U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1003 

H11043_GEO_WGS84_ENHAN.TIF: Enhanced composite sidescan sonar mosaic of NOAA survey H11043 off Branford, Connecticut

Metadata also available as: FAQ | TEXT

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey

Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Publication_Date: 2003

Title:

H11043_GEO_WGS84_ENHAN.TIF: Enhanced composite sidescan sonar mosaic of NOAA survey H11043 off Branford, Connecticut

Edition: 1.0

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Woods Hole, MA

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Other_Citation_Details: Data are released via CD-ROM media.

Online_Linkage:

<http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1003/data/sidescan/h11043/enhanced/h11043_geo_wgs84_enhan.zip>

Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: L.J. Poppe

Originator: V.F. Paskevich

Originator: M.S. Moser

Originator: M.L. DiGiacomo-Cohen

Originator: E.B. Christman

Publication_Date: 2004

Title:

Sidescan Sonar Imagery and Surficial Geologic Interpretation of the Sea Floor off Branford, Connecticut

Edition: 1.0

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Open-File Report

Issue_Identification: 2004-1003

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Other_Citation_Details:

This digital publication may also be available via the web at pubs.usgs.gov

Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1003>

Online_Linkage: <http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/openfile/of2004-1003>

Description:

Abstract:

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, has produced detailed geologic maps of the sea floor in Long Island Sound, a major East Coast estuary surrounded by the most densely populated region of the United States. These studies have built upon cooperative research with the State of Connecticut that was initiated in 1982. The current phase of this research program is directed toward studies of sea-floor sediment distribution, processes that control sediment distribution, nearshore environmental concerns, and the relation of benthic community structures to the sea-floor geology.

Anthropogenic wastes, toxic chemicals, and changes in land-use patterns resulting from residential, commercial, and recreational development have stressed the environment of the Sound, causing degradation and potential loss of benthic habitats (Koppelman and others, 1976; Long Island Sound Study, 1994). Detailed maps of the sea floor are needed to help evaluate the extent of adverse impacts and to help manage resources wisely in the future. Therefore, in a continuing effort to better understand Long Island Sound, we have constructed and interpreted sidescan sonar mosaics (complete-coverage acoustic images of the sea floor) within specific areas of special interest. The mosaic presented herein covers a 41.1 km square area of the sea floor in north-central Long Island Sound off Branford, Connecticut.

The mosaics and their interpretations serve many purposes, including: (1) defining the geological variability of the sea floor, which is one of the primary controls of benthic habitat diversity; (2) improving our understanding of the processes that control the distribution and transport of bottom sediments and the distribution of benthic habitats and associated infaunal community structures; and (3) providing a detailed framework for future research, monitoring, and management activities. The sidescan sonar mosaics also serve as base maps for subsequent sedimentological, geochemical, and biological observations, because precise information on environmental setting is important for selection of sampling sites and for accurate interpretation of point measurements.

Purpose:

This GIS overlay is a component of the Branford Survey, Long Island Sound, ArcView GIS database and contains the completed sidescan sonar mosaic for the study area. The image, which has been stretched to bring out details and facilitate interpretation, has a white background surrounding the composite mosaic.

Supplemental_Information:

This image has been radiometrically processed to enhance the image for better viewing. High dn values represent high backscatter and low dn values represent low backscatter.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2001

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.869907

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.775833

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.237200

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.151200

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General

Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey

Theme_Keyword: USGS

Theme_Keyword: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Theme_Keyword: NOAA

Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Science Center

Theme_Keyword: NOAA Ship RUDE

Theme_Keyword: geotiff

Theme_Keyword: ArcView

Theme_Keyword: sidescan sonar mosaic

Theme_Keyword: image

Theme_Keyword: geographic

Theme_Keyword: radiometrically enhanced

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General

Place_Keyword: North America

Place_Keyword: United States

Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean

Place_Keyword: North Atlantic Ocean

Place_Keyword: northeast United States

Place_Keyword: Long Island Sound

Place_Keyword: Connecticut

Place_Keyword: U.S. East Coast

Place_Keyword: Townshend Ledge

Place_Keyword: Branford Reef

Access_Constraints: None

Use_Constraints:

Public domain data are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as the originators of this dataset.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Larry Poppe

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geologist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: U.S. Geological Survey

Address: 384 Woods Hole Road

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lpoppe@usgs.gov

Browse_Graphic:

Browse_Graphic_File_Name: h11043_geo_wgs84_enhan

Browse_Graphic_File_Description:

Overview of the digital sidescan sonar mosaic produced for NOAA survey H11043

Browse_Graphic_File_Type: GIF

Data_Set_Credit:

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) must be acknowledged as the originators of this data set.

