time mosaicking of high-resolutoin sidescan-sonar data: Sea Technology, Jan., 1991, p. 54-59.
Process_Date: 20000600
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The imagery was mapped into its proper geographic location using techniques summarized by Paskevich (1996). Individual sidescan swaths were mapped with each pixel geographically positioned at a resolution of 1 m/pixel.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Paskevich, V.F., 1996, MAPIT: An improved method for mapping digital sidescan sonar data using the Woods HOle Image Processing System (WHIPS) software: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-281, 73p.
Process_Date: 20000600
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Non-overlapping swaths were then brought into the remote sensing software package PCI. The techniques for generating the composite digital sidscan mosaic are summarized by Paskevich (1992). A root stretch from 0-254 was applied to the sidescan image. The imagery portion was then cut out and written to a PCI channel with a white background. By doing this, within ArcView the user can turn the 255 pixel value to transparent and only display the actual sidescan imagery. This enhanced image was then exported from PCI as a TIFF image with an associated world file for georeferencing purposes.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Paskevich, V.F., 1992, Digital mapping of sidescan sonar data with the Woods Hole Image Processing System software: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-536, 87p.
Process_Date: 20000600
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: David C. Twichell
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Oceanographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2266
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dtwichell@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The UTM projected image was the reprojected to Geographic coordinates using BlueMarble's Geographic Transformer software. Transform parameters used a resolution of 1m/pixel and a central latitude of 36N.
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
Row_Count: 3308
Column_Count: 6468
Vertical_Count: 1
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Geographic:
Latitude_Resolution: 0.000009
Longitude_Resolution: 0.000011
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees
Planar:
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000011
Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000009
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Band_1
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: ObjectID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Value
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Red
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Green
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Blue
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
The pixel value represents the DN return value of the sidescan-sonar system. A high value (ie 254) indicates a highly reflective lake floor surface, while a low value (ie 0) indicates low reflectance.
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: David C. Twichell
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Oceanographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2266
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dtwichell@usgs.gov
Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
Distribution_Liability:
These data were prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. Any views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. Although all data published in this publication have been used by the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and related materials and/or the functioning of the software. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of this data, software, or related materials.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Transfer_Size: 3.944
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20031006
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
Metadata_Extensions:
Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>
Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile
Generated by mp version 2.7.3 on Mon Oct 06 12:16:48 2003