Metadata also available as
Title: Mining activity in
Abstract:
This digital movie displays
significant patterns of
Supplemental_Information:
The movie is comprised of three Microsoft PowerPoint files (.ppt). The main PowerPoint movie, movie.ppt, includes links to two self-looping subsets: mines+routes.ppt and districts+routes.ppt
Moyer, Lorre A., 2004, Mining activity in
Online Links:
o < http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1244 />
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -119.617000
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.274000
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.840000
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.466000
Beginning_Date:
Ending_Time: 1995
Currentness_Reference: dates for which historical data were available
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital movie
a. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
b. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees.
The horizontal datum used is North American Datum
of 1927.
The ellipsoid used is Clarke 1866.
The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378206.400000.
The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/294.978698.
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
The data was subdivided into decades by using the discovery and production date fields. No changes were made to the source data for mineral production and gold prices, however the data were converted to chart format using Excel. Population data by decade obtained online were added to the ESRI county shapefile which was clipped for Nevada. Transportation route data were subdivided by decade according to the approximate time that route existed based on online research.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
Spatial data fields for mineral occurrence and mining district locations were used as they existed in the original sources. Refer to original source metadata.
Joe Tingley, Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, provided unpublished annual totals ( by district and county) for Nevada precious metal, base metal, and industrial mineral production, and Gary Raines, USGS, provided input on the movie design.
Lorre A. Moyer
U.S. Geological Survey
Geologist
USGS C/O Mackay School of Mines MS-176, UNR
775-784-5552 (voice)
775-784-5079 (FAX)
lorre@usgs.gov
The digital movie was created to visually describe Nevada mineral activity patterns and the historical factors that have influenced these patterns. The factors include transportation routes, major historical events, population trends, significant mineral deposits, mining districts, mineral production, and gold booms.
Long and others, 1998 (source 1 of 9)
Long, K.R., J.H. DeYoung, Jr., and Ludington, S.D., 1998, Database of significant deposits of gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc in the United States: Open-File Report 98-206B, U.S. Geological Survey.
Type_of_Source_Media: Excel spreadsheet
Source_Contribution:
Data for Nevada precious and base metal deposits were extracted from Excel spreadsheet SD4.xls and put into Excel table sigdep.xls. Data fields include location, production, and date of discovery for significant precious metal and base metal deposits. For this data significant deposits contain at a minimum of one of the following metals: 2 metric tons of gold, 85 metric tons of silver, 50,000 metric tons of copper, 30,000 metric tons of lead, or 50,000 metric tons of zinc.
Tingley, 1992 (source 2 of 9)
Tingley, Joseph V. , 1992, Mining districts of Nevada: Report 47, Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, Reno, Nevada.
Type_of_Source_Media: CD-ROM
Source_Scale_Denominator: 1000000
Source_Contribution:
Tingley (1992) provided ArcView shapefiles ( version 3.x) imported (from ARC/INFO 7.1.2 E00 files) for Nevada mining districts, (file: mdist_p), and major transportation routes in Nevada, (file: roads_a).
McFaul and others, 2000 (source 3 of 9)
McFaul, E.J., G.T. Mason, Jr., Ferguson, W.B., and Lipin, B.R., 2000, U.S. Geological Survey mineral databases - MRDS and MAS/MILS: Digital Data Series DDS-52, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.
Type_of_Source_Media: CD-ROM
Source_Contribution:
Location, discovery dates, and production information for large industial mineral occurences in Nevada were extracted from the Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS) database and the Minerals Availability System/ Minerals Industry Location System (MAS/MILS) database provided in a FoxPro Version 2.6 format.
Reno, 2002 (source 4 of 9)
Reno, Mona, 2002, Nevada County populations 1860 -2000: Nevada State Library and Archives, online.
Online Links:
o <http://dmla.clan.lib.nv.us/docs/nsla/sdc/CountyPops/all_data.htm>
Other_Citation_Details:
This data was compiled by the Nevada State Data Center Librarian from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census decennial census reports at the Nevada State Library and Archives.
Type_of_Source_Media: online
Source_Contribution:
This online source provided Nevada population statistics by county from 1860 to 2000 in the html file all_data.htm.