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 8.3.0.800

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report: There are no attributes associated with a GEOTIFF image.

Completeness_Report:

All collected data were processed and used to generate the digital mosaic.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Navigation was by differential GPS; positional accuracy to less than 10 m.

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Publication_Date: Unpublished Material

Title: h11043_utm18_wgs84.tif

Edition: 1.0

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image

Type_of_Source_Media: CD-ROM

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2001

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043mosaic.tif

Source_Contribution:

Original sidescan sonar mosaic created by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

The sidescan sonar imagery contained in this report was produced from data collected during 2001 as part of NOAA surveys H11043 and H11044 aboard the NOAA Ship RUDE. The data for these surveys were acquired in XTF (extended Triton data format) using an Edgetech (EG&G) 272T sidescan sonar tow fish set to sweep about 100 m to either side of the ship's track. The Edgetech model 272T tow fish emits two 50°-wide beams tilted down 20° from horizontal, and transmits at 100 kHz. Analog side scan sonar data were converted to digital using an EG&G Analog Converter Interface (ACI). These digital data were then recorded through a Triton Elics International ISIS data acquisition system.

The sidescan sonar data were multiplexed and filtered to convert the data into the desired processing format and to remove speckle noise and corrected for slant-range distortions. and imported into SonarWeb, an application that creates mosaics from raw XTF sidescan sonar data. The mosaic include the following standards: 1 meter resolution, image 'shine through', and auto contrast adjustment (with a 12.9% contrast increase).

The image includes a white background (no data) surrounding the sidescan sonar image. High dn values represent low backscatter and low dn values represent high backscatter.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: XTF sidescan sonar data

Process_Date: 2002

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: H11043mosaic.tif

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: H11043mosaic.tfw

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: LTJG Marc Moser

Contact_Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Contact_Position: Field Support Liaison

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: Hydrographic Systems and Technology Program

City: Norfolk

State_or_Province: VA

Postal_Code: 23510

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (757) 441-6726

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Marc.S.Moser@noaa.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

The original image was renamed to h11043_utm18_wgs84 for archival purposes and to be more descriptive.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: H11043mosaic.tif

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: H11043mosaic.tfw

Process_Date: Unknown

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_utm18_wgs84.tif

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_utm18_wgs84.tfw

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Lawrence J. Poppe

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geologist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 384 Woods Hole Road

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lpoppe@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

The original image was projected from UTM zone 18 to geographic and greyscale inverted. Lower digital values (dark) represent low backscatter and higher digital values represent high backscatter.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_utm18_wgs84.tif

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_utm18_wgs84.tfw

Process_Date: 20030926

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_geo_wgs84.tif

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_geo_wgs84.tfw

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Valerie Paskevich

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Information Specialist, GIS Coordinator

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: U.S. Geological Survey

Address: 384 Woods Hole Road

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2281

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vpaskevich@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

A linear contrast stretch was applied to the image to brighten and enhance the image for better viewing and visual interpretation. The final image was saved in GEOTIFF format.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_geo_wgs84.tif

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_geo_wgs84.tfw

Process_Date: 20030926

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_geo_wgs84_enhan.tif

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_geo_wgs84_enhan.tfw

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Valerie Paskevich

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Information Specialist, GIS Coordinator

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.

City: Woods Holr

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2281

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vpaskevich@usgs.gov

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster

Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type: Pixel

Row_Count: 9524

Column_Count: 8076

Vertical_Count: 1

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001

Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001

Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees

Planar:

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000012

Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000009

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983

Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984

Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Overview_Description:

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Larry Poppe

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geologist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: U.S. Geological Survey

Address: 384 Woods Hole Road

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lpoppe@usgs.gov

Resource_Description: h11043_geo.tif

Distribution_Liability:

Although this data set has been used by the USGS and NOAA, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS or NOAA as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS or NOAA in the use of these data or related materials.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: TIFF

Format_Information_Content: Two files: h11043_geo.tif and h11043_geo.tfw

File_Decompression_Technique: no compression applied

Transfer_Size: 75.152 Kb

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Offline_Option:

Offline_Media: CD-ROM

Recording_Capacity:

Recording_Density: 650

Recording_Density_Units: Mbytes

Recording_Format: ISO 9660

Compatibility_Information:

The user must have a CD-ROM capable of reading an ISO 9660 standard CD-ROM

Fees: None

Technical_Prerequisites:

The user must have a program capable of reading and processing "geotiff" images.

Available_Time_Period:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2004

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20040404

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Lawrence J. Poppe

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geologist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: U.S. Geological Survey

Address: 384 Woods Hole Road

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lpoppe@usgs.gov

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time

Metadata_Access_Constraints: None

Metadata_Use_Constraints: None