Northern California Shoreline Bias Values

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Cheryl Hapke

Originator: David Reid

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title: Northern California Shoreline Bias Values

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Open-File Report

Issue_Identification: 2006-1251

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Science Center, Santa Cruz, California

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1251>

Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Laura Moore

Originator: Peter Ruggiero

Originator: Jeff List

Publication_Date: 2006

Publication_Time: Unknown

Title:

Comparing mean high water and high water line shorelines: Should proxy-datum offsets be incorporated in shoreline change analysis.

Edition: Journal of Coastal Research

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Journal of Coastal Research

Issue_Identification: v.22, n.4, pp. 894-905

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: USGS Pacific Science Center, Santa Cruz California

Publisher: USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Description:

Abstract:

The USGS has produced a comprehensive database of digital vector shorelines by compiling shoreline positions from pre-existing historical shoreline databases and by generating historical and modern shoreline data. Shorelines are compiled by state and generally correspond to one of four time periods: 1800s, 1920s-1930s, 1970s, and 1998-2002. These shorelines were used to calculate long-term and short-term change rates in a GIS using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 3.0; An ArcGIS extension for calculating shoreline change: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1304, Thieler, E.R., Himmelstoss, E.A., Zichichi, J.L., and Miller, T.M. Shoreline vectors derived from historic sources (first three time periods) represent the high water line (HWL) at the time of the survey, whereas modern shorelines (final time period) represent the mean high water line (MHW). Changing the shoreline definition from a proxy-based physical feature that is uncontrolled in terms of an elevation datum (HWL) to a datum-based shoreline defined by an elevation contour (MHW) has important implications with regard to inferred changes in shoreline position and calculated rates of change. This proxy-datum offset is particularly important when averaging shoreline change rates alongshore. Since the proxy-datum offset is a bias, virtually always acting in the same direction, the error associated with the apparent shoreline change rate shift does not cancel during averaging and it is important to quantify the bias in order to account for the rate shift. The shoreline change rates presented in this report have been calculated by accounting for the proxy-datum bias.

Purpose:

Historical shoreline change is considered to be a crucial element in studying the vulnerability of the national shoreline. These data are used in a shoreline change analysis for the USGS National Assessment Project.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2006

Currentness_Reference: publication date

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Unknown

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -124.442128

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.965869

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.004365

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.223046

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General

Theme_Keyword: Shoreline

Theme_Keyword: Historic Shoreline

Theme_Keyword: Shoreline Change Rate

Theme_Keyword: Linear Regression Rate

Theme_Keyword: Endpoint Rate

Theme_Keyword: Baseline

Theme_Keyword: Beach Erosion

Theme_Keyword: Beach Nourishment

Theme_Keyword: LIDAR

Theme_Keyword: T-sheet

Theme_Keyword: Tp-sheet

Theme_Keyword: Coastal Survey Map

Theme_Keyword: Bias

Theme_Keyword: Offset

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General

Place_Keyword: United States

Place_Keyword: California

Access_Constraints: None

Use_Constraints:

Public domain data from the U.S. government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 400 Natural Briges Drive

City: Santa Cruz

State_or_Province: Ca

Postal_Code: 95060

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831)-427-4450

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (831)-427-4748

Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., Eastern Standard Time

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535

Data_Quality_Information:

Logical_Consistency_Report:

The proxy-datum bias, and the associated uncertainty, is calculated at each of the 1-km blocks in which the average beach slope has been calculated. The nearest WIS station, wave buoy, and tide gage to each individual 1-km block were used in the application of Equation 1. Once the bias was calculated, it was incorporated into DSAS and applied on a transect-by-transect basis, so that the estimated bias is removed from the final long- and short-term shoreline change rates.

Completeness_Report:

The bias, averaged over 815 1-km sections of the California coast, was approximately 18 m with an average uncertainty of approximately 8.7m.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

The bias uncertainty, averaged over 815 1-km sections of the California coast, was approximately 18 m with an average uncertainty of approximately 8.7m. Please see the Open File Report for more information (<http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1219/>)

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Cheryl Hapke

Originator: David Reid

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title:

THE NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF SHORELINE CHANGE: A GIS Compilation of Vector Shorelines and Associated Shoreline Change Data for the Sandy Shorelines of the California Coast.

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Open-File Report

Issue_Identification: 2006-1251

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Science Center, Santa Cruz, California

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1251>

Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Cheryl Hapke

Originator: David Reid

Originator: Bruce Richmond

Originator: Peter Ruggiero

Originator: Jeff List

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title:

National Assessment of Shoreline Change: Part 3, Historical Shoreline Changes and Associated Coastal Land Loss Along the Sandy Shorelines of California Coast

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Open File Report

Issue_Identification: 2006-1219

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Science Center, Santa Cruz

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1219>

Type_of_Source_Media: Tabular Vector

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: unknown

Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Bias Value

Source_Contribution: USGS

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

In order to calculate the bias, as well as the bias uncertainty, for this regional shoreline change analysis, long-term best estimates and measures of uncertainty are derived for beach slope, wave height, wave length, and tide level. The best estimate for beach slope was derived by averaging individual lidar transect slope estimates within 1-km blocks along the coast. We take the long-term mean wave height and length to be the best estimate to use in the bias calculation. The long-term mean wave height is derived from USACOE Wave Information Studies (WIS) hindcasts while the long-term mean wave length is derived from long-term buoy records (NDBC and CDIP) along the California Coast. Finally, the best estimate of the tide level responsible for generating HWL shorelines is taken as the elevation of MHW. The measures of uncertainty for the beach slope, wave height, and wave length are estimated as the difference between the 95% exceedance statistic and the 50% exceedance statistic of the cumulative distributions. This gives a 90% confidence interval on each of the cumulative distributions. The uncertainty of assuming that the tide responsible for leaving HWL-type shorelines was at MHW is calculated simply by MHHW-MHW. The proxy-datum bias, and the associated uncertainty, is calculated at each of the 1-km blocks in which the average beach slope has been calculated. The nearest WIS station, wave buoy, and tide gage to each individual 1-km block were used in the application of Equation 1. Once the bias was calculated, it was incorporated into DSAS and applied on a transect-by-transect basis, so that the estimated bias is removed from the final long- and short-term shoreline change rates. The bias, averaged over 815 1-km sections of the California coast, was approximately 18 m with an average uncertainty of approximately 8.7m.
Please See Below References for More information about the procedure:
Ruggiero, P., Kaminsky, G.M., and Gelfenbaum, G., 2003, Linking proxy-based and datum-based shorelines on a high-energy coastline: Implications for shoreline change analyses: Journal of Coastal Research Special Issue 38, p. 57-82.
Moore, L.J., Ruggiero, P.R. and List, J., 2006. Comparing high water line and datum-based shorelines: Implications for shoreline change. Journal of Coastal Research, v.22, n.4, pp. 894-905.

Process_Date: Unknown

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Science Center

Contact_Person: Bruce Richmond

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 400 Natural Bridges Drive

City: Santa Cruz

State_or_Province: Ca

Postal_Code: 95060

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831)-427-4450

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (831)-427-4748

Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., Pacific Standard Time

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector

Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:

SDTS_Terms_Description:

SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String

Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 7837

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator

Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 10

Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600

Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -123.000000

Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000

False_Easting: 500000.000000

False_Northing: 0.000000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 0.001024

Ordinate_Resolution: 0.001024

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927

Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866

Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.400000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.978698

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: Norcal_BiasValues

Entity_Type_Definition: Bias Uncertainty Values

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: FID

Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Shape

Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: ID

Attribute_Definition: Feature number.

Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential Numbers defining the features.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: BIAS_VALUE

Attribute_Definition: Bias Value

Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: meters

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Bias Value

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: LT_MAXMIN

Attribute_Definition: Long-Term Bias Range (High/Low)

Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: meters

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Long-Term Time Range Bias High/Low Values

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: DESCR

Attribute_Definition: Detailed description of the feature.

Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Describes additional characteristics of feature.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: ST_MAXMIN

Attribute_Definition: Short Term Bias Range (High/Low)

Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: meters

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Short Term Time Range Bias High/Low

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 600 4th Street South

City: St. Petersburg

State_or_Province: FL

Postal_Code: 33701

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831)

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (831)

Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., Eastern Standard Time

Resource_Description: USGS Open-File Report 2006-1219

Distribution_Liability:

Although these data have been used by the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, these data and information are provided with the understanding that they are not guaranteed to be usable, timely, accurate, or complete. Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information are the sole responsibility of the user.
Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights.
Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: ESRI Shapefile

Format_Version_Date: 20060901

Format_Specification:

Seven files comprise the ArcView shapefile: <filename>.dbf, <filename>.shp, <filename>.shx, <filename>.prj, <filename>.avl, <filename>.sbx, <filename>.sbn

File_Decompression_Technique: no compression applied

Transfer_Size: 0.038

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name: USGS Pacific Science Center

Fees: None

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20060826

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, Center for Coastal and Watershed Studies

Contact_Person: Tara Miller

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 600 4th Street South

City: St. Petersburg

State_or_Province: FL

Postal_Code: 33701

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 803-8747

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (727) 803-2032

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: taram@usgs.gov

Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., Eastern Standard Time

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time

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Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile