Preliminary Surficial Geologic Map Database of the Amboy 30x60 Minute Quadrangle, California By David R. Bedford, David M. Miller, and Geoffrey A. Phelps Description of Database For those who don't use digital geologic map databases For those interested in the geology of the map area that do not use an ARC/INFO-compatible (www.esri.com) Geographic Information System (GIS), we have provided two sets of plot files containing images of much of the information in the database. There is a set of images in PostScript format and another in Adobe Acrobat PDF (http://www.adobe.com/) format (see the sections PostScript plot files and PDF plot files below). Those interested who have computer capability can access the plot file packages in any of the three ways described below (see the section Obtaining the digital database and plot file packages). However, the plot file packages do require gzip and tar utilities to access the plot files. Therefore, additional software, available free on the Internet, may be required to use the plot files (see Tar files section). Those without computer capability can obtain plots of the map files through an outside vendor (see section Obtaining plots from an outside vendor). Digital Open-File Contents This Open-File Report consists of three digital packages. The first is the Documentation Package, which consists of this file and the geologic explanation pamphlet in text, Postscript, and Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF), and FGDC metadata for this report, and a revision list. The second is Digital Database Package, which contains the geologic map database itself, and metadata. The third is the Plotfile Package, which contains an on-screen viewable or printable image of the geologic map created from the database in PostScript and PDF formats. Note: filenames used in this report are based on combinations of the Open-File Report number, followed by an underscore, followed by the number of the package, followed by an alphabetic character denoting the part of that package, followed by a ".", and a three digit file extension. For example, for a text file of the first part of the documentation package (package number 1) in Open-File Report OF99-999 (a fictitious report number) would have a file name of of99-999_1a.txt Documentation Package The Documentation Package includes descriptions of this report, including instructions on how to get the report, data formats and content. It consists of 3 parts, a text description (this file), FGDC compliant metadata describing the report, and a revision list that lists any revisions made to this report. The documentation package contains the following: of06-1165_1a.txt a text file of the report text (this file) of06-1165_1a.pdf a PDF file of the report text (this file) of06-1165_1b.txt a text file of the geologic description pamphlet of06-1165_1b.pdf a PDF file of the geologic description pamphlet of06-1165_1c.txt a text file of FGDC compliant metadata for this report of06-1165_1d.html a HTML file of FGDC compliant metadata for this report of06-1165_1e.html a HTML 'FAQ' file of FGDC compliant metadata for this report Digital Database Package The database package includes geologic map database files for the map area. The digital maps, or coverages, along with their associated database directory have been converted to uncompressed ARC/INFO export files for distribution. ARC export files promote ease of data handling, and are usable by some Geographic Information Systems in addition to ARC/INFO (see below for a discussion of working with export files). Additionally, ARC export files are files that contain both the spatial and associated database information, so that it is possible to read and interpret the files and write simple code to convert the files to a format more convenient to the user, should no such code be available off-the-shelf. The ARC export files and associated ARC/INFO coverages, and directories, as well as the additional digital material included in the database, are described below: ARC/INFO Resultant export file Coverage Description of Coverage of06-1165_2a.e00 amb-geo Faults, depositional contacts, and rock units in the quadrangle of06-1165_2b.dbf na DBF table of field observations The database package (of05-1165_3.zip) also includes the following files: of06-1165_1b.txt a text file of FGDC compliant metadata for this Report import.aml an ARC/INFO Arc Macro Language file for importing the above coverage Converting ARC export files ARC export files are converted to ARC coverages using the ARC command IMPORT with the option COVER. To ease conversion and maintain naming conventions, we have included an ASCII text file in ARC Macro Language that will convert all of the export files in the database into coverages and create the associated INFO directory. With the Workspace set to the directory containing the Arc Export files, from the ARC command line type: Arc: &run import.aml ARC export files can also be read by some other Geographic Information Systems. Please consult your GIS documentation to see if you can use ARC export files and the procedure to import them. Note: consult the metadata or the Database Specifics section of this Report for details of the format and content of the digital database Plotfile Package For those interested in the geology of the map area whom don't use an ARC/INFO compatible GIS system, we have included a separate data package of printable maps created from the database. Because this release is primarily a digital database, the plot files (and plots derived from) have not been edited to conform to U.S. Geological Survey standards. Small units have not been labeled with leaders and in some instances map features or annotation overlap. The map image is 29 by 64 inches and requires a large plotter to produce paper copies at the intended scale. of06-1165_3a.eps A PostScript format file containing an image of the geologic map, at a scale of 1:100,000. of06-1165_3a.pdf A PDF format file containing an image of the geologic map, at a scale of 1:100,000. Zip files The digital database packages described above are stored in a zip file. A zip, or winzip, compression utility is required to extract the database from the zip file. This utility operates under UNIX, Windows, and Macintosh operating systems, and can be obtained free of charge over the Internet from Internet Literacy's Common Internet File Formats Web page (http://www.matisse.net/files/formats.html). The zip algorithm may also be uncompressed with decompression programs, available free of charge over the Internet via links from the USGS Public Domain Software page (http://edc.usgs.gov/geodata/public.html). Obtaining the Digital Database and Plotfile Packages The digital data can be obtained in any of three ways: a. From the USGS Web Pages. b. Anonymous ftp over the Internet c. Sending a CDR with request To obtain tar files of database or plot file packages from the USGS web pages: The U.S. Geological Survey web site is located at: http://www.usgs.gov/ Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey can be found at http://pubs.usgs.gov/ The direct URL to the web page for this report is: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1165/ The primary World Wide Web server for geologic publications of the U.S. Geological Survey in the Western Region is the "Geopubs" server, located at the following URL: http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov The direct URL to the web page for this Report is: http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of06-1165/ To obtain tar files of database or plot file packages by ftp: The files in these reports are stored on the U.S. Geological Survey Western Region Publications FTP server. The Internet ftp address of this server is: ftp://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov The user should log in with the user name anonymous and then input their e-mail address as the password. This will give the user access to all the publications available via ftp from this server. The files in this report are stored in the subdirectory: pub/open-file/of06-1165 To obtain tar files of database or plot file packages on tape or CDROM: Database files, PostScript plot files, and related files can be obtained by sending a recordable compact disk (CDR) or blank tape with request and return address to: Amboy 30x60, California Database c/o Database Coordinator U.S. Geological Survey 345 Middlefield Road, M/S 973 Menlo Park, CA 94025 Do not omit any part of this address! NOTE: Be sure to include with your request the exact names, as listed above, of the tar files you require. An Open-File Report number is not sufficient, unless you are requesting both the database package and plot file package for the report. The compressed tar file will be returned on the compact disk or tape. Obtaining plots from a commercial vendor Many commercial vendors are capable of producing large format plots for a fee. Most commercial vendors will require the plotfiles to be on a CD-ROM or other portable disk format. Users may download the data from the Internet and create their own CD-ROM, or we can provide one (See To obtain tar files of database or plot file packages on tape or CDROM). Make sure your vendor is capable of reading compact disks and PostScript plot files, and be certain to provide a copy of this document to your vendor. Digital Compilation The map represents new digital mapping and is a not compiled from traditional analog sources. Features were digitized 'heads up' on various remote sensing datasets at varying scales. The remote sensing data includes stereo air photography, as well as several scales and bands of remote sensing including Master and Landsat7 datasets. The following quality control measures were taken: Geologic lines attributed as a 'contact' we checked so as to not separate geologic map units of the same type. No lines attributed as contacts are 'dangles' (i.e. all contacts close a polygon). All geologic polygons are attributed with map unit designators described in this report. Base Maps The base map presented on the geologic map images in this report is the 1:100,000 scale U.S. Geological Survey Digital Raster Graphic (DRG) for the map area. DRGs are available from the U.S. Geological Survey, as well as other data providers, and are not distributed with this report. The base map used in the original report may not be the same as that presented in this version. Spatial Resolution Uses of this digital geologic map should not violate the spatial resolution of the data. Although the digital form of the data removes the constraint imposed by the scale of a paper map, the detail and accuracy inherent in map scale are also present in the digital data. The fact that this database was edited at a scale of 1:100,000 means that higher resolution information is not present in the dataset. Plotting at scales larger than 1:100,000 will not yield greater real detail, although it may reveal fine-scale irregularities below the intended resolution of the database. Similarly, where this database is used in combination with other data of higher resolution, the resolution of the combined output will be limited by the lower resolution of these data. Database Specifics Digital database format The database in this report was compiled in ARC/INFO, a commercial Geographic Information System (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, California). The database structure is similar to databases completed with version 3.0 of the menu interface ALACARTE (Fitzgibbon, 1991; Fitzgibbon and Wentworth, 1991; Wentworth and Fitzgibbon, 1991). All GIS work was done in ARC/INFO version 8.2 using ArcMap. The files are in ARC/INFO coverage format, and thus contain vector data. Coverages are distributed in uncompressed ARC export format. ARC/INFO export files (files with the .e00 extension) can be converted into ARC/INFO coverages in ArcGIS (see the Digital Database Package) and can be read by some other Geographic Information Systems, such as MapInfo via ArcLink and ESRI's ArcView (version 1.0 for Windows 3.1 to 3.11 is available for free from ESRI's web site: http://www.esri.com). The map databases consist of ARC coverages and supporting INFO files, which are stored in a UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) projection (Table 1). Digital tics define a 7.5 minute grid of latitude and longitude in the coverages. Table 2 - Map Projection The maps are stored in UTM projection PROJECTION UTM UNITS METERS -on the ground ZONE 11 -UTM zone DATUM NAD83 The content of the geologic database can be described in terms of the lines, points, and the areas that compose the map. Descriptions of the database fields use the terms explained in Table 2. Table 3 - Field Definition Terms ITEM NAME name of the database field (item) WIDTH maximum number of digits or characters stored OUTPUT output width TYPE B-binary integer, F-binary floating point number, I-ASCII integer, C-ASCII character string N. DEC. number of decimal places maintained for floating point numbers Lines The lines (arcs) are recorded as strings of vectors and are described in the arc attribute table (AAT) described in Table 3. They define the boundaries of the map units, faults, and the map boundaries. These distinctions, including the geologic identities of the unit boundaries, are recorded in the LTYPE field according to the line types listed in Table 4. Table 4 – Structure of the Arc Attribute Tables ITEM NAME WIDTH OUTPUT TYPE N.DEC Description FNODE# 4 5 B starting node of arc (from node) TNODE# 4 5 B ending node of arc (to node) LPOLY# 4 5 B polygon ID to the left of the arc RPOLY# 4 5 B polygon ID to the right of the arc LENGTH 4 12 F 3 length of arc in meters # 4 5 B unique internal control number -ID 4 5 B unique identification number LTYPE 35 35 C geologic line type (see Table 4) Table 5 – Unique listing of Line Types Recorded in the LTYPE Field of Arc Attribute Table contact, approximately located contact, certain contact, eolian gradational contact, gradational fault, approximately located fault, certain fault, concealed fault, concealed, queried fault, queried map boundary Areas Map units (polygons) are described in the polygon attribute table (PAT) described in Table 5. The identities of the map units from the original map are recorded in the PTYPE field by map label, listed in Table 6. Note that ARC/INFO coverages cannot contain both point and polygon information, so only coverages with polygon information will have a polygon attribute table, and these coverages will not have a point attribute table. A complete Description of Map Units is available in the original report, or the digital version of the original report in Appendix 1. Table 6 - Structure of the Polygon Attribute Tables ITEM NAME WIDTH OUTPUT TYPE N.DEC Description AREA 4 12 F 3 area of polygon in map units (meters) PERIMETER 4 12 F 3 length of perimeter in map units (meters) # 4 5 B unique internal control number -ID 4 5 B unique identification number PTYPE 35 35 C map unit label Table 7 – Unique listing of Map Units Recorded in the PTYPE field of Polygon Attribute Table QToa QToa/fpg QToa/mp QToa? Qaa Qaa+Qya Qaag Qaag+Qyag Qae/Qmv Qae/Qyea Qaed+Qyed Qaw Qaw+Qyw Qaw+Qyw+Qye Qawg+Qywg Qha/QTmv Qha/Qmv Qha/ca Qha/ca+sl Qha/fp Qha/fp? Qha/fpg Qha/fv Qha/fv+mv Qha/fv? Qha/mp Qha/mp? Qha/mr Qha/mr+fp Qha/mr? Qha/mv Qha/mv? Qha/pc Qha/pc? Qha/sl Qha/sl/fp Qha/sl? Qhs/ca Qhs/fp Qhs/fp? Qhs/fpg Qhs/fv Qhs/mp Qhs/mr+fp Qia Qia+Qaa Qia+Qoa Qia+Qya Qia+Qyao Qia/Qoa Qia/fp Qia/fv Qia/mp Qia/pc Qia? Qiad Qiae Qiag Qiag+Qyae Qiag+Qyag Qiag/fpg Qiag? Qiao Qiao+Qia Qiao+Qoa Qiaog Qie Qie+Qya Qimc Qimc+Qymc Qiw Qmc Qmc/mv Qoa Qoa+Qia Qoa+Qya Qoa/fp Qoa/fv Qoa/mr Qoa/pc Qoa? Qoa?+Qya Qoad Qoag Qoag/fv Qpd-fp Qpd-fpg Qpd-mr Qpi-fp Qpi-fp? Qpi-fpg Qpi-fpg+Qyag Qpi-mp? Qpi-mr Qpi-pc Qpv-fp Qpv-fpg Qpv-fpg+Qiag Qpv-mr Qya Qya+Qaa Qya+Qia Qya+Qoa Qya+Qyao Qya+Qye Qya+Qyg Qya/Qia Qya/Qia+Qia Qya/Qoa Qya/Qoa? Qyad Qyae Qyae+Qaa Qyae+Qia Qyae+Qiae Qyae+Qya Qyae/Qia Qyaf Qyag Qyag+Qaag Qyag+Qia Qyag+Qiag Qyag+Qyaog Qyag+Qye Qyag/Qia Qyag/Qiag Qyag/Qoa Qyag/Qoag Qyao Qyao+Qia Qyao+Qya Qyao/Qia Qyay Qyay+Qaa Qyay+Qyao Qye Qye+Qae Qye+Qha/Qmv Qye+Qia Qye+Qyao Qye/QToa Qye/Qiag Qye/Qiag+Qya Qye/Qmv Qye/Qyag Qye/Qyao Qye/Qyvo Qye/fp Qye/fv Qye/mp Qye/mv Qyea Qyea+Qae Qyea/Qia Qyea/Qia? Qyed Qyed+Qaed Qyer/fp Qyer/mp Qyer/mv Qyes Qyes/Qiea Qyes/Qyvo Qyg Qymc Qyp Qypf Qyv Qyv+Qav Qyv+Qia Qyw Qyw+Qaw Qyw+Qiw Qyw+Qye Qyw/Qiw Qywg+Qawg ml Points Points representing GPS determined locations of field observations are provided for clarity of the quality and nature of field validation. The points are distributed as a DBF-formatted table that can be used in spreadsheet and GIS software packages. In addition to location, observer, and date information, the kind of observation is presented. In most cases the Author's field notes for the map unit being observed is provided. Often the nomenclature used is different from what is mapped at 1:100,000 scale. In general, the nomenclature follows that of this report, as well as that presented in previous mapping in the region at different scales (McDonald, 1994; Yount and others, 1994; Menges and others, 2001; Bedford, 2003). In addition to map unit observations, other qualitative and quantitative information was collected (See "Data Stations" above). In this report we provide a boolean (Y or N) for the presence or absence of this further information, respectively. Table 8 – Structure of the Point Field observations Table ITEM NAME TYPE N.DEC Description UTM_E N 0 UTM (NAD83 Zone 11N) easting (Y) coordinate UTM_N N 0 UTM (NAD83 Zone 11N) northing (X) coordinate Date Date Date of observation StationID C The observer's station identification Last_Name C The last name of the observer map_unit C The observers designation of the deposit map unit BD_Moist B presence or absence of a bulk density/moisture measurement Chronology B Presence or absence of a chronology sample Lithology B Presence or absence of lithologic composition(s) of deposit PSA B Presence or absence of a particle size (texture) sample Photos B Presence or absence of digital photographs Surface_desc B Presence or absence of a surface (clast, lichen, etc) description Vegetation B Presence or absence of vegetation measurements References Cited Bedford, D.R., 2003, Surficial and Bedrock Geologic Map Database of the Kelso 7.5 Minute Quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California: U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report OF03-501 scale 1:24,000, 34 p., http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-501/ Fitzgibbon, T.T., 1991, ALACARTE installation and system manual, version 1.0: U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-0587-B, 70 p. Fitzgibbon, T.T., and Wentworth, C.M., 1991, ALACARTE user interface, version 1.0, AML code and demonstration maps: U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-0587-A, 10 p. McDonald, E.V., 1994, The relative influences of climatic change, desert dust, and lithologic control on soil-geomorphic processes and soil hydrology of calcic soils formed on Quaternary alluvial-fan deposits in the Mojave Desert, California, University of New Mexico, Ph.D. Dissertation, 382 p. Menges, C.M., Taylor, E.M., Workman, J.B., and Jayko, A.S., 2001, Regional surficial-deposit mapping in the Death Valley area of California and Nevada in support of ground-water modeling, in Machette, M.N., Johnson, M., and Slate, J.L., eds., Quaternary and late Pliocene geology of the Death Valley region; recent observations on tectonics, stratigraphy, and lake cycles, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report OF 01-0051, p. 151-166. Wentworth, C.M., and Fitzgibbon, T.T., 1991, ALACARTE user manual, version 1.0: U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-0587-C, 267 p. Yount, J.C., Schermer, E.R., Felger, T.J., Miller, D.M., and Stephens, K.A., 1994, Preliminary geologic map of Fort Irwin basin, north-central Mojave Desert, California: U. S. Geological Survey Open- File Report 94-173, scale 1:24,000, 27 p.,