U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Open-File Report 2004-1363
By: R.D. Evaldi and Kurt J. McCoy, U.S. Geological Survey
ABSTRACT
Communities within the Valley and Ridge Physiographic Province of West Virginia are concerned about the availability and sustainability of their water supplies. The water resources of the Wardensville area of West Virginia were investigated and data sources were reviewed that will be useful in similar resource assessments elsewhere in the region. Estimates of long-term average discharge of the Cacapon River, Waites Run, and Trout Run are 170, 21, and 78 cubic feet per second, respectively. Average flow from Wardensville Spring during the study was determined to be 0.265 cubic feet per second, and the apparent age of this water was about 20 years. Increases in springflow and drops in temperature of the water during significant winter runoff events suggest that Wardensville Spring may be under the influence of surface runoff at such times. About 80 total coliform colonies per 100 milliliters (mL) of water were found in the spring, but less than 1 colony per 100 mL of water was fecal coliform, and their source is unknown. A well completed during the study in the Marcellus Shale near the contact with the Oriskany Sandstone is capable of yielding 60 gallons per minute, and water produced from the well has an apparent age of 50 years. Iron and manganese concentrations in the well (1,680 and 114 micrograms per liter, respectively) exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency secondary maximum contaminant levels. It is likely that a well drilled about 130 feet from Wardensville Spring is hydraulically connected to the spring because pumping at the time of well completion induced drawdown at the spring. About 20 total coliform colonies per 100 mL of water were found in that well, but fecal coliform counts were less than 1 colony per 100 mL of water. Transmissivity values of the aquifer as determined at two wells completed in the Marcellus Shale near the contact with the Oriskany Sandstone on opposite sides of Anderson Ridge are 200 and 400 feet squared per day.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract
Introduction
Purpose and Scope
Hydrologic Setting
Sources of Data
Methods of Study
Surface-water Resources
Cacapon River
Waites Run
Trout Run
Ground-Water Resources
Springs
Wells
Water Quality
Surface- and ground-water interaction
Summary and conclusions
References
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
FIGURES
1.–3. Maps showing:
1. Location of study sites near Wardensville, WV
2. Geology, structural features, and sampling sites near Wardensville, WV
3. Streamflow-gaging stations and springs with data used for comparison to stream and spring data collected near Wardensville, WV
4.–7. Graphs showing:
4. Relation of daily mean discharge of Cacapon River above Wardensville, WV, to daily mean discharge of Cacapon River at Great Cacapon, WV, October 1, 1971 to September 30, 1973
5. Relation of daily mean discharge of Waites Run near Wardensville, WV, to daily mean discharge of Hogue Creek near Hayfield, VA, January 26, 2002, to May 31, 2004
6. Elapsed time and drawdown during aquifer test of well HRD-0301, February 25, 2004, near Wardensville, WV
7. Elapsed time and drawdown during aquifer test of well HRD-0302, February 25, 2004, near Wardensville, WV
TABLES
1. Estimates of flow statistics for streams in the Wardensville area, Hardy County, WV
2. Summary of monthly water-quality analyses for Waites Run at mile 4.3 near Wardensville, WV, October 2001 to September 2003
3. Water-quality analyses of Wardensville Spring (HRD-0019S), Waites Run at mile 1.0, the Town of Wardensville well (HRD-0302), and the Wardensville regional monitor well(HRD-0301), Feb. 25, 2004
4. Discharge measurements along Waites Run on October 22, 2003, February 29 and June 2, 2004
VERTICAL DATUM
Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Altitude, as used in the report, refers to distance above or below NGVD 29. NGVD 29 can be converted to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88) by using the National Geodetic Survey conversion utility available at URL http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/TOOLS/Vertcon/vertcon.html.
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For more information about USGS activities in West Virginia contact:
District Chief
U.S. Geological Survey
Water Resources Discipline
11 Dunbar Street
Charleston, West Virginia 25301
Telephone: (304) 347-5130
Fax: (304) 347-5133
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