e298n2722edit.tif

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:

United States Geological Survey Center for Coastal and Watershed Studies

Publication_Date: 2005

Title: e298n2722edit.tif

Edition: First

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image

Series_Information:

Series_Name: EAARL Lidar Submarine Topographic Maps

Other_Citation_Details:

The USGS, in cooperation with the National Park Service (NPS) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), provide the coastal management community with digital elevation products. The USGS processes aircraft lidar data provided by NASA, develops software tools and algorithms to use and analyze the data, and makes products available to the coastal management community.

Online_Linkage: \\BISC77823-HQ-SP\LIDAR\DRTO\LIDAR\e298n2722\e298n2722edit.tif

Description:

Abstract:

Lidar is a remote sensing technique that uses laser light to detect, range, or identify remote objects based on light reflected by the object or emitted through it subsequent fluorescence. Airborne ranging lidar is now being applied in coastal environments to produce accurate, cost-efficient elevation datasets with high data density. The USGS in cooperation with NASA and NPS is using airborne lidar to measure the submerged topography of the Dry Tortugas reef tract and Subaerail topography of land features; secondarily, the data will be assessed for its potential in terms of benthic characterization. Elevation measurements were collected over Dry Tortugas National Park using the NASA Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL), a pulsed laser ranging system mounted onboard an aircraft to measure subaerial and submarine coastal topography. With the NASA EAARL lidar system, submarine data is generally acquired to a maximum of approximately 1.5 secchi depths (a measure of water clarity). The system uses a high frequency laser beam directed at the earth's surface through an opening in the bottom of the aircraft's fuselage. The laser system records the time difference between emission of the laser beam and the reception of the reflected laser signal in the aircraft. The Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar, developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Wallops Flight Facility (WFF) in Virginia, measures ground elevation with a vertical resolution of roughly 15 centimeters. A sampling rate of up to 3 kHz results in an extremely dense spatial elevation data set.

Purpose:

One objective of this research is the creation of techniques for the surveying of coral reefs for the purposes of habitat mapping, ecological monitoring, change detection, and event assessment (e.g., bleaching, hurricanes, disease outbreaks, etc.). As part of this project, data from an innovative instrument developed at NASA Wallops Flight Facility, the NASA Experimental Airborne Advanced Research Lidar (EAARL), was used. This sensor has the potential to make significant contributions in this realm for measuring water depth and conducting cross-environment surveys. High spectral resolution, water-column correction, and low costs were found to be key factors in providing accurate and affordable imagery to managers of coastal tropical habitats.

Supplemental_Information:

Raw lidar data is not in a format that is generally usable by Park Service resource managers and scientists for scientific analysis. Converting dense lidar elevation data into a readily usable format without loss of essential information requires specialized processing. The USGS converts raw lidar data into a GIS-compatible map product to be provided to National Park Service GIS specialists, managers, and scientists. The primary tool used in the conversion process is Airborne Lidar Processing System (ALPS), a multi-tiered processing system developed by a USGS/NASA collaborative project for the use of subaerial and submarine lidar in coastal change assessment. Specialized processing algorithms are used to convert raw waveform lidar data acquired by the EAARL to georeferenced spot (x,y,z) returns for submarine topography. These data are then converted to the NAD83 horizontal and NAVD88 vertical datum (using the Geoid 99 model). The final products are 2x2-km map tiles written out in a standard geotiff format with associated metadata information. These tiles are created for visual interpretation and regional quantitative analysis. Metadata files include the standard FGDC format.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 073104,080104,080304,080404,080504,080804,080904

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Unknown

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.995085

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.975058

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.599160

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.580847

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Theme_Keyword: LIDAR

Theme_Keyword: Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar

Theme_Keyword: digital elevation model

Theme_Keyword: elevation change

Theme_Keyword: laser altimetry

Theme_Keyword: derived surface

Theme_Keyword: coastal resource management

Theme_Keyword: submerged topography

Theme_Keyword: Airborne Lidar Processing System

Theme_Keyword: benthic cover types

Theme_Keyword: bare earth elevations

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Place_Keyword: Dry Tortugas National Park

Place_Keyword: Atlantic Coast

Place_Keyword: Florida

Place_Keyword: United States East Coast

Place_Keyword: Florida Reef Tract

Place_Keyword: Coastal Florida

Place_Keyword: Fort Jefferson

Access_Constraints:

Any use of these data signifies a user's agreement to comprehension and compliance of the USGS Standard Disclaimer. Ensure all portions of metadata are read and clearly understood before using these data in order to protect both user and USGS interests. See section 6.3 Distribution Liability.

