H11076_GEO_1MRSSS.TIF: Enhanced 1-m Composite Grayscale GeoTIFF Image of the Sidescan-Sonar Data From NOAA Survey H11076 of the Sea Floor in Quicks Hole, MA (Geographic)

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Frequently-anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
H11076_GEO_1MRSSS.TIF: Enhanced 1-m Composite Grayscale GeoTIFF Image of the Sidescan-Sonar Data From NOAA Survey H11076 of the Sea Floor in Quicks Hole, MA (Geographic)
Abstract:
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (MA CZM), is producing detailed geologic maps of the coastal sea floor. Sidescan-sonar imagery, originally collected by NOAA for charting purposes, provide a fundamental framework for research and management activities along this part of the Massachusetts coastline, show the composition and terrain of the seabed, and provide information on sediment transport and benthic habitat. While acceptable for charting purposes, the original data contained numerous tonal artifacts due to environmental conditions (such as sea state), variable system settings (such as gain changes), attitude variations in the flight path of the towfish, or processing (such as lack of line to line normalization). Many of these artifacts have now been removed by enhancing the imagery to provide a more continuous grayscale GeoTIFF that enhances the true backscatter character and trends of the sea floor.
  1. How should this data set be cited?

    U.S. Geological Survey, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2008, H11076_GEO_1MRSSS.TIF: Enhanced 1-m Composite Grayscale GeoTIFF Image of the Sidescan-Sonar Data From NOAA Survey H11076 of the Sea Floor in Quicks Hole, MA (Geographic): Open-File Report 2008-1196, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: Also available on CD-ROM
    This is part of the following larger work.

    Poppe, L.J., McMullen, K.Y., Williams, S.J., Ackerman, S.D., Glomb, K.A., and Forfinski, N.A., 2008, Enhanced Sidescan-Sonar Imagery Offshore of Southeastern Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2008-1196, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 1 CD-ROM

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.883896
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.802194
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.490685
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.407885

  3. What does it look like?

    <https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1196/data/sidescan/h11076/geo/h11076_geo_1mrsss.gif> (GIF)
    Thumbnail image showing the reprocessed sidescan-sonar imagery produced from data collected during NOAA survey H11076

  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

    Beginning_Date: 10-Aug-2004
    Ending_Date: 01-Sep-2004
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition

  5. What is the general form of this data set?

    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image

  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?

    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?

      This is a Raster data set. It contains the following raster data types:

      • Dimensions 9211 x 9089 x 1, type Pixel

    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?

      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000009. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000009. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees.

      The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.

  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    A continuous-coverage enhanced sidescan-sonar image of NOAA survey H11076 in geographic.

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)

  2. Who also contributed to the data set?

  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?

    U.S. Geological Survey
    c/o Larry Poppe
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA 02543-1598

    508-548-8700 x2314 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    lpoppe@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

To release an enhanced GeoTIFF of the 455-kHz sidescan-sonar data generated during NOAA survey H11076 in Quicks Hole, Elizabeth Islands, Massachusetts, in a geographic coordinate system.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

    Poppe and others, 2007 (source 1 of 1)
    Poppe, L.J., Ackerman, S.D., Foster, D.S., Blackwood, D.S., Butman, B., Moser, M.S., and Stewart, H.F., 2007, Sea-floor character and sedimentary processes of Quicks Hole, Elizabeth Islands, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2006-1357, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: DVD-ROM
    Source_Contribution:
    The sidescan-sonar data acquired with a Klein 5000 echosounder during NOAA survey H11076 aboard a launch deployed from the NOAA ship Thomas Jefferson and that were grayscale inverted and reprojected into geographic coordinates.

  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

    Date: 2008 (process 1 of 5)
    Adjacent lines that were of an unnatural and abruptly different tone were adjusted by tracing the perimeter of the line with the Polygon Lasso Tool and then matching tones to the adjacent lines with the shadow, mid-tone, and highlight input sliders in the Levels dialog box of Adobe Photoshop 7.0. Lines that were too light (based on comparisons with adjacent lines and with the verification data) were darkened; lines that were too dark were lightened.

    Person who carried out this activity:

    Larry Poppe
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA 02543-1598

    508-548-8700 x2314 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    lpoppe@usgs.gov

    Data sources used in this process:
    • h11076_utm19_1msss.tif

    Data sources produced in this process:

    • h11076_utm19_1mrsss.tif

    Date: 2008 (process 2 of 5)
    The UTM sidescan-sonar image was projected from UTM Zone 19 NAD83 to geographic WGS 84 using transformation 1 and resampling technique set to bilinear in ArcGIS 9.2 with the ArcToolbox Project Raster Tool.

    Person who carried out this activity:

    Kate McMullen
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Field and Laboratory Technician
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA 02543

    508-548-8700 x2277 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    kmcmullen@usgs.gov

    Data sources used in this process:
    • h11076_utm19_1mrsss.tif

    Data sources produced in this process:

    • h11076_geo_1msssrp1.tif

    Date: 2008 (process 3 of 5)
    Within ArcMap 9.2, the Data-Export option (Use Renderer and square boxes checked; cell size set to default; TIFF format specified) was used to convert the 16-bit TIFF to an 8-bit TIFF image.

    Person who carried out this activity:

    Kate McMullen
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Field and Laboratory Technician
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA 02543

    508-548-8700 x2277 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    kmcmullen@usgs.gov

    Data sources used in this process:
    • h11076_geo_1msssrp1.tif

    Data sources produced in this process:

    • h11076_geo_1msssrp.tif

    Date: 2008 (process 4 of 5)
    PhotoShop CS2 was used to convert the black border to white with the Paint Bucket tool.

    Person who carried out this activity:

    Kate McMullen
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Field and Laboratory Technician
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA 02543

    508-548-8700 x2277 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    kmcmullen@usgs.gov

    Data sources used in this process:
    • h11076_geo_1msssrp.tif

    Data sources produced in this process:

    • h11076_geo_1msssrp.tif

    Date: 2008 (process 5 of 5)
    The TIFF was converted into a GeoTIFF using GeoTiffExamine.

    Person who carried out this activity:

    Kate McMullen
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Field and Laboratory Technician
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA 02543

    508-548-8700 x2277 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    kmcmullen@usgs.gov

    Data sources used in this process:
    • h11076_geo_1msssrp.tif
    • h11076_geo_1msssrp.tfw

    Data sources produced in this process:

    • h11076_geo_1mrsss.tif

  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

    Poppe, L.J., Ackerman, S.D., Foster, D.S., Blackwood, D.S., Butman, B., Moser, M.S., and Stewart, H.F., 2007, Sea-Floor Character and Surface Processes in the Vicinity of Quicks Hole, Elizabeth Islands, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2006-1357, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 1 CD-ROM

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?

  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?

    Navigation was by differential GPS

  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?

  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?

    The complete existing sidescan-sonar mosaic was evaluated and where necessary enhanced to produce this dataset.

  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?

    All image enhancements were performed in a logical and consistent manner.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as the originators of this information.

  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)

    Larry Poppe
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA 02543-1598

    508-548-8700 x2314 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)

  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    Downloadable Data

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    This dataset has been approved for release and publication by the USGS. Although it has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights.

    Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

  4. How can I download or order the data?

  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?

    This image is available as a GeoTIFF image with an accompanying world file. To utilize this data, the user must have an image viewer, image processing or GIS software package capable of importing a GeoTIFF image.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 29-Sep-2008
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey
c/o Larry Poppe
Geologist
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA 02543-1598

508-548-8700 x2314 (voice)
508-457-2310 (FAX)

Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
Metadata extensions used:

Generated by mp version 2.8.6 on Mon Sep 29 09:25:30 2008