Tingley, unpub. data, 2003 (source 5 of 9)
Tingley, J.V., 2003, unpublished data, Nevada Mineral Production 1859-1992.
Type_of_Source_Media: disc
Source_Contribution:
This source provided precious, base metal, and industrial mineral annual total production data 1859-1992 for Nevada (by district and by county) in file Au-Ag production 1849-1992.xls.
NMA, 2003 (source 6 of 9)
National Mining Association, 2003, Historical Gold Prices - 1833 to present: National Mining Association, online.
Online Links:
o <http://www.nma.org/pdf/gold/his_gold_prices.pdf>
Other_Citation_Details:
The gold prices given in the PDF file (NMA, 2003) were derived from the World Gold Council (for the period 1883-1994), and from Kitco.com (for the period 1995-2000).
Type_of_Source_Media: online
Source_Contribution: NMA provided data on historic annual gold prices.
Tingley and others, 1993 (source 7 of 9)
Tingley, Joseph V., Horton, Robert C., and Lincoln, Francis C., 1993, Outline of Nevada mining history: Special Publication 15, Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, University of Nevada, Reno.
Type_of_Source_Media: paper
Source_Contribution: This source provided background on Nevada mining history.
ESRI Data, 2002 (source 8 of 9)
Environmental Systems Research, Inc. (ESRI), 2002, ESRI DATA & Maps 2002: ESRI Data & Maps 2002, ESRI, Redlands, California, USA.
Other_Citation_Details:
Data derived from the U.S. National Transportation Atlas Railroads at 1:100,000 scale
Type_of_Source_Media: CD-ROM
Source_Contribution:
This source provided ArcView shapefiles (version 3.x) for Nevada state (states.shp) and county (counties.shp) boundaries, and railroad system (rail100k.shp)
Moyer, unpub. image, 2003 (source 9 of 9)
Moyer, L. A., 2003, unpublished image, Nevada mine visit photo.
Other_Citation_Details:
This JPEG image was scanned and clipped from a photo taken by Lorre Moyer at a Nevada mine site visit.
Type_of_Source_Media: scanned image
Source_Contribution:
This image of a Nevada mine visit was used as visual enhancement in the animation.
Date: 2003 (process 1 of 1)
Location data for significant precious and base metal deposits of Nevada were extracted from SD4.xls (Long and others, 1998), and used to create an event theme that was converted to sig_dep.shp. The spatial data was then sub-divided into several shapefiles representing decade intervals for the period 1851-1995, using the fields: DISC_YR (year of discovery); PROD_DATE (date of production start); PROD_END (date of production end); ACTIVE_MIN (active or inactive date).
Location data for large industrial mineral deposits of Nevada were extracted from the MRDS data (McFaul and others, 2000) by searching the fields COMMOD (commodity type) and selecting industrial mineral types of occurrences, as well as DEP_SIZE (deposit size) = L (large). The location information was used to create an event theme that was converted to mrds_industrial.shp. The spatial data was then sub-divided into several shapefiles representing decade time intervals for 1851-1995 using the fields: YR_DISC (year of discovery); YR_1st_PRO (year of first production); YR_LAST (year of last production). Location information for Nevada industrial minerals was extracted from MAS/MILS data (McFaul and others, 2000) using the field COMMOD (commodity type) to select industrial mineral mines that had activity information. An event theme was created from the location data and converted to the mils_industrial.shp. The spatial data was then sub-divided into several shapefiles representing decade time intervals for 1851-1995 using the fields YOD (year of discovery); YIP (year of initial production): and YLP (year of last production).
The mineral deposit locations were symbolized in ArcView 3.2 with a color-coded square for producing deposits (magenta = precious metal, brown = base metal, and gold = industrial mineral), a small black square in the middle of the color-coded square indicates a pre-production status, and a large black square indicates an inactive mine. Corresponding mining districts for the mineral deposits were extracted from the mining district shapefile mdist_p (Tingley, 1992). The districts were subdivided into shapefiles representing decade time intervals, and the polygons were symbolized a pale yellow with a purple border indicating the boundary of the mining district and were used as a general summary of activity for each decade. Note that not every mineral deposit lies within or is represented by a mining district.
Unpublished annual Nevada production data in (Tingley, unpub. data, 2003) were used to create an Excel line chart showing total Nevada mineral production in 1987 dollars. Microsoft Paint 5.1 software was used to slice the chart into JPEG images for animating the mineral production progression over time, as well as summarizing and emphasizing the three major boom periods: the Comstock, the Tonopah-Goldfield, and the Carlin. Production data for precious metal, base metal and industrial minerals (Tingley, unpub. data, 2003) were used to create bar charts by decade and show the production activity of the mineral types. The bars were color-coded to match the mineral occurrence color-coding and exported as JPEG images for the PowerPoint presentation. Historical gold price data was obtained online from the National Mining Association and was imported into an Excel spreadsheet to create a gold price line chart exported to a JPEG image and used in the presentation to show the extraordinary increase in gold prices during the 1980's.
Online historical census data (Reno, 2002) for Nevada Counties was used to show patterns in population changes by decade. Ten classifications representing population range from >1000 to >1,000,000 were created. Shapefiles of county population were created for each decade with the counties color-coded and exported from an ArcView layout to JPEG images and inserted into the PowerPoint slides.
Shapefiles for major highways (Tingley, 1992) and railroad routes (ESRI data, 2002) were available, however shapefiles for historic trails were not found. After some online research it was evident that major trails closely resembled the major highway routes. The Old Spanish Trail became Interstate 15, the Immigrant Trail became Highway 80, and the Old Pony Express and stagecoach trail became Highway 50. Two small diversions of the Old Spanish Trail and the immigrant trail and one on the Pony Express trail became minor roads that were copied from the roads shapefile into the created trails shapefile. One small loop on the Eastern portion of the Pony Express trail was digitized on screen and added. The trails therefore are not highly accurate but are reasonably close representations and adequate for the digital movie purposes. The time periods assigned to the railroad routes are not accurate but are generalized to display the route development from the 1860's Transcontinental Railroad (Central Pacific routes) and progressing to the 1900's Southern Pacific and Northern Nevada routes. The man in a hard hat image used to enhance the text was scanned from a photograph from a Nevada mine visit (Moyer, unpub. image, 2003).
The data was projected to UTM Zone 11 NAD 27 in ArcView 3.2 and layouts were created at a scale of 1: 5,474,178. The scale selection was based on the preferred size of the layout for the presentation. The presentation was created as a movie (movie.ppt) with text for educational purposes and as two short animations without text displaying the mining districts (districts+routes.ppt) and mine sites (mines+routes.ppt) in a manner more appropriate for exhibit booth display purposes.
Person who carried out this activity:
Lorre A.
Moyer
U.S. Geological Survey
Geologist
USGS C/O Mackay School of Mines MS-176
Reno, NV 89557
USA
775-784-5552 (voice)
775-784-5079 (FAX)
lorre@usgs.gov
Data sources used in this process:
Field checking of all location information is recommended. Mine location and production data were derived from the U.S. Geological Survey's Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS) and the U.S. Bureau of Mines' Minerals Availability System/ Minerals Industry Location System (MAS/MILS) which vary widely in source quality as well as accuracy. Mining district boundaries are from the Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Report 47 (Tingley, 1992); however, they are rough representations and are not meant to be accurate, ground-truthed characterization of the data.
No tests were performed.
Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Any hardcopies utilizing this data set shall clearly indicate its source. If the users have modified the data in any way, they are obliged to describe the types of modifications they have performed. The user specifically agrees not to misrepresent this data set, nor to imply that changes they made were approved by the U.S. Geological Survey.
USGS, Information Services
Box 25286
Denver, CO 80225
303-202-4200 (voice)
303-202-4695 (FAX)
Downloadable
Data: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1244/>
Although all data and software have been used by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and related materials and (or) the functioning of the software. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data, software, or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
|
Data format: |
ppt (version Microsoft PowerPoint 2000) Size: 0.035 |
Dates:
Last modified: 26-Sep-2003
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey
c/o Lorre Moyer
Geologist
USGS C/O Mackay School of Mines MS-176, UNR
775-784-5552 (voice)
775-784-5079 (FAX)
lorre@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
Metadata extensions used:
· <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>
Generated by mp version 2.7.33 on Fri Mar 19
09:54:12 2004
modified by Mike Diggles December 1, 2006