Use_Constraints:

Although the USGS is making these data sets available to others who may find the data of value, USGS does not warrant, endorse, or recommend the use of thes data for any given purpose. The user assumes the entire risk related to the use of these data. These data sets are not for navigational purposes. USGS is providing these data "as is", and USGS disclaims any and all warranties, whether expressed or implied, including (without limitation) any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. In no event will USGS be liable to you or to any third party for any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, special, or exemplary damages or lost profits resulting from any use or misuse of these data.

Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey Center for Coastal and Watershed Studies as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgement as is standad for citation and legal practices for data source is expected by users of this data. Sharing new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by USGS staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other data sets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photo interpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

United States Geological Survey, Center for Coastal and Watershed Studies

Contact_Person: Dr. John C. Brock

Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 600 4th Street South

City: St. Petersburg

State_or_Province: Florida

Postal_Code: 33701-

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727 803-8747 ext3088

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727 803-2031

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbrock@usgs.gov

Hours_of_Service: Monday-Friday, 8-5, EST

Browse_Graphic:

Browse_Graphic_File_Name: e298n2722.tif

Browse_Graphic_File_Description: gridplot tiff image

Browse_Graphic_File_Type: TIFF

Data_Set_Credit:

The USGS Center for Coastal and Watershed Studies would like to acknowledge NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for their cooperation and assistance in the development of the data. The USGS would also like to acknowledge Park Management and personnel at Dry Tortugas National Park. The National Park Service also contributed by editing the lidar tiles to remove processing artifacts.

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.0 (Build 2195) Service Pack 4; ESRI ArcCatalog 8.3.0.800

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator:

Brock, J.C.; Wright, C.W.; Sallenger, A.H; Krabill, W.B., and Swift, R.N

Publication_Date: 2003

Title:

Basis and Methods of NASA Ariborne Topographic Mapper Lidar Surveys for Coastal Studies

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: West Palm Beach, FL

Publisher: Journal of Coastal Research

Citation_Information:

Originator: Wright, C.W. and J. Brock

Publication_Date: 2002

Title:

EAARL: A lidar for mapping shallow coral reefs and other coastal environments

Edition: 20-22, May 2002

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: proceedings article

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Miami

Publisher:

Proceedings of the Seventh International Conterence on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments

Citation_Information:

Originator: John Brock and Asbury Sallenger, US Geological Survey

Publication_Date: 2001

Title:

Airborne Topographic Lidar Mapping for Coastal Science and Resource Management

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: USGS Open File Report

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL

Publisher: US Geological Survey

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

The expected accuracy of the measured variables are as follows: attitude within 0.07 degree, 3-cm nominal ranging accuracy, and vertical elevation accuracy of +/-20 cm for the "first return" surface. Quality checks are built into the data-processing software.

Completeness_Report:

Several regions of the dataset are labeled as "No Data", which corresponds to a cell value of -100 m in the GeoTiff file. These "No Data" areas are a result of the survey not covering a particular region, optical water depth of greater than 1.5 Secchi disc depths, or the manual removal of lidar processing artifacts.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Raw elevation measurements have been determined to be within 1 meter horizontal accuracy. Processing steps (grid interpolation) may introduce additional error which has not been tested at the time of this publication.

Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 1

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Elevations of the DEM are vertically consistent with the point elevation data, +/-20 cm.

Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value: .20

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:

NASA Collected the EAARL Lidar data and distributed to USGS for processing

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data

Type_of_Source_Media: Point elevation measurements collected by the EAARL sensor.

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 073104,080104,080304,080404,080504,080804,080904

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

The data are collected using a Cessna 310 aircraft. The NASA Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) laser scanner collects the data using a green (532nm) raster scanning laser, while a digital camera acquires a visual record of the flight. The data are stored on hard drives and archived at the USGS office in St. Petersburg and the NASA office at Wallops Flight Facility. The navigational data are processed at Wallops Flight Facility. The navigational and raw data are then downloaded into the Airborne Lidar Processing System (ALPS). Data are converted from units of time to x,y,z points for elevation. The derived surface data can then be converted into raster data (geotiffs).

Process_Date: 2004

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

United States Geological Survey Center for Coastal and Watershed Studies

Contact_Person: Amar Nayegandhi

Contact_Position: Computer Scientist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 600 4th Street South

City: St. Petersburg

State_or_Province: Florida

Postal_Code: 33701

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747

Hours_of_Service: 8:00am to 5:00pm Monday thru Friday, EST

Contact_Instructions: Call Survey for Details

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

The raster dataset was opened in ERDAS IMAGINE for editing. An Area of Interest (AOI) polygon was drawn around regions of poor data quality. Poor data quality was determined visually by locating gaps in the data as well as artifacts of the lidar processing. Pixels within the AOI polygons were given a raster value of -100 to correspond with other areas of No Data.

Process_Date: January - March 2006

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

National Park Service South Florida / Caribbean Network Inventory and Monitoring Program

Contact_Person: Judd Patterson

Contact_Position: Research Assistant

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 18001 Old Cutler Road

Address: Suite 419

City: Miami

State_or_Province: Florida

Postal_Code: 33157

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (305) 252-0347

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (305) 253-0463

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster

Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type: Pixel

Row_Count: 2000

Column_Count: 2000

Vertical_Count: 1

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator

Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 17

Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600

Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -81.000000

Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000

False_Easting: 500000.000000

False_Northing: 0.000000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 1.000000

Ordinate_Resolution: 1.000000

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983

Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80

Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222

Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Altitude_System_Definition:

Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988

Altitude_Resolution: .01

Altitude_Distance_Units: meters

Altitude_Encoding_Method:

Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates

Depth_System_Definition:

Depth_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988

Depth_Resolution: .01

Depth_Distance_Units: meters

Depth_Encoding_Method:

Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

This Digital Elevation Model is an Geotiff derived from point data. It is raster data consisting of cells. Each cell has an elevation value associated with it. Cell size is 1 meter by 1 meter.

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:

This Digital Elevation Model is an Geotiff derived from point data referenced to WGS84, NAD83 UTM eastings and northings (m). The variables measured by EAARL are: distance between aircraft and GPS satellites (m), attitude information (roll, pitch, heading in degrees), scan angle (degrees), second of the epoch (sec), and 1-ns time-resolved return intensity waveform (digital counts). It is raster data consisting of cells. Each cell has an elevation value associated with it. Cell size is 1 meter by 1 meter.

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: United States Geological Survey

Contact_Person: Jerry Butcher

Contact_Position: Windows System Administrator

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing address

Address: 600 4th Street South

City: St. Petersburg

State_or_Province: FL

Postal_Code: 33701

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747 ext3049

Resource_Description: Lidar DEM (date - identifier)

Distribution_Liability:

The United States Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. These data and related graphics are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such.

The information contained in these data is dynamic and may change over time. The data are not better than the original sources from which they were derived. It is the responsibility of the data user to use the data appropriately and consistent within the limitations of geospatial data in general and these data in particular. The related graphics are intended to aid the data user in acquiring relevant data; it is not appropriate to use the related graphics as data.

The United States Geological Survey gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of these data. It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from an USGS server and not indirectly through other sources which may have changed the data in some way. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the United States Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the utility of the data on another system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data and aggregate use with other data.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: TIFF

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Offline_Option:

Offline_Media: DVD-ROM

Ordering_Instructions: Call USGS for Details

Custom_Order_Process: Call USGS for Details

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20060315

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: United States Geological Survey

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 600 4th Street South

City: St. Petersburg

State_or_Province: Floirda

Postal_Code: 33704

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747

Contact_Instructions: Call Survey for Details

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time

Metadata_Extensions:

Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>

Